Qualitative Research Approach Research Articles

Enhancing Mental Health through Strategies for the Development of Emotional Intelligence

This article investigates the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and mental health enhancement, proposing strategies for the development of emotional intelligence as a means to promote psychological well-being. In an era marked by increasing stressors and mental health challenges, understanding how emotional intelligence can be cultivated offers valuable insights for both individuals and professionals in the field of health sciences. The study examines existing literature on emotional intelligence and its impact on various aspects of mental health, including resilience, coping mechanisms, and interpersonal relationships. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, the article synthesizes theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence to outline effective strategies for fostering emotional intelligence in different populations. These strategies encompass educational programs, workshops, and interventions aimed at improving self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and social skills, all of which contribute to enhanced mental health outcomes. The results demonstrate the importance of including the development of emotional intelligence in mental health promotion programs and support a comprehensive strategy that acknowledges the interaction between emotional functioning and general psychological health. The practical consequences imply that raising emotional intelligence can help people become more resilient, have better mental health, and have more satisfying relationships—all of which can lead to healthier communities and fewer public health issues.

Challenges and Triumphs of Democratisation in Mongolia

The major socio-political change in Mongolia was the change of political system from one-party socialist to multi-party democracy in 1990s. The political liberalisation of ideas- the change of economic system, inauguration of the new constitution in 1992 and the first ever free parliamentary elections are the key features of the Mongolia’s Democratic revolution. The importance of researching democratic consolidation in Mongolia can be underscored in several keyways. Firstly, Mongolia serves as an exemplary case of a nation that has transitioned positively towards democracy in a global landscape where democracy often remains an outlier rather than the norm. From the events that Mongolia had to overcome and the knowledge that was gained, there is much to learn on how democratisation processes could be maintained in transitional societies. Qualitative research approach is fitting for this study since it enables the researcher to gain an insight into subjective experiences as well as perceptions of those who are either involved in or affected by a democratic transition in Mongolia. Findings of this research highlights Mongolia's democratisation process both possibilities as well as difficulties involved. Mongolia has done fairly well in terms of institutionalising democracy, but numerous challenges are still persistent which require continuous attention and concerted efforts being made towards addressing them. By introducing strategic reforms, endorsing comprehensive development, fostering transparency culture and nurturing a sense of accountability within state institutions Mongolia can reinforce further consolidation of its democratic gains.

Determining the Challenges of Implementing Instructional Leadership in Township Secondary Schools in the Western Cape: A Case Study

In this empirical paper, the researchers determine the challenges experienced by township secondary school principals in the Western Cape, in implementing instructional leadership. The background to this paper is that there are challenges in the implementation of instructional leadership in township secondary schools which leads to learners performing poorly in the National Senior Certificate (NSC) exam. The study is couched in the theoretical framework of Critical Emancipatory Research which advocates peace, hope, equality, freedom, and social justice. A transformative paradigm under the qualitative approach and participatory action research design was adopted to analyse the experiences of the stakeholders of the research school. A focus group discussion was conducted with the school management team (SMT) of a particular secondary school in the Metro East Education district in the Western Cape. This SMT comprised eight members, including the school principal. The findings revealed that ineffective communication and a lack of clear goals are the primary causes of challenges to the effective implementation of instructional leadership. Contrary to this, effective communication and formulation of clear goals can alleviate the challenges experienced in instructional leadership. Considering the findings, the study argues that effective communication, and a formulation of clear goals, are a prerequisite for the implementation of effective instructional leadership in schools. This study contributes to the body of research on the challenges of implementing effective instructional leadership from the township context in the Western Cape province in South Africa. Keywords: instructional leadership, critical emancipatory research, participatory action research, learner achievement, teamwork.

Exploring the Challenges and Unveiling the Glass Ceiling Effect on Career Progression among Turkish Women in 3 to 5 Star Hotels

Purpose: Despite the significant growth in women’s participation in the hotel industry workforce, Turkish women continue to encounter limited access to senior management positions. This study investigates the obstacles faced by Turkish women in their pursuit of top managerial roles within the hotel industry and explores potential strategies to break through the glass ceiling. The purpose of this study is to investigate challenges and unveil the effect of the glass ceiling on the career development of Turkish women in 3-to-5-star hotels. The research endeavors to examine the experiences and challenges stemming from gender perceptions encountered by individuals within the hotel industry. Additionally, it seeks to discern the underlying social, organizational, and individual factors contributing to the disparity in leadership or senior positions held by women within this sector. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study utilizes a qualitative research approach, employing semi-structured, in-depth interviews with employees from 3 to 5-star hotels in Antalya, conducting an inductive thematic analysis approach the research aims to investigate the challenges faced by women in advancing their careers within the hotel industry and the diverse factors influencing their workplace performance. The statistical sample of the research includes people who have different viewpoints on the subject of the research. Findings: Twelve women working within the hospitality industry were interviewed. A thematic analysis revealed three interconnected barriers contributing to the glass ceiling faced by Turkish women: cultural and social obstacles, organizational challenges, and personal hindrances. These primary barriers encompass sub-barriers that collectively reinforce the glass ceiling, impeding numerous women from attaining senior positions. This research demonstrates that overcoming the barriers—especially organizational ones—can empower Turkish women to break through the glass ceiling and realize their leadership aspirations. Additionally, the study explores the implications for policymakers, academics, and practitioners regarding the impactful contributions of Turkish women to the hotel labor market." Practical Implications: This research showed evidence that there are real barriers for these women and the findings from this study offer implications that overcoming these barriers, particularly cultural and social barriers, could help Turkish women to crack the glass ceiling and achieve their dream of leadership. Originality/Value: The Hotel industry faces a worldwide shortage of Women in Leadership positions. This study aims to explore the challenges faced by the hotel sector in retaining highly skilled female employees who aspire to pursue managerial career trajectories. In addition, this research can add value to revealing gender inequality problems faced by Muslim women employees in the hospitality industry.

The Needs of Science Major Students at Madrasah Aliyah Al-Bairuni Jombang for Instagram Content-Based Nahwu Materials

Nahwu material tends to be difficult, making students feel bored quickly and less interested in learning it more deeply. The thing that needs to be considered is variation in learning. One of the variations in learning is using social media based on Instagram content so that students can understand and make the learning atmosphere interesting. This study aims to uncover the requirements of students with regard to Instagram content focused on nahwu. Furthermore, the intention is to demonstrate that Instagram, typically utilized for sharing photos and videos, is also possibly utilized effectively as a learning tool. The study utilized a descriptive qualitative research approach as its research method. Observation interviews served as the approach for collecting data, including up to 5 individuals who met the criteria of being class XII students and had studied nahwu material. The Miles and Huberman model is utilized in the method for analyzing data, which involves Data collection, data simplification, data display, and drawing/verifying final thoughts. The findings of this research show that students need to have a sense of urgency in Instagramming content related to Nahwu studies. The reason for displaying nahwu content on Instagram is to make the learning process more engaging and easier to comprehend. Hence, the media must communicate nahwu material.

Exploring the Strategies for Promoting Academic Progression to thePost-Pregnant Students in Ilala District - Tanzania

This study explored the strategies that promote academic progression for post-pregnant students in Ilala District, Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative research approach, using a case study design. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 50 participants, including parents, teachers, community leaders, coordinators, and students, through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and observation. The data were analysed thematically. The findings showed that flexible class schedules, online courses, and alternative learning methods are essential to accommodate childcare responsibilities and recovery after childbirth, and on-campus childcare services emerged as pivotal in helping students balance parenting duties with academic studies, alleviating stress and enhancing academic focus. The study concludes that by supporting the aforementioned initiatives with financial aid and healthcare services, institutions can create a supportive environment that empowers post-pregnant students to pursue their educational goals effectively, potentially leading to a brighter future for these students. Therefore, the study recommended adopting comprehensive policies incorporating these measures into the educational system to provide post-pregnant students with ongoing assistance and achievement.

Improving Skills and Empowering Women Community through Gayatri Womens’ School in Grenden Village, Jember, Indonesia

Womens’ empowerment plays an important role in improving family welfare. Womens’ empowerment can be done through increasing access to education, skills, economic opportunities, health, and participation in decision-making in various fields. This study aims to improve the skills of Womens’ groups in Grenden Village, Jember, Indonesia through non-formal education, namely the Gayatri Womens’ School. The Gayatri Womens’ School was established with the main objective of providing training and non-formal education to women in Grenden Puger Village to face various challenges in terms of skills and employment opportunities for women. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research approach to explore the research subjects. The subjects of this study include Womens’ groups in Grenden Village who are members of the Gayatri Womens’ School, consisting of one person representing each study group, family welfare empowerment (PKK), and Integrated Service Post cadres. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Hubberman interactive model which consists of 4 stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The implementation of the Gayatri Womens’ School activities consists of the stages of planning, implementation, evaluation, and sustainability. Gayatri Womens’ school training activities were carried out in 6 study groups, namely Krajan 1 class, Krajan II class, Kapuran class, Kumitir class, Karangsono class, and Karetan class. Gayatri Womens’ school activities were able to increase income and improve the environment through the utilization of local potentials such as corn silk tea, fertilizer from corn cobs, corn husk crafts, hair clips, and photo frames from shells, eco print batik, hanging pots from coconut shells and corn milk. Gayatri Womens’ school activities can empower skills to foster an independent and creative attitude in achieving sustainable human resource development.

How engineering and technology sectors are derailed by legislations: A case study of pakistan

The engineering profession play a vital role in the socio-economic development of societies and contribute to the GDP of countries. This role, however, can be derailed by legislations that regulate such profession. This paper investigates the impacts of legislations on engineering profession in developing countries. The case of Pakistan where engineering profession is regulated by the Pakistan Engineering Council Act has been considered. A qualitative research approach in which 66 documents related to legislations, law cases, international standards, and practices, qualification frameworks have been reviewed to assess the impact of legislation on technology education and employment. Six semi-structured interviews were conducted with government officials to get their stance on the subject matter. The finding suggests that the absolute purpose of this legislation was to regulate the engineering profession, however, wrong interpretation of this regulation has barred qualified technology graduates from the practice of engineering within the country. The faulty regulations are required to be revisited enabling graduates to contribute to the development of Pakistan.

The Role Of Social Studies Teachers In Developing Students' Disciplined Learning Attitudes At Madrasah Aliyah Laboratory Of The State Islamic University Of North Sumatra Medan

This study examines the role of social studies teachers in fostering students' learning discipline attitudes at Madrasah Aliyah Laboratorium UINSU Medan. The methodology of this study uses a qualitative research approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of the study consisted of 4 social studies teachers, 5 students of class X MA Laboratorium UINSU Medan and WKM in the student affairs field. The results of the study showed the role of social studies teachers who can foster students' learning discipline attitudes, namely social studies teachers have a role as mentors, social studies teachers have a role as motivators, social studies teachers have a role as demonstrator, social studies teachers have a role as facilitators, social studies teachers play a role as learning managers. In conclusion, the role of social studies teachers is very much needed in fostering students' learning discipline attitudes, therefore it is important for social studies teachers to carry out their roles well so that all students at Madrasah Aliyah Laboratorium UINSU Medan, especially class X students, can apply disciplined attitudes in learning when at school.

Analisis Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dalam Penguasaan Kosa Kata Bahasa Arab di Mts. Al-Ittihadiyah

This article is motivated by learning Arabic for school Al-Ittihadiyah which has problems causing >50% to fail in the UAS. This article aims to describe the application of Arabic leaming methods in school Al-Ittihadiyah. This research uses a qualitative research approach with the type of case study research. With data sources from teachers, students, and the learning process. Collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data is collected, reduced, presented, and then concluded. The results showed that the Arabic language learning process only applied two learning methods, namely grammar translation and audiolingual with a ratio of >75%: <25%. The selection of learning methods is not in accordance with the competencies to be achieved. Learning Arabic uses limited methods and media, so the result is that students are less motivated in the learning process. The application of learning methods that are less systematic and thorough. Evaluation of learning at the end of the meeting is not always carried out.

Blended Learning Instruction at Tertiary Level: Experiences of Students in One Tertiary Institution in Eswatini

This study explores the experiences of university students on the use of Blended Learning instruction at tertiary level in one tertiary institution in Eswatini. The study adopted the qualitative research approach where the case study research design was used. The study targeted students in one campus of the tertiary institution. Data were collected from a total of 15 (fifteen) students of this campus who were selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. The data were collected using one on one interviews and were analysed using Content Analysis. The findings of the study revealed that students have varied experiences about Blended Learning. While some have pleasant experiences of this mode of learning others have unpleasant experiences. The study found that some students view Blended Learning as a good mode of instruction that offers them the opportunity to access education anywhere anytime. The findings also revealed that the Blended mode of instruction benefits students in terms of its flexibility in learning times, vast sources of information and covering a lot of content in a short period of time. This mode, however, has numerous challenges which inhibit its successful implementation. These are limited data bundles and poor internet connection which inhibit learners from accessing lessons on line. The study therefore recommends that institutions must work with the relevant network providers (Eswatini MTN and Eswatini Mobile) to provide unrestricted data and network services to students.

Incivility in Nursing Education: Experiences of Under-Graduate Nursing Students

Incivility in nursing education is a pervasive issue that significantly impacts nursing students' clinical experience and psychological well-being. This study explored the forms and frequency of incivility encountered by clinical nursing students, documented its impacts and the coping mechanisms employed, and provided recommendations for interventions. A qualitative research approach involved focus group discussions with nursing students from Ambrose Alli University. The data was transcribed and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that nursing students frequently experience various forms of incivility, including verbal abuse, inappropriate behaviour, and unprofessional conduct from senior nurses. These behaviours led to demotivation, frustration, and psychological stress, adversely affecting students' clinical learning experiences. Coping mechanisms identified included avoidance, confrontation, and normalization, indicating a need for more effective support systems. Participants suggested several interventions to mitigate incivility, such as implementing robust regulatory frameworks, enhancing institutional support, providing education and training for senior nurses, and establishing clear reporting mechanisms. The recommendations emphasize the importance of creating a respectful and supportive learning environment for nursing students. The study's findings align with existing literature on the negative impacts of incivility in nursing education and underscore the critical need for comprehensive strategies to address this issue. Educational institutions should integrate professionalism and ethics into the curriculum, establish strong mentorship programs, and monitor clinical placements. Healthcare organizations must implement and enforce policies against incivility, provide continuous professional development, and encourage positive behaviours. Future research should focus on expanding the sample size, conducting longitudinal studies, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions across different contexts. Addressing incivility is essential for the professional development of nursing students and the overall quality of patient care, ensuring a competent and resilient nursing workforce.

An Educational History of Kuwait: A Focus on Schools

This paper examines key milestones in Kuwait's educational development as well as exploring the history of education in Kuwait including government initiatives, policy changes, and the influence of external factors such as oil wealth and international partnerships. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, specifically document analysis, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of how Kuwait's educational system has evolved by analyzing the challenges and successes encountered along the way, as well as investigating the educational reform initiatives throughout the years. Additionally, this paper sheds light on the efforts to address various educational needs and the strategies employed to overcome obstacles, thereby illustrating the dynamic nature of educational development in Kuwait. The study further evaluates the impact and effectiveness of various educational reform initiatives introduced over the years, shaping the current educational landscape. Through this detailed examination, the paper offers valuable insights into the ongoing efforts to improve and innovate within Kuwait's education system.

Exploring the institutional barriers to rural water management in Ghana

ABSTRACT Framed within policy support for bottom-up community water management in development practice in the global south, this paper explores the institutional barriers that impede effective community management of water infrastructure in water-stressed rural communities in the Upper Manya District and Yilo Krobo Municipality in the Eastern region of Ghana. The study adopted a qualitative research approach, using data collection methods such as in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with local government and community water management committees and participant observation across four communities. The findings revealed that irregular and inadequate monitoring, poor financial auditing and transparency, inadequate technical support, and limited community engagement were the institutional barriers confronting sustainable rural water management. The study argues that in community water management, hybrid models are more likely to work better than models that focus entirely on either top-down or bottom-up approaches since the former can strengthen technical capacity, financial accountability, and the experimentation of infrastructure co-design initiatives. The paper concludes that by addressing institutional lapses in Africa's infrastructural management regimes, rural populations can become part of, rather than left behind, in the global quest to ensure water availability and sustainable water management for all.

An Analysis of Speech Act Strategy Used by Teacher in Teaching English as Foreign Language

This research elucidated and examined the practice of teacher speech actions in the context of teaching English as a second language. The present study used qualitative research approaches. The present study investigated the verbal expressions of professors at Universitas Negeri Makassar. The data consisted of teacher comments and other utterances. The researcher actively participated in all aspects of this inquiry, including the whole process from concept to data report. Data was obtained by audio video and observational methods. The data was gathered, documented, chosen to align with study objectives, organized into data sheets, and then analyzed and assessed using Searle's speech act theory. The study revealed that the teacher used many speech acts, including locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary activities. There were 122 words (51.69%) that had locutionary actions. There was a total of 107 illocutionary activities, accounting for 45.33% of the utterances, and 7 perlocutionary acts, or 2.97%. Teachers using speech acts in English instruction use them to validate, rectify, elucidate, apprise, and assert on behalf of their students. Directives include a range of directives, such as reminders, requests, instructions, and warnings. Expressive words include expressions of gratitude, warm greetings, praises, and dissatisfaction. Compliments are reciprocal in nature. Instructions were used by teachers the most often, accounting for 93 instances or 45.15 percent of all speech activities. The purpose of the teacher's speech was to pose an inquiry.

Optimization of the Newa-Based Tourism Development Model (Nature, Ecotourism, Wellness, and Adventure) Through the Eco-Wellness Tourism Concept Approach

NEWA (Nature, Ecotourism, Wellness Tourism, and Adventure) is a new trend developing in the tourism industry in the era of the passing of the Covid-19 pandemic. The pattern of NEWA concept development that tends to be fragmentative causes the exploration of each concept to be more limited. Efforts to optimize NEWA are carried out through blending concepts in the frame of eco-wellness tourism. Therefore, an effort is needed to formulate the concept of eco-wellness tourism, as well as how to apply the concept in the implementative realm. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research approach, through the Forum Group Discussion (FGD) technique involving cross-disciplinary experts. Eco-wellness tourism combines healthy tourism destinations in wellness tourism with an environmental conservation orientation typical of ecotourism such as traditional spas, herbal concoctions, gastronomy, aromatherapy, and hypnotherapy as its activities, which are packaged in the concept of interactive activities with nature such as thematic camping, adventure, exploration, and rural tourism.

Evaluation of PhD Theses in the Field of Social Studies Education in the USA and Turkey (2018-2024)

In this study, it is aimed to examine the doctoral theses prepared in the field of social studies education in the USA and Turkey between the years 2018-2022 in terms of various categories. For this purpose, 113 doctoral theses accessed through ProQuest database and 121 doctoral dissertations accessed from YÖK Thesis Center database were analyzed by document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods. Theses examined in the study were analyzed in terms of 7 different categories such as the year, the university, research approach, research design, study group/sample, data collection tools and the subject. According to the findings obtained from the research, in both countries between 2018-2022, at least the thesis in the field of social studies education was prepared in 2020, while the year 2021 was the year in which the most theses were prepared in this sense. While “University of South Carolina” is the university where the most theses are produced in the USA, “Gazi University” comes first in Turkey. While more qualitative research approach, research designs and data collection tools were preferred in the USA, mixed research approach was mostly preferred in studies in Turkey. While researchers in the USA mostly work with teachers, the most studied sample/study group in Turkey is students. While doctoral theses in the field of social studies education in the USA were mostly prepared on teaching methods, due diligence, teacher self-efficacy, education policies and curriculum, theses in Turkey were generally prepared on teaching methods, value and skill acquisition. The results of the research show that the studies in the field of social studies education in Turkey tend to repeat, especially in terms of subject. In this sense, it is thought that this study can be a guide for researchers in Turkey to produce different and original researches.

Mobile Smartphones as Tools for ICT Integration in Geography Teaching

This article seeks to reflect on the opportunities that mobile smartphones (MSPs) present as ICT integration tools in teaching geography. The more extensive study, underpinned by the Professional Development Framework for Digital Learning (PDFDL) in ICT integration, employed a qualitative research approach. Lensed by the Professional Development Framework for Digital Learning (PDFDL), the article used the qualitative approach to garner insights from the participants regarding using MSPs as tools to integrate ICT in geography teaching. Data collection tools included interviews, observations, and document reviews. Researchers sampled (n = 4) schools, interviewed and observed (n = 13) teachers, and interviewed (n = 10) learners and (n = 8) parents in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. Furthermore, they used a purposive sampling technique to access the participants, basing the research on the premise that MSPs promote virtual reality for an array of learners. As the findings revealed, although some participants viewed the use of MSPs as a distractor in the learning space, teachers felt compelled to heed the call to modify their teaching pedagogies, such that they integrated mobile phones fruitfully in their teaching. The findings further revealed that such a paradigm shift would benefit homeschooling and facilitate a dual teaching mode at learning institutions. Curriculum planners are responsible for helping teachers accept that uncertainty is the only certainty about the future, considering the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and augmentation (VUCA) challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Extended lockdown periods accelerated the use of MSPs in teaching, requiring every stakeholder in the educational space to become a life-long learner by using a range of technologies and platforms.

Nurses' perspectives on privacy and ethical concerns regarding artificial intelligence adoption in healthcare

BackgroundWith the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into healthcare systems, there is a growing emphasis on privacy and ethical considerations. Nurses, as frontline healthcare professionals, are pivotal in-patient care and offer valuable insights into the ethical implications of AI adoption. ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore nurses' perspectives on privacy and ethical concerns associated with the implementation of AI in healthcare settings. MethodsWe employed Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology as the qualitative research approach. Data were collected through purposive sampling from the December 7, 2023 to the January 15, 2024, with interviews conducted in Bengali. Thematic analysis was utilized following member checking and an audit trail. ResultsSix themes emerged from the research findings: Ethical dimensions of AI integration, highlighting complexities in incorporating AI ethically; Privacy challenges in healthcare AI, revealing concerns about data security and confidentiality; Balancing innovation and ethical practice, indicating a need to reconcile technological advancements with ethical considerations; Human touch vs. technological progress, underscoring tensions between automation and personalized care; Patient-centered care in the AI era, emphasizing the importance of maintaining focus on patients amidst technological advancements; and Ethical preparedness and education, suggesting a need for enhanced training and education on ethical AI use in healthcare. ConclusionsThe findings underscore the importance of addressing privacy and ethical concerns in AI healthcare development. Nurses advocate for patient-centered approaches and collaborate with policymakers and tech developers to ensure responsible AI adoption. Further research is imperative for mitigating ethical challenges and promoting ethical AI in healthcare practice.

Passing the Sexual Violence Crime Law in Indonesia: Reflection of a Gender-Sensitive Parliament?

After a decade of deliberation, the draft sexual violence eradication bill was finally passed by the Indonesian parliament on 12 April 2022, enacted as the Sexual Violence Crime Law (<em>Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual</em>). The draft, which was first initiated by the National Commission on Violence Against Women (<em>Komnas Perempuan</em>) and later adopted as a parliamentary initiative, sparked controversy both inside and outside parliament. This article aims to describe the law-making process and identify the critical actors and acts as well as institutional responses that led to the passing of the law. It considers whether the experience can be interpreted as a reflection of a gender-sensitive parliament. Using a qualitative research approach, we identified critical actors and various responses from the parliament as an institution in responding to the dynamics of resistance and encouragement for the draft law to be passed. Our research material consists of interviews, news articles, and official document data. We found that critical actors and actions are key in the law-making process along with strong political will and collaboration between lawmakers, government representatives, civil society organizations, and the media, but the passage of this legislation alone does not fulfill the full requirement of a gender-sensitive parliament.