Pulse Peak Voltage Research Articles

Strain detection based on magnetic domain wall motion in amorphous FeSiBNb thin film

The strain dependence of the pulse voltage induced in a pickup coil originating from the domain wall motion in an amorphous FeSiBNb thin film was investigated. No significant change in the peak pulse voltage was observed when tensile strain was applied to the thin film, whereas the peak pulse voltage changed steeply when compressive strain was applied. In addition, strain susceptibility could be controlled via appropriate annealing. Evaluation of the strain gauge comprising the amorphous FeSiBNb thin film, a pickup coil, an electrical circuit (which converts the pulse voltage into direct current voltage), and a Helmholtz coil revealed that strain gauge has a notably high gauge factor of approximately 37,500.

A compact solid-state high repetition rate trigger based on a spiral generator.

The trigger generator made with a spiral generator (SG) has the advantages of light weight, compact structure, and low cost and has promising applications in the pulsed power field. This paper introduces a compact solid-state high-voltage pulse trigger system based on an improved SG, which has improved repetition rate and lowered the demands for semiconductor switches' maximum current and current rise rate when compared with previous studies. The improvement is achieved by winding outward an additional layer of the passive layer and low-voltage metal strip, which realizes a significant reduction of the peak current and current rise rate of the discharge switch. The final dimension of the trigger is 25 × 10 × 10cm3, excluding the power supply. An experiment carried out in single shot mode shows that the peak value of the output pulse can reach 50kV with a leading edge of 57ns. Repetitive experiments were carried out up to 1kHz, with the peak voltage of the output pulse being 30.5kV, the leading edge being 48ns, and the jitter being 0.84ns. Finally, the generator is used to trigger a gas switch, and it works stably and reliably.

Analysis of rock-breaking mechanisms of high-voltage pulsed electric electrode bits

High-voltage pulsed electric rock-breaking technology is an innovative, green, and efficient method with substantial potential in the field of rock fragmentation. The efficiency of this technology is primarily determined by the design of the electrode bit. To investigate the impact of electrode bit design on rock fragmentation, this study developed a three-dimensional electro-rock breaking model based on the coupling of multiple fields: current field, electrostatic field, breakdown field, heat transfer field, and solid mechanics field. Using this comprehensive three-dimensional model, we conducted dynamic electrical breakdown simulations of granite, incorporating five different electrode bit structures and six degrees of rock heterogeneity. The simulation results elucidate the effects of pulsed peak voltage, granite heterogeneity H , and electrode bit structure on the efficiency of high-voltage pulsed electric rock breaking. To validate the simulation results, laboratory experiments on electro-rock breaking were performed. The experimental findings indicate that the conical electrode bit exhibited the highest rock-breaking efficiency, while the pentagonal prism-shaped electrode bit showed the poorest performance. The tip of prismatic electrodes generates a tip discharge effect; for the triangular prism, this effect often results in irregular rock fragmentation, which is detrimental to drilling efficiency. These results highlight the significant influence of electrode shape on rocks’ electrical breakdown and fragmentation. This study provides valuable insights into the engineering application of high-voltage pulsed electric rock-breaking technology.

Nanosecond pulsed gliding arc plasma for ammonia synthesis: better insight from discharge mode and vibrational temperature

Low-temperature plasma technology is a promising technological route to achieve green and efficient ammonia synthesis at ambient temperature and pressure. In this work, a Laval nozzle type gliding arc plasma reactor was designed for the direct synthesis of ammonia from N2 and H2 discharges ignited by a high voltage nanosecond pulsed power supply to investigate the effect of different electrode gaps, pulse voltages, and V N2:V H2 on ammonia synthesis. The nanosecond pulsed plasma discharges were characterized through oscilloscope and optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The maximum rate of NH3 synthesis was 538.12 μmol·h−1 at 1.5 mm electrode gap, 16 kV peak pulse voltage, 6 kHz pulse repetition frequency, 100 ns pulse width, 100 ns pulse rising edge, 100 ns pulse falling edge, and 200 mL·min−1 total gas flow rate with V N2:V H2 = 1:1. It was demonstrated that the discharge mode of the nanosecond pulsed gliding arc plasma can transit from a unipolar state to a bipolar state determined by the duty cycle accompanied with higher discharge power and vibrational temperature. Bipolar discharge mode is beneficial to improve the efficiency of plasma ammonia synthesis because of it can strengthen the plasma discharge and increase the vibrational temperature. The ammonia synthesis rate and N2 conversion rate increased with the increase of the discharge power and vibrational temperature.

A study of tiamulin removal by nanosecond pulsed gas–liquid discharge underwater

AbstractIn this study, gas–liquid discharge plasma excited by nanosecond pulsed voltage is used to efficiently remove tiamulin (TIA) from water. The discharge produces a large number of reactive species (H2O2, OH radicals, NO3−, etc.) that can attack the TIA molecules. The effects of peak pulse voltage, initial TIA concentration, gas composition, and the addition of ferrous sulfate and persulfate on TIA removal were mainly investigated. The results showed that the oxygen plasma could approach 100% removal within 30 min of treatment time. The addition of the catalyst increased the TIA removal efficiency by approximately 15% during the 10‐min discharge treatment time. The toxicity of 12 intermediates was analyzed and the degradation mechanism of TIA was investigated.

Nanosecond pulsed discharge plasma modified porous polymer adsorbent materials for efficient removal of low‐concentration bisphenol A in liquid

AbstractThe efficient removal of low‐concentration endocrine disruptors is crucial for the protection of the aquatic environment. In this study, porous polymer adsorbent materials were modified by nanosecond pulsed discharge plasma to achieve efficient adsorption of low‐concentration bisphenol A (BPA). The removal efficiency of BPA reached 99% after 10 min of plasma modification at a pulse peak voltage of 28 kV, which increased by 25.8% compared to the raw materials. This enhancement was attributed to the increase of active sites and oxygen‐containing functional groups. The adsorption behaviors of the porous polymer materials were primarily dominated by monolayer chemisorption. Subsequently, comparative experiments further verified the high‐efficiency adsorption performance of porous polymer materials after plasma treatment.

Design of a Pulse Transformer for X-band Klystron

Future linear accelerators require klystrons with higher radio frequency (RF) to drive higher gradient accelerating structure. An x-band accelerator structure was used to accelerate electrons at the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser Facility (SXFEL) in Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SARI-CAS). A pulse transformer is a crucial device in an RF system. This study presents a high-voltage pulse transformer used for a 50 MW x-band pulsed klystron in SXFEL. Typical specifications of the pulse transformer are peak pulse voltage 420 kV, peak pulse current 300 A, 50 Hz repetition rate and 1.5 μs flat-top pulse width. Design and optimization of pulse transformer are achieved by using equivalent circuit analytic methods and computational aided simulation. The relevant experiments show that this pulse transformer can meet the requirements of 50MW x-band klystron.

Preparation of micro-mesoporous functionalized zeolites by nanosecond pulsed discharge-amino co-modification for efficient Ni(II) ions removal

The severe adverse impacts of toxic metal ions on ecosystems and human health call for the urgent development of an efficient adsorbent. In this study, a novel micro-mesoporous zeolite material was prepared by nanosecond pulsed discharge-amino co-modification method to selectively adsorb Ni(II) ions. The prepared micro-mesoporous adsorbent exhibited a large specific surface area (1042 m2 g−1) and were rich in -NH2 and -COOH that can produce surface complexation and electrostatic adsorption with Ni(II) ions. The optimal experimental parameters were obtained at 8 min of discharge time, 16 kV of pulse peak voltage, 1 kHz of pulse repetition frequency, and pH = 7. The Ni(II) ions removal efficiency of nanosecond pulsed discharge-amino co-modified MCM-41 reached 98% within 20 min, an increase of 54% and 26% compared to the raw and solo amino modification, respectively. The adsorption processes of Ni(II) ions were well fitted by pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption involves monolayer chemisorption. Despite the presence of other coexisting ions, the prepared zeolites retained their excellent adsorption selectivity for Ni(II) ions. This co-modification method overcomes the drawback of mesopores blockage and further implants micropores in adsorbents, providing a novel idea and broad prospect for adsorbent modification and removal of Ni(II) ions.

The sensitivity analysis of dynamic electric breakdown damage model and simulation of granite by high voltage electric pulse

The use of high-voltage electrical pulse (HVEP) technology for improving the rate of penetration in deep, complex formations has been reported; however, its rock fragmentation mechanism is not fully understood, and the parametric design of electric drilling tools is not perfect. This research paper realized the whole process of single-pulse HVEP rock-breaking by using the electric breakdown model, combining circuit parameter coupling, Kirchhoff’s law, electric breakdown criterion, heat transfer process, and solid mechanical field. The sensitivity simulation of HVEP rock-breaking parameters, which considers the structural parameters of pulse power supply, the deterioration of rock during the electrical breakdown process, the correlation between dynamic dielectric strength of rock and time, and rock heterogeneity, is analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the shape of the plasma channel has little relationship with the pulse peak voltage, and the rock-breaking volume of a single pulse is positively related to the pulse peak voltage; the electrode spacing is positively correlated with the breakdown voltage of the rock in a first-order function shape and has a positive correlation with the failure volume; large electrode spacing can promote HVEP rock-breaking; electrode tilt has little effect on the minimum breakdown voltage and failure volume, and its optimal design should be combined with the flow field analysis of the electric bit structure; the heterogeneity index of granite results in breakdown voltage amplitudes within 3 kV and differences in the fragmentation effect of HVEP. The research results can be used as theoretical support for optimizing HVEP matching drilling tools.

Degradation of Pyraclostrobin in Water Using a Novel Hybrid Gas–Liquid Phase Discharge Reactor

In this paper, the hybrid gas–liquid discharge plasma can efficiently degrade pesticide residues in water driven by nanosecond pulse power, which can achieve the simultaneous discharge process in the liquid and gas phases. The relevant factors are systematically investigated, including the waveforms of discharge current and pulse voltage, discharge images, and optical emission spectra during the discharge process. The Stark broadening of Hα calculates the electron density. The effects of the pulse peak voltage and discharge time on the emission intensities of OH (A2∑ → X2∏), N2 (C3∏u → B3∏g), Hα, and O (3p5P → 3s5S0) are discussed in-depth by the optical emission spectra. The gas–liquid discharge plasma with an electron density of 7.14 × 1017 cm−3 was found. The emission intensities of OH (A2∑ → X2∏), N2 (C3∏u → B3∏g), Hα, and O (3p5P → 3s5S0) present the rising trend by increasing the pulse peak voltage and discharge time. In addition, pyraclostrobin is adopted as the research object to study the removal efficiency of pollutants. The results confirm that pyraclostrobin can be completely degraded after 10 min of plasma treatment with the pulse peak voltage of 28 kV, and the degradation rate and energy yield was 0.323 min−1, and 1.91 g/kWh, respectively. The intermediate products and the possible degradation mechanism of pyraclostrobin are further explored by combining the results of high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and density functional theory (DFT), the developmental toxicity of the intermediate products was analyzed, which provided a scheme for the treatment of pesticide wastewater by gas–liquid discharge plasma technology.

Design of an Oil-Immersed Pulse Modulator for X-Band 50-MW Klystron

This article presents a compact high-voltage pulse modulator used for a 50-MW <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$</tex-math> </inline-formula> -band pulsed klystron (11.4 GHz) at Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SARI, CAS). The pulse modulator includes a ten-section pulse-forming network (PFN), protection circuits, a thyratron module, and a pulse transformer. To reduce the volume of the pulse modulator and maintain the system stability, an oil-immersed tank is proposed to insulate the main electronic components, which leads to a volume reduction of 65%. The modulator is designed with a peak pulse voltage of 427 kV, a peak pulse current of 304 A, a repetition rate of 50 Hz, and a flat-top pulsewidth of 1.3 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $</tex-math> </inline-formula> s. The circuit schematic is provided, while the design criteria of the main components and mechanical structure are discussed. The experimental results and measurements show the design and hardware to be capable of fulfilling the requirements.

Rock breaking mechanism of electrode bit in heterogeneous granite formation and its optimization

Electro-pulse-boring (EPB) technology is one of the most potential and nearly industrialized new rock breaking methods in geothermal drilling. However, the mechanism of EPB is not clear, and the structural parameters of EPB electrode bit are not well matched with the corresponding strata parameters and voltage parameters, which seriously hindered the commercialization process of this technology. Based on the dynamic electrical breakdown model (DEBM), a single electric breakdown of rock is realized by coupling the circuit field, the current field and the breakdown field. At the same time, considering the heterogeneity of rock, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of full-bit electrical breakdown using five kinds of electrode bits with different structures is conducted. From these five kinds of electrode bits, an electrode bit suitable for EPB is selected. Finally, the adaptability between the structural parameters and voltage parameters of the selected electrode bit is studied. The results show that the initiation and development of electrical breakdown are affected by the mineral composition, mineral quantity and mineral position of the rock. The petal-structural electrode bits with the same clearance between the high voltage electrode and all ground electrodes are more suitable for EPB drilling due to their higher chip removal function. Moreover, the minimum initial output pulse peak voltage, i.e., the adaptive voltage, of petal-structural electrode bit under different structural parameters is calculated by fitting, which is the best rock breaking voltage parameter. This research can provide reliable help for the design of EPB electrode bit, the optimization of structural parameters and voltage parameters of electrode bit to increase geothermal resources.

Development of Bipolar Pulse Power Supply Based on Peak Closed-Loop Control Method

With the wide application of pulsed power technology in tumor ablation, sewage treatment, and other related fields, researchers have found that bipolar electrical pulses are more effective than unipolar electrical pulses. In this article, a new bipolar pulse generator is proposed, which combines the features of boost circuit and Marx circuit to significantly improve the boost ratio of output pulse and the tunability of pulse peak. In order to improve the load regulation rate and peak stability of bipolar pulse power supply, a bipolar pulse power supply based on peak closed-loop control method is designed in this article. The high-voltage pulse is attenuated, and its peak is sampled by the pulse peak sampling circuit, and the pulse peak voltage is fed back to the DSP controller for comparison with the set peak value, and the proportional integral differential (PID) adjustment is performed according to the voltage deviation, and the boost ratio of the pulse generator is changed to realize the constant peak output of the bipolar pulse. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed bipolar pulse generator with peak closed-loop control scheme, simulation and experimental studies of the bipolar pulse power supply with five-stage peak closed-loop control were conducted. The results show that the output repetition frequency of 5 kHz, pulsewidth of 5– <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , and peak pulse value within ±2.0 kV can be stabilized when the input voltage is 100 V.

Numerical analysis of electrohydrodynamic jet printing under constant and step change of electric voltages

Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing is a highly effective technique for micro/nanoscale three-dimensional manufacturing. However, due to the complicated electrohydrodynamic mechanisms behind liquid deformation and jet emission, the printing process with remarkable droplet consistency and excellent controllability is still under investigation. In this work, a numerical analysis is conducted on EHD jet printing under constant and step change of electric voltages. We first examine constant-voltage-based pulsating EHD jet printing and explain the impacts of voltage on the regimes, deposited droplet volumes, and durations of the three key printing stages, namely, cone formation, jetting, and jet/meniscus retraction and oscillation. After that, we carry out a comprehensive investigation on EHD jet printing under various step changes of voltages while focusing on the jet behaviors at the voltage switch and after detaching from the Taylor cone. With the assistance of the electric field distribution, interface charge density, velocity fields, and very clear liquid motion images obtained from the numerical data, we fully inspect the pulsed printing processes and elucidate the influences of the pulse time, bias voltage, and peak voltage on the printing behaviors, durations of the three printing stages, and deposited droplet volumes. Finally, based on the obtained results, we make a comparison of the printing outcomes between these two techniques. The findings discovered in this work can be used for advancing the understanding and controlling methods of this complicated but very useful manufacturing technology.

Highly synergetic effect for norfloxacin degradation by coupling underwater bubble plasma formation with a Fe (III)–S (IV) system

• Coupling plasma with Fe (III)–S (IV) system can efficiently remediate NOR and prolong it during plasma-off. • Underwater bubble plasma accelerates radical chain reactions and improves the transfer efficiency. • Enhanced NOR degradation is attributed to the presence of • OH and SO 4 •− . • • OH and SO 4 •− can be regenerated by chain reactions through plasma-generated effects. • The synergetic degradation mechanism and possible contribution of approaches are proposed. Antibiotics are widely used to treat or prevent infectious diseases in human and veterinary medicine. Excessive residues in the aquatic environment lead to increasingly prominent antibiotic pollution; therefore, it is urgent to develop sustainable strategies for rapidly degrading antibiotics. In this study, a highly synergetic effect for norfloxacin (NOR) remediation is achieved by coupling underwater bubble plasma formation with a Fe (III)–S (IV) system due to the efficient utilization of reactive species in chain reactions. The degradation rate using synergetic approach can reach 76.4% within 50 min discharge, and further increases significantly to 94.4% after 5 h post-discharge. The effects of pulsed peak voltage and Fe (III)/S (IV) dosage on NOR removal are characterized. The existence of hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) and sulfate radicals (SO 4 •− ) are proved by electron spin resonance spectrometer (ESR) during degradation. Furthermore, radical scavenger experiments demonstrate that • OH and SO 4 •− play a crucial role in degradation. Underwater bubble plasma provides the oxic and acidic liquid environment for the Fe (III)–S (IV) system to accelerate the self-perpetuating chain reactions. These reactions not only introduce SO 4 •− and generate more • OH during plasma-on, but also induce their regeneration and further prolong the degradation process during plasma-off through plasma-generated effects. Finally, the degradation intermediates of NOR are identified, and a possible degradation pathway is proposed. The possible contribution weight of each approach on the degradation rate is speculated. These new findings offer promising applications for developing a technology with real potential for the treatment of organic compounds in industrial wastewater treatment.

Marx‐based pulse generator with high‐voltage gain

AbstractIn this paper, a new configuration of Marx generator with high‐voltage (HV) gain is presented for electroporation applications. Each module consists of one switch, one capacitor, and two diodes. The capacitors are charged in parallel with the input inductor and the input DC voltage source simultaneously; eventually, the charged capacitors are connected in series, and the HV output pulses are generated. The load is connected differently at the output stage, and there is not any switch at the output stage to generate the HV pulses. The majority of Marx generators suffer from the high number of modules to reach the desired pulse peak voltage. Due to the high‐voltage gain of the proposed topology, fewer modules are needed to achieve the desired HV pulse peak voltage. Mathematical analysis is presented along with a full design of the system components. Soft switching reduces the switching power loss in this converter, which is presented in detail. A comparative study is carried out to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed structure. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed concept.

Pulsed discharge plasma on water surface coupled with CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 composites for synergistic degradation of aqueous tetracycline hydrochloride

Due to the increasingly severe water contamination of antibiotics, high-efficient and green removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution is of great significance to environmental remediation and human health. The combined degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) in water by pulsed discharge plasma on water surface (WSPDP) coupled with CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 composite was investigated. The basic properties of the prepared CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 composite were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM, PL and XPS, which indicated that the CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 sample was synthesized successfully. Degradation performance revealed that there existed a synergistic effect in the WSPDP + CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 system, and WSPDP could induce catalysis of CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 composite. After adding 0.4 g/L 7 wt% CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 sample to the WSPDP system, the degradation efficiency of TCH improved from 82.9% to 93.8%, and the kinetic constant enhanced from 0.0616 min−1 to 0.0953 min−1 after 30 min of discharge treatment. Furthermore, the effects of pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, initial pH of solution and air flow rate on TCH degradation were evaluated. The highest TCH degradation efficiency of 97.8% could be obtained at the peak pulse voltage of 24.6 kV, pulse frequency of 50 Hz, initial pH of 3 and air flow rate of 2 L/min within 30 min. OH, h+ and O2− were the main reactive radicals for TCH degradation in the WSPDP + CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 system·H2O2 and O3 were also involved in TCH degradation of the synergistic system, and the addition of CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 could significantly improve the utilization of H2O2 and O3 in the solution. The intermediates of TCH degradation were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Finally, the possible degradation pathways and synergistic degradation mechanism of TCH in the WSPDP + CaFe2O4/Bi2O3 system were proposed.

Highly efficient adsorptive removal of persistent organic pollutants using NPD-acid combined modified NaY zeolites

Adsorption method is an effective way to remove persistent organic pollutants in air. In this study, nanosecond pulsed discharge plasma combined acid was employed to modify the NaY zeolites with the purpose of adsorbing persistent organic pollutants, comparing with the adsorption capacity of NaY zeolites modified by the solo acid and solo plasma treatment. The waveforms of pulse voltage and discharge current, and gas temperature of discharge were collected to investigate the plasma characteristics. The physical structure and chemical active sites of raw and modified zeolites were characterized by means of N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum, Pyridine Infrared Spectrum, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. It was found that the adsorption capacity of zeolites modified by NPD-acid combined system increased by 167%, 56%, and 40%, respectively, compared with the raw, solo 3 mol/L of acid and solo NPD modified zeolites, with the conditions of 3 mol/L of acid concentration, 1 mg/L of naphthalene initial concentration, 25 min of treatment time, and 30 kV of pulse peak voltage. This result can be ascribed to the increased acid sites (Brønsted and Lewis acid), O element content, specific surface area, and number of micropores and mesopores, which all played an important role in naphthalene adsorption. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics and mass transfer of raw and modified zeolites could be described by pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models.

Voltage-induced modulation in the charge state of Si-vacancy defects in diamond using high voltage nanosecond pulses

Silicon-vacancy defects have been identified as a promising optical transition for quantum communications, quantum control, and quantum information processing. In the work presented here, we demonstrate a voltage-controlled mechanism by which the photoluminescent (PL) emission from silicon-vacancy (Si-V) defects in diamond can be modulated. In particular, we can selectively produce emission from the negatively charged state of this defect (i.e., Si-V−), which exhibits narrow (Γ = 4 nm) emission at 738 nm at low laser power. This approach uses high voltage (2–5 kV) nanosecond pulses applied across top and bottom electrodes on a 0.5 mm thick diamond substrate. In the absence of high voltage pulses, we observe no emission at 738 nm. This feature increases monotonically with peak pulse voltage, pulse repetition rate (i.e., frequency), and incident laser intensity. We observe saturation of the PL intensity for pulse voltages above 3.2 kV and frequency above 100 Hz. Based on electrostatic simulations, we estimated the local electric field intensity near the tip of the Cu electrode to be 2.8 ×106 V/cm at these voltages. However, as a function of laser power, we observe a linear dependence of PL intensity without saturation. These saturating and non-saturating behaviors provide important insight into the voltage-induced charging mechanisms and kinetics associated with this process.

Discharge characteristics and reactive species production of unipolar and bipolar nanosecond pulsed gas–liquid discharge generated in atmospheric N2

In this paper, unipolar pulse (including positive pulse and negative pulse) and bipolar pulse voltage are employed to generate diffuse gas–liquid discharge in atmospheric N2 with a trumpet-shaped quartz tube. The current–voltage waveforms, optical emission spectra of excited state active species, FTIR spectra of exhaust gas components, plasma gas temperature, and aqueous H2O2, and production are compared in three pulse modes, meanwhile, the effects of pulse peak voltage and gas flow rate on the production of reactive species are studied. The results show that two obvious discharges occur in each voltage pulse in unipolar pulse driven discharge, differently, in bipolar pulse driven discharge, only one main discharge appears in a single voltage pulse time. The intensities of active species (OH(A), and O(3p)) in all three pulsed discharge increase with the rise of pulse peak voltage and have the highest value at 200 ml min−1 of gas flow rate. The absorbance intensities of NO2 and N2O increase with the increase of pulse peak voltage and decrease with the increase of gas flow rate. Under the same discharge conditions, the bipolar pulse driven discharge shows lower breakdown voltage, and higher intensities of excited species (N2(C), OH(A), and O(3p)), nitrogen oxides (NO2, NO, and N2O), and higher production of aqueous H2O2, and compared with both unipolar positive and negative discharges.