Push Button Switch Research Articles

Real-time Vital Signs Monitoring and Data Management Using a Low-Cost IoT-based Health Monitoring System

This study describes the creation and evaluation of a low-cost internet of things (IoT)-based health monitoring system for the continuous monitoring of vital signs such as temperature, pulse rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2) and blood pressure (BP) (both systolic and diastolic). Along with an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display and an ESP8266 microcontroller, the system includes BP, non-contact temperature, SpO2 and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors. Using the visual programming tool, Node-RED, the data from these sensors are gathered, processed and transmitted to the Google Cloud platform for archival and visualisation. The process involved mounting the sensors and microcontrollers on a special printed circuit board and designing the circuit with EasyEDA. The device measures systolic, diastolic and pulse rates from the BP sensor, as well as temperature, ECG and SpO2 values. The system works by using three push switches to read and display these values on demand. The gathered data are simultaneously shown on the OLED and sent to the Node-RED dashboard, where it is then sent to a Google Spreadsheet for archiving and analysis. This research article gives a thorough overview of the health monitoring system, the way it was implemented, and how it was successfully validated in a real-time setting. This study examines certain vital signs but additional health measures, such as respiration rate or glucose monitoring, could be included. Machine learning algorithms could also be used for predictive analytics. This would uncover data anomalies and trends early, improving healthcare management.

PEMBUATAN ALAT PERAGA ELEKTRO PNEUMATIK SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN

The very rapid technological developments in the industrial world must also be accompanied by the development of world education, therefore the Mechanical Engineering Study Program of the Joint Hope Polytechnic of Tegal City provides courses on Pneumatic and Hydraulic Systems to bridge automation system students, but in the implementation of the teaching and learning process based on the results of understanding Researchers openly to students, can deny that the teaching and learning process lacks visualization tools. Seeing this condition, the researcher aims to build an automation system tool that combines a full pneumatic trainer control system and an electro-pneumatic trainer system using the analytical method. these components consist of 1). Double acting cylinder, 2). Single acting cylinder, 3). Air regulator with flow meter, 4). 5/2 Selenoid valve 220 VAC and 3/2 selenoid valve 220 VAC, 5). Limit switch, 6). Proximity sensor, 7). Push-button switch, 8). 24 VDC DC relay, 9). Pilot lamp, 10). Power supply unit 220 VAC, VDC, 11). Air filter regulator, the material for the electro-pneumatic trainer frame uses 4x4 mm hollow iron and aluminum profiles, 1100mm high, 1000mm long, A4 size 5mm acrylic material. The results of the design and development using the analytical method obtained an electro-pneumatic electro-pneumatic trainer system which visualizes the teaching and learning process of mutual hope polytechnic students.

Enhancing gait cadence through rhythm-modulated music: A study on healthy adults

Gait disorders stemming from brain lesions or chemical imbalances, pose significant challenges for patients. Proposed treatments encompass medication, deep brain stimulation, physiotherapy, and visual stimulation. Music, with its harmonious structures, serves as a continuous reference, synchronizing muscle activities through neural connections between hearing and motor functions, can show promise in gait disorder management. This study explores the influence of heightened music rhythm on young healthy participants' gait cadence in three conditions: FeedForward (independent rhythm), FeedBack (cadence-synced rhythm), and Adaptive (cadence-controlled musical experience). The objective is to increase gait cadence through rhythm modulation during walking. The study involved 18 young healthy participants (13 males and 5 females) who did not have any gait or hearing disorders. Each participant completed the gait task in the three aforementioned conditions. Each condition was comprised of three sessions: 1) Baseline, where participants walked while listening to the original music; 2) Intervention, changing the music rhythm to affect the gait cadence; and 3) Realign, replaying the original music and measuring the durability of the effect of the Intervention session. The measurement tool was a pair of footwear equipped with push-button switches that transmited the foot-to-ground contact to the LabVIEW® software, all designed by the research team. Repeated measures of ANOVA was employed to evaluate the impact of the sessions and conditions. In all three conditions, there was a significant effect of music on increasing gait cadence during Intervention and Realign sessions (p<0.001). Additionally, the immediate impact of music on gait cadence in the Adaptive condition was superior to the other conditions. The study findings indicate that increasing the rhythm of music during walking has a significant impact on gait cadence among young healthy participants. This effect remained significant even after realigning the music to normal. It could be harnessed to support the rehabilitation of individuals with movement disorders characterized by a decrease in movement speed, such as Parkinson's disease. Moreover, the results indicate that the Adaptive method showed promising outcomes, suggesting its potential for further exploration as an effective means to control gait cadence.

DESIGN OF A FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM RUDDER SIMULATOR ON AN ARDUINO UNO-BASED BOEING 737-900ER AIRCRAFT AS A SUPPORTING FACILITY FOR PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES AT THE SURABAYA AVIATION POLYTECHNIC

Pneumatic system or bleed air has the aim to provide information in performing troubleshoot techniques and maintenance procedures on engine bleed air system components. Engine bleed air system is a system that produces compressed air from engine rotation. This process can produce compressed air that enters the system needed by the aircraft, taking into account low pressure, overpressure and overheat. With overheat conditions in the pneumatic system on the current aircraft, the author designs a Pneumatic system simulator when overheating occurs on this aircraft using simple electronic objects and components that have functions and working principles resembling the original system. The incoming power supply provides 12 V power which is then flowed through a stepdown regulator to reduce the voltage to 5 V which is used to supply the LED lamp, pushbutton switch, temperature sensor, and Arduino. When the temperature sensor detects a temperature that exceeds the predetermined limit, the Arduino will provide input to the LED lamp to light up. Pneumatic system simulator tool when overheating occurs in engine bleed water does not work if there is one component not connected or incorrect installation and not as expected. In the initial stage of the experiment where this hot gun is an example of media when simulated, namely as a compressor to produce hot air. In the first experiment set at a temperature of 29C, the overheat indicator lamp did not turn on. And at a temperature of 30C, the overheat indicator lamp is also still not lit. At this temperature 31C, the overheat indicator lamp and also the fault indicator lamp are lit. That indicates that the temperature has touched the maximum limit or has exceeded the maximum limit.

Design and Implementation of Remote Controlling System Using GAN in Optical Camera Communication

This article illustrates the controlling mechanism along with data transmission using optical camera communication in both line-of-sight and non-line-of sight (NLOS) environment. The transmitter of the system is mainly composite of microcontroller (Arduino Mega), DHT sensor, two LEDs, and four push button switches. Here, two LEDs are continuously transmitting the control and data signal. The control signal is operated through push button switches. We have used four different control signals that are transmitted from the LEDs and data transmission by collecting data from the surrounding through the temperature and humidity sensor. The entire transmitter operations are processed and controlled through arduino programming in a microcontroller. The COOK modulation technique is used for this system. For data reception, we have used laptop's camera that is controlled through five different exposure times and operated based on the rolling shutter effect of the camera. A logistic regression algorithm is applied to recognize the data transmitting LED from the normalized intensity of the stripe patterns. The receiver is capable to collect data under certain conditions, if the light source is obstructed by an object through deep neural network. Again, Generative Adversial Network (GAN) is used as a decoder to reduce the BER during moving scenario and NLOS conditions. Different activation functions are used in the GAN model to find the optimum solution for the system. However, we have archived the maximum 2.5 m communication distance with 10-4 BER. The receiver program is designed using Python 3.8.

SYSTEMIC REVIEW ON VOICE ACTUATED SMART HOPITAL BED

During the 20th century, medical beds underwent technological advancements, especially making them smarter in patient care. The past fifteen years have brought various changes in the concept of smart bed technology, but no definitive evidence of the project's existence has been presented. These and previous systems typically use at least one push button or pressure-sensitive type switch to implement various control and articulation capabilities. Smart beds are designed to assist patients with mobility issue as it will allow them to control bed movement by themself and help them return to normal movement more quickly, with the presence of a monitoring system that alerts nursing staff when patients move and leave the bed with side rails. This type of high-end bed contributes greatly to the recovery of the patient's physical condition, health and activity because it is the main factor in achieving this goal, according to studies that have confirmed that the patient's movement during hospital stay as contributed to his quick recovery and early discharge from the hospital.

Purwarupa Penghapus Papan Tulis Otomoatis guna Meningkatkan Efektifitas Proses Belajar Mengajar di Sekolah Dasar

In general, primary and secondary schools still erase the blackboard manually. These activities will take up study time in the classroom and can even cause clothes to become dirty. From these problems, an innovation based on microcontroller technology is proposed to clean the blackboard by pressing the push switch. This automatic whiteboard uses a servo that will function as a drive that will move the eraser to clean the board. The micro servo can move because it is connected to the Arduino Uno that has been programmed. The workings of this blackboard eraser prototype are when the switch is pressed, and the micro servo will move the eraser with a large angle of rotation direction that is 90 ° from the bottom up repeatedly until the whiteboard is clean. The research process began with the Double Diamond approach introduced by the British Design Council. It was a design process using a social approach by conducting activities with prospective users of innovation, which are integrated with an approach with design thinking to produce technology-based innovations that are beneficial to candidates that users. After getting the primary solution, it will proceed with making a simple prototype that will be used to test the functions and benefits with potential users. From the results of testing with prospective users, obtained satisfactory results in terms of ease of use of technology, the benefits of innovation, and function in prototypes.

SISTEM PENGATUR TIMER MEKANISME DAN SUHU PADA ALAT PENGASAPAN IKAN

This research aims to facilitate a more even fish maturation process due to the rotation process of the fish rack which is regulated by the system in Mechanism Timer and Temperature at the Fish Smoking machine. The smoking machine can also make it easier for people to smoke fish. It has an overall height of 150 cm, door height of 110 cm, Fuel tank height of 30 cm, and foot height of 10 cm, in the fish smoking room there are 2 fish tray racks. The fuel for the smoking machine uses coconut husk and the coconut shell is equipped with a Digital Thermostat to read the temperature in the room and is also equipped with a Thermohygro to read the humidity in the room. The working principle of this tool is that the first step is to connect the multi-plug to the power source, from the power source to the MCB, the MCB gets current and when the MCB is turned on, the current enters the Push Button Switch, and when the Push Button On is pressed, the red light turns on, indicating there is the current that enters the Digital Thermostat digital from the Thermostat to the plug terminal, from the plug terminal to the Timer and from the Timer to the Power Supply From the Power Supply changes the current from 220 volts to 12 volts when the green light is on then the Power Window functions by moving the fish rack tray.

SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

In today’s busy schedule work life, we tend to have a on the go lifestyle. It means that we want to work throughout the day with minimum time. We try to save time in each task of our daily life to do more stuff. In such life whenever we fall ill or get cough or cold like symptoms we seek medical help. We don’t run to a doctor for treatment for such mild illness. If we get the same treatment at our home then it will save more time as well as we can get immediate medication. On the above principle “Smart Healthcare System” works. This device acts as a virtual doctor. Firstly it will display the list of symptoms which are commonly experienced by people in day-to-day life which will be mid illness or diseases. We have to select the symptom that we are facing and the medicine box will rotate and open the portion of the box which contains medicine for the same symptom. Additionally, if we know the medicine name or the doctor asked us to take the medicine, we can select the same medicine from the medicine list which can displayed on the screen. Upon selecting we get the medicine from the box. The medicines which are kept in the box are recommended by doctors. So there will be no such hesitation to the person taking medicines from the medicine box. Keywords – Push switches, 20x4 LCD display, Stepper motor, Medicine box, Step angle.

Construction of a Power Source Protective Device

One of the major problems encountered in power electronics is that associated with voltage irregularity and instability (excess or under voltage). Devices from simple Cut-off fuse to sophisticated voltage Regulators, TV guards, etc. have been built to protect appliances and keep them functioning optimally. This is protecting appliances from power sources. What about protecting power sources against appliances? When appliances demand more power than a source is capable, it often leads to interruption in the operation or sometimes damages in the power source. In this work, we have designed, constructed and tested an electronic device to protect low power sources (such as domestic electric generators, inverter systems, etc.) especially when an attempt to drive heavy power appliances is made. This device was designed based on the operation of automatic switches which make use of microcontrollers. Use was made of a 10A relay that switches the line, a relay driver circuit to drive the main relay, an arduino Uno board that contains the set of instructions, a dc power supply, a 15A socket, a pushbutton switch and two indicator lights. The testing showed that generally, appliances connected to the device will not get energized, even though the appliance’s power button is ON. At this point, only a red LED will be glowing showing that the device is receiving power but the power is not transferred to the load. When the user is sure that the power source can drive the appliance(s), the pushbutton switch is pressed and the green LED also begins to glow, showing that the appliance is powered. This result is exactly what the circuit is meant to achieve.

Study about Push Button Switch with LCD which Considered Elderly Person

Study about Push Button Switch with LCD which Considered Elderly Person

Improving tactile feedback during push switch operation using intelligible operating sound

Improving tactile feedback during push switch operation using intelligible operating sound

Four different mechanisms for switching cell polarity.

The mechanisms and design principles of regulatory systems establishing stable polarized protein patterns within cells are well studied. However, cells can also dynamically control their cell polarity. Here, we ask how an upstream signaling system can switch the orientation of a polarized pattern. We use a mathematical model of a core polarity system based on three proteins as the basis to study different mechanisms of signal-induced polarity switching. The analysis of this model reveals four general classes of switching mechanisms with qualitatively distinct behaviors: the transient oscillator switch, the reset switch, the prime-release switch, and the push switch. Each of these regulatory mechanisms effectively implements the function of a spatial toggle switch, however with different characteristics in their nonlinear and stochastic dynamics. We identify these characteristics and also discuss experimental signatures of each type of switching mechanism.

Liquid-metal capillary switch for electrical power application

Liquid-metal (LM) electrical switches have been desired for decades to overcome intrinsic shortcomings of traditional mechanical switches equipped with solid contacts. Existing LM electrical switches, functioning via solid-liquid wetting or liquid droplet actuation, mostly focus on low current and small signal switches. In this Letter, a LM switch aiming at a power-level current switch has been proposed. A proof-of-concept prototype was fabricated via encapsulating Galinstan droplets into a silicone matrix. The device switches on a circuit when LM droplets are squeezed into a capillary channel to coalesce. The switch-off process with arc burning is realized by capillary breakup of the LM bridge and high-speed contact separation driven by a pressure difference contributed by Laplace pressure, electrical arc pressure, and atmospheric pressure. Switching off 0.5 A–5 A current under DC 220 V within 0.13–1.69 ms, the device demonstrates a high-speed current interruption ability compared to two kinds of commercial push-button switches. A high-speed camera is utilized to visualize the LM switch's current interruption process. In such a situation, the LM contacts exhibit a separation speed up to 3.85 m/s. Apart from the pressure difference, a slip layer between the LM and capillary wall also plays an important role in driving LM contacts. The LM switch has potential for applications in communication and control equipment acquiring a fast switch of the electrical power signal. This paper offers a framework for designing the LM switch dealing with intense electrical discharge.

Pengembangan aplikasi raspberry pi sebagai mesin survei kepuasan pelanggan

This customer satisfaction survey machine was created to facilitate the survey process that will be used in the framework of the feedback process. This feedback is used as an evaluation material to continuously improve servants. This machine is made of Raspberry Pi as a mini personal computer (PC), which is equipped with a push button switch button as a survey input, as well as a 32 inch TV screen as a display. The programming language used is python, with Graphic User Interface (GUI) using Tkinter programming. From the survey engine, it can be seen a report on the number of respondents taking the survey. In addition, this tool can record survey data and present it in graphical form as a report.

ARDUINO-BASED VEHICLE FUEL THEFT DETECTOR SYSTEM

Fuel shortage is a common problem in Indonesia. This prompted many cases of vehicle fuel theft. As a solution to this problem, an Arduino-based vehicle fuel theft detector system is implemented. Arduino-based vehicle fuel theft detector system is a prototype that uses Arduino UNO as a microcontroller, IComSat v1.1 SIM900 GSM/GPRS Shield to communicate with mobile phone, fuel level sensor as a volume detector, and push button as a detector to check whether the fuel tank’s lid is open or closed. The working principle of this system is to detect the state of the fuel tank lid. When the lid is open, the system will make a phone call. Then, the system will keep track of fuel volume. If there is a drastic decrease in volume, the system will send information about the decreasing volume in the form of a short message to the owner of the vehicle. The success rate of the communication system between Arduino UNO and other electronic devices is 100%. Accuracy of fuel level sensor is 90%. Success rate of push button switch in detecting the state of fuel tank’s lid is 100%. Success rate of GSM Shield communication is 90%.

Enhanced Steering and Drive Adaptations of Modified Ride-On Toy Cars for Improved Directional Control in Very Young Children With Severe Multiple Developmental Impairments.

Background and Purpose: One emerging power mobility device (PMD) option that has gained recognition as a means for a cost-effective introduction to power mobility for young children is the battery powered modified ride-on toy car. Many groups, nationally and internationally, have been modifying battery powered ride-on toy cars by adding seating support and a large center placed push button switch for motor activation. The purpose of this technical report is to introduce an enhanced steering and drive system based on proportional control through a joystick.Key Points: This report offers (1) a technical description of these modifications that allow directional steering and programmable starting and driving velocity, (2) an example of a modified ride on toy, including common seating modifications, and (3) a short summary of results from a group of 7 children under the age of six with complex, severe disabilities.Clinical Impact: Although proportional joystick modifications are more complex than the common single switch activation, they allow children greater control to achieve self-initiated, self-directed movement that allow play, peer interaction, and exploration in their natural environments, even in the most highly complex cases. All seven children were able to intentionally self-initiate activation of the modified ride-on car and experience the subsequent movement.

PENGENDALI LAMPU KANTOR MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE ASSISTANT DAN ADAFRUIT. IO BERBASIS NODEMCU ESP8266

This study discusses the implementation of office light control automation implementedin the PT. TELECOMMUNICATION MENES BANTEN Banten Province, using googleassistant and adafruit.io based on nodemcu esp8266. In this era of developingtechnology, controlling automation is very much needed, because it can control andcontrol electronic devices easily and more efficiently. The problems faced by the PT.Telkom Menes Banten, namely still using the manual system on the push button switch on/ off to operate the lights and the lack of utilization of technological devices such as relays,nodemcu esp8266 and internet service providers. In this regard, the author tries to takeadvantage of technological devices and implement a tool, namely the automation of officelight controllers in the PT. Telkom Menes Banten. This research will explain about theimplementation carried out until the final result of the automation of office lightcontrollers in the PT. Telkom Menes Banten, so that it can be applied and used as areference for the future.

Tampilan Nama Hari Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno Menggunakan Saklar Tekan pada Project Board

Arduino Uno is a variant of Arduino microcontroller board products. Arduino Uno uses AVR Atmega 328 microcontroller. With various advantages, In appearance (Display) the name of the day using Arduino Uno microcontroller technology is usually directly programmed. But sometimes the design of tools is moved when uploading the Arduino integrated development environment (IDE) program, therefore a push button (push button) is used to change the appearance of the day's name. For this study using a push switch (Push Button) in overcoming the error.

The Application of Push Button Switch as Inverse Kinematics Input on Adaptive Walking Method for Hexapod Robot

Any kinds of natural disaster are undesirable. Loss and damage are the most experienced as they come. Property and people have to be relieved, and it's not an easy matter. Among the deaths caused by buildings, some may still be alive and need helps as soon as possible, but this is too risky for the rescue team since the location is still in dangerous level. Therefore, we created the detector hexapod robot to replace the tasks of the rescue teams in searching for the victims of the disasters, so there are no more victims from the rescue team. The hexapod robot is a six-legged robot which shapes and runs like a spider. This research focuses on the analysis of the push button switch as a robotic foot control input. This is because walking technique is an effective major factor in navigation of robots. A good method is required to maintain the height of the robot's foot while it is walking. So to solve this, the push button switch application is used along with the inverse kinematics calculations on each routine program in adjusting the position of the end effector on the floor surface. In shifting, the navigation runs well without any failure if the position of the foot does not touch the floor. The test is done in 2 steps, comparing the inverse kinematics calculations with x and y inputs which are applied to the robot program code then comparing the travel time condition by using push button switch and without push button switch. The result of robot in this study can be re-developed in the future, using servos with greater torque and better control input than push button switch.