Public Research Research Articles

The Pritzker Architecture Prize and its potential for developing library tourism

Star architecture is becoming a popular strategy for urban solutions, and exclusive projects are being constructed to create an image and increase media attention. The term describes buildings designed by famous architects who often capitalize on their popularity for marketing purposes in tourist destinations. The visibility of these sites effectively attracts tourists and capital to specific places. It is common for landmark buildings and their leading architects to be paired with the Pritzker Architecture Prize. This paper reviews all 72 libraries designed by prize winners from the first edition in 1979 to 2023, analyzing their potential for library tourism. The research methodology includes a documentary and content analysis (internal and online desk research) of websites, newsletters, and publications. It can be concluded that these libraries have a vast collection of resources that can entice tourists, and now they are destinations for millions of visitors. On the other hand, the authority of these architects guarantees the more significant popularity of libraries as tourist destinations. However, given the financial resources needed to implement these projects, their tourism potential can mainly benefit large cities in developed countries or traditional academic centers.

Exploring Public, Practitioner and Policymaker Perspectives of Unhealthy Lifestyle Factors in the Context of Socioeconomic Deprivation: A Qualitative Study.

Unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as smoking, high alcohol intake, poor diet and physical inactivity, are key risk factors for premature mortality. How unhealthy lifestyle factors are viewed in the wider context of socioeconomic deprivation is rarely considered. Understanding key stakeholder views on lifestyle factors in the context of deprivation is critical to intervention development and reducing harm in more deprived populations. The aim of this study was to explore public, healthcare professional and policymaker views around unhealthy lifestyle factors in the context of deprivation. The aim was broad to facilitate iterative development of ideas, as the views of this wide range of stakeholders are rarely captured. Twenty-five adult members of the public in Scotland took part in four focus groups between August 2022 and June 2023. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals: 12 primary-care practitioners and 6 public-health practitioners and policymakers. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken. Four main themes were developed: (1) Evolving complexity of lifestyle factors - the number of lifestyle factors that adversely impact health has grown, with increasingly complex interactions, (2) Social determinants of lifestyle - numerous links were made between socioeconomic conditions and unhealthy lifestyle factors by all participants, (3) Poverty as a fundamental social determinant - poverty was identified as a core factor for unhealthy lifestyle factors, and (4) Agency versus structure in relation to lifestyle - individual agency to address lifestyle factors was limited by structural constraints. Among professionals, understanding the challenging social determinants of unhealthy lifestyle factors was countered by a desire to support healthy change in those affected by deprivation. Public and professional views around lifestyle highlight an evolving understanding of the new and growing number of lifestyle factors as well as the increasingly complex interplay between lifestyle factors. Views of the social determinants of lifestyle and structural limits to agency strengthen arguments for reduced emphasis on individual-level responsibility for unhealthy lifestyle factors and for deeper integration of social determinants into lifestyle interventions. In addition to addressing poverty and socioeconomic inequalities directly, innovative policy, planning and legislation that incorporate wider approaches could tackle upstream determinants of numerous unhealthy lifestyle factors simultaneously. Members of the public who participated in this study have made contributions by sharing their views and perspectives. The National Health Service Research Scotland Primary Care Patient and Public Involvement (NRS PPI) Group contributed to the development of this work. The NRS PPI Group was consulted as part of the preparatory work for H. M. E. F.'s doctoral thesis funding application. The findings of the qualitative work were presented to them, and they informed the interpretation of those findings and related work presented at conferences and public engagement events.

Rethinking the trade-off relationship between innovation quantity and quality: the evidence from public energy R&D programs in South Korea

This study examines the relationship between quantitative and qualitative aspect of innovation in South Korea’s public energy research and development programs. Through an analysis of 1170 projects, the study confirms a complementary association between the quantity and quality of patents. The findings underscore the importance of a strategic approach to managing innovation, challenging the notion of a trade-off and advocating balance. It also discusses how this relationship varies across technological fields. This emphasizes the need to consider moderating variables in future research on this domain. This study thus not only contributes theoretically by expanding the discourse on innovation dynamics but also offers practical insights for policymakers and industry practitioners.

A Novel Spatial-Aware Deep Learning Approach for Exploring the Environmental Context of Terrorist Attacks and Armed Conflicts

The quantitative assessment of terrorist attacks and armed conflicts (TAACs) is a crucial component of global public safety research and is vital for societal stability and national security. This study addresses the spatial dependency of such events, i.e., the relationship between the outbreak of an event and its environment. Based on geographic big data and artificial intelligence (AI), we propose a spatial feature utilization pattern that takes into account the impact of the event environment, and established a deep learning (DL) framework of features within the joint event location and space neighborhood to improve the precision of the quantitative assessment. The results demonstrate that in scenarios under a combination of 14 social, natural, and geographic driving factors, models that incorporate spatial features outperform those that only use location features during both the training and testing phases. Furthermore, models that consider both location and spatial features outperform models using only a single feature across various evaluation metrics. Global attribution analysis further confirms the spatial dependency of events, manifested in the mutual influence on the likelihood of events occurring among adjacent cities and the correlation with various environmental factors, particularly elements related to human activities and living environments. We find that both prosperous urban centers and underdeveloped rural areas are hotspots for TAACs, and that such events more likely to occur in harsh climatic patterns characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation. This enhances our understanding and preparedness for managing and preventing such events.

Urban Natural Gas Pipeline Operational Vulnerability Under the Influence of a Social Spatial Distribution Structure: A Case Study of the Safety Risk Patterns in Kunming, China.

Frequent urban natural gas pipeline accidents pose a serious threat to the safety of people and property in surrounding areas. However, current research on natural gas pipeline risks primarily focuses on evaluating the pipelines themselves, with no established method for assessing the impact of pipeline disasters on surrounding areas. This paper proposes an urban natural gas pipeline risk assessment method that integrates the physical attributes of the pipelines with an analysis of social vulnerability based on urban social spatial distribution. Using urban Point of Interest (POI) data, a social spatial distribution model for potential natural gas pipeline accidents is constructed. The risk of pipeline failure is assessed based on physical vulnerability, while the consequences of failure are evaluated through social vulnerability. This method combines the analysis of physical and social vulnerabilities to achieve a comprehensive urban natural gas pipeline risk assessment. The results identified 68 out of 6148 pipelines in the study area as "double high" pipelines, characterized by high physical vulnerability (relatively high risk pipelines) and high social vulnerability (involving level IV areas). The high risk communities identified in the study area are the Cuihu West Road Community and the Daguan Commercial City Community, highlighting the characteristics of risk distribution. The findings suggest that this study contributes to improving urban resilience to natural gas pipeline incidents, reducing potential economic losses and public impacts, and enhancing urban public safety. It also provides new insights into natural gas pipeline risk assessment and urban public safety research.

Unlocking Scholarly Realms: Revealing Discipline‐Specific Publication and Citation Benefits in Open Access

ABSTRACTThis bibliometric analysis examines research publications from Israel, Austria, and Mexico (2010–2020) using Scopus data. The selection of Austria and Mexico as comparators to Israel was based on SCImago rankings. Top four disciplines were chosen for Health, Physical, and Life Sciences (HPL) and Social and Humanities Sciences (SSH). The findings indicate a distinct preference for closed‐access publications; however, a clear ‘open access citation advantage’ emerges nonetheless. Notably, Israel has the lowest SSH publications in open access, yet the highest in closed access. Conversely, open‐access HPL publications receive more citations than closed access across all countries. Despite fewer open‐access articles, Israel's HPL research surpasses Austria in citations. In SSH, Israel, and Austria's open‐access articles attract more citations, while Mexico shows no significant difference. These findings provide insights into publication dynamics, disciplinary influences, and citation patterns.

Physiologic Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Sorrel) on Biological Systems: Advances in Sorrel Research

Background:: Hibiscus sabdariffa (sorrel) is a member of the hibiscus genus and Malvaceae family. An important attribute is its therapeutic characteristic, which has been validated by research that shows some success in treating several diseases. Objective:: Owing to limited information and research deficits, this study aimed to investigate the physiologic effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa on biological systems and the advances made in the last century. Methods:: PubMed Central search for “Hibiscus sabdariffa OR sorrel” was conducted from November 2021 to March 2022, covering articles from 1921 to 2020. The results were documented in Microsoft Excel 2016 and grouped based on physiological systems. Results:: Sorrel research publications mushroomed in the last decade. Studies from 1921-2010 reported on the endocrine and cardiovascular systems, while additional biological systems (nervous, urinary, gastrointestinal, integumentary, hematopoietic, reproductive, and skeletal) were later investigated. Sorrel positively treated diabetes, hypertension, and a multitude of other illnesses due to its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory potential, chiefly via its anthocyanins. Hypertension was mostly reported, predominantly from Nigeria (Africa), and toxicity exceeded 2000 mg/kg b.w. Conclusion:: Sorrel has multifaceted uses, mostly involving hypertension treatment. Despite increased publications and advances in research, all areas of physiology still require sorrel research, especially in the Caribbean, which lacked publication, amidst Jamaica being known for the consumption of sorrel drinks.

Misspellings or "miscellings"-Non-verifiable and unknown cell lines in cancer research publications.

Reproducible laboratory research relies on correctly identified reagents. We have previously described gene research papers with wrongly identified nucleotide sequence(s), including papers studying miR-145. Manually verifying reagent identities in 36 recent miR-145 papers found that 56% and 17% of papers described misidentified nucleotide sequences and cell lines, respectively. We also found 5 cell line identifiers in miR-145 papers with misidentified nucleotide sequences and cell lines, and 18 cell line identifiers published elsewhere, that did not represent indexed human cell lines. These 23 identifiers were described as non-verifiable (NV), as their identities were unclear. Studying 420 papers that mentioned 8 NV identifier(s) found 235 papers (56%) that referred to 7 identifiers (BGC-803, BSG-803, BSG-823, GSE-1, HGC-7901, HGC-803, and MGC-823) as independent cell lines. We could not find any publications describing how these cell lines were established. Six cell lines were sourced from cell line repositories with externally accessible online catalogs, but these cell lines were not indexed as claimed. Some papers also stated that short tandem repeat (STR) profiles had been generated for three cell lines, yet no STR profiles could be identified. In summary, as NV cell lines represent new challenges to research integrity and reproducibility, further investigations are required to clarify their status and identities.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of cow-level factors affecting milk urea nitrogen and urinary nitrogen output under pasture-based diets

With dairy cattle farming under pressure to lower its environmental footprint it is important to find effective on-farm proxies for evaluation and monitoring of management practices aimed at reducing the risk of nitrogen (N) losses and optimizing N use efficiency of dairy farm systems. Urinary N (UN) is regarded as the most potent source of N emissions. In contrast to confinement systems, there have been few studies from pasture-based systems associating on-farm animal and nutritional factors with UN output. Thus, the aims of this meta-analysis were to collate a database from pasture-based research to: (a) investigate the associations of management, dietary, and animal variables with MUN concentration, and daily UN output; (b) describe the MUN-UN association; and (c) assess whether animal, management, and dietary factors influence the relationship. We developed a data set consisting of 95 observations representing 919 lactating dairy cattle fed pasture-based diets, which was compiled from 32 unique research publications that reported both MUN and UN output. Multi-level, mixed meta-analysis regression techniques were used to analyze the data. Initially, all variables were assessed as the sole fixed effect in a 2-level random effects model, accounting for within publication heterogeneity. Meta-regression techniques were then used to assess the relationship of all variables with MUN and UN output, respectively, accounting for 3 sources of variability: the sampling error of the individual observation, within publication heterogeneity, and among publication heterogeneity. At the univariable level, despite more than 10 dietary, animal, or management variables being significantly associated with MUN, none explained a large amount of the MUN variation. The variables that explained the greatest amount of variation were dietary crude protein (CP) content and the nitrogen: metabolizable energy content ratio, which explained about 33% and 31% of the variation in MUN concentrations, respectively. Combining factors in multiple regressions improved the model fit, such that the variation within publications explained by dietary CP and N intake increased to 40.0% in the final multiple meta-regression model. For UN output, individual variables explained a greater proportion of variance reported among observations, compared with MUN, whereby diet CP content (pseudo R2 = 66.1%), N to metabolizable energy intake ratio (pseudo R2 = 64.0%), N intake (pseudo R2 = 58.3%), and MUN (pseudo R2 = 43.5%) explained the greatest amount of the total variation. Milk urea nitrogen, N intake and dry matter intake were associated with UN output in the final multiple meta-regression model. Substantial heterogeneity existed in both MUN and UN among publications, with among publication heterogeneity accounting for 73.4% of all the variation noted in MUN, and 88.6% of all the variation in UN output. As such, the meta-analyses could not predict MUN and UN to any great extent. It is recommended that a consistent approach to measuring and reporting MUN concentrations and UN output is carried out for all future research in pasture-based systems.

The International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors (ICPJE)formally constituted to foster quality around clinical and social pharmacy practice research publications

The International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors (ICPJE)formally constituted to foster quality around clinical and social pharmacy practice research publications

Informatics and Artificial Intelligence-Guided Assessment of the Regulatory and Translational Research Landscape of First-in-Class Oncology Drugs in the United States, 2018-2022.

Cancer drug development remains a critical but challenging process that affects millions of patients and their families. Using biomedical informatics and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, we assessed the regulatory and translational research landscape defining successful first-in-class drugs for patients with cancer. This is a retrospective observational study of all novel first-in-class drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from 2018 to 2022, stratified by cancer versus noncancer drugs. A biomedical informatics pipeline leveraging interoperability standards and ChatGPT performed integration and analysis of public databases provided by the FDA, National Institutes of Health, and WHO. Between 2018 and 2022, the FDA approved a total of 247 novel drugs, of which 107 (43.3%) were first-in-class drugs involving a new biologic target. Of these first-in-class drugs, 30 (28%) treatments were indicated for patients with cancer, including 19 (63.3%) for solid tumors and the remaining 11 (36.7%) for hematologic cancers. A median of 68 publications of basic, clinical, and other relevant translational science preceded successful FDA approval of first-in-class cancer drugs, with oncology-related treatments involving fewer median years of target-based research than therapies not related to cancer (33 v 43 years; P < .05). Overall, 94.4% of first-in-class drugs had at least 25 years of target-related research papers, while 85.5% of first-in-class drugs had at least 10 years of translational research publications. Novel first-in-class cancer treatments are defined by diverse clinical indications, personalized molecular targets, dependence on expedited regulatory pathways, and translational research metrics reflecting this complex landscape. Biomedical informatics and AI provide scalable, data-driven ways to assess and even address important challenges in the drug development pipeline.

Genotoxicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on mammalian cells in vitro: A systematic review with narrative synthesis

BackgroundOver the last decades, great concern has been raised about possible adverse effects to human health due to exposures to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF, 100 kHz – 300 GHz) emitted by wireless communication technologies. In 2011 the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified RF-EMF as possibly carcinogenic to humans, highlighting that the evidence was weak and far from conclusive. Updated systematic reviews of the scientific literature on this topic are lacking, especially for mechanistic studies. ObjectivesTo perform a systematic review of the scientific literature on genotoxic effects induced by RF-EMF in in vitro experimental models. The overall aim is to assess the confidence and level of evidence of the induced effects in mammalian cell cultures. MethodsFull details regarding the eligibility criteria, information sources, and methods developed to assess risk of bias in the included study, are reported in our published protocol (Romeo et al. 2021). The databases NCBI PubMed, Web of Science, and EMF-Portal were used as information sources (last searched on 31st December 2022). In developing the systematic review, we followed the guidelines provided by the National Toxicology Program-Office of Health Assessment and Translation (NTP-OHAT), adapted to the evaluation of in vitro studies. A narrative synthesis of the body of evidence was performed by tabulating data classified according to meaningful groups (endpoints) and sub-groups (exposure parameters). This report, abstract included, conforms to the PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. ResultsOut of 7750 unique records identified, 159 articles were eligible for inclusion. From the extracted data, we identified 1111 experiments (defined as independent specific combinations of diverse biological and electromagnetic parameters). The large majority (80%) of experiments reviewed did not show statistically significant genotoxic effects of RF-EMF exposures, and most “positive” studies were rated as of moderate to low quality, with negative ratings in the key bias domains. A qualitative evidence appraisal was conducted at the endpoint level, and then integrated across endpoints. DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the scientific literature on genotoxic effects in mammalian cell cultures in relation to RF-EMF exposure, which confirms and strengthens conclusions from previous syntheses of this specific topic thanks to the use of transparently reported methods, pre-defined inclusion criteria, and formal assessment of susceptibility to bias. Limitations of the evidence included were the frequent reporting of findings in graphical display only, and the large heterogeneity of experimental data, which precluded a meta-analysis. ConclusionsIn the assessment restricted to studies reporting a significant effect of the exposure on the outcome, we reached an overall assessment of “low” confidence in the level of evidence that RF-EMF induce genotoxic effects in mammalian cells However, 80% of experiments reviewed showed no effect of RF exposure on the large majority of endpoints, especially the irreversible ones, independently of the exposure features, level, and duration (moderate evidence of no effect). Therefore, we conclude that the analysis of the papers included in this review, although only qualitative, suggests that RF exposure does not increase the occurrence of genotoxic effects in vitro. Framework and fundingThis systematic review addresses one of the evidence streams considered in a larger systematic review of the scientific literature on the potential carcinogenicity of RF-EMF, performed by scientists from several Italian public research agencies. The project is supported by the Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL) in the framework of the CRA with the Istituto Superiore di Sanità “BRiC 2018/06 – Scientific evidence on the carcinogenicity of electromagnetic fields”.

Empowering a Knowledge-Based Economy: An Assessment of the Influence on Economic Development

Scientific research is one of the most important variables affecting the economic growth and development of a country, being the engine of innovation. In this regard, the relevance of various assessments of scientific interaction with economic development is determined by modern requirements. The study aims to investigate the impact of scientific research on economic development in Albania. The assessment was based on the analysis of secondary data from organisations such as Eurostat and INSTAT, which were further considered within the framework of an econometric model in EViews. The study highlighted the role of stimulating economic development in Albania in various sectors. The study demonstrated that scientific research is highly significant for the economic growth of a country. Based on the statistical data during the period from 1996 to 2022, a regression model was employed to simulate the relationship between independent variables (scientific labour force, public research and development (R&amp;D) expenditures, and patents) and the dependent variable (gross domestic product (GDP) growth). The study shows that these factors have a positive impact on the gross domestic product per capita in Albania. The empirical research results revealed that the scientific labour force, public R&amp;D expenditures and patents have a positive and significant impact on GDP growth in Albania. Based on the information received, recommendations were made to improve the quality of scientific research in the country. The result of this study could provide valuable information to policymakers and serve as scientific evidence for future studies.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Development of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Research in Global Publications

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the field of entrepreneurial ecosystems, mapping the evolving landscape of research from 1995 to 2024. Utilizing VOSviewer for visual network analysis, the research identifies central themes, examines co-authorship and institutional collaboration networks, and highlights the temporal progression of key topics. The findings reveal "entrepreneurial ecosystem" as a nexus connecting diverse research themes such as innovation, economic growth, and sustainability. Significant emphasis is placed on the integration of digital technologies and sustainability within entrepreneurial practices, reflecting shifting academic and practical priorities. The analysis of co-authorship networks shows robust collaboration among leading scholars and institutions, predominantly from Western regions, with increasing contributions from a global cohort. The study underscores the importance of incorporating diverse perspectives to fully understand the multifaceted nature of entrepreneurial ecosystems and suggests future research directions focusing on digital transformation and sustainability in entrepreneurship.

Economic education of preschool children. A pedagogical view of the phenomenon

The article presents the significance of economic education in a person’s life and the need for it from an early age. The stage of development from which education on the basics of economy should start is the preschool age (3-6 years). The age of the ancestors, the initial stage of the child’s consumer socialization, during which its effects and ideas about the world of consumption are shaped. The consumer behavior of preschool children is determined by parents, who can use the purchasing process in the upbringing process. This issue is very relevant, since it constitutes an integral part of each person’s life and it’s also a subject of interest in many fields of social sciences, each of which introduces a different view, hence it’s multidimensional nature. The essence and significance of the process of economic education, including equipping children with knowledge about economics as well as basic ability of its usage in certain life situations were presented based on the research of recent publications collected from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The article points out the existence of tools that could be used in the methodology of preschool teacher’s work. The offered examples taken from pedagogic practice could help teachers with implementing methods of efficient economical education in the field of preschool pedagogy. The findings presented in the article point towards the need for economic education of preschool children and show its integral and timeless nature. One of the tasks of economic education in kindergarten is to shape the foundations of economic culture, which emphasizes the relationship between economic education and morality.

PLANNING FOR INCREASING LECTURER RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY

The World Class University trend in higher education has an impact on the need for planning in the research aspect because the quantity and quality of research are very influential in global university rankings. This research explores planning strategies as well as challenges and obstacles in efforts to increase the research productivity of lecturers in the Building Engineering Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Jakarta based on the perspective of the study program coordinator. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach using data collection techniques in the form of documentation complete with interviews with the study program coordinator. The research productivity increases in some years, such 2021 and 2023, but there are inconsistent research trends from 2017 to 2024. Some of the plans carried out by the study program to increase lecturer research productivity include the 1 lecturer 1 publication per year program, expanding cooperation and collaboration with national and international universities in research and scientific publications, holding international scientific article publication workshops, initiating collaboration with industry in the field of research and forming a research team of lecturers. The obstacles and challenges faced by the study program include lecturer workload, resources, funding, and research administration burden

A critical review of neonatal parent support programme in United Kingdom: the effect of kangaroo mother care in NHS.

It has become critically important to provide a thorough understanding of the effects of the Kangaroo mother care (KMC) phenomenon on infants in the neonatal stage within the United Kingdom (UK). The current body of knowledge suggests numerous research publications globally, but the UK has yet to scale up its KMC practice. This study provides a critical review of the subject for a more nuanced understanding of the subject effect and to identify the current stage of KMC research in the UK. The findings were consistent with the body of knowledge on KMC with slight variations. Specifically, the UK has limited primary study in KMC. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) in KMC are minimal hence the UK is dependent on MedTech like an infant incubator which is a potential threat to KMC scale-up. Breastfeeding figures in the UK suggest depleting practice of KMC. The National and local policies captured KMC components but have impacted morbidity and mortality indices. It also showed three areas of divergence in practice and standardization. To enhance UK national and local policies uniformized guidelines and standardization of postnatal follow-up and community-based supervision are necessary.

Exploring Diabetes Research Trends in India: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis Using VOSviewer

Diabetes has become a pressing public health issue in India, prompting the need for a comprehensive understanding of research trends to effectively guide interventions. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis (BA) of diabetes research publications in India spanning from 2014 to 2023 to elucidate the research landscape. Through a systematic literature search using databases, a vast corpus of 498,138 publications was identified, predominantly comprising research and review articles. Temporal analysis of the data revealed a consistent publication output over the years, with a notable increase in recent years, indicating a growing research interest and focus on diabetes-related topics. Keyword analysis shed light on prevalent themes within the literature, such as experimental models and clinical aspects, showcasing the diversity of research focuses within the field. Top-cited articles predominantly addressed clinical studies, suggesting an emphasis on evidence-based research to inform clinical practice and policymaking. Co-authorship networks highlighted collaborative efforts among researchers, with the All India Institute of Medical Sciences emerging as a prominent contributor, reflecting the importance of collaborative research initiatives in tackling complex health challenges. Further analysis through bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis revealed thematic clusters within the literature, providing insights into specific research areas such as complications and case reviews. These thematic concentrations offer valuable directions for future research and intervention strategies.

Relationship between the number of nurses on staff and the outcomes of nurse-sensitive patients in acute specialized units: A systematic review

Background: The relationship between hospital acquired infections, patient outcomes, adverse events and death, and nursing workloads has been shown in several research. In order to examine the relationship between patient outcomes and the number of nurses on an acute specialty unit, we conducted this systematic review. Method: To enhance the quality of the systematic review, we followed the PRISMA declaration. We searched electronic sources; Pubmed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL to find research publications that looked into the relationship between patient outcomes and the number of nurses on acute specialty units. The search was limited to the English language and published between 2014 and 2023. Result: Six cross-sectional studies were considered in this systematic review. The majority of the research focused on two outcomes: morality and length of ICU hospitalization. Two studies do not include the typical NPR definition. One comprised 69 ICUs, found that a lower bed-to-nurse ratio and a daily plan of care review were both associated with a lower yearly ICU mortality. Instead than focusing on ICU personnel, improving communication is a low-cost, process-specific intervention strategy that may improve clinical outcomes in patients receiving ICU care. Conclusion: A negative association was seen in the majority of the included studies between hospital mortality, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and a rise of nurses in relation to the number of hospital beds or admitted patients.

Sibling anesthesiologists suggest clinical logbooks to counterbalance research publications and mitigate disparity between research output and clinical output

The question is which medical specialties are most commonly performing biomedical research. The question is which medical specialties are most commonly receiving research funding. The question is which medical specialties are most commonly suffering research addiction. Considering that delivery of healthcare for humanity is closely intertwined with innovation in science for humanity, clinicians benefitting professionally by creating public records of their clinical logbooks may be able to mitigate disadvantaged disparity in professional growth secondary to clinical output as compared to professional growth secondary to research output.