Public Recreation Areas Research Articles

Stemming the Rising Tide of Human-Biting Ticks and Tickborne Diseases, United States.

Ticks and tickborne diseases are increasingly problematic. There have been positive developments that should result in improved strategies and better tools to suppress ticks, reduce human tick bites, and roll back tickborne diseases. However, we equally need to address the question of who is responsible for implementing the solutions. The current model of individual responsibility for tick control evolved from a scenario in the 1990s focusing strongly on exposure to blacklegged ticks and Lyme disease spirochetes in peridomestic settings of the northeastern United States. Today, the threat posed by human-biting ticks is more widespread across the eastern United States, increasingly complex (multiple tick species and >10 notable tickborne pathogens), and, across tick species, more spatially diffuse (including backyards, neighborhood green spaces, and public recreation areas). To mitigate tick-associated negative societal effects, we must consider shifting the responsibility for tick control to include both individual persons and professionally staffed tick-management programs.

ПРИНЦИПЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ГОРОДСКИХ НАБЕРЕЖНЫХ КАК КОМФОРТНОЙ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ РЕКРЕАЦИОННОЙ СРЕДЫ

The authors address the problem of development of urban waterfront territories. Therefore the focus is on the basic principles of the organization of public recreational areas. The relevance of the interest is generally stipulated by the following reasons. Firstly, due to the analysis of the domestic and overseas waterfront design experience it seems reasonable to point out that the quality of urban living depends directly on the viability of open public spaces. The waterfront area proves to be a major element of urban tissue that can be related as the city image. Secondly, it can be reasonable to outline a range of issues that are extremely important for many cities in Russia such as the lack of land improvement, comfortable living environment and architectural-aesthetic identity in terms of the image of waterfront areas. The article aims to reveal basic principles of spatial organization of urban waterfront areas. The study is carried out on the material of the domestic and overseas experience in design solu-tions and existing public recreational areas. This implies the analysis and comparison of the following cases: waterfront revival in great cities and suburban towns within Russia as well as overseas experi-ence on regeneration of abandoned waterfront areas. Furthermore, there is the description of the main methods, principles, prospective directions in design management and architectural-aesthetic features of each considering design solution. The methodological basis of the research incorporates architectur-al, art, historical and cultural approaches. In terms of key results of the research we consider highlighting such principles of the organiza-tion of urban waterfronts as multilayer communication structure which are the priority for pedestrian circulation and multilevel waterfront environment; the ability to access water bodies, the addition of focal points, viable and barrier-free environment. Moreover, one of the most important factors is the concentration of urban recreational areas with diverse multifunctional zones that can be used both in summer and winter seasons. The preservation of ecological framework and maintenance of biodiversi-ty, the reliance on water protection zones as well as the appliance of eco-materials are also considered to be a range of inalienable measures in urban waterfront design. Waterfronts cannot be designed sepa-rately from adjacent urban bodies that, for example, can represent historical value. Architectural-aesthetic image of urban waterfronts should meet the modern tendencies in architecture, urban plan-ning and design or emphasize historical identity of urban development. The overall statements are supported by the analysis of the following design solutions: the embankment of Zaryadye Park in Moscow; the design of the waterfront regeneration in Divnogorsk in Krasnoyarsk region; the design of Riga waterfront in Latvia, the design of Seine quayside reinvention in Paris; the East River waterfront in New York; the waterfront arear HafenCity in Hamburg. Overall, due to the results of our research the organization of urban waterfronts incorporates a variety of crucial factors (in terms of architecture, urban planning and design, imageability, ecology, economy etc) which add the complexity to the designing process. Nevertheless, the implementation of the basic principles of design provides waterfronts with the high level of diversity and comfort for cities’ inhabitants.

Genetic diversity and structure of wild <i>Vaccinium</i> populations - <i>V. myrtillus</i>, <i>V. vitis-idaea</i> and <i>V. uliginosum</i> in the Baltic States

L., L. and L. belong to the genus . These wild species are widely distributed and ecologically important within the Baltic countries but they have not been extensively studied using molecular markers. EST-SSR and cpSSR markers were used to investigate the population structure and genetic diversity of these species to obtain information useful for the development of conservation strategies. Wild species populations are moderately genetically differentiated, with some populations more highly differentiated, but without higher order clustering of groups of populations, indicating that there are no dispersal barriers for these species within the Baltic countries. Genetic diversity of populations growing in protected areas, managed forests and intensively utilised public recreational areas is similar. The results from this study can be utilised for the selection of populations for the conservation of the studied species. In addition, complementary conservation strategies can be used for the preservation of rare varieties (e.g. var. ).VacciniummyrtillusV. vitis-idaeaV. uliginosumVacciniumin situVacciniumin situVacciniumex situV. myrtillusleucocarpum

Concepts of hospitality and its application in the built space

PurposeThis study began with the following question: how hospitality concepts have contributed to the quality of cities and to the qualification of urban tourist destinations. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the historical evolution of the concepts of hospitality and their implications in the contemporary concept of the hospitality of the built space.Design/methodology/approachIn this study an analytical empirical approach was used, focusing on the concepts and paradigms that support the studies of the hospitality of built space. The method was based on the representation of hospitality as spatial reading indexes according to the categories of analysis: identity, accessibility, and readability, as stated by Grinover (2007), Raymond (1997) and Lynch (1997). The empirical study, in the Brazilian context, took as its object of analysis the urban hospitality of the three cities that were capitals of Brazil throughout its history: Salvador da Bahia, Rio de Janeiro and Brasília.FindingsThe results of the research confirm the pertinence of the categories of analysis proposed for the understanding of hospitality of the built space and proposes other categories of analysis related to accessibility in its interfaces with identity and readability.Practical implicationsThis study can contribute with new understandings in the field of the hospitality of the built space as support to public managers and trade tourist managers that can give quality to the urban space for tourists, and for the citizens as well. Because, in the Brazilian context, the formulation of public policies for public transport services, mobility, accessibility and recreation areas are linked to public managers; in the same way that private initiatives and incentives for leisure, entertainment, and tourism are linked to the managers of the tourist trade.Originality/valueNew possibilities of the understanding of urban hospitality in tourist destinations by the categories of analysis listed – identity, readability and accessibility. Accessibility was the spatial condition that most needed attention as urban hospitality in the Brazilian tourist destinations studied. Otherwise, a contribution was made to the area of study in urban hospitality, given the scarcity of scientific literature on the subject.

Sounding out Place and Cultural Memory in Tempelhofer: Human Scale

Sounding out Place and Cultural Memory in <i>Tempelhofer: Human Scale</i>

El ocio y la recreación como factores determinantes de bienestar: El caso del Municipio de Pesquería, Nuevo León

El presente artículo analiza la percepción que tienen los habitantes del municipio de Pesquería, Nuevo León en México, sobre el ocio y esparcimiento como determinantes de bienestar personal y social. El municipio, con dicotomía rural-urbano, ha experimentado cambios graduales en el crecimiento de su población, pues se ha multiplicado velozmente en los últimos años por la llegada de grandes inversiones. Esto trae consigo nuevas necesidades, percibidas por la población como una alternativa ante los nuevos desafíos y cambios en las costumbres de los habitantes del municipio de Pesquería, N. L. Las actividades de ocio y recreación, así como la disponibilidad de nuevos y más espacios públicos y privados de entretenimiento son vistos como alternativa al nuevo panorama de dinamismo municipal o estrés urbano. Es de importancia social, económica, ambiental y política atender este fenómeno socio-urbano que impacta en el bienestar de los habitantes del municipio. Por tal motivo, las percepciones de los habitantes serán cruciales para delimitar el bagaje de satisfactores de bienestar derivado de las iniciativas y programas sociales, públicos y privados que se dirigen a satisfacer estas nuevas necesidadessociales.

Реновационное проектирование общественных парков в городах крайнего севера (Западная Сибирь)

The article is devoted to the issue of the specifics of the renovation design of urban public parks and recreation areas in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra to create a comfortable living environment.

Krasnoyarsk Urban Environment: Main Characteristics

The article discusses the main features of the urban architecture of Krasnoyarsk, the specifics of public transport and the availability of urban space for residents, the problems of public safety in the city; features of parks and public recreation areas; the peculiarity of urban management and the involvement of citizens in the processes of city management. The study is based on modern approaches to the consideration of the urban environment as a result of the interaction of residents and city government. The article is based on a wide range of sources: modern studies of the urban environment in Russia and abroad, official sites of the administration and city services, statistics, modern studies of the urban environment of Krasnoyarsk conducted by scientists of the Siberian Federal University. The results of the study reveal the transitional state of the urban environment of Krasnoyarsk, its rich potential and indicate the main problems and prospects for further development

Reser- vatogenic successions of the psammophyte steppe on the island of Khortytsia

Тhis work presents data on the functional state and reservatogenic changes of the largest integral massif of the psamophytic steppe which is situated in the island of Khortytsia. The research was conducted by the authors from 1996 till 1997, from 2010 till 2012 and from 2016 till 2018 by means of general geographic, floristic and geobotanical methods of field studies using systematic, biomorphological, environmental coenotic, and geographical analysis. The flora of the territory of 11 hectares includes 136 species of vascular plants from 103 genera of 40 families. The spectrum of 10 leading families in the studied flora coincides with other steppe spectra: such as, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Apiaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Brassicaceae, Ranunculaceae. The grassland is dominated by steppe and meadow-steppe species from xeremosophytes and mezoxeremosophytes. Partial domination of species Stipa pennata L., S. capillata L. and Festuca valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaudin characterizes this territory, as steppe groups with a well-preserved kernel of steppe species characteristic of primary groups that have undergone minor anthropogenic influences. Yet the 27 ruderal species segetal group indicates the negative impact of recreation on the territory, as evidenced by the highest percentage of representation for this group of plants ecotonic areas adjacent to public recreation areas that are most exposed to trampling. It was determined that there were phytocenoses degressive reservatogenic changes. It is confirmed by a decrease in the percentage of projective coverage, a decrease in the proportion of species of the genus Stipa L., a change in the floristic composition as to increase the participation of segetal and ruderal and adventitious species. Degradation processes are manifested, first of all, in ecotonous areas with increased recreational anthropogenic pressure. Estimation of functional state and reservatogenic changes of steppe psamophytic groups in Khortytsia island is an urgent and necessary step for determining the tends of changes in valuable zonal phytogroups, the feasibility of developing and implementing scientific substantiation of the relevant regulatory measures.

Neighbourhood environment and transport-related and leisure-time sedentary behaviour amongst women in a city in Southern Brazil: a multilevel analysis.

To assess the association between neighbourhood environmental variables and excessive transport-related and leisure-time sedentary behaviour (ETSB and ELSB, respectively) amongst adult women in Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a representative sample of 1079 women 20 to 69years of age who lived in 44 neighbourhoods. Each neighbourhood was determined by drawing a 400-m buffer around the median point of the participants' homes. Neighbourhoods were assessed by audit and by using government data. Sedentary behaviour (SB) and the remaining individual variables were assessed via questionnaire that was administered as an interview. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted. In the adjusted analysis, women who lived in neighbourhoods with a higher percentage of terrain slope and fewer public recreation areas per resident had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased odds of exhibiting ETSB and ELSB, with 50% and 40% increases, respectively. The results show that some aspects of the neighbourhood environment such as terrain slope and total public recreation areas per resident are related to specific SBs, indicating that improvements in neighbourhoods can reduce SB in women.

Where are the geohelminths? search of parasites in public recreation areas and parks in the metropolitan region of Campinas, SP, Brazil

Geohelminths are parasites that need, to complete their life cycle, a stage in the soil. Diseases caused by these helminths gain importance in public health because of their association with lack of sanitation and health education. The contamination of public spaces open to the community for leisure in the literature is quite common due to the risks that these areas offer: presence of waste, feces, insects, domestic animals, insolation, humidity and soil suitable for the survival of parasites. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the sanitary conditions of the soil (sand) from public areas and parks in the metropolitan region of Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Quantifying Residential Access and Exposure to Greenspace Using High-Resolution Remotely Sensed Data: A Case Study of Metro Vancouver, British Columbia

Despite growing evidence demonstrating the health benefits of greenspaces, the potential differences in effect depending on type of greenspace exposure remain relatively unexplored. The present research aims to develop a methodology to (1) identify greenspace using remotely sensed data and (2) model residential access and exposure to greenspace and the relative difference in vegetation type.Methods:2014 RapidEye satellite imagery and LiDAR datasets from 2008-2015 were combined in eCognition for object-based segmentation, and then classified using Random Forest in R to produce a high-resolution (5m) land cover map of Metro Vancouver, Canada. The land cover map includes 14 classes &amp;#8211; covering, for example, coniferous, deciduous, shrub, and grass-herb vegetation. Using the land cover map, greenspace access was calculated as the presence of a public park, recreation area or reserve (&amp;#8805; 1 hectare) within 300m of residential postal codes and greenspace exposure was calculated as the proportion of greenspace and each land cover type, within several buffer zones of residential postal codes.Results:The land cover map has an overall accuracy of 89% with a kappa of 0.88. Compared to traditional greenness metrics, such as NDVI, the land cover map provides a more detailed model of the variety and distribution of greenspace. Initial analyses suggest that more urbanized areas have greater access to public greenspace and higher exposure to built-up classes and broadleaf vegetation, with grass-herb vegetation increasingly dominant in rural and agricultural areas.Conclusions:This research presents a method of identifying and quantifying greenspace that can be applied widely. Differentiating greenspace access and exposure metrics, including relative distribution of land cover type, will help define which aspects and qualities of greenspaces may provide the most benefits. Such information will provide important guidance for prioritization in urban planning and public health policy.

Legislación urbana y oferta de áreas verdes de recreación en Mérida, Yucatán

El derecho urbanístico es un tema prioritario de los estudios urbanos que permite el análisis de la intervención del Estado en las características del desarrollo urbano. Los espacios públicos de recreación con vegetación en las ciudades ofrecen amplios beneficios ambientales y sociales a los habitantes. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar y analizar las leyes, reglamentos y programas de desarrollo urbano que se vinculan a la presencia y conservación de las áreas verdes y arboladas en los espacios públicos recreativos de Mérida, Yucatán, cuyos enunciados, competencias, lagunas y contradicciones pueden favorecer o restringir la presencia de dichos espacios.

Reducing the Costs of Paying for Consumed Electric Energy by Utilizing Solar Energy

The use of a low-power solar network and standalone power plants is the most promising for the needs of the housing and utilities sector, small industrial enterprises, social and public health facilities, recreation areas, remote objects, and agricultural industries; this will make it possible to reduce the load on the energy system at peak moments, as well as to decrease losses when transporting electric energy in its elements. It is assumed that the minimum value of the unit cost of generated electric energy is used as the criterion for configuring and selecting the parameters of solar power equipment, which will make it possible to set up an economically feasible additional power supply to the consumer, since it excludes the use of storage devices and rearrangement of the power supply system.

DIGITAL CAPTURE AND FABRICATION TOOLS FOR INTERPRETATION OF HISTORIC SITES

Abstract. Historic sites and the narratives they produce can have a lasting impact on the community through public engagement and education. However, when these sites are neglected and lost over time, opportunities to engage the public with the history of these places is lost with them. The interpretation of heritage that has been lost or forgotten is an emerging trend in humanities studies. This trend, in combination with technological advancements in digital media and representation, presents an innovative opportunity for historic preservation professionals to create new paths for public engagement. This paper discusses applications of photogrammetry, 3D modeling, and digital fabrication in digitally reconstructing interpretive models of the Larz Anderson Estate (now Larz Anderson Park). This site has changed dramatically through its transition from a private estate to a public park and recreation area, with few remnants of the original estate remaining extant. The above stated use of digital strategies aims to create digital and physical models of the estate’s change over time, with the aim of interpreting the site's lost heritage for the public. Combining existing archival research and heritage documentation methods with these digital representation techniques tells the story of a place that no longer exists.

Investigating the accessibility factors affecting hotel satisfaction of people with physical disabilities

People with physical disabilities (PwPD) have various incompacities, use different assistive devices and can encounter many barriers in hotels. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of accessibility, disability types and forms of assistive devices on the hotel satisfaction of PwPD. A survey was conducted among PwPD who use mobility devices. Factor analysis revealed five accessibility dimensions: accessibility of public areas, rooms, recreation and other areas, baths in rooms, and food and beverage areas. Accessibility dimensions, disability types and forms of assistive devices had significant impact on the hotel satisfaction while accessibility of public, recreation and other areas, and baths in rooms were the strongest predictors of the satisfaction. People with acquired physical disabilities, powerchair and wheelchair users were the most disadvantaged group in hotels. Hotel satisfaction of PwPD is directly related to the accessibility of hotels. Insufficient and inaccessible areas have negative effect on this satisfaction.

SCENARIO APPROACH PRINCIPLES IN ORGANIZATION OF PUBLIC RECREATIONAL SPACES THROUGH THE EXAMPLE OF PARKS

Public recreational spaces play an important role in city structure. The article studies scenario approach principles in organization of open public recreational areas through the example of parks and views scenario theme and its role in organization of public recreational spaces. The parks classifi cation according to theme line is proposed, four main themes are revealed: history (archeology), culture and ethnics, tales and mythology, science and technologies. The correlation between parks theme and their planning patt ern is shown. The theme parks are analyzed in the context of planning-compositional and functional characteristics. Parks pathways are looked into the matt er of space perception, the authenticity of demonstration objects is viewed.

Evaluating Persuasive Messages to Influence Dog Leash Law Compliance at a Public Area in the Great Plains

Visitors to public recreation areas where dogs are permitted often choose not to place their pets on leashes despite the presence of enforceable leash law regulations. Unleashed dogs can impact the safety of visitors, wildlife, and the environment and burden managers with additional duties. Often, improving leash law compliance is considered a law enforcement issue rather than a behavior that can be modified through education. We tested several persuasive messages addressing leash law compliance at a western Nebraska public recreation area where visitors are allowed to be accompanied by dogs. The area is an important nesting area for a legally protected shorebird, the piping plover ( Charadrius melodus ); unleashed dogs in plover nesting areas present a serious concern for managers. The majority of dog owners (81.3%) was aware of existing leash law regulations and expressed a high likelihood (4.13/5) of leashing their pet even though observations showed chronically low (16%) compliance rates. Urban and rural visitors perceived persuasive messages similarly. A persuasive message that emphasized avoiding dog bites and fights was the most likely to persuade dog owners to leash their pets. An education campaign focusing on this message may be helpful in improving leash law compliance in public recreation areas.

Muslim travellers' needs: What don't we know?

Halal tourism, a term widely used as a synonym for Muslim travel, refers to products, leisure, recreation and social purposes that comply with Islamic teaching. This study considers the needs of this increasingly large travel market. Existing studies repeatedly emphasise the needs for Halal food, Halal restaurants, religious practices, and Halal compliant accommodation, tours, and destinations. By contrasting existing studies with the key cultural facets of interaction and communication derived from the Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) theory, the researchers found the need to better identify Muslim travellers' needs from the Culture norms, Verbal and non-verbal communication, Life Scripting, and Relationships domains. Proposed studies include understanding the role of travel for individual well-being in Islamic life, identifying the specifics of verbal and non-verbal interaction with Muslim tourists, investigating the management of the segregation of the sexes in public recreational areas, and supporting Islamic religious and cultural events.

Homicide And Traffic Mortality In Youth Living In Slums Under Regeneration Projects: A Comparative Analysis

Introduction: Accidents and violence are currently a major public health problem mainly amongst the youth. Regeneration projects (RP) in urban slums have the potential to impact health events. This study aims to compare the rates of homicides and death by traffic accidents in the population 0-19 years old living in the slums with and without RP (RP+ and RP-, respectively) and the city as a whole, in large urban center, Southeast Brazil, from 2002 to 2012. Methods: This ecological study uses mortality data and 2007 population estimate comparing five slums RP+, five slums RP- and the city. Regenerations include environmental and urban recuperation such as housing, sanitation, eradication of risk areas, increased access to public services and recreational areas; and land titling among others. The ratio rates of homicide and traffic accidents mortality were calculated for each area of comparison. Results: From 2,524 deaths, 81.6% were caused by homicides and 18.4% by traffic accidents. Compared to RP-, the risk of dying from homicide in the RP+ was 0.83 (p=0.072) and compared to the city was 2.30 (p