Abstract
Introduction: Accidents and violence are currently a major public health problem mainly amongst the youth. Regeneration projects (RP) in urban slums have the potential to impact health events. This study aims to compare the rates of homicides and death by traffic accidents in the population 0-19 years old living in the slums with and without RP (RP+ and RP-, respectively) and the city as a whole, in large urban center, Southeast Brazil, from 2002 to 2012. Methods: This ecological study uses mortality data and 2007 population estimate comparing five slums RP+, five slums RP- and the city. Regenerations include environmental and urban recuperation such as housing, sanitation, eradication of risk areas, increased access to public services and recreational areas; and land titling among others. The ratio rates of homicide and traffic accidents mortality were calculated for each area of comparison. Results: From 2,524 deaths, 81.6% were caused by homicides and 18.4% by traffic accidents. Compared to RP-, the risk of dying from homicide in the RP+ was 0.83 (p=0.072) and compared to the city was 2.30 (p
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