Qualia Research Articles

FILMES BIODEGRADÁVEIS ELABORADOS A PARTIR DE AMIDO DE MANDIOCA: UMA ANÁLISE DAS INOVAÇÕES SUSTENTÁVEIS

The search for alternatives to the use of plastic as packaging has been driving the adoption of new materials, has motivated the use of materials from renewable sources and biodegradables. The objective of this work was to carry out a descriptive bibliographic survey on research that focused on the use of cassava starch in the production of biodegradable films. The survey was carried out by consulting four data platforms: Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Pub med and Scopus. Having as search keywords the English terms "Cassava starch and biodegradable film". Articles published in the years 2018 to 2024 were selected, in journals with Qualis A1 classification with CAPES, with open access to the articles and the survey was carried out until the nineteenth day of November 2024. After consulting the platforms, 15 published studies with relevance to the theme developed were selected. They individually report the incorporation into the film made with cassava starch in different concentrations of materials such as yerba mate extract, cassava peel and bagasse, corn and cassava starch, bagasse from the production of blueberry juice, kappa caragenin (red algae extract), metakaolin, lignocellulose nanoparticles from cassava bagasse, nightshade extract, application of nanocompounds of metals such as zinc and cerium, Ocimum tenuiflorum and propolis by-product. And that after being tested and characterized by different techniques, such materials proved to be interesting as a way to promote the improvement of cassava starch films in relation to applicability as biodegradable packaging.

Ruído visual dinâmico afeta a tarefa de imagem mental com base no paradigma de retro-dica

The retro-cue effect (RCE) is known in memory tasks to produce an increase in accuracy and decrease in response time. The retro-cue brings the information to the focus of attention in an active state, but it is not known whether it is retrieved as a conscious mental image. In this study, we investigated whether the retro-cue brings the cued item to an active state, allowing its phenomenological consciousness. In each trial, the participants rated the vividness of the retro-cued item and then recognized it. Perceptual visual interference was used to certify the visual nature of the retrieved items. Our results showed a significant RCE in memory recognition, but not in the vividness rating. The mental image vividness and the recognition tasks are based on different cognitive processes and are subject to different interferences, but despite the different cognitive processes, there is a correlation between them.

Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness

While the study of consciousness has had a controversial history and, until recently, a pessimistic prognosis, recent views within the neuroscientific community suggest that a maturing if incomplete scientific understanding of consciousness is close at hand. The purpose of this essay is to specify the major points on which in my opinion there is widespread though not universal agreement, as proposed benchmarks for the current state of consciousness research across the phylogenetic spectrum. Most published definitions of consciousness boil down to a focus on it as a process arising in a nervous system engaged with a body and its environment, giving rise to subjective (personal) experience. A broad consensus on the phenomenology of consciousness sees it consisting at a minimum of (1) awareness_ _and focused attention, (2) unity of perception, (3) qualitative variations in content, (4) mental causation, and (5) a sense of self. There is also broad agreement that the substrate of consciousness requires sizeable, complex nervous systems organized into several hierarchical levels of processing. Further insight is gained by reconstructing the evolution of subjective phenomenological experience ― most likely from multiple origins, hosted by a diversity of body and brain architectures, and diverging into markedly different forms across the animal kingdom. However, three major mysteries about phenomenological experience that remain unresolved are (1) the neurological correlates of consciousness, (2) the apparent gap between phenomenology and mechanism, and (3) the process that monitors the brain activity admitted into consciousness.

Emotional meanings attributed to sexual experiences reported by Brazilian Men with Head and Neck Cancer seen at a Public University Oncologic Outpatient Service: A Qualitative Study

Introduction“What can and what cannot I do in a sexual relationship?” |In this way, a middle-aged man with HNC - Head and Neck Cancer, under chemotherapy or radiotherapy, asks. This doubt is raised to the oncologist, radiotherapist, nurse or psychotherapist. Apparently, his concern is objective, considering he has a severe diagnosis and important treatments. However, underlying the manifest doubt, there are symbolic constructions in his mind that generate anguish. The health professionals’ response must go beyond information. They also must understand the symbolic emotional meanings associated with the patient’s speech. This attitude will bring a psychotherapeutic effect to the ill man.ObjectivesTo interpret symbolically sexual and emotional experiences reported by male patients diagnosed with HNC under outpatient treatment in a public specialized clinical unit.MethodsWe used the CQM - Clinical-Qualitative Method (Turato. Portuguese Psychos. J, 2000 2(1): 93-108). For data collection, the main researcher used the Semi-Directed Interview with Open-ended Questions In-Depth and Field Notes. The employ of the Seven Steps of the CQCA - Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis (Faria-Schützer et al. Cien Saude Colet. 2021; 26(1): 265-274) brings us to discussion categories. The sample was closed with 12 patients according to the information saturation strategy (Fontanella et al. Cad Saude Publica. 2008; 24(1): 17-27). The interviews were conducted by the first author of this abstract, a male nurse, as part of his master’s research at a postgraduate course in Oncology. The findings were validated by peer reviewers from the Lab of Clinical-Qualitative Research at the State University of Campinas.ResultsTwo categories were chosen for this presentation: ‘The dyad perceived in the felt body and the experienced body’, and ‘The body re-signified between the sexual and affective dimensions’. The body symbolized before and after the illness experiences a movement in phenomenological consciousness that leads to external changes in its attitudes. The patient needs now to ask himself and others what this body can - or cannot - do. The severely ill body imposes new meanings for life and sexuality. It does not cancel the wish but asks for a new channelling of your psychic/sexual energies.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that patients with HNC want to talk about sexuality and ask about the risks of sexual activity, contrary to what the common view supposes. Traditional Balint groups met with the multidisciplinary team can be beneficial for doctors and nurses to deal with their own emotional limitations. Furthermore, the Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, under the approach of psychosomatic medicine, focuses on the care of patients with behavioural and emotional manifestations, together with the work of the oncologists.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness

While the study of consciousness has had a controversial history and, until recently, a pessimistic prognosis, recent views within the neuroscientific community suggest that a maturing if incomplete scientific understanding of consciousness is close at hand. The purpose of this essay is to specify the major points on which in my opinion there is widespread though not universal agreement, as proposed benchmarks for the current state of consciousness research across the phylogenetic spectrum. Most published definitions of consciousness boil down to a focus on it as a process arising in a nervous system engaged with a body and its environment, giving rise to subjective (personal) experience. A broad consensus on the phenomenology of consciousness sees it consisting at a minimum of (1) awarenessand focused attention, (2) unity of perception, (3) qualitative variations in content, (4) mental causation, and (5) a sense of self. There is also broad agreement that the substrate of consciousness requires sizeable, complex nervous systems organized into several hierarchical levels of processing. Further insight is gained by reconstructing the evolution of subjective phenomenological experience ― most likely from multiple origins, hosted by a diversity of body and brain architectures, and diverging into markedly different forms across the animal kingdom. However, three major mysteries about phenomenological experience that remain unresolved are (1) the neurological correlates of consciousness, (2) the apparent gap between phenomenology and mechanism, and (3) the process that monitors the brain activity admitted into consciousness.

Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness

While the study of consciousness has had a controversial history and, until recently, a pessimistic prognosis, recent views within the neuroscientific community suggest that a maturing if incomplete scientific understanding of consciousness is close at hand. Most published definitions of consciousness boil down to a focus on it as a process arising in a nervous system engaged with a body and its environment, giving rise to subjective (personal) experience. A broad consensus on the phenomenology of consciousness sees it consisting at a minimum of (1) awarenessand focused attention, (2) unity of perception, (3) qualitative variations in content, (4) mental causation, and (5) a sense of self. There is also broad agreement that the substrate of consciousness requires sizeable, complex nervous systems organized into several hierarchical levels of processing. Further insight is gained by reconstructing the evolution of subjective phenomenological experience ― most likely from multiple origins, hosted by a diversity of body and brain architectures, and diverging into markedly different forms across the animal kingdom. The three major mysteries that remain about phenomenological experience are (1) the neurological correlates of consciousness, (2) the apparent gap between phenomenology and mechanism, and (3) the agent that monitors the brain activity admitted into consciousness.

The Somaesthetic Body and the Phenomenological Consciousness

All human beings, regardless of geography, ethnicity or other ancestry, have always been born into a pre-existing world history. It is a world history that has countless stories, many of which deal with human nature, purpose and knowledge, and these themes have often been expounded through mythologies and pedagogical interpretations. Such interpretations of observations and phenomena of man have historically embedded themselves as generational exoteric transmission of constituent ideals of human life, including the view of human consciousness and body. Among the most significant narratives for human philosophy is the story of the body, as the body is the basis for our empirical anchoring in the world. Although man is something else and more than just body (consciousness/spirit), this is immaterial and have throughout history been immensely difficult to conceptualize. Therefore, man has taken detours to be able to speak of consciousness as an essential feature of being human, and one of the most frequently frequented detours has been the body. The visible body is a lot easier to sculpt than the invisible consciousness, why human cultures have often used the body as a representative marker of whatever values the culture in question has held important. With this impact on the concept of “human”, the body is always more than just a body and apparently divides man into body and consciousness. The body is with us across culture in all our activities, and with its decisive influence in human idea development and the creation of cultural habits, the body has a fundamental and all too often misinterpreted presence in every crevice of our society.

Phenomenology of consciousness: on the unreduced components of experience

Phenomenology of consciousness: on the unreduced components of experience

O PENSAMENTO DECOLONIAL NOS ESTUDOS DA INFÂNCIA: EPISTEMOLOGIAS CRÍTICAS E PÓS-CRÍTICAS

ABSTRACT: The paper discusses how decolonial thinking appears in the database of childhood studies composed of dissertations, theses, and complete works of the Working Groups (GTs) presented at ANPEd National Meetings and scientific papers in Qualis A1 journals. This study is characterized as meta-research, that is, research on research in a field and/or area of study, and aims to indicate approaches, focuses, perspectives, and analytical models. The debate on the decolonization of research is followed by the presentation of 11 authors (0.48% of the production) who deal with decolonial thinking in a total of 2,246 cataloged works. As a result, the low presence of decolonial thinking in childhood studies is indicated and three thematic fields emerge for further research at the interface with critical and post-critical epistemologies: 1) critical decolonial thinking, childhoods and inequalities; 2) decolonial thinking, multiculturalism, childhoods and diversities; and 3) postcolonial thinking, post-critical paradigms and contemporary childhoods.

Elvesztette-e méltóságát a koncentrációs táborok muzulmánja? Giorgio Agamben méltóságról, puszta életről és immanenciáról

In our analysis we focus on the Agambenian concept of human dignity against the background of the Kantian moral tradition. Our goal is to explore the connection between dignity and biopolitics in Agamben’s thinking through his concept of bare life as an absolute immanence, in the Deleuzian sense of indeterminacy, indiscernibility, undecidabilty. As for the philosophical context we draw attention to the Sartrean conception of lived experience in The Family Idiot, in addition to the well-known Foucauldian and Deleuzian roots of Agamben’s philosophy, and the early phenomenology of consciousness in The Transcendence of the Ego (with a focus on the impersonal transcendental field and the pre-reflexive consciousness).

Transcranial electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex to boost the hypnosis experience: who benefits most?

Many attempts have been made to enhance hypnotizability. The most recent studies adopted the non-invasive brain stimulation to deactivate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during hypnosis, indicating this as a promising approach. However, it is still no clear whether individual factors can predict the effects of stimulation on hypnotizability. In the present study we adopted the phenomenological consciousness inventory (PCI) to retrospectively assess the mental processes during hypnosis and to predict hypnotizability, here defined as "hypnoidal state." The aim was to investigate the possible role of the hypnotic susceptibility on the efficacy of a validated approach of hypnosis enhancement through cathodal transcranial electrical stimulation (tDCS) of the left DLPFC. Results indicated that the lower hypnoidal state at baseline predicted the greater enhancement after the active tDCS. These findings suggest the subjects with lower hypnotic responsiveness as the best candidates for the tDCS interventions of hypnosis enhancement, at least for the montage targeting the left DLPFC. Neurocognitive underpinnings and clinical implications of the results are discussed.

Woman as the Embodiment of Desire in Algirdas Landsbergis’ Short Stories

The woman as the embodiment of desire in the writings of Algirdas Jeronimas Landsbergis (1924–2004) – a Lithuanian expatriate playwright, novelist, editor, and literary and theatre critic – is not an ordinary literary character but symbolises the unique relationship between the rational world of consciousness and the instinctive, primal needs expressed in creative fantasies. The image of the woman-fantasy appears in the author’s short stories. It allows us to explore the inherent egocentricity of desire, the experience of lust that constrains subjectivity. C. G. Jung’s philosophy is used to classify fantasy images and identify their characteristic features, while E. Husserl’s phenomenology of consciousness is applied to the description of the protagonists’ experiences in the process of unique emotional occurrences. Short stories “Duet for Female Voice and Violin in Venice”, “A Long Night”, and “The Second Mountain Range” are analysed as expressions of the experiencing consciousness and the creating unconscious. The desires and fantasies of the protagonists materialise into a woman who is seen as a creation of lust; her body is reified by demonstrating power. However, a phantasmatic metamorphosis of characters is powerless to solve their dilemmas and inner confusion, as lust is based on one-sided, searching, and striving relations with the world in the absence of any answer.

The contribution of coherence field theory to a model of consciousness: electric currents, EM fields, and EM radiation in the brain.

A paradigm in neuroscience is developing which views resonance as the phenomenon responsible for consciousness. Much progress is being made in the investigation of how resonance as oscillating flows within the brain's electric field might result in production of mind from matter. But it's mostly unknown how vibrations among features of matter such as nanoscale atomic structures and photonic waves may participate in forming the basic substance of first-person consciousness, meaning percepts such as colors, textures, sounds, thoughts, feelings et cetera. Initial evidence at the leading edge of quantum biology suggests that light and atoms combine to form synchronously resonating structures of contiguous energy which I have termed coherence fields. My hypothesis is that coherence fields as atomic nodes within expanses of integrating photonic waves are the fundamental unit of first-person percepts insofar as they arise from electromagnetic matter. A concept of quantum coherence is formulated based on a new phenomenology of matter's nanoscale properties, and this is shown to tie what we have thus far discovered of neural anatomy into a comprehensive model of how electrical impulses travel through neurons as electron currents driven by coherence at the quantum scale. Transmembrane electric fields generated by ionic currents, synaptic phase regulation, and perhaps further mechanisms have been hypothesized as responsible for local field potentials (LFP) oscillations. Some insights into how emergent, macroscopic waves in the brain's electric field may reciprocally impact LFP propagation to control arousal, attention, and volition are briefly discussed. Activation of neural tissue is closely linked to temperature variation, and it is hypothesized that this is not merely a waste byproduct but constitutes a signature of coherence field modulation, with photonic waves of a primarily infrared spectral range functioning as an interstitial medium of the basic percept field. A variety of possible routes to coherence field modulation are outlined that derive from the mechanisms of electric currents, EM fields, EM radiation, and entanglement. If future experimental designs continue to validate coherence field theory, this could set science on course to resolve the mind/body problem.

The transition between early childhood education and primary education: a literature review

The transition between Early Childhood Education and Primary Education is a process that permeates the academic lives of children, so it is fundamental that it takes place in an interconnected way, with an integrated curriculum and the use of recreational situations and experiences that contribute towards literacy. This literature review analyzes the productions and foundations in the educational landscape and in the field of knowledge production regarding the transition between these two stages of Basic Education, by analyzing articles published in journals classified as Qualis A1 in Brazil, according to the assessment carried out by CAPES in 2019. The articles analyzed had themes aimed at the following a priori categories: Childhood Education; Teacher Knowledge and Practices; Curriculum and Teaching and Learning. After analyzing these articles, guided by Textual Discourse Analysis, three categories and five subcategories emerged. Among the results, we found that most of the articles addressed issues related to the curriculum, literacy and issues related to early childhood, reinforcing the importance of establishing an interconnected and systematic study between the two stages of Basic Education. However, research in the area of transition is insignificant, despite the evident importance of this topic.

김종삼 시의 물 이미지 고찰과 교육적 의의

Objectives This study examines the orientation of the poet's world of consciousness by analyzing the transformation and implementation of the water image that penetrates Kim Jong-sam's poetry, and examines its educational significance in connection with the university's poetry education.
 Methods To this end, this paper took a phenomenological position to reveal the orientation of consciousness through poetic objects, and analyzed the transformation and implementation of the water image in Kim Jong-sam’s poetry in terms of Gaston Bachelard's conscious phenomenology. Furthermore, it aims to explore the educational significance that can be obtained when applying this to the poetry education of college students.
 Results As a result of the study, the “water” image, which is variously transformed in Kim Jong-sam’s poetry, showed three transition patterns: the transition from “rotten water” to “pure water,” the transition from “tough water” to “burning water,” and the transition from “dead water” to “maternal water.” Through this, it was possible to comprehensively grasp the consciousness orientation of poet Kim Jong-sam, who lost absolute paradise and longed for an ideal world in his thirst. In addition, it was examined that when used for college students' poetry education, it can have significant educational effects such as cultivating aesthetic sensitivity, enhancing creative imagination, cultivating flexibility in thinking, and expanding the possibility of communication and communication with the world.
 Conclusions This paper is meaningful in that it examines the transformation and implementation of water image in Kim Jong-sam's poetry to comprehensively clarify the poet's orientation, and further examines its educational significance to seek application points for college students' poetry education.

How the Brain Becomes the Mind: Can Thermodynamics Explain the Emergence and Nature of Emotions?

The neural systems’ electric activities are fundamental for the phenomenology of consciousness. Sensory perception triggers an information/energy exchange with the environment, but the brain’s recurrent activations maintain a resting state with constant parameters. Therefore, perception forms a closed thermodynamic cycle. In physics, the Carnot engine is an ideal thermodynamic cycle that converts heat from a hot reservoir into work, or inversely, requires work to transfer heat from a low- to a high-temperature reservoir (the reversed Carnot cycle). We analyze the high entropy brain by the endothermic reversed Carnot cycle. Its irreversible activations provide temporal directionality for future orientation. A flexible transfer between neural states inspires openness and creativity. In contrast, the low entropy resting state parallels reversible activations, which impose past focus via repetitive thinking, remorse, and regret. The exothermic Carnot cycle degrades mental energy. Therefore, the brain’s energy/information balance formulates motivation, sensed as position or negative emotions. Our work provides an analytical perspective of positive and negative emotions and spontaneous behavior from the free energy principle. Furthermore, electrical activities, thoughts, and beliefs lend themselves to a temporal organization, an orthogonal condition to physical systems. Here, we suggest that an experimental validation of the thermodynamic origin of emotions might inspire better treatment options for mental diseases.

“Bodyheartminding” (xin 心): Reconceiving the Inner Self and the Outer World in the Language of Holographic Focus and Field

“Bodyheartminding” (<i>xin</i> 心): Reconceiving the Inner Self and the Outer World in the Language of Holographic Focus and Field

To the Delineation of the Notion of Self-Consciousness in Psychiatry: J.Ch. Reil’s Concept

The aim was to establish the rst authors of the notion and the conception of depersonalization in psychiatry, to analyze the criteria (signs) of normal and disordered consciousness in its “primary” concept. Method: the analysis of scientic works of G.E. Berrios, M. Sierra, A.A. Megrabjan, W. Maier-Gross, K. Haug, K. Oesterreich, P. Schilder, K. Jaspers, H. Dagonet, Th. Ribot, P. Janet, J. Reil and some other authors. Conclusion: although G.E. Berrios mentioned only two priority “schools” of the ΧΙΧ century developing phenomenology of consciousness and self-consciousness: French and English, we discovered that already in 1803 German physiologist, anatomist and psychiatrist J. Reil presented the original concept of self-consciousness (Selbstbewusstsein) and its deviations that in his psychopathological subtlety of elaboration did not yield to the originated much later concepts of H. Dagonet (1884, 1894) and K. Jaspers (1913). J. Reil highlighted the following properties of self-consciousness: 1) “belonging to oneself”; 2) connection of impressions in unity; 3) demarcation of “I and not I”. According to J. Reil, the nervous system compounds all parts of our body in unity in one main focal point: the brain, similarly the soul strives to processing of various impressions in unity. The state of consciousness is changeable, J. Reil marked its changeability according to ve signs: the loss of ability with necessary clarity for differentiation of subject and object; the predominance of the object with plunge into semi- darkness of the subject; the excessive lighting of the subject with corresponding shading of the external world; I-orientation in time and space; “consciousness of the past”, or continuity of “I”. Concerning the disorders of the state of self-consciousness J. Reil slightly modied these signs in: 1) the disorders of self-consciousness of “objectivity”; 2) the disorders of “subjectivity and own personality”, as a special kind of disorders of subjectivity J. Reil decribed the phenomena that later were designated by the term “depersonalization”; 3) the disorders of the soul and body unity; 4) disorders of continuity of self-consciousness (corresponding to the criterion of “I-identity” of K. Jaspers); 5) wrong reection of place and time.

Integrated Information Theory as Testing Ground for Causation: Why Nested Hylomorphism Overcomes Physicalism and Panpsychism

Integrated information theory (IIT) stands out as one of the most promising approaches to scientifically understand the emergence of consciousness. Even if it borrows from the phenomenology of consciousness to derive its axiomatic formulation, IIT does not initially adhere to any particular ontological position. However, its founder leans towards panpsychism. More recently, Owen has studied the pros and cons of different ontologies as a metaphysical basis for IIT, defending a hylomorphic stance where en-grounding, en-forming relations gain the upper hand in the causal narrative. This paper aims at (1) complementing Owen's work by invoking additional arguments against physicalist IIT, both reductive and non-reductive; and (2) improving Owen's characterization of non-physicalist causality through a 'nested' version of hylomorphism that avoids the combination problem of panpsychism.

Evaluation of the use of the Capes Portal of journals from the perspective of research users in administration and accounting based on the SERVQUAL scale

Purpose: The objective of this research is to evaluate the use of the Capes Portal of Periodicals from the perspective of research users in administration and accounting, and to investigate the relationship between user satisfaction with the five dimensions of the SERVQUAL model of service evaluation.&#x0D; Methodology: The scale was answered by 162 researchers in the areas of accounting and administration, who were contacted via e-mail available in the publications of Qualis A2 and B1 journals in 2017. A multiple regression analysis model was used, having the level of satisfaction (ST) as a dependent variable of the model, and as independent variables, reliability (FC), responsiveness (PR), safety (SG), empathy (EP) and tangible aspects (TG), measured through the SERVQUAL scale used. The model was tested and validated for the problems of multicollinearity (Inflation Variance Test - VIF), heteroscedasticity (Breush Pagan) and functional form (Ramsey Reset).&#x0D; Results: The predominant profile of researchers in accounting and administration are professors with doctorates in public universities, who use the portal of journals with high frequency, although they are not entirely satisfied with the service. A significant positive relationship was found between service satisfaction and the variables of tangibility, trust, security and empathy. Responsiveness was not found to be a significant variable.&#x0D; Contributions of the study: It was observed that the referred platform has many advantages, but some characteristics still leave something to be desired, shown, for example, from the assessment of the tangibility that is directly related to the interface. And also the responsiveness, which is the dimension that assesses the receptivity and feedback of the entity that operates the portal, negatively impacting satisfaction, which can be explained by the lack of contact or relationship between the user and the team responsible for operations on the Capes Portal.