Putrefaction Research Articles

Determination of the Flavoring Components in Vitex doniana Fruit Following Hydrodistillation Extraction

In traditional medicine and aromatherapy, use of essential oils and their flavor compounds have been known for the management of various human diseases. The flavor structures of black plum (Vitex doniana) sweet fruit are unavailable though widely eaten by natives. Therefore, this research is aimed at using spectroscopic techniques to identify the chemical structure of the specific flavor in the syrup responsible for its unique aroma and taste. Hydrodistillation (HD) in a Clevenger-type apparatus and GC-MS (HD-GC-MS) were used to extract the essential oil and analyse the volatile compounds (VOCs) respectively from Vitex doniana sweet fruit. 24 different volatile compounds (VOCs) were identified and grouped into eight classes of organic compounds comprising of 6 terpenes, 5 carboxylic acids, 3 ethers, 2 alcohols, 2 ketones, 2 lactones, 2 aldehydes and 2 esters. It is noteworthy that GC-MS following hydrodistillation offers invaluable information about the aroma components of the fruit, because fingerprints of volatile compounds profiles using novel extraction methods are currently highly valued due to its importance to sensory properties of foodstuffs. Therefore, characterization of the aroma compounds as markers in putrefied and fresh fruits and their products are of great importance as a quality control parameter. The sugars were then identified using a combination of 1D 1H NMR and GC-MS. Characterization of the specific sugars in black plum fruit was done using GC-MS spectroscopic techniques via derivatization. This method converts the sugars in the sample to the respective trimethylsilyl-derivatives of the sugars, which are thermally stable, volatile and amenable for GC-MS analysis. The sugars identified are Alpha.-D-Glucopyranose, Glucopyranose, D-Glucose, d-(+)-Xylose, 2-Deoxy-pentose, Glucofuranoside, beta.-D-Galactopyranoside, D-Fructose, alpha.-DL-Arabinofuranoside, alpha.-DL-Lyxofuranoside, Ribitol, 2-Keto-d-gluconic acid, D-Xylofuranose and alpha.-D-Galactopyranose as obtained from their raw area percentage based on the total ion current. In conclusion, derivatization along with the coupling of GC with MS allows invaluable information about the composition and structure of sugars.

SUICÍDIO DO ZÉ NINGUÉM

Este artigo analisa o suicídio do personagem principal da música Zé Ninguém, da banda de punk rock Garotos Podres. Zé Ninguém é um mendigo. Não tem um trabalho e nem uma família. Como não está gerando lucros é considerado irrelevante, ou mesmo inexistente. As pessoas que passam pelas ruas, no máximo, o veem como um lixo estragando a paisagem urbana. A religião, que deveria socorrer os excluídos, absorve o discurso capitalista e instrumentaliza pessoas para a lucratividade de suas instituições. Cheio de sua própria nulidade, ele se cansa de existir e comete suicídio, acabando, assim, com sua vida irrelevante. Se, por um acaso, alguém se importa, deve-se lutar pela distribuição de renda, em favor da igualdade social. A educação, cuja transformação é extremamente complexa, é crucial para a sensibilização de que existem vários Zé Ninguém e, constantemente, de maneira desumanizada, se tornam apenas pedaços de carne em putrefação.

Effectivity of Various Refrigerator Brands in Maintaining Freshness and Antioxidant Nutrient Contents of Selected Vegetables and Fruit

This study aims to compare the effect of different type of refrigerators in maintaining freshness and antioxidant-nutrient contents of selected vegetables and fruit during the period of three weeks. Randomized controlled trial study was done in Jakarta, in August–November 2019. Celeries, mushrooms and strawberries were used as samples, which were stored in four different brands of refrigerators at 80C during three weeks. Data collection included freshness using visual analogue scale, and also vitamin C, vitamin E, fiber contents and antioxidant property using colorimetric assay test, of celeries, mushrooms, strawberries at day 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 simultaneously. General-linear model was done to the repeated measurements to analyze the difference among four refrigerator brands during the three weeks period. As result, in refrigerator A®, overall freshness was maintained for two weeks for celeries and strawberries, and one week for mushrooms, compared to the other brands, i.e. B®, C® and D®. Similar findings were revealed for vitamin C, E and antioxidant properties. We also found that reduction of vitamin C, E and antioxidant property corresponded with freshness decline. Then, however, along with putrefaction, there were increase of vitamin C, E and antioxidant properties. In conclusion, refrigerator type affected the duration of vegetables and fruit freshness. Putrefaction process increased vitamin C, E content and antioxidant properties however, freshness should be more prioritized in consuming fruits and vegetables.

HYBRIDITY OF BEKSAN FLORET PURA PAKUALAMAN YOGYAKARTA: POSTCOLONIAL STUDY

During the British colonial era, there was an important momentum in the city of Yogyakarta. The important moment was the birth of a kingdom called Pura Pakualaman or Pakualaman Palace where Prince Notokusumo was known as Sri Paku Alam I. He could not be separated from the political contract between the British government and Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono II. During the reign of Sri Paduka Paku Alam IV, he was very close to the Dutch government so that most of the art of dance at that time was influenced by Dutch culture. The artworks of Sri Paku Alam IV include Srimpi Nadheg Putri, Beksan Floret, Beksan Sabel, Beksan Inum and Beksan Penthul Tembem . The object of this research was Beksan Floret . Meanwhile the method used in this study was a qualitative method with a post-colonial approach. In this study, a theory from Homi K Bhabha which explains hybridity was used. Post-colonial representations have several characteristics, including power relations, identity, ambivalence, and mimicry. Based on the results of post-colonial representation, it can be further elaborated as follows: (1). Beksan Floret reflects a split identity, (2) There is a power relation, which is legitimate, emancipatory, hierarchical and dominative, (3) Mimikri Beksan Floret itself gives birth to ideas about dynamic, creative and independent especially in costume and choreography, (4). The ambivalence of Beksan Floret is reflected in the reconstruction process. From Beksan Floret 's postcolonial representation, hybridity emerged, namely in the form of choreography, costumes and ideas. Article visualizations:

English

English

Vers, vermines, vermisseaux et autres bestioles contaminantes dans l'œuvre poétique de Charles Baudelaire

On connaît bien le bestiaire de Baudelaire pour ses grands oiseaux chargés de symboles (hiboux songeurs, cygnes égarés ou albatros spleenétiques), ses « bons » chiens ou « toutous » frétillants, et surtout ses « chats » tout empreints d'une mystérieuse et fascinante félinité. On connait moins en revanche la petite faune rampante qui semble avoir élu domicile, pour l'infester et le vivifier tout à la fois, dans le poème baudelairien. Vers, vermines, vermisseaux, mais aussi mouches, punaises, araignées, fourmis, chrysalides et autres insolites « helminthes », grouillent et prolifèrent dans les alvéoles des « vers » homonymes puisqu'aussi bien c'est dans ceux des Fleurs du mal, bien davantage que dans les proses du Spleen de Paris (en dépit de la reptilienne dédicace à Arsène Houssaye), que ce grouillement infectieux et contaminatoire parait s'exercer. Notre présente contribution, après avoir dressé rapidement l'inventaire de ce micro bestiaire vénéneux, s'attachera à en dégager la portée symbolique et surtout poétique si l'on veut bien considérer que des Memento mori comme « Une Charogne » ou « Le Flacon » sont aussi d'authentiques arts poétiques où s'opère, dans le terreau du texte, l'oxymorique travail de décomposition / recréation porté par ces « infâmes » petites bestioles. « De la vaporisation et de la centralisation du Moi. Tout est là », proclamera le premier fragment de Mon cœur mis à nu. Rien de tel en effet que de « noirs bataillons de larves » pour effectuer ce paradigmatique retournement de l'organique putréfié et pulvérisé au poétique reconfiguré et sublimé.

The Combination of Fantasy and Reality of Mao Dun’s Literature -Focus on the works written in the early 1930’s and Fushi (腐蝕, Putrefaction)-

The Combination of Fantasy and Reality of Mao Dun’s Literature -Focus on the works written in the early 1930’s and Fushi (腐蝕, Putrefaction)-

Verbal Language Method Application in Effort of Increasing the Communicating Capability of Hearing-Impaired Child of Early Age From 6-7 Years Old

This research aims to increase communicating capability of hearing-impaired child of early age through verbal language method. This research was implemented at Poyowa Besar Primary School of Special Needs at Kotamobagu City. The research method used in this research was action research. The conclusion of this research result was that there was an increase of communicating capability on two hearing-impaired children researched at cycle I, it obtained outcome percentage of 10 %, at cycle II, it obtained 20%, and at cycle III, there was 80%. Based on that analysis result data, it says that percentage of preliminary research from cycle I, to cycle II, and cycle III underwent the increase. How to cite Putri, N. (2014). Verbal Language Method Application in Effort of Increasing the Communicating Capability of Hearing-Impaired Child of Early Age From 6-7 Years Old. Indonesian Journal Of Early Childhood Education Studies , 3(1), 14-17. doi:10.15294/ijeces.v3i1.9470

Methods of eliminating putrefaction in TCM surgery

Eliminating putrefaction is a characteristic therapy in TCM surgery. It is more inclusive, reliable and safer nowadays after development for thousands of years. From the 20(th) century, with the development of science and technology, personal injury resulting from heavy metals has drawn more and more attention. Many drugs with heavy metal ingredients such as arsenic, mercury and lead were forbidden in clinical practice. This therapy had played an important role in Chinese medical history and it should not be abandoned as refraining from treatment with a necessary method for fear of a slight risk. With a long history, various methods of eliminating putrefaction have been developed by doctors, especially doctors in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The thoughts and experience of those doctors are still well worth learning and researching.

腐敗と発酵のはざまの研究生活で垣間見たもの

腐敗と発酵のはざまの研究生活で垣間見たもの

発酵と腐敗を分けるもの

発酵と腐敗を分けるもの

Sorption of heavy metals from polluted water and their migration in the system soil‐tree

Abstract Large amounts of various contaminants are transported via natural processes from technogenic pollution sources to air, water, soil and natural ecosystems. Heavy metals (HM) are very hazardous substances having long‐lasting impact on ecosystems. They have complex negative impact on human health, animals, flora and fauna at watercourses and microflora of wastewater. Often concentration of HM exceeds maximal available concentration in wastewater. HM enter forests in their wet and dry forms from local or outer atmosphere sources; they are also brought from seas alongside with biogens and sea salt or washed from putrid or putrescent plants that concentrate in the soil or they are brought by wind or water together with mineral particles. Monitoring of forests determined that contaminants, i e HM inhibit energetic status of a tree and cause increase of tree sensitivity to diseases. In this paper the most commonly met HM, such as Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu and Co, are analysed. Pollution with HM can be reduced, ...

Deformation, Mutilation, and Putrefaction: The Early Foix

Deformation, Mutilation, and Putrefaction: The Early Foix

Anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis.

Clinical features of 46 patients with anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis were compared with those of patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The presenting features in these 2 groups were comparable in terms of fever, leukocyte count, and radiographic abnormalities. In only 2 patients with anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis was putrid sputum noted on initial evaluation. None of the patients with anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis had shaking chills, although this was reported by nearly one half of those with pneumococcal pneumonia. The response to treatment with antimicrobial drugs was comparable in the 2 groups, except that 20% of patients with anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis subsequently developed pulmonary abscesses, despite the use of antimicrobial agents presumed to be active against the infecting flora. There was also a high incidence of bronchogenic neoplasms among patients who had anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis in the absence of an associated condition that would predispose to aspiration. The findings of this review suggest that anaerobic bacterial pneumonitis may be difficult to distinguish from pneumococcal pneumonia on the basis of clinical presentation.

Studies on the Relation between Kind of Oil, Kind of Pocking Paper and Putrefaction of Oily Foodstuffs

Studies on the Relation between Kind of Oil, Kind of Pocking Paper and Putrefaction of Oily Foodstuffs

EXPERIENCES IN THE PROCESS OF PUTREFACTION IN CORPSES BURIED IN EARTH.

EXPERIENCES IN THE PROCESS OF PUTREFACTION IN CORPSES BURIED IN EARTH.

Effects of Water on the Putrefaction of Fishes

Effects of Water on the Putrefaction of Fishes

清酒もろみ腐造の研究

清酒もろみ腐造の研究

Changes in the stainability of muscle with azan in the course of putrefaction

Changes in the stainability of muscle with azan in the course of putrefaction

腐敗毒の研究 (第1報)

腐敗毒の研究 (第1報)