Qualitative Research In Order Research Articles

A New Framework for Monitoring and Evaluating Health Impact Assessment: Capitalising on a French Case Study with the Literature in Evaluation.

Health impact assessment (HIA) is a prospective approach that aims to identify the potential consequences of policies or projects on health in order to propose measures to make them healthier. Initiated in the late nineties, the approach emerged over ten years ago in France. However, the evaluation of HIA effectiveness remains seldomly practised and its theoretical background should be deepened. The aim of this article is to generate a discussion on how to evaluate HIA effectiveness and contribute to its methodological tooling, drawing on an evaluative experience of multiple French HIAs. Our work is based on an iterative approach between an analysis of the evaluation literature and a critical look at an HIA evaluation. We first carried out the evaluation of three HIAs in 2017-2018, combining a normative approach and qualitative research in order to explore each HIA as a phenomenon in its own context. Two years later, we conducted a self-assessing expertise on this evaluation, supported by an analysis of the literature in the field of public policy evaluation, in order to refine the theoretical framework for evaluating HIA effectiveness and ultimately to enhance professional practice by evaluators. This work led to the production of a logic model that identifies, through three dimensions (context, implementation and governance), the multiple pathways that HIA may take to bring about change. It also seeks to show the interdependence of these pathways towards change and helps identify the key drivers and mechanisms of HIA success. In this respect, it complements existing HIA evaluation models as it can serve both as a generic framework for evaluating HIA effectiveness and as an instrument for monitoring HIA implementation.

Unraveling the Factors Influencing Healthcare Accessibility: An In-depth Investigation in Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila

Healthcare plays a significant role in Bangladesh. The key to wealth is health. In the absence of healthcare development, we would not be able to live a quality lifestyle. In order for a nation to develop economically and socially, its health must be in good condition. It is reported that health services in Bangladesh are well funded by the government, but some issues affect the sector. A considerable proportion of Bangladesh's population lacks or has little access to healthcare services. There are several dimensions to the problem of lack of health service participation. This study evaluates, through collecting information from primary data, public health facilities' scarceness and identifies factors that act as barriers to the functioning effectively of public health facilities. The authors conducted qualitative research in order to gain an in-depth understanding of the underlying insights of various components that affect Bangladesh's healthcare sector. A purposive sampling style is followed to specify the respondents. The findings scrutinize the healthcare system in the selected areas of Bangladesh. It has explored what factors affect access to health services in urban areas of Bangladesh. It has also revealed patients’ views towards healthcare services. The findings from the qualitative data have unveiled that there are many key dimensions, in terms of various dimensions, that indicate why people face hurdles when accessing health services. Finally, the paper concludes with a variety of recommendations.

Discovering the deep roots of corporate social responsibility in SMEs

Purpose This article looks at the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Cameroon's dynamic landscape, exploring the motivations driving small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt socially responsible practices. In contrast to the emphasis on CSR in large companies, we highlight the central role played by SMEs as catalysts for sustainable development. Design/Methodology/Approach Using a quantitative methodological approach, this study examines the different factors that influence the adoption of CSR in Cameroonian SMEs. We established a non-probability sample of 124 SMEs based in the following four Cameroonian cities: Douala, Yaounde, Garoua and Ngaoundere. We used binomial logistic regression to analyse the impact of financial resources, institutional environment, company size, sector of activity, managerial ethics and company age on SMEs' commitment to socially responsible practices. Findings and implications Our study highlights the key determinants of commitment to CSR in Cameroonian SMEs. Our results show that financial resources, the institutional environment, the size of the company, the sector of activity, the ethics of the manager and the age of the company appear to be key factors influencing the implementation of a CSR approach. However, the factors studied have different weights of influence in the implementation of this CSR approach. These results prompt a reassessment of CSR implementation strategies and provide valuable pointers for improving the reputation, sustainability and relevance of Cameroonian SMEs in a rapidly changing context. Limitations Although this study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of CSR in Cameroonian SMEs, certain limitations must be acknowledged. The research is specific to the Cameroonian context and the results may not be universally applicable. In addition, the dynamic nature of business environments introduces a temporal component that may impact the generalisability of our results over time. Finally, the absence of a relationship between the nature of the technologies used and the implementation of a CSR approach is counter-intuitive and would merit being tested on larger samples or being the subject of further qualitative research in order to identify other components of the variable.Originality This research fills a crucial gap in the literature by shedding light on CSR in the context of Cameroonian SMEs. The identification of multifaceted determinants offers a unique contribution to the wider CSR discourse, challenging conventional perceptions and providing practical implications for both academics and practitioners.

Illocutionary Acts in Recorded Presentations of English Education Master's Program Students

This study aims to identify the illocutionary acts used by English Education Master’s Program students and the underlying reasons for them to use the acts in their recorded presentations. There is little study on master’s degree students, especially in the pandemic era. Therefore, this study attempted to identify the illocutionary acts performed by master’s degree students in the recorded presentation. This study used qualitative research in order to collect and analyze the data. Searle’s (1979) theory of the illocutionary act is used. The data was taken from the videos which were transcript. The transcription was used to analyze the illocutionary acts used by the students. The qualitative data showed that the students mainly used representatives (66%), directives (26%), and expressive acts (8%) in the video 1 of the recorded presentation. Similarly, in the second video, the student used representatives (68%), directives (25%), and expressive (6%). Besides, none of the videos were showing the students’ commissive and declarative acts. Results showed that the students used it for explaining to the audiences about facts or theories and examples.

Examining the Social Acceptance Levels of Teachers towards Individuals with Special Needs

Introduction: The positive approach of the teacher towards individuals with special needs, his participation in the educational processes with his peers, and the teacher's attitudes and behaviors such as supporting both the academic and social development of the individual with special needs affect the social acceptance of the individual with special needs positively. Method: This study, investigating the social acceptance levels of teachers towards the individuals with special needs in terms of various variables, was a descriptive study and designed as a screening model. The data of the study were obtained from 1433 teachers working in different education levels (preschool, primary school, secondary school and high school) in the central district of Düzce province and determined by the easily accessible case sampling method. Findings: According to the research findings, among teachers' social acceptance levels for individuals with special needs; It was determined that there was a significant difference in terms of gender, whether there were individuals with special needs in the family and close environment, whether there were individuals with special needs in the teachers' classrooms, and the belief that inclusive practices were an effective model. In addition, among teachers' social acceptance levels for individuals with special needs; It was determined that there was a significant difference according to the disability type of individuals with special needs, their participation in professional development activities for inclusion practices, their education level and professional seniority variables. Discussion: In the study, it was determined that teachers' beliefs about inclusion practices, their professional development and professional seniority were effective on their social acceptance of individuals with special needs. It was determined that teachers with special needs in their class had lower social acceptance scores. Based on these findings, it is recommended to organize in-service training activities and to benefit from the mentorship of experienced teachers in order to improve the professional competence of teachers for inclusion practices. In addition, it is recommended to conduct qualitative research in order to obtain in-depth information about the variables that show a significant difference in terms of teachers' social acceptance levels for individuals with special needs.

The experience of living with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography

BackgroundAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity with physical and psychosocial implications for adolescents. The aim of this qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) was to systematically search for, identify, and synthesise qualitative research in order to improve our understanding of what it is like to live with AIS and to facilitate empathetic and effective healthcare.MethodsWe systematically searched 4 databases (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL) and used the 7 phases of meta-ethnography to synthesise qualitative evidence including studies with children and adolescents, and additional viewpoints from parents about the experience of AIS.ResultsWe distilled 7 themes. (1) Diagnosis turned time on its head revolves around the AIS diagnosis and the uncertainty of the future that accompanied it. (2) Usual activities no longer the same explores how activities and participation in everyday life are impacted by AIS. (3) Hiding my body describes the pervasive struggle with self-image and appearance. (4) I want to feel normal again explores adolescents’ desire to return to ‘normality’ and challenges of feeling different. (5) Balancing isolation and support considers the relationships in the adolescents’ lives alongside their feelings of isolation. (6) Trying to keep control of treatment decisions explores how adolescents and their parents strive to feel in control. (7) Fearing surgery yet feeling hopeful focused on the apprehension and fear around spinal surgery and the beacon of hope it represented.ConclusionsOur QES contributes to the understanding of the adolescent experience of living with AIS. From our findings, clinicians can better understand the physical and psychosocial obstacles and the challenges faced throughout the journey of AIS to inform their clinical interactions with these patients.

북한이탈주민 상담의 특징과 효과적인 상담요인

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of counseling and factors for effective counseling for North Korean defectors, focusing on the experience of professional counselors who counsel North Korean defectors. Methods To this end, we interviewed 11 professional counselors for North Korean defectors and as a result of analyzing the data using the consensual qualitative research method(CQR). CQR is a useful inductive qualitative research method that limits the subjective impact of researchers and understands the experience of research participants through analysis and final agreement. When analyzing data, various researchers can participate and find a common understanding of the data through the process of consensus. Results As a result of the analysis, a total of 101 core concepts, 29 categories, and 4 areas were derived. The four areas are as follows: ‘Structural Factors Influencing Counseling for North Korean Defectors’, ‘Client Factors in Counseling North Korean Defectors’, ‘Competencies Required of Professional Counselors for North Korean Defectors’, ‘Effective Intervention in the Counseling Process for North Korean Defectors’. Conclusions This study was examined in depth the overall counseling experience of professional counselors for North Korean defectors through qualitative research in order to understand characteristics of counseling on North Korean defectors in detail and we tried to provide basic data useful for counseling for North Korean defectors by exploring factors for effective consultation. Through consensual qualitative research methods, we identified the frequency of participants' primary experiences and discussed the main outcomes.

Erken Kariyer Dönemindeki Müdürlerin Yöneticilik ve Liderlik Yeterliklerini Kazanmaları Sürecinin Veri Analizinin İncelenmesi

The aim of this study is to examine the data analysis of the process by which managers in the early career period acquire managerial and leadership competencies. This research conducted within the scope of the aforementioned purpose was carried out using phenomenological pattern interview technique from qualitative research in order to determine the perceptions of early career managers towards the process of gaining managerial and leadership competencies. The working group of the research; in the 2021-2022 academic year, Bahçelievler district of Istanbul province constitutes 10 school principals who are volunteers determined according to the random sampling method who have just started working in official schools. The data collected with the semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher were analyzed by descriptive analysis method and categories were created according to the main theme contained in the common statements in this context. Keywords: Management, Career, Qualification, Data Analysis

Erken Kariyer Dönemindeki Müdürlerin Yöneticilik ve Liderlik Yeterliklerini Kazanmaları Sürecinin Bulgularının Değerlendirilmesi Erdoğan Karahan

It is thought that the process of early career managers gaining managerial and leadership competencies will eliminate an important deficiency in the field of this study aimed at evaluating the findings. This research was conducted using phenomenological pattern interview technique from qualitative research in order to determine the perceptions of early career managers towards the process of gaining managerial and leadership competencies. After analyzing the data, some categories were created in accordance with the main theme contained in the common expressions. In the tabular form, the findings that constitute the main framework of the research are presented together with the frequency values in accordance with the sub-purposes in the section. In the research conducted, a school principal should have competence and spiritual competence in the field of education and pedagogy as a priority, participants mostly considered their own competencies sufficient for the managerial and leadership competencies that a school principal should have, managers increased their managerial and leadership competencies with in-service trainings the most, it is one of the main results of the research that managers apply to graduate education the most in order to increase their managerial and leadership competencies and receive the most support from universities in this regard. Key Words: Manager, Career, Competence, Research Findings

A New Training Model for Teachers of Italian as a FL: the A.L.I. Project

This case study intends to investigate the Libyan teacher’s qualitative feedback concerning a hybrid teaching trainer course aimed at developing new teaching practices. Therefore, in the first part we discuss the theoretical framework for the development of a curricular proposal for the teaching of Italian as an optional language for students in the last three grades of secondary school in Libya and the language teaching training of their Libyan teachers. In the second part we introduce qualitative research in order to highlight critical teaching aspects useful to orient the new model of Italian language teacher training towards a type of learning that is methodologically appropriate for the achievement of realistic goals.

The Subject-Participatory Paradigm in Correlation with the Constitutive Features of Pedagogical Qualitative Research: A Personalistic Perspective

The aim of the article is to show the correlation between the subject-participatory paradigm and the basic features of qualitative pedagogical research in practical terms. The choice of this research topic can be justified by the insufficient range of literature in the field. Therefore, the subject-participatory paradigm will be explored from the personalistic perspective, with reference to the constitutive features of pedagogical qualitative research in order to address the research problem while taking into account the above-mentioned correlation. The starting point is the concept of the subject-participatory paradigm grounded in the thought of Karol Wojtyła. Then, in conducting a hermeneutic analysis, the author refers to the concepts of scientists such as Dariusz Kubinowski, Krzysztof Szmidt, Marcella Kelly, Maura Dowling, Michelle Millar, Matthew de Carlo, and others. Also, references are made to the research stages, mainly embedded in the creative methodology, which can facilitate the emergence of the correlation between the aforementioned paradigm and the constitutive features of pedagogical qualitative research.

The English - Indonesian Adaptation of Cultural Terminologies, Vocabularies and Phrases in Webster’s Reflection on Raden Ajeng Kartini

The aim of the research is to analyze the adaptation of terminologies, vocabularies and phrases from English to Indonesian. The research was descriptive qualitative research in order to answer the research problem definitely. The data of the study were taken from a biography written by Tracy Wright Webster entitled Reflection on Raden Ajeng Kartini, while the translation is done by the author itself. The total number of data found was 75 Javanese cultural concepts. Then, the data were grouped into several culture categories before presented in the analysis. The result shows that there are three basic aspects that determine the translator in carrying the adaptation strategy with the Javanese culture. Those aspects are cultural factor, linguistic factor and the translator's preference. The aspects influencing the translation strategy that the translator carries is language and Indonesian modern history. In conclusion, the translation strategy of adaptation that is carried by the translator is actually dynamic. It is because in translating the Javanese cultural concepts are alternated or even hybridized, depending upon the translator's intention whether she wants to introduce the cultural concepts to the TL reader or not. However, apart from the limitation of the biography of Reflection on Raden Ajeng Kartini translation, the English version is still important for foreigners to know more about Indonesian history, culture and society.

Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests

ObjectiveTo review empirical studies that assess saturation in qualitative research in order to identify sample sizes for saturation, strategies used to assess saturation, and guidance we can draw from these studies. MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of four databases to identify studies empirically assessing sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research, supplemented by searching citing articles and reference lists. ResultsWe identified 23 articles that used empirical data (n = 17) or statistical modeling (n = 6) to assess saturation. Studies using empirical data reached saturation within a narrow range of interviews (9–17) or focus group discussions (4–8), particularly those with relatively homogenous study populations and narrowly defined objectives. Most studies had a relatively homogenous study population and assessed code saturation; the few outliers (e.g., multi-country research, meta-themes, “code meaning” saturation) needed larger samples for saturation. ConclusionsDespite varied research topics and approaches to assessing saturation, studies converged on a relatively consistent sample size for saturation for commonly used qualitative research methods. However, these findings apply to certain types of studies (e.g., those with homogenous study populations). These results provide strong empirical guidance on effective sample sizes for qualitative research, which can be used in conjunction with the characteristics of individual studies to estimate an appropriate sample size prior to data collection. This synthesis also provides an important resource for researchers, academic journals, journal reviewers, ethical review boards, and funding agencies to facilitate greater transparency in justifying and reporting sample sizes in qualitative research. Future empirical research is needed to explore how various parameters affect sample sizes for saturation.

Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring terhadap Mental Healthy Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi

The Corona Virus (Covid-19) pandemic is still ongoing from the beginning of March until now in Indonesia, seeing this the government immediately issued new policies such as carrying out activities at home for students from Early Childhood Education to Higher Education levels. The government does not recommend face-to-face learning (offline) and is replaced with online learning that can be done at home. This study aims to determine how much influence online learning has on the mental healthy of students majoring in accounting who are studying at the State University of Malang. The author conducted a study entitled "The Effect of Online Learning on Mental Healthy Students of the Accounting Department". This type of research uses a qualitative research type with a phenomenological approach. Using qualitative research in order to obtain accurate information or data in knowing the effect of online learning on students majoring in accounting at the State University of Malang and using data collection techniques through filling out questionnaires through google forms given to accounting students. The results of this study indicate that students during online learning experience difficulties in receiving the material presented and experience stress due to thinking about the workload given so that it is difficult to sleep. Therefore, it is necessary to have self-motivation to be more active in participating in learning even though online, besides being able to manage time better so that the tasks given are quickly completed and no longer a burden.

Management of Financial at Hindu Family in Mataram Lombok

This study aims to analyze the financial management of the Hindu family in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. This research is designed in qualitative research in order to find answers to two problem formulations, namely how the financial management model is and what are the obstacles faced in carrying out financial management in Hindu families in Mataram city. Based on the research results, it was found the answer to the problem formulation. First, the management of financial at Hindu family has not been fully implemented by the Hindu community in Mataram city, both in terms of the implementation of the financial management function and the implementation of family financial management according to verse 262 of the Sarasamuscaya scripture. Second, there are three obstacles faced in the management of family finances according to Hindu teachings in the community in Mataram, namely (1) lack of knowledge and understanding of the importance of financial management in the family; (2) lack of community income; (3) lifestyle.

TURİZM ENDÜSTRİSİNDE TEKNOLOJİK GELİŞMELERİN İŞGÜCÜ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Purpose: Dynamic development of modern technology is undeniable, and applications resulting from modern technology have already influenced the employment of services in the tourism industry. The purpose of this study is to examine possible structural changes and provide resourceful perspectives with the extent of how far the technological advances brought by Industry 4.0 will substitute for the manpower. Methodology: The research was conducted using a face-to-face interview technique, which is one of the methods of qualitative research in order to examine the effect of Industry 4.0 on the employment structures of the tourism industry in detail. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by adding some questions that made the study original. Design/Approach: 17 semi-structured face to face interviews were conducted with tourism industry managers based in Turkey to find out foreseen impacts of current technological improvements on the labour structure of the tourism industry. The reason for conducting a semi-structured interview is that this technique allows the elaboration of the research by asking additional questions, although the questions are determined. Findings: The results of this study indicate that dehumanization is not possible at all levels of tourism services, and technological developments lead to a task-sharing work environment between the manpower and robots. New occupations emerge while some are being eliminated. Demographic factors are prominent in the technological adaptation of both by customers and employees. Originality: This study is important in terms of seeing the perspectives of manpower in tourism within the framework of smart industry development and seeing the needs for its development. The conclusion provides managerial and theoretical perspectives resulted from study findings.

CURRICULUM INNOVATION: SHOULD ESP BE GIVEN AS AN ELECTIVE OR COMPULSORY COURSE? (A CASE IN INDONESIA)

English Language Education Department (ELED) at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) is educational department that has objectives to prepare competent future English teachers. Several elective courses are offered for sixth-semester students in order to equip its graduates with the skills that students may choose amongst Translation, Bussiness English, English for Young Learners, and American Studies. This issues are interesting especially the need for the ESP as an elective course arises from the inadequacy of ESP teachers’ professional skills, training, and experiences that may cause teachers lacking of ESP teaching capacity.The researcher used descriptive qualitative research in order to get in depth and detail information in the form of a description about the reasons of ELED UMM not providing ESP as an elective course. Three researcher have interviewed the Director of Language Center (LC) UMM, ESP lecturer, and Secretary of ELED UMM. The research finding showed that ELED UMM focuses on producing the English teachers for secondary education not at a tertiary level. To respond on the needs of professional ESP teachers, ELED UMM offers TEFL (Teaching English as Foreign Language) course as a compulsory course which ESP materials have been integrated.

Inkluzija u obrazovanju - istraživački pristupi i problemi

The paper investigates the problems of inclusive education from the perspective of scientific research and with an intention to point to the most pressing problems of inclusive education in Serbia from the researchers' perspective. The analysis encompassed 135 papers focused on different problems related to the research of the inclusive theory and practice and published in the pedagogical literature in the last 10 years. Two units of analysis have been selected: theoretical and problem approach to studying and researching, as well as the methodological approach to the research of inclusive education. The results indicate that, during the first decade after inclusive education had been introduced in Serbia, the authors were dealing mostly with the problems of critical consideration of the conceptual discourse and practice of inclusive education, and very little with the effects of inclusive education. It has been established that empirical papers take prevalence over theoretical ones, while descriptive and survey methods were applied most commonly. The research was carried out using mostly the one-sample technique and instruments and no participatory research was conducted. The pedagogical implications refer to the need for a more objective research of the effects of inclusion, given the ten-year period of implementation, and that the research approaches should include all inclusive education actors through participatory and qualitative research in order to offer the guidelines to the creators of the educational reform and its participants in terms of further improvement of the idea and practice of inclusive education.

Metadiscourse and Rethorical Moves in English Abstract Section of Undergraduate Students' Final Project at Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe, Tuban

The aims of the research are to analyze how metadiscourse types is used to accompany the moves in English abstract section of undergraduate students' final project, to explain how rhetorical moves are used in English abstract section of undergraduate students' final project, and to enlighten how metadiscourse functions are applied in relation to the rhetorical moves in the abstract section of undergraduate students' final project at Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe, Tuban. The research was descriptive qualitative research in order to answer the research problem definitely. The research identifies the meaning reflected and particular characteristic in the use of rhetorical moves and metadiscourse. The result shows that the use of interactive metadiscourse tends to be dominant in students' final project abstracts. Almost all of students write the methods of rhetorical moves in their abstract. The move gives a good indication of the information on data, procedures and methods used. The further researchers on teaching writing the final project abstract are suggested to conduct both metadiscourse and rhetorical moves aspect so the students will become more capable of determining the particular kinds of metadiscourse which should be applied in each move of writing abstract.

Teaching Challenges and Perceptions on STEM Implementation for Schools in Saudi Arabia

STEM education has become one of the most rapidly growing sectors in educational reform all over the world. Whilst the program has been successfully implemented in most countries, unfortunately it has not been introduced as successfully in Saudi Arabia on account of lack of clarity of the general description of the meaning of STEM and its purpose and framework of application. In 2009, the Ministry of Education (MOE) introduced a new mathematics and science curriculum, in collaboration with Obeikan Research Development Company, as an adapted series of science and mathematics textbooks produced by an American publishing company McGraw Hill. The adapted curricula attempt to make meaningful connection between student’s lives and their educational experiences through the implementation of new teaching practices which include student-centred investigation strategies and problem-based learning. The study was limited to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and used the interviews of high school mathematics and science teachers and class observational methods as a means of qualitative research in order to address the following research questions: - What are the major aspects of the new mathematics and science curricula that serve as a means of the implementation of STEM education in Saudi Arabia? - What are the perceptions of teachers on the implementation of the newly adapted science and mathematics curricula? - How are the newly adapted mathematics and science curricula delivered in the classrooms as form of STEM education? Results revealed that even though there is haziness in mathematics and science teachers on the actual meaning of the concept of STEM education and its practice, the new teaching strategies that are required by the MOE for the successful implementation of the adjusted curricula, were found to be equivalent to teaching practices that have been proven effective in the implementation of STEM education.