Qualitative Principles Research Articles

Patchwork Vectors for the Anthropocene: The Role of Creative Ecologies

Qualitative social inquiry into action on climate change involves understanding the intersections between contemporary social life and the technological development for environmental matters that work in this context. Thus, this article presents a solution in two parts about how to do qualitative research into the climate change action of human populations. Part 1 unravels the complex political and technological situation that we find ourselves embroiled within, and specifically with respect to climate change. The resultant patchwork vector theory of this article comes from Deleuze/Guattari’s Anti-Oedipus and lays out the expansionist system of global capitalism in terms of speeds, flows, and thresholds. Second, the creative ecologies theorized here examine the reality of social-political organization in response to climate change. In sum, these creative ecologies are arranged to pry into the qualitative principles of the patchworks through a combination of Bookchin’s social ecology, Guattari’s Three ecologies, and Harris’ creative agency. In combination, the dual strands of patchwork theory and creative ecologies in this article gives rise to a new qualitative methodology, suitable for social investigation under climate change and here applied to (a) play and (b) water.

Usability Evaluation and Enhancement of the AI-Powered Smart-Campus Framework: A User-Centred Approach

This study employs a user-centred approach to improving the user experience and maximizing the system functionality of an AI-powered smart-campus framework. The study aims to conduct the usability evaluation of the framework and identify areas for improvement. The focus areas include AI-powered features, user interactions, and design concepts. The study used Likert scale evaluations to measure user satisfaction and perceived usability. The identification and application of improvement measures resulted in positive outcomes. The feedback integration technique involves collecting and analyzing user feedback to identify areas for improvement. This feedback is then used to make iterative improvements to the framework. The study found that the feedback integration technique increased user happiness through iterative improvements. The redesign valve interface strategy involves redesigning the valve interface to make it more user-friendly. The study found that the redesign valve interface strategy raised perceived usability. Workflow optimization involves streamlining the workflow to make it more efficient. The study found that workflow optimization reduced completion times. The study used the UMM to evaluate the planning, design, implementation, and feedback aspects of the AI-powered smart-campus framework. The study found that the framework had advanced design maturity, indicating good integration of user personas and workflows. The framework also showed intermediate maturity in planning, with consistency in implementation but space for improvement. The study also highlighted the theoretical connections between UMM dimensions and quantitative metrics. This alignment between qualitative principles and quantitative measures is important for demonstrating the value of user-centred design.

CRITICAL STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROVINCIAL ROAD LEVY COLLECTION POLICY BY THE TAMANSARI VILLAGE GOVERNMENT BASED ON GOVERNMENT REGULATION 97/2012

Background: The road to Ijen Geopark is one of the provincial roads that connects Banyuwangi Regency and Bondowoso Regency. The activity of collecting levies by the Tamansari Village Government on road users to Ijen Geopark which is intended to increase development in Tamansari Village has become a polemic in itself. The road to Ijen Geopark has 1 lane which has 2 lanes. Government Regulation 97/2012 explains that road fees are intended for roads that have 2 lanes, each of which has at least 2 lanes. Objective: To describe, analyze and interpret the implementation of Tamansari Village Government policy in collecting provincial road levies from road users to Ijen Geopark based on Government Regulation 97/2012. Method: Using qualitative principles according to a constructive and participatory model. Primary data comes from interviews, and secondary data comes from literature reviews and various regulations relevant to the substance of the research. Result: The levy collection program can be justified if it does not violate existing provisions and is truly beneficial for development and society. Conclusion : The wrong levy collection policy causes public dissatisfaction, causes people to have no sympathy for the government, and reduces the use of infrastructure provided by the government

Year 1 Lessons Learned in Building and Sustaining Community-Academic Interdisciplinary Partnerships to Improve Maternal Health

ABSTRACT To understand current maternal health outcomes and growing health disparities, this interdisciplinary project investigates the development of a community advisory board (CAB), guided by the principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR), which explores the perspectives of providers, community stakeholders, and students. This step-by-step process analysis allows for greater clarity and recognition of areas to consider in future CAB initiatives and use of interprofessional education. Both quantitative and qualitative principles were used to assess and evaluate the process, including survey, observation, and content analysis. While this project remains in the early stages, promising results have emerged supporting strong group dynamics and commitment toward change in the local community while identifying improvements to the overall delivery of the CAB and CBPR process.

Identifying and Leveraging Promising Design Heuristics for Multi-Objective Combinatorial Design Optimization

Abstract Design heuristics are traditionally used as qualitative principles to guide the design process, but they have also been used to improve the efficiency of design optimization. Using design heuristics as soft constraints or search operators has been shown for some problems to reduce the number of function evaluations needed to achieve a certain level of convergence. However, in other cases, enforcing heuristics can reduce diversity and slow down convergence. This paper studies the question of when and how a given set of design heuristics represented in different forms (soft constraints, repair operators, and biased sampling) can be utilized in an automated way to improve efficiency for a given design problem. An approach is presented for identifying promising heuristics for a given problem by estimating the overall impact of a heuristic based on an exploratory screening study. Two impact indices are formulated: weighted influence index and hypervolume difference index. Using this approach, the promising heuristics for four design problems are identified and the efficacy of selectively enforcing only these promising heuristics over both enforcement of all available heuristics and not enforcing any heuristics is benchmarked. In all problems, it is found that enforcing only the promising heuristics as repair operators enables finding good designs faster than by enforcing all available heuristics or not enforcing any heuristics. Enforcing heuristics as soft constraints or biased sampling functions results in improvements in efficiency for some of the problems. Based on these results, guidelines for designers to leverage heuristics effectively in design optimization are presented.

Kajian Implementasi Program Banyuwangi Tanggap Stunting Di Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat Desa Wonosobo Kecamatan Srono

Implementation of the Banyuwangi Response Stunting Program in Srono District, because the prevalence reached 6.98% and placed it as the 3rd highest rank in Banyuwangi Regency. The highest supplier is Wonosobo Village. The high stunting rate is because many people and including stakeholders think stunting is only about heredity, so it's considered normal. Objective: To describe, analyze, and interpret the implementation of the Banyuwangi Respond Stunting program to the people of Wonosobo Village. Method: Using qualitative principles according to constructive and participatory models. Primary data from interview results, and secondary data from the results of literature studies and various regulations relevant to the substance of the research. Result: It is difficult to reduce stunting due to ineffective prevention programs, not optimal coordination related to planning, budgeting, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, ineffective and efficient allocation and utilization of resources and sources of funds, as well as minimal assistance and outreach regarding the prevention and treatment of stunting. Conclusion: Giving all the rights of people who are vulnerable to stunting as referred to in the Banyuwangi Respond Stunting program is very important.

Cognitive modeling as a tool for selecting massive open online courses for independent work of students of general engineering areas of training in physics

Introduction. The article is devoted to the development of an adaptive mechanism for managing the independent work of students of general engineering areas when studying a physics course by using massive open online courses based on cognitive modeling technology. Purpose setting. The problem of choosing the factors that determine the feasibility of choosing massive open online courses for self-study of physics is being studied, and the sensitivity of the educational result to changes in influencing factors has been experimentally assessed. Methodology and methods of the study. The complex and weakly structured task of assessing the feasibility of using massive open online courses in teaching physics to students is formalized by constructing cognitive maps that allow modeling changes in the academic result with an impulsive change in factors and in the formation of scenarios. The research methodology is based on the qualitative principles of graph theory, PEST methodology and SWOT analysis. Results. A cognitive model is presented in the form of a functional graph and a simulation experiment was carried out to test the adequacy of the formed cognitive model. Conclusion. The results obtained should subsequently become the ground for the formation of a scientific basis for managing the quality of education in terms of selecting massive open online courses for independent work of students and increasing its both internal and external efficiency.

Administering Online Writing Assessments in English Language Teaching: Challenges and Solutions

In the digital age, assessment becomes one of the most important factors to consider when planning English courses virtually. In actuality, however, many English teachers struggle to manage and administer online writing assessments efficiently and successfully. This article will give a general overview of the difficulties associated with online writing assessments and their workable solutions. Qualitative principles of data gathering and analysis were applied to provide answers to the issues and served as valuable references. The finding reveals three main problems with online writing assessments: academic integrity, limited facilities and infrastructure, and a lack of digital literacy. However, despite the drawbacks of online writing assessments, students are gaining more benefits and knowledge in digitalizing education. Thus, practical solutions such as using task performance, particular strategies to overcome technical issues, and increasing teacher awareness of digital literacy must be properly implemented.

CRITICAL STUDY ON POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF WITHDRAWAL OF PROVINCIAL ROAD RETRIBUTIONS BY THE GOVERNMENT OF TAMANSARI VILLAGE BASED ON GOVERNMENT REGULATION 97/2012

Background: The road to Ijen Geopark is a provincial road that connects Banyuwangi Regency and Bondowoso Regency. The activity of collecting fees by the Tamansari Village Government for road users to Ijen Geopark which is intended to increase development in Tamansari Village has become a polemic in itself. The road to Ijen Geopark has 1 lane which has 2 lanes. Government Regulation 97/2012 explains that the road levy is for roads that have 2 lanes, each lane having at least 2 lanes. Objectives: To describe, analyze, and interpret the implementation of Tamansari Village Government policies in withdrawing provincial road fees for road users to Ijen Geopark based on Government Regulation 97/2012. Method: Using qualitative principles according to constructive and participatory models. Primary data from interviews, and secondary data from the results of literature studies and various regulations relevant to the substance of the research. Result: The fee collection program can be justified if it does not violate existing regulations and is properly beneficial for development and society. Conclusion: The wrong levy collection policy causes community dissatisfaction, causes people to have no sympathy for the government, and reduces the utilization of infrastructure provided by the government.

Unexpected Kinetic Solvent Effects Enhance Activity and Selectivity in Biphasic Systems

Biphasic dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has shown unprecedented increases in productivity, but a mechanistic understanding is lacking. Herein, we couple fast experimental reaction kinetics, multiscale modeling (phase behavior, classical molecular dynamics(MD), and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics MD), in situ sampling, and IR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy to elucidate the complex effects of nonpolar extracting organic solvents on the kinetics of fructose dehydration. We show that these organic solvents can reach significant mutual solubility with water at reaction temperatures, enabling the partition of the sugar and catalyst into the extracting phase. In the organic-rich environment, the dehydration of fructose proceeds faster and more selectively than in water due to increased relative abundance of the reactive furanose isomer, enhanced water–catalyst–substrate interactions driven by nanophase separation, and higher product stability stemming from preferential solvation. We demonstrate that these solvent effects impact other critical biphasic reactions in biomass upgrading and provide qualitative principles for solvent selection.

IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN MENYIMAK MODEL DICTOGLOSS PADA GURU PESERTA PENDIDIKAN PROFESI GURU (PPG) PRA-JABATAN FKIP UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALA

This study aims to (1) implement the dictogloss listening learning strategy and (2) record the advantages and disadvantages of the strategy based on the implementation results, and (3) produce recommendations for the feasibility of using this strategy to improve listening skills in learning Indonesian and English at the school level. medium. The sources of study data are Indonesian language subject teachers and English subject teachers who are members of the Pre-Occupational Teacher Professional Education (PPG) Batch I of 2022, FKIP Universitas Syiah Kuala. Research uses qualitative principles. Data was collected using documentation, observation, and interview techniques. Data analysis of the results of the study was carried out using the principles of qualitative data analysis. The results of the study show that the learning strategy for listening to the dictogloss model: (1) is in accordance with the demands of creative, innovative, and collaborative Indonesian and English learning as expected in the 2013 Curriculum, (2) is effective and efficient in its implementation, (3) can involve all students at the same time to be active in learning, (4) facilitate individual learning and group work, (5) activate schemata and cognitive aspects of students when reconstructing texts, (6) easy to design and implement by teachers, (7) precise and effective for a tool to measure students' listening skills, and (8) teachers can apply this dictogloss model listening learning strategy at all grade levels by making adjustments to reading texts based on Basic Competency demands

Childhood cancer survivorship care: A qualitative study of healthcare providers' professional preferences.

PurposeChildhood cancer survivorship care is a complex specialty, though it is increasingly being integrated into the general practitioner’s (GP) remit. Establishing the essential components of tertiary- and primary-led care, to maximize the benefits and overcome the challenges inherent to each, is essential to inform the development of survivor-centered, sustainable care models.MethodsWe used the qualitative principles of semi-structured interviewing, verbatim transcription, coding (supported by NVivo12) and thematic analysis, to collect and evaluate the views and preferences of pediatric oncologists, survivorship nurse coordinators, and GPs currently caring for childhood cancer survivors.ResultsSeventy healthcare providers (19 oncology staff and 51 GPs) from 11 tertiary hospitals and 51 primary practices across Australia and New Zealand participated. Participants reported specialist expertise and holistic family-centered care as the key benefits of tertiary and primary care respectively. Participants reported that tertiary-led survivorship care was significantly challenged by a lack of dedicated funding and costs/travel burden incurred by the survivor, whereas primary-led survivorship care was challenged by insufficient GP training and GPs’ reliance on oncologist-developed action plans to deliver guideline-based care. GPs also reported a need for ongoing access to survivorship expertise/consultants to support care decisions at critical times. The discharge of survivors into primary care limited late-effects data collection and the rapid implementation of novel research findings.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals report that while a risk-stratified, collaborative model of survivor-centered care is optimal, to be implemented successfully, greater provisions for the ongoing engagement of GPs and further access to GP education/training are needed.

Experience of relatives in the first three months after a non-COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit discharge: a qualitative study.

BackgroundThe novel coronavirus brought Intensive Care Units (ICUs) back to their past when they were closed to family members. The difficulties of family caregivers encountered after the ICU discharge might have been increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, no traces of their experience have been documented to date. The objective of this study is to explore the everyday life experience of relatives in the first three months after a non-COVID-19 ICU discharge.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study was conducted in 2020–2021. Two Italian general non-COVID-19 ICUs were approached. Follow-up telephone interviews were conducted three months after the ICU discharge. The study has been conducted according to the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research principles.ResultsA total of 14 family members were interviewed. Participants were mostly females (n = 11; 78.6%), with an average age of 53.9 years. After three months of care of their beloved at home, relatives’ experience is summarised in three themes: “Being shaken following the ICU discharge”, as experiencing negative and positive feelings; “Returning to our life that is no longer the same”, as realising that nothing can be as before; and “Feeling powerless due to the COVID-19 pandemic”, given the missed care from community services and the restrictions imposed.ConclusionsRelatives seem to have experienced a bilateral restriction of opportunities – at the hospital without any engagement in care activities and their limited possibility to visit the ICU, and at home in terms of formal and informal care. Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-022-01720-z.

Quality of Understanding in Communication among and between Political Parties, Mass Media, and Citizens: An Empirical Study of the 2013 Austrian National Election

The study investigates the extent to which political parties, the mass media, and citizens follow qualitative principles demanded by the public sphere concept in political campaign communications. Using the index of a quality of understanding (IQU), it analyses the press releases and Facebook posts of political parties, newspaper articles, and responses by citizens in the form of comments in newspaper forums and on parties’ Facebook pages (N=7,525) during the 2013 Austrian national election. Considering that the quality of understanding of public discourse is measured on a 100-point scale, which serves as a benchmark representing perfect understanding, observed real-world values are often rather low. Austrian political parties scored the highest IQU of 28.35 points, and hence can be described as most closely following the principles of an ideal communication orientation. The quality of understanding is the lowest in everyday political discussion on Facebook, where political parties’ posts have an IQU of 17.97 points. The difference of 10.38 points to the highest achieved value of 28.35 reveals different deliberative communication practices between well-considered and strategically formulated communication in press releases as well as newspaper articles and everyday communication including citizens’ comments on Facebook and newspaper articles, which take different configurations.

Determinant of Obesity Among Women From Low Income Family In RW 05 Area Sub-district Cibubur 2021

Obesity is one of the nutrition problems that the prevalence increases continuously. People from low socioeconomic status significantly increase. Likewise, obesity in a woman is more prone than man. This study aims to explore the causes of obesity in adult women who come from middle and lower families. The research was conducted using qualitative principles, which research method in-depth interviews and observations. The primary informants involved ten adult women who have obese nutritional status and the key informants were community leader and family members. Results showed the influence perception of body shape on the intention and willingness to lose weight. Wrong eating patterns are excess food intake and consumption of food and beverages, which lead to obesity along with less exercise and passive activity. Its behavior is affected by individual perceptions, social support, and the environment..

Changing literacy outcomes in South Africa: Are home-school partnerships the missing link?

After many educational reforms over the past 2 decades, South Africa is still 1 of the lowest performing countries in terms of literacy outcomes. Despite an increased access to early childhood education programmes, more than half of Grade R learners will enter Grade 1 without the required skills to master reading. Clearly, systemic interventions are not working. Against this background, a family literacy programme was launched with the aim to improve home-school partnerships, build capacity for teachers to work with parents and to provide parents with the information and support they need to strengthen literacy learning in the home. The study reported on here was based on the theoretical framework of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory as well as Fullan’s theory of action as a theory of change. An action research design and qualitative techniques of data collection were used for programme implementation, but the study was planned and evaluated against Fullan’s theory of change. The Wordworks Home-School Partnerships programme was selected for implementation and a children’s component was designed to accommodate the young children of participating families. A multicultural, independent primary school situated in Pretoria, South Africa, was selected through a combination of purposeful and convenience sampling. Data were gathered from parents, children and teacher-facilitators during parallel sessions using multiple techniques and were analysed according to qualitative principles. The article concludes with a critical engagement between the anticipated findings of the study and the literature on theories of educational change to indicate how family literacy programmes can bring about improved literacy outcomes.

“We’re More than Cows and Plows”: Preservice Agriculture Teachers Use Young Adult Literature to Construct Professional Identities

ABSTRACT The purpose of this collective case study was to explore the impact of using young adult literature in a content area literacy course to leverage the development of professional identities in preservice agriculture teachers (n= 4). Empirical studies of the literacy-based experiences and professional development of agricultural education majors are often absent in teacher education scholarship despite a growing need for agricultural expertise in schools. Interdisciplinary groupings, disciplinary textual study, and teaching demonstrations comprised participant activities in which participants catalyzed their pedagogies through literature. The study followed the qualitative principles of case study methodology and employed interviews, field notes, and artifactual analysis over the course of eight weeks. Results show participants cultivated professional identities by constructing literacy-based learning communities, practicing agricultural instructional design, establishing themselves as experts across multiple fields, and exhibiting feelings of isolation and skepticism in their ability to transfer literary-infused agricultural education from the preservice setting to practice in schools. Implications, interpretations, and recommendations for research are also discussed.

Mathematization of experts knowledge: example of part orientation in additive manufacturing

The use of expert knowledge by manufacturing companies to support everyday activities has become an emerging practice thanks to the new knowledge management tools. A big set of knowledge is available in the organizations but its profitable use to solve problems and assist decision making is still a challenge. This is the case of CAM operations or preprocessing steps for which various works have been led to involve experts’ knowledge in the decision-making based on qualitative principles. However, so far, there is no methodology to the quantitative representation of that knowledge for more assistance. This paper introduces an approach for the conversion of knowledge into quantitative mathematical models. The main idea is to go from elicitation data in the form of action rules to simple unitary mathematical images; here desirability functions. The whole process carried out to extract the useful information that help building the desirability functions is exposed and different useful mathematical considerations are proposed. The resulting methodology identifies the categories of concepts in action rules and translate them into codified action rules. Then, through a mathematization process, the desirability functions are built. In short, this new approach allows evaluating the satisfaction level of the rules prescribed by the experts. As an illustration, the model is applied to action rules for CAM operations in additive manufacturing and more precisely to the definition of part orientation. This has shown the robustness of the methodology used and that it is possible to translate elicitation data into mathematical functions operable in computation algorithms.

Family Medicine Residents' Perspectives in Dermatology Training.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Purpose:Dermatological concerns are one of the most common presentations in family practice. Residents often feel inadequately prepared to address these concerns after graduation. This preliminary qualitative study was conducted to gain insight from residents about their post-graduate training in dermatology with a family physician practicing in dermatology. Methods:Family medicine residents (within five years of graduation) who completed their training at an academic family medicine centre in rural Southwestern Ontario affiliated with the local University's Department of Family Medicine were interviewed (n=7). Phenomenological analysis was performed on the interviews using qualitative principles of immersion and emergence. Results: Three main themes based on training with a family physician were identified: 1) Personal Enrichment, 2) Professional Enrichment, and 3) Understanding of System Barriers and Facilitators. Conclusion: Training with a family physician practicing in dermatology is useful for residents to gain comfort and skills in the discipline, allowing them to better serve their patients when in independent practice.

USAGE OF DIGITAL D CHART TEST AS A MODIFICATION OF AMSLER GRID IN OPHTHALMOLOGY AND OPTOMETRY.

Metamorphopsia is important symptom of macular disease. The most common simple detection method of metamorphopsia is Amsler grid. Usually it is used monocularly with best correction for near. Patient should evaluate grid deformation adescribe position of the deformity. This method is based on qualitative principle. For quantitative evaluation we can use Software D Chart (Thomson Software Solution). This instrument enables evaluate degree and position of the metamorphopsia in central visual field. Our goal was to establish M-score values in group of young healthy subjects without correction (M-score natural), with cylindrical spectacle lens (M-score SL) and in group of patients with age related degeneration (M-score ARMD). We had 33 probands divided into 2 samples. The first sample contains 15 young probands with average age 23 years without any eye pathology. The second sample contains 18 patients with ARMD (7 with dry form and 11 with wet form). In our study we used software D Chart (Thomson Software Solution). This software was use in Acer PC with touchable screen. We note total M-score in right eye of all probands. Level for statistic evaluation was set on p = 0.05. Natural M-score values for young probands was: median 0, minimum 0, maximum 2.3. With cylindrical lens we got these values: median 25.2, minimum 3.6, maximum 41.6. In second sample with probands suffer from ARMD we got these values: median 0.8, minimum 0, maximum 29.4. Wilcoxon non-parametric test was used for statistical evaluation. We proved statistically significant difference between all variables. M-score natural vs. M-score SL showed p < 0.001, M-score natural vs. M-score ARMD showed p = 0.04 and M-score SL vs. M-score ARMD showed p < 0.001. Our study showed statistically significant differences between variable M-score natural, M-score SL and M-score ARMD. We found that printed Amsler grid as well as its digital modification D Chart are suitable for determining metamorphopsia in central visual field. The main advantage of D Chart is quantitative evaluation of the test with M-score and digital registration of retinal changes during patient´sfollow up.