Punishment System Research Articles

Factors Associated with Unsafe Actions for Kujang Boga Factory Workers, Bubulak Village, West Bogor District, Bogor City in 2023

Work accidents that occur are influenced by 2 (two) direct causes, namely unsafe action and unsafe conditions. Based on preliminary study data at the Kujang Boga Village Factory, data on unsafe actions such as smoking at work by as many as 25% of 36 workers, not wearing PPE when opening the oven by as much as 25%, and doing work with an unergonomic posture as much as 50% of all these unsafe actions can cause work accidents. This type of research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 36 Kujang Boga Factory workers with total sampling techniques. The data analysis used is chi-square. The results of the study obtained variables related to unsafe actions, namely knowledge variables (value = 0.001), work attitude variables (p-value = 0.003), PPE availability variables (p-value = 0.000), and K3 supervision variables (p-value = 0.003) while variables that were not related to unsafe actions were motivation (p-value = 0.468). This study concludes that there is a relationship between knowledge, work attitudes, availability of PPE, and K3 sup,ervision with unsafe actions on Kujang Boga Factory workers, Bubulak Village, West Bogor District, Bogor City in 2023. Suggestions for prelude factories to provide PPE with good quality and can be affordable by factory funds and create a reward and punishment system for workers.

Legal Analysis Of Combating Bullying In Children As An Act Of Violence In The Analysis Of Law Number 35 Of 2014 Amending Law Number 23 Of 2002

The purpose of this research is to analyze the prevention of bullying against children, which can be categorized as a criminal act under Law Number 35 of 2014 amending Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning child protection, as well as to analyze the punishment system used in criminal acts of bullying against children. This study employs a research approach based on primary legal materials by examining theories, concepts, legal principles, and regulations. The research results indicate that forms of bullying against children categorized as criminal acts are found in the Child Protection Law: Article 54 and Article 76C of the Child Protection Law, and in the Criminal Code: Defamation (Article 310 paragraph 1), Deprivation of Liberty (Article 333), Unpleasant Conduct (Article 335), and Assault (Article 351). The punishment system used for bullying perpetrators is divided into various types of punishment. Criminal punishments for children who are perpetrators of bullying take the form of warnings, religious guidance, non-institutional rehabilitation, community service or supervision, vocational training, institutional rehabilitation, and imprisonment.

THE EFFECT OF WORK MOTIVATION AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH REWARD AND PUNISHMENT AS MODERATION VARIABLES (CASE STUDY : PT SALIM IVOMAS PRATAMA KOTA PEKANBARU)

The era of globalization where every company must compete to maintain and develop its existence, including PT Salim Ivomas Pratama. The main activities of PT Salim Ivomas Pratama start from research, seeding, processing to marketing, the complexity of all activities at PT Salim Ivomas Pratama must be supported by qualified employees and good human resource management. . One of the important elements to improve employee performance is motivation and work discipline. While the reward and punishment system plays a role in maintaining the motivation of high-performing employees. The study aims to determine the effect of work motivation and work discipline on employee performance with reward and punishment as mediation variables. Quantitative research using SEM-PLS analysis with the help of SmartPLS application version 3.0. The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire with a total of 132 respondents. The results of the study found that reward and punishment variables mediate work motivation variables on employee performance by providing a positive and significant influence shown through calculated values of 2.441< 1,979 tables and p-values of 0.015 < 0.05. Furthermore, reward and punishment can mediate between the variability of work discipline on employee performance positively and significantly indicated by a calculated value of 4.323< 1,979 ttable and p-value 0.000< 0.05Keyword: Work Motivation, Work Discipline, Employee Performance and Reward And Punishment

Феномен системы уголовных наказаний

The article examines the phenomenon of the system of criminal penalties, focuses on the opinions of scientists regarding the term of the system of criminal penalties, characterizing its features, and also analyzes these features through the prism of domestic experience. As a result of the conducted research, we agree with a group of scientists who consider the system of criminal penalties as a set of criminal penalties that are in a state of various forms of interaction with each other and other legal measures. Turning to the question of the signs of the system of punishments, the author notes their variability, dependence on the development of the state and law at the moment.

Discussion on Methods and Measures of Road and Bridge Construction Project Management

In the process of domestic economic construction, various road and bridge engineering projects have started construction, which is of great significance for the development of the domestic economy and is also the key to the national economy and people's livelihood. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the construction and management of bridge projects. This article discusses the significance and importance of project management in road and bridge engineering construction, and explores its project management strategies. In recent years, the construction scope of road and bridge projects in many regions of China has expanded, putting forward more and higher requirements for road and bridge project management. This article explores the management methods and strategies for road and bridge construction projects, aiming to enhance project management efforts and strengthen project construction quality. This article combines its own construction experience and determines the importance of road and bridge project construction management based on reference method and case analysis method. From construction practice, it can be concluded that in the new era of road and bridge construction, it is necessary to focus on implementing the project manager responsibility system and strengthening the construction of project management teams. Properly manage materials and labor, reasonably apply mechanical equipment, formulate a comprehensive personnel reward and punishment system, summarize construction management experience, improve various project management systems, select targeted management methods, and improve the effectiveness of project construction.

Restorative Justice in Education: A Content Analysis of US State Legislation From 2010 to 2020

This study sought to understand how state-level policies inform and promote the implementation of restorative justice in education (RJE). A content analysis of 60 laws revealed that definitions, structures, and supports varied greatly, causing us to question whether policies support a systematic implementation of RJE and how policies can prevent the misuse of RJE as an alternative system of punishment. We recommend that laws clearly define the paradigm shift underlying RJE, and provide sustained support to promote a realignment of policies and practices with attention to incorporating measures of accountability to larger values surrounding equity and justice.

Regulatory strategies of water environment treatment PPP projects operation

PurposeThe operation of water environment treatment Public-Private Partnership projects (WETP-PPP) is crucial to the project effectiveness. However, there are often problems in projects that attach importance to construction and neglect operation management, which seriously affect the project operation effect. To ensure the good operation effect of the WETP-PPP, an evolutionary game model of the regulation strategy during the operation period of WETP-PPP is constructed.Design/methodology/approachAn evolutionary game model of regulation is established which considers the government, the project company and the public in water environment treatment Public-Private Partnership projects (WETP-PPP). Five scenarios of equilibriums and the game's evolutionary stable strategies are analyzed, and the corresponding stability conditions are then obtained. Finally, through the simulation, the influence of different factors on the choice of the three-party strategy is analyzed.FindingsFirst, the key factors that affect the evolution game are the regulation costs and performance rewards of the government, the project company's operation costs and penalties for opportunism and the public supervision costs and rewards. Second, in order to ensure the operation effect, the government needs the performance incentive from the superior government. Third, the public's supervision enthusiasm needs to be mobilized by the government. Last, the penalty strength of speculative operation should be strong enough to play a deterrent role.Research limitations/implicationsThe theoretical research in this paper has some limitations. Initially, due to the large number of participants in WETP-PPP, in addition to the government department, the project company and the public studied in this paper, it also involves the consulting industry and financial institutions. In the future, more participants can be added to form four-party interest relationships and conduct four-party evolutionary game research. Second, the operation environment of WETP-PPP is complex and changeable, and various influencing factors are intertwined, the number of parameters involved in this paper is limited, and further detailed research is needed in the future.Practical implicationsBased on the evolutionary game theory, this article discusses the evolution law of the tripartite game behavior of the government department, the project company and the public, which is helpful to clarify the strategy evolution path of the tripartite in the WETP-PPP, and the generation condition and evolution mechanism of the equilibrium strategy of the tripartite game. The key parameters affecting the tripartite strategy selection are analyzed through simulation, which can provide reference for the government department to formulate relevant measures. At the same time, it broadens the application field of evolutionary games and supplements the research on the management mechanism of WETP-PPP during the operation period.Social implicationsBased on the evolutionary game theory, this paper introduces the supervision behavior of the public, which can provide a new perspective for researchers to conduct relevant research. Secondly, for the regulation during the operation of WETP-PPP, this paper can provide reference for the government department to establish a scientific public supervision system, improve the government supervision mechanism and other relevant measures, which can help promote the public supervision willingness, improve the regulation efficiency of the government and guide the project company to reduce speculation, so as to ensure the effect of water environment management.Originality/valueThis paper focuses on the regulation of WETP-PPP during the operation period to research interactions among the government, the project company and the public. Based on the analysis of the evolutionary game, some suggestions are put forward, such as perfecting the government regulation mechanism, optimizing the reward and punishment system for the project company and broadening the channels of public supervision. The research results of this paper can provide support for the government's regulation of WETP-PPP and ensure the project operation effect.

Factors Influencing Crowdworkers’ Continued Participation Behavior in Crowdsourcing Logistics: A Textual Analysis of Comments from Online Platforms

With the lazy economy’s rise in the digital era, the demand for crowdsourcing logistics delivery is increasing. In this process, the continued participation of crowdworkers has been a considerable challenge. In order to further clarify the influencing factors of crowdworkers’ continuous participation and better and targeted incentives for their participative behavior, we use ROST-CM 6.0 software to conduct textual analysis on 3000 comments from crowdworkers on China’s Meituan and Hummingbird crowdsourcing logistics platforms. The results show that the order dispatch system, reward and punishment system, and platforms’ service are the key factors concerned by crowdworkers. The total negative sentiment among crowdworkers regarding crowdsourcing logistics platforms is close to 20%. We also find that crowdsourcing logistics platforms still have room for improvement in the quantity and quality of orders dispatched, the evaluation factors and the appeal system for reward and punishment rules, and the freedom and flexibility of distribution work. Otherwise, this might lead to a trust issue between crowdworkers and the crowdsourcing logistics platform. Based on the research findings, we recommend that the crowdsourcing logistics platforms should enhance service awareness, provide a better work experience for crowdworkers, and optimize platform functions. The government should act as a regulator as well as a service provider. This paper’s innovations include methodologically, from the perspective of the crowdworkers, online comment texts are used to mine the behavioral factors that influence the crowdworker’s continued participation in crowdsourcing logistics; content-wise, it adds fresh insights to existing research on how the order allocation system and platform reward and punishment mechanisms affect the crowdworkers’ continuous participation behavior.

Government Budgetary Slack (Case Study at The Directorate General of Highways Ministry of Public Works and Housing)

The purpose of this study is to get an in-depth picture of how the practice of revenue budget gaps in the public sector can occur and the factors that drive it. This research uses qualitative research methods with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through interviews and supported by documentation and direct observation, the informants involved in this study were managers responsible for the revenue budgeting process at each level. The practice of budget gaps is more aimed at avoiding the risk of not achieving the target, this is also because there is no reward and punishment system for achieving revenue targets. The results showed that pseudo-budget participation and information asympization triggered budget gaps. Factors The lack of strict supervision in the budgeting process and access to stagnant information make the budget gap continue to occur. The risk of this gap practice is that the organization does not know the true optimal potential and the loss of potential income from asset utilization.

Prevention of Destructive Fishing Practices: Prospects and Challenges in Law Reform

Destructive fishing practices have been identified as a common problem in the Northern Province, Sri Lanka. The major causes for destructive fishing in Northern region are increasing the demand for fish consumption, lack of alternative jobs for early dropout schoolchildren, increased gear efficiency, policy failure of existing laws, and poaching by Indian and Southern migratory fishers. The dynamiting, bottom trawling, monofilament net, stake net, brush pile fisheries, purse seines and scuba diving have been identified as the most common destructive fishing practices in the Northern region. Consequences of destructive fishing practices include unintentional killing of target and non-target fish and other marine organisms, hampering local fishing activities such as operations of gill nets and fiber plastic boats and threatening environmentally sensitive marine ecosystems in Sri Lanka. The entire fishing sector in Sri Lanka is regulated by mainly the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Act No. 2 of 1996 and the Fisheries Act No. 59 of 1979 enacted by the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DFAR). The Fisheries Act No. 59 of 1979 prohibits fishing by foreign boats in Sri Lankan waters with provisions to impose penalties for any violations. However, major loopholes which are not included in the act comprise of type of fishing gear, methods and harmful material that are prohibited and specific penalty system for usage of banned fishing gear, materials and methods. At the international level, Sri Lanka has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) established to outline a legal framework for all marine and maritime activities. Furthermore, the major international instruments ratified by Sri Lanka are “The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), The Conservation of Biological Diversity (CBD), and The Conservation on International Trade in Endangered species (CITES). However, these legal instruments have not been regulated in the Sri Lankan fishing sector. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the existing laws with proper law enforcement while considering geographical regions, type and abundance of marine resources, oceanography, ecology, social aspects and regular monitoring system of fishing practices to maintain the sustainability of marine resources.

The influence of e-learning on the study life and psychology of medical freshmen

Abstract Background Following the COVID-19 outbreak, people have been fighting the pandemic for 2 years. Throughout the course of civilization, human beings are never the party of compromise. After a period of exploration, people's lives began to undergo adaptive changes. At the same time, the exposed problems are also becoming increasingly serious. The new virus has forced people to adopt quarantine and control to avoid its spread in the population. As is known, medical studies are notoriously difficult and challenging; therefore, whether such a situation would have an impact on medical freshmen led to the study. Methods Based on the literature review, factor analysis, and structural equation model, we explore the relationship between learning cognition, learning behavior, and learning environment during online learning for medical freshmen. Learning behaviors include interactive communication, self-discipline mechanism, and learning in class and after class. The learning environment includes the learning environment and the network environment. Findings It was found that learning behavior has a significant positive influence on learning cognition. Although the direct influence of the learning environment on learning cognition is not significant, it can positively influence learning behavior and then promote learning cognition through the masking effect. Suggestions This paper suggests strengthening the platform construction and network support, improving the online teaching ability of college teachers, and standardizing the corresponding teaching reward and punishment system. The medical information 'learning environment' should be improved, which will then stimulate the learning enthusiasm of the medical freshmen. The monitoring and improvement of students' psychological conditions should be strengthened. In this way, online teaching can be carried out steadily under a more perfect system.

Abolition and harm reduction in the struggle for “Care, Not Cages”

Care that is organized around the principles of harm reduction and the movement for police and prison abolition has the potential to uproot and transform structural causes of harm and violence, in the interconnected crises of drug-related harm, policing, and punishment. The United States’ crisis of overdose and drug-related harm and its system of policing and punishment are historically and empirically linked phenomena. The abandonment of people whose use of drugs leads to their premature death, in the form of an overdose, is directly and indirectly connected to wider systems of criminalization and incarceration that also produce premature suffering and death. Organizations advocating for harm reduction for people who use drugs (PWUD) and organizations seeking the abolition of police and prisons have developed in parallel albeit with different genealogies. We examine the historical origins, principles, and practical applications of the two movements to identify points of overlap and lessons to be learned for the public health goals of addressing and preventing premature suffering and death in the United States. A case study of Los Angeles (LA) County, where elected officials have promised a new paradigm of care, not punishment, frames our analysis. We show how the principles and strategies of harm reduction and abolition are both necessary to practically realizing a paradigm of care, not punishment, and achieving system transformation.

Peculiarities of preventing offences in the field of taxes and fees

The article is a study of the peculiarities of preventing tax and levy offenses. In particular, it is established that taxes and levies play an important role in the country’s financial system, providing financial resources for carrying out state functions, developing infrastructure, and social programs. An effective tax system affects the financial stability of the state and contributes to its economic development. It has been investigated that administrative and criminal liability are important aspects of combating tax offenses. Administrative liability includes the imposition of fines, penalties, and other sanctions in case of non-compliance with tax obligations. Criminal liability involves holding individuals accountable for intentionally violating tax legislation, including tax evasion or illegal transactions related to tax obligations. The article examines in detail the features of preventing tax and levy offenses, which include a range of measures. It is established that first and foremost, it is necessary to increase the awareness of citizens and enterprises regarding tax regulations and obligations. Wide access to information about tax rules and the consequences of violating legislation promotes conscientious fulfillment of tax obligations. It is determined that the second feature is the establishment of an effective mechanism for monitoring and verifying compliance with tax legislation. This includes setting up an audit system and investigating tax offenses using modern information technologies. Such control helps to detect violations and ensures effective response to them.It is specified that the imposition of strict sanctions for violations of tax legislation is another important component of prevention. An effective system of fines and penalties serves as a preventive measure and a deterrent for potential violators. However, it is important to ensure fairness and transparency in the application of sanctions, avoiding excessive pressure on taxpayers. It has been found that cooperation between government agencies, such as the tax service, law enforcement agencies, and the judicial system, is quite important and has a significant impact on the prevention and cessation of tax offenses. The mutual exchange of information and coordination of actions help to respond more effectively to tax offenses and hold the guilty parties accountable.Therefore, the prevention of tax and levy offenses is an important element in ensuring the financial stability of the state and stimulating its economic development.

Abuse of power in the disciplinary actions of a state psychology licensing board: inequitable outcomes and early career psychologists.

The field of psychology has established high professional standards which have become a cornerstone of the practice of psychology. However, powerful boards tasked with administering these standards can operate with little oversight, making it difficult to monitor whether these institutions are operating in a fair and impartial way. In particular, early-career psychologists who have less experience and power in their initial years of independent practice may be singularly vulnerable as they have relatively little experience to navigate the profession, including fielding complaints that may be made against them to a licensing board. While it is essential to ensure early-career psychologists are upholding their commitments to the practice, there are risks in policing their activities without orienting toward growth, learning, and professional development. Even the smallest disciplinary action may never be expunged from a psychologist's record, resulting in long-term implications for insurance coverage, reputation and future professional viability in the field. Overly-punitive approaches can be distressing or even traumatizing. In this paper, we examine disciplinary actions of the Kentucky Board of Examiners of Psychology (KBEP) from the years 2000 to 2020 (N = 65) to determine the methodology by which the Board administers its oversight function. We analyze the nature of the discipline received (fines, suspensions, continuing education, supervision) revealing a two-tiered system of punishments, and provide context regarding the nature of the disciplinary process and its impacts. We report on qualitative interviews of early career psychologists subject to disciplinary actions by the Board, and psychologists who supervised early career psychologists investigated by the Board. We compare legislation governing KBEP and make comparisons to the workings of licensing boards in three other states. Using these findings, we make recommendations for revisions to the applicable legislation and administrative processes of the Board to establish an improved balance between public safety, the well-being of new psychologists, equity considerations such as race, and the development of the practice of psychology in Kentucky. This work brings to light previously unexamined injustices that can knowingly or unknowingly be perpetuated by licensing Boards, and can be used to inform the creation of more just, balanced and inclusive professional Boards.

The Effect of Environmental Administrative Punishment on Water Pollution: An Analysis from the Perspective of Game Theory

The water resource pollution in China is very serious, and as a kind of public goods, water resource is easy to cause "free riding" behavior in the process of consumption. How to eliminate the interest conflict between different economic subjects? Environmental administrative punishment is one of the answers. This measure based on the Pigou theory is the foundation of Chinas environmental governance. From the perspective of game theory, this paper analyzes the effect of administrative punishment means of the water resources environment by constructing and analyzing the game theory model and concludes: that the unreasonable setting of the administrative punishment system for the water resources environment and the incomplete implementation process make its effect poor. Finally, the paper puts forward improvement suggestions from three aspects: strengthening supervision, system innovation and the application of Coase theory.

Analisis Penerapan Penggunaan Mufradat dalam Komunikasi Bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Islamic Center eLKISI Mojokerto

Mufradat has an important role in communication skills. This research is motivated by the difficulties of Arabic language boarding students at the Mojokerto eLKISI Islamic Center Islamic Boarding School in applying mufradat when communicating. The purpose of this study was to find out the application of mufradat for female students in Arabic dormitories communication, to examine the difficulties of students in applying mufradat when communicating in Arabic, and alternative solutions to these problems. This type of research is a descriptive-qualitative study with research subjects being female students of the Arabic boarding school, Mudabbir, and Ismul Lughah. Research data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that some students still use Indonesian and do not apply mufradat in communication. There are two linguistic difficulties and four non-linguistic difficulties. Two linguistic difficulties are in the form of a lack of mastery of grammar and knowledge of grammar. Four non-linguistic difficulties in the form of a less supportive social environment in the dormitory, different class backgrounds, limited time for students' activities in the dormitory, and the emergence of a sense of shame and fear of being wrong. The solution to this problem is implementing a mandatory language program for all students, maximizing the role of Mudabbir as a facilitator and linguistic role model, and implementing a reward and punishment system.

일본의 소비자 보호방안에 대한 소고

Humans are constantly engaged in consumption activities throughout their lives. Regardless of gender, age, residential area, education level, and cultural differences, people participate in economic activities while purchasing various goods and services to satisfy their needs. However, compared to business operators, consumers are often affected by exaggerated advertisements or promotional activities because it is difficult for consumers to obtain accurate and diverse information about products and they are in an inferior position in technical manipulation. In order to reduce the damage caused by this, consumers organize various organizations to seek protection of their rights and interests. In addition, the government stipulates the duties of the state, local governments, business operators, and the roles of consumers and consumer groups, as well as enacting consumer protection laws for the purpose of improving and rationalizing consumer life.
 In this paper, four laws, “Act on Prohibition of Private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade”, “Financial Instruments and Exchange Act”, “Certified Public Accountants Act”, and “Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations”, for which the penalty system was introduced in Japan, were reviewed.
 I would like to summarize Through this, it is intended to discover problems with the penalty system adopted as a consumer protection measure in Japan, and to draw implications for finding ways to recover actual damages for individual consumers.

Research on Value Co-Creation Strategies for Stakeholders of Takeaway Platforms Based on Tripartite Evolutionary Game

As the digitization of the supply side continues to advance, the takeaway industry has made a significant contribution to economic growth. However, the rapid expansion of the scale has also brought many social problems, merchants provide low-quality goods out of the psychology of opportunity, and the uneven quality of goods and asymmetric information not only bring great regulatory problems for the takeaway platform, but also make it difficult for consumers to identify the platform, merchants, and consumers as takeaway platform stakeholders, it is difficult to integrate resources to achieve value co-creation. Therefore, in order to realize the value co-creation among the stakeholders of the takeaway platform, a three-party evolutionary game model was constructed to analyze and simulate the strategic choices of stakeholders under different situations through simulation experiments and to explore the sensitive influence of each factor. The results of the study show the following: shaping a scientific reward and punishment system and setting reasonable rewards and punishments within a limited threshold; platforms, consumers using word-of-mouth effects to amplify the loss of network externalities that merchants have to bear when they provide low-quality services, and improving the consumer feedback mechanism to reduce the cost of feedback are all effective measures to promote the active participation of takeaway platform stakeholders in value co-creation and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the takeaway industry.

‘Nudging’ Voluntary Compliance in Border Customs

Legal and regulatory compliance can be voluntarily motivated or enforced by authorities. The World Customs Organization Voluntary Compliance Frameworks (WCO VCF) is adopting a reward and punishment system, responsive to economic constraints of compliance. However, psychological elements do not appear to be incorporated. The WCO VCF could employ ‘norm nudge’ and ‘deterrence nudge’ as supplementary tools in responding to different client risk types, analogous to the effective application of nudge incentivization in taxation compliance. Similarly, it could help improve voluntary self-declaration of goods at the border crossing.

Fuzzy-based Misbehavior Detection for Internet of Things in Multi-access Edge Computing Environment

Today, an emerging paradigm of edge computing, called Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC), is widely used in a broad range of applications. MEC has been recently used as a driving technology for 5G networks. However, MEC encompasses some security problems, such as communicating with untrusted third-party service providers commonly known as location-based service (LBS) providers. In this paper, we propose a novel fuzzy-based misbehavior detection system for Internet of Things (IoT) in a 5G-based MEC environment to solve the previous problems. Our proposed system is comprised of a multi-tier architecture that is linked by IoT gateways and mobile core network. In our architecture, we employ a novel mechanism that embeds a security entity called Regional Certificate Authority in a 5G macro base station. This security entity acts as a passport for the IoT gateway to communicate with other security entities present in our system that are located in the core infrastructure. Besides that, our system utilizes a distributed certificate revocation mechanism for malicious LBS providers via simultaneously updating the internal blocklists employed by more than one system entity. In addition, we adopt in our architecture a novel penalty system for malicious LBS providers, which is used for penalizing providers in case proved to be malicious as well as actively isolating them from the network. On the other hand, our system provides conditional anonymity for the incident’s reporter. Also, we present various security features maintained by the proposed system to thwart well-known attacks as well as we demonstrate efficiency and robustness of our system. Finally, we provide the overhead of our system and compare it with other state-of-the-art approaches where results show that the proposed system relatively incurs the least overhead.