Public Works Research Articles

Stabilization of Dredged Soil by Compensating the Sand Content in the Jhelum River

River dredging is crucial for mitigating the risk of floods by enhancing the water-carrying capacity of rivers. Nevertheless, the key difficulty lies in the appropriate disposal of dredged material, resulting in escalated costs. Predominantly consisting of silt, the dredged material demonstrates constrained bearing capacity and strength. Nonetheless, there is a prospect to derive value from excavated sediments, with potential applications in diverse public works projects. The processed product derived from dredged material can serve diverse purposes, such as filling railway and highway embankments, as well as the subgrade of pavements. The comprehensive study involved analyzing the fundamental properties of the dredged material collected from the Allochibagh flood channel of the Jhelum River. The analysis focused on determining the basic geotechnical properties of the soil mass. The tests unveiled the fine and cohesive nature of the dredged soil. To enhance its properties, sand was introduced as a stabilizing agent in varying proportions. The investigation revealed an initial augmentation in compressive strength as the proportion of sand increased, attaining an optimal mixture whereafter the strength declined. This study explores the utilization of sand as a stabilizing agent for dredged soil to enhance its strength and optimize its application. The process of stabilizing dredged soil with sand demands a thorough examination of hydrogeological processes, the specific characteristics of the dredged soil, and the intricate transport of contaminants. This formal and multidisciplinary effort seeks to elevate the overall stability of the soil.

A Maintenance Cost and Work Performance Analysis on Irrigation Network at Kaubun Irrigation Area of East Kutai Regency, Indonesia

An irrigation network maintenance is an effort to maintain and secure the irrigation network to be always ready and well functioned. In facilitating its operational implementation and maintain its sustainability cycle, it can be attained through maintenance, repair, prevention, and security activities that must be conducted in continuity. The Kaubun irrigation area is one of the irrigation areas under the authority of central government with area length of 1,150 Ha (standard area) and 736 Ha (functional area), located in the East Kutai Regency. The Kaubun irrigation area has 1 (one) weir or dam and 2 (two) main canals. The irrigation network maintenance has not been carried out in routine and periodical ways either by the East Kalimantan Provincial Government or by the East Kutai Regency Government. Sediment accumulation is one of the main problems found in the secondary irrigation canal and able to cause canal blockage, reduced water flow capacity and increased infrastructure damage. This research was carried out by evaluating the Irrigation Network System and observing several factors causing channel damage with a guidance from regulation of Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Number:12/PRT/M/2015 on date 6 April 2015, regarding Exploitation and Maintenance of Irrigation Network. Result of the research showed that recapitulation of the work performance index for Kaubun Irrigation Network System was obtain the largest optimum value in Physical Infrastructure aspect with an index value of 29.01. Meanwhile, the result from main treatment priority by employing Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method found the Physical Infrastructure aspect has a limiting value of 0.462. Finally, the routine and periodical maintenance costs for the Kaubun irrigation area is IDR.3.753.835.675.00

Peningkatan Kinerja Pegawai Pada Bagian Pelaporan Administrasi Keuangan Pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Dan Tata Ruang Kabupaten Agam

This research aims to improve employee performance in the Financial Administration Reporting Section (Public Works and Spatial Planning Department of Agam Regency). The employee placement system at the Agam Regency Public Works and Spatial Planning Service is based on competency, education, training, and skills. The research was conducted using qualitative methods with a sample of informants consisting of revenue treasurers, computer operators, financial treasurers, and financial staff at the public works and spatial planning departments of Agam Regency. This research uses interview analysis techniques with stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research results show that the third indicator used is education and training. Competency and skills have not become a priority. Then, related to the process of achieving employee work targets at the Public Works and Spatial Planning Department of Agam Regency, it is influenced by three main factors, namely employee ability, work motivation, and rewards. The most basic issue is the ability of employees. Whereas there are many programs carried out by the Public Works and Spatial Planning Department of Agam Regency in order to stimulate employees and encourage their performance, employee limitations are the main obstacle. Work motivation activities range from leadership roles to providing rewards for employees who have achieved significant contributions.

유연근무제 활용 만족도가 업무성과와 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 자녀 유무의 조절효과

This study aims to conduct a quantitative analysis of the effect of the level of satisfaction with the use of the flexible work system of public officials on work performance and organizational commitment. In addition, the purpose of this study is to verify the moderating effect of the variable with or without children of public officials in the relationship between satisfaction with the use of the flexible work system, work performance, and organizational commitment. In order to statistically verify the research hypothesis, this study conducted statistical analysis on public officials of local government D. All public officials of local government D, which are the targets of this study, are regular public officials and include the main office, direct agency, affiliated agency, and business office. Excluding insufficient responses, the total number of respondents finally included in the statistical analysis of this study was 458. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the level of satisfaction with the flexible work system had a positive effect on the level of work performance and organizational commitment. In addition, it was verified that the child-presence variable has the effect of partially moderating the relationship between satisfaction with the flexible work system and work performance/organizational commitment. This study will contribute to the theoretical expansion of the domestic public sector flexible work system by verifying the level of satisfaction with the use of the flexible work system, the quantitative relationship between organizational outcome variables, and the moderating effect of the variable with or without children, one of the population control variables. In addition, the main analysis results derived from the statistical analysis of this study are expected to provide practical implications to induce more correct establishment and active use of the flexible work system in domestic public institutions in terms of design and execution.

PENITIPAN GANTI RUGI DALAM PENGADAAN TANAH JALAN TOL SERPONG-BALARAJA (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 422/PDT.BTH/2021/PN TNG)

The construction of the Serpong-Balaraja toll road faced issues with the amount of compensation not matching the determined results, leading to Custody of Compensation in the District Court. This article addresses two main problems: (1) Whether the Custody of Indemnity Procedure by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) and the Director aligns with the law, and (2) How the judge ruled in the Maryati case regarding the Custody of Indemnity by the Ministry of PUPR. This descriptive normative research uses literature studies for data collection, analyzed qualitatively, with conclusions drawn using the deductive method. It was found that the Ministry of PUPR and the Director General of Bina followed the consignment process correctly according to the laws, yet under Presidential Regulation Number 71 of 2012, if the eligible party rejects the compensation amount set by a final court decision, the consignment process fails to reach an agreement. Thus, the conclusion is that the Indemnity Deposit Procedure by the Ministry of PUPR in acquiring land for the Serpong-Balaraja toll road project did not comply with the applicable laws and regulations.

Analysis of Stakeholder Participation in the Road Rehabilitation Project in Jati Village, Garut Regency

In 2022, the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office (PUPR) of Garut Regency implemented a road rehabilitation project within the Garut Regency area. One of these projects was the rehabilitation of the road in Jati Village, Tarogong Kaler District. The road rehabilitation project involved various stakeholders. However, in practice, there were still issues with the low participation of stakeholders in the Jati Village road rehabilitation project in Garut Regency. The purpose of this study is to analyze stakeholder participation in the road rehabilitation project carried out by the PUPR office of Garut Regency in the 2022 fiscal year, with the research focus on Jati Village, Tarogong Kaler District. The research design uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method as the research method. The data collection process used interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The research results concluded that stakeholder participation in the Jati Village road rehabilitation project has not been fully realized. This is evident from the findings that show: first, in terms of the voice aspect, the delivery of ideas and suggestions from stakeholders has not been accommodated by the office. Second, in the access aspect, the government has not provided stakeholders with access to openly learn about the project. Third, in the control aspect, the level of community involvement in overseeing the project is very low. To improve the success of the road rehabilitation project, continuous support from the local government and active participation from all stakeholders are needed

Effective Project Delivery Method for Public Construction: Case in the Oromia Region, West Wallaga Zone

This thesis is to identify and evaluate effective delivery methods and assess their applicability to the local situations in the Oromia region of the West Wallaga Zone. The significance of the research is that the broadening of the service packages is believed to enable the optimization of the process and the product as a whole in the construction industry, as well as facilitate the development of the infrastructure sectors. The objective of this research is to identify effective project delivery methods for public works construction in the Oromia Region West Wallaga Zone. The data collection process used in the research had the option of two basic methods: primary data collection and secondary data collection. Accordingly, four project delivery methods based on their relevance to the local situation have been evaluated; their merits, demerits, and requirements have been identified. These methods are: the design-bid-build, construction managers (at resk and at fee), the design-build, and the design-build-operate-transfer methods. Based on these findings of the study, the design-bid-Build method has been the most widely used effective project delivery method in the Oromia Region West Wallaga Zone. Performance-based project delivery methods are thought to offer a way to develop the sector and to benefit all stakeholders. In order to benefit all parties involved in the building sector, this will serve as a beneficial addition to the current techniques.

Factors Affecting Contract Compliance and Execution of Public Works in the Executing Unit: Special Project Huallaga Central and Bajo Mayo in Peru, 2022

Cost overruns, delays, and poor quality are frequent in public investment projects under the contract modality, executed by the Executing Unit: Special Project Huallaga Central and Bajo Mayo (PEHCBM). The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that affect the fulfillment of contracts for the execution of public works in the PEHCBM. This research includes the determination of the most influential factors using the relative importance index (RII), as well as surveys administered to a sample of 25 experts. A total of 91 articles from 48 academic journals were selected. With the application of the RII, 21 factors were determined, distributed among the dimensions of cost, time, and quality, and validated by the experts with a Spearman’s coefficient of value 0.521. In the case study, seven relevant factors were determined in PEHCBM execution contracts, identifying overtime between 4.7% and 524.2%, as well as a cost increase between 8.8% and 52.2%. Similarly, adverse situations detected by the Comptroller’s Office were determined, with an accumulated economic damage of about PEN 19 million, determining the high influence of the cost, time, and quality dimensions on them. In conclusion, this study shows the high overtime and the deficient quality of the works carried out by the contracting modality, which generated economic damage to the State.

Analysis of Characteristics and Service Level of Pedestrian Facilities: Case Study of Ubud Tourist Destination, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of sidewalks and pedestrians, the level of service and the type of pedestrian crossing facilities that are appropriate on Jalan Raya Ubud. Primary data collection using manual survey methods, including road geometric data, pedestrian volume, pedestrian speed, volume of road crossers and vehicles. Secondary data collection use literature study methods which include the location maps and population. Data analysis based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Public Works (2014). Based on the results of the analysis, the average width of the North and South sidewalks is 1.4 m with an average effective width of the North sidewalk is 0.9 m, while on the South sidewalk the average effective width of the sidewalk is 0.95 m. The largest pedestrian flow on the North and South Sidewalks on weekdays and holidays occurs in the afternoon with a total of 520 p/h with an average speed of 4.32 km/h, a density of 12 p/100 m2 and 8 m2/p pedestrian space for the North sidewalk, and the South sidewalk with a flow of 389 p/ h with an average speed of 3.72 km/h, a density of 10 p/100 m2, and 10 m2/p pedestrian space. On holidays, the flow is 744 p/ h with an average speed of 2.63 km/ h, a density of 28 p/100 m2 , and a pedestrian space of 4 m2 /org for the North sidewalk. While the South sidewalk has a flow of 351 org / hour with an average speed of 4.06 km / hour, a density of 9 org / 100 m2 , and a space of 12 m2 /org. The level of service of the North and South sidewalks on weekdays is included in the “B” category. The level of service of the North sidewalk on holidays is in the “C” category and the South sidewalk is in the “B” category.

Relationship Between Agriculture and Forestry Workers, Authentic Leadership, and Organizational Commitment

This study examines the relationships between authentic leadership perceptions and organizational commitment levels of public personnel working in the agriculture and forestry sector. Within the scope of this research, surveys consisting of ready-made scales were used. The authentic leadership scale is a scale consisting of four dimensions and 16 items. The answers given to the surveys were interpreted using the SPSS package program. When the results of the research are evaluated in general; It appears that the perception of authentic leadership has a significant effect on organizational commitment. Looking at the demographic results; According to gender, it has been determined that men have more authentic leadership perceptions than women. According to education level; It appears that authentic leadership perception and organizational commitment do not differ. When examining whether employees’ authentic leadership perceptions and organizational commitments vary according to their age; It is seen that the perception of authentic leadership and organizational commitment differ according to age. While employees between the ages of 36 and 40 have higher perceptions of authentic leadership; Organizational commitment of those between the ages of 41 and 45 was higher.

Developmental approach of safety in ergonomics/human factors: insights of constructed safety in six work environments

This article brings together works on the concept of constructed safety in ergonomics, carried out over the last twenty-five years. Firstly, we situate this approach to safety in relation to previously developed existing models (e.g. regulated and managed safety) with regard to the development of activity-centred ergonomics. We then present six research actions in activity-centred ergonomics from a selection of different fields, from small companies to the industry of the future in an international group: public works, hospitals, aeronautical industry, railway transport, agriculture, and chemical industry, in order to describe constructed safety applications. The results highlight that constructed safety is respectively raised by mutual knowledge between workers and management, collective decision making, collective reflexive work on safety rules, spatiotemporal articulation of the different safety sources, knowledge integration on pesticide exposure situations by designers and regulation, social regulation sustaining risk understanding and safety aspect involving a diversity of actors (workers, preventionists, managers, local residents and public authorities). By focusing on the analysis of actual safety practices in real work and real exposure situations, constructed safety aims to account for the way in which safety is deployed on a daily basis to meet production and health objectives. This understanding contributes to the design of safe work systems in a developmental way and to propose an operating model of constructed safety.

Building Public Health Workforce Capacity: Longer-Term Effectiveness of a Capacity Building Intervention to Improve Community-Based Public Health Prevention Work

Objective: There is an urgent need to build capacity among existing and incoming public health workers to enhance community-based work focused on prevention and health promotion. Public Health Essentials (PHE), a cohort-based facilitated asynchronous online capacity building intervention, was designed to build public health workers’ strategic skills and professional confidence. Earlier research reported on the short-term learning outcomes of the intervention; here we report on results from a longer-term outcomes evaluation, including skill retention, skill application, and possible indicators of workforce retention and community health improvement.Methods: A sequential mixed-methods research study was used to assess and explore longer-term outcomes among a sample of PHE graduates working in community public health roles.Results: Some 46% of eligible PHE graduates (n=70) completed a skills survey at three timepoints: Pre-PHE, post-PHE, and 3-to-6 months post-PHE completion. Longitudinal analysis of responses showed statistically significant skill gains over baseline (Beginner → Proficient, p<0.005), despite a slight drop in self-perceived ability in the 3-6 months post-PHE completion. Qualitative interviews with respondents and focus groups with their supervisors suggest PHE completion benefits participants’ everyday work by developing strategic skills, and grounding their work in shared public health language, paradigms, and values. Broader reported benefits include the ability to apply new skills to community public health prevention projects and expressed motivation to continue to work in public health.Conclusions: Successful completion of PHE provides learners with durable skills applicable to public health work and may spur interest in continuing to work in the field of public health. The importance of developing and retaining a competent community-focused public health workforce cannot be overstated. Comprehensive facilitated, online asynchronous capacity building programs may be an effective tool.

Citizens as Co-producers of Public Service Culture: How Citizen Incivility Affects Public Employee Motivations to Stay and Serve

While public administration ethics literature has accumulated a significant amount of knowledge on how to promote public service culture steeped in ethics, the primary focus of the scholarly discussion has long been on the importance of developing ethics among public employees and in their organizations. Based on the premise that citizens are co-producers of the public service culture, this study turns attention to citizens and their commitment to ethical values when interacting with public employees. Specifically, this study examines how citizen incivility influences public employee work attitudes, particularly public employee turnover intention and their desire to serve the public. The analyses were conducted using survey data collected from Korean public employees. The findings suggest that citizen incivility is negatively associated with public employees’ motivation to serve the public (i.e., public service motivation), that citizen incivility is positively associated with public employee intention to leave their jobs, and that the relationship between uncivil citizen behaviors and public employee turnover intention is partially mediated through public service motivation.

Impact of productive social safety net on households' vulnerability to poverty in Tanzania.

Social safety nets are expanding in Sub-Saharan Africa. While proponents perceive them as a means to combat poverty and vulnerability, opponents view them as wasteful use of scarce public resources and do not significantly overcome poverty. Previous studies have primarily focused on assessing the impact of these policies on current poverty levels, with insufficient evidence available regarding their impact on future poverty, which deserves equal attention. We drew on the Tanzanian 2017-18 Household Budget Survey, comprising 9,463 households to evaluate the impact of productive social safety net (PSSN) program on households' vulnerability to poverty (VP). The VP was evaluated using vulnerability as expected poverty (VEP), whereas the impact was estimated using Instrumental Variable (IV) method. We found that PSSN reduces household VP by 13.4%, suggesting that it is an effective policy instrument for reducing poverty and vulnerability. Notably, the estimated impacts were greater for households enrolled in conditional cash transfer (CCT) and public work (PW) combined, suggesting that a package of CCT and PW is likely to have a more substantial impact within the realm of social safety nets. Our findings offer evidence in favor of policies that promote the broader expansion of social safety nets as anti-poverty policy instruments.

Effectiveness of the Village Fund Program in Aengdake Village, Bluto District, Sumenep Regency

Aengdake Village is located at the eastern tip of Madura Island, where one of the Village Fund programs that has been successfully implemented to date is the health post, starting from toddlers to teenagers to the elderly. This health post is very useful, especially for the health of toddlers, to prevent stunting in children. At the same time, for teenagers, you can consult regarding the problems they are experiencing, and for the elderly, it is very useful. Many elderly people need treatment, especially their knees. This research aims to determine the implementation, improvement of quality, potential, and effectiveness of Village Funds in implementing funding programs in Aengdake Village, Bluto District, Sumenep Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research methods. The data collection techniques used in this research are interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this research show that the implementation of the village fund program in Aengdake Village, Bluto District, Sumenep Regency includes (a) Government operations, village government facilities and infrastructure, population administration, civil registration and statistics, government administration, and land. (b) Development: education, health, public works and spatial planning, transportation, communication, and information. (c) Development: youth and sports, as well as PKK development. (d) Community empowerment: agriculture and animal husbandry, and increasing the capacity of village officials. (e) Unexpected costs.

A method for evaluating ecosystem services that can be used for the management of nature-based solution projects: A case study of Shiosai-Nagisa in Tokyo Bay

The major challenges in nature-based solution projects are evaluating the various ecosystem services and managing the projects in a sustainable manner while also considering various social issues. Here, we propose a method that can simultaneously evaluate multiple ecosystem services of nature-based solution projects (e.g., environmental improvement projects) and their sustainability, and we apply this method to Shiosai-Nagisa in Tokyo Bay. This method has three steps: (1) scoring each ecosystem service based on field data, (2) estimating the permissible economic value (i.e., the acceptable cost in monetary terms) of public works for each service in the reference value condition (service score = 100 points), and (3) calculating the economic value of each ecosystem service by using the service score and the permissible economic value of public works. Service scores are calculated from the present status and the likely near-term future status. This future status is obtained from a trend score and pressure and resilience scores, the latter of which represent environmental factors that can positively or negatively impact services. Since the service scores are related to environmental factors, the economic value obtained by this method is also related to environmental factors. Sustainability scores can also be evaluated using the likely near-term future status. As a test case, the method was applied to the management of an actual environmental improvement project. For ecosystem services with a negative sustainability score, we identified the environmental factors that contribute to negative sustainability and confirmed that improving those factors would improve the service index, sustainability score, and economic value. These results suggest that this method can be used to compare various project values and help project managers and stakeholders to better understand and visualize ecosystem services.

Pengaruh Kinerja dan Profesionalisme Kerja Pegawai terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Publik pada Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kota Banjarmasin

This study aims to determine and analyze: (1) Performance affects the quality of public services at the National and Political Unity Agency of Banjarmasin City, (2) Employee Work Professionalism affects the Quality of Public Services at the National and Political Unity Agency of Banjarmasin City, (3) Performance and Professionalism of Employee Work affects the Quality of Public Services Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik in Banjarmasin. The approach used in this study is using a quantitative approach. The population in this study amounted to 30 people who were sampled in this study using saturated sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires measured using Likert scales. Data processing using the SPSS computer program version 26.0. The results of the study proved that partially (1) performance did not have a positive and significant influence on the quality of public services, (2) work professionalism had a positive and significant influence on the quality of public services and (3) work performance and professionalism had a positive and significant influence on the quality of public services.

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Rendahnya Kualitas Pekerjaan Konstruksi Jalan di Pasaman Regency

In an effort to meet the needs for optimum road facilities and infrastructure, through the Public Works and Spatial Planning Department, every year there are road construction and improvement activities in Pasaman Regency. The quality of road construction and improvement projects in Pasaman Regency is relatively low, so researchers conducted an analysis of the things that influence this low quality. The aim of this research is to identify factors that influence the low quality of road improvement and construction projects in Pasaman Regency and analyze the dominant factors. The data collection technique was carried out using a quantitative method, namely distributing questionnaires to respondents. Next, data processing was carried out by testing validity, reliability and factor analysis using SPSS. The results of the research conducted showed that there were 6 factors that influenced the low quality of road improvement and construction projects in Pasaman Regency, namely environmental and technical factors 16.686%, work method factors 12.047%, equipment factors 10.971%, labor factors 10.039%, managerial factors 8.648%, and external factors 7.999%. The dominant factors influencing the low quality of construction work in road improvement and construction in Pasaman district are environmental and technical factors, which consist of the response of the surrounding environment regarding project safety; existing and physical characteristics of buildings around the location; natural disasters; material prices; and funding at the contractor.

The Effect of Work Discipline and Organizational Culture on Employee Morale with Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable at the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office of Boven Digoel Regency.

This study discusses the effect of work discipline and organizational culture on employee morale with work motivation as an intervening variable at the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office of Boven Digoel Regency. This research uses quantitative methods with an associative approach. The results concluded that work motivation is not able to mediate the effect of work discipline on employee morale. The effect of organizational culture on employee morale at the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office of Boven Digoel Regency will be greater if done through work motivation. The direct effect of organizational culture on morale is smaller than the indirect effect of organizational culture on morale. It can be concluded that work motivation is able to mediate the effect of organizational culture on employee morale. Recommendations, the leadership of the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office of Boven Digoel Regency should improve work discipline by providing examples and disciplinary sanctions according to violations committed by subordinates, need to improve their organizational culture by increasing awareness in carrying out their responsibilities. To increase work enthusiasm, it can be done by providing motivation to each employee in order to create the desired goals.

Animations to communicate public health prevention messages: a realist review protocol

IntroductionWith digital and social media advances, animated health communications (health animations) are highly prevalent globally, yet the evidence base underpinning them remains unclear and limited. While individual studies have attempted...