Public Organizations Research Articles

The Influence Of Job Evaluation On The Wage Bill In Public Sector Organizations

Public service is the main driver of growth for most developing countries. It is a key component because it facilitates the delivery of services to the citizens. However, despite the efforts to grow the economy and deliver quality services, there are challenges with the costs associated with ever-increasing public sector wages. Although a well-paid public sector could be more efficient, the wage bill should be maintained at fiscally sustainable levels to enable the achievement of development goals. Kenya like other developing countries has been grappling with the management of costs associated with wages in the public sector, which were growing at an alarming rate. This is mainly because of the large number of employees, arbitrary determination of wages and implementation of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010. This study will seek to examine the influence of human resource strategies for managing the public sector wage bill in Kilifi County, Kenya. The study will particularly focus on human resource strategies such as job evaluation, total rewards, and performance-related pay and their influence on the management of the public sector wage bill in public sector organizations within Kilifi County. These public sector organizations are expected to be implementing these strategies although the degree of implementation may be varying. The study will, therefore, seek to find out the extent to which their application influences the management of the wage bill costs to a manageable level. The study will also examine the theories associated with wage management. The theories of equity, efficiency wage, and public sector motivation will be examined to determine their influence on the management of wages in the public sector. Questionnaires will be developed and self-administered to the human resource management professionals in the public sector organizations. This will enable the Researcher to capture perceptions of the application of these strategies in their organizations. Their in-depth understanding of the human resource strategies being studied will be useful to the study. The study design will be a survey of the 52 government organizations within Kilifi County thus the target population for the survey will be a census of the 52 public sector organizations. The sampling method applied will be purposive thus the HR professionals will be the respondents. The data collected will be analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) which will be used to establish the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The findings of the study will be presented in the form of tables, charts and statistical measures such as an analysis of variance

Механизмы внедрения технологий искусственного интеллекта в здравоохранение: новые этические вызовы

Currently, systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) are finding increasing application in medicine. Acting as assistants of both the attending physician and managing physician, they can be a good help in solving a number of problems in modern healthcare, such as staff shortage, professional burnout and, in some cases, insufficient staff qualification. However, this leads to increased requirements for reliability of such systems. Introduction of a new advanced technology raises a number of ethical issues and problems, the solution of which is necessary to gain trust of people and reduce distrust associated with the use of AI technologies. It seems that if ethical standards determine and set the progressive development of artificial intelligence, this will lead to the maximum benefit from the use of this technology in healthcare. The paper examines the ethical aspects of transition of software into the category of medical devices. At the same time, legal and organizational mechanisms for solving ethical problems at both the international and domestic levels are provided. The activities of both public and government organizations in this field are considered. The need to obtain the permission of ethical committees for conducting clinical trials and ensuring informed consent of patients is emphasized. It also highlights the importance of integrating medical data into structured datasets that can be registered as databases. This will contribute to improved quality of medical research and practice.

An Assessment of the Challenges of Public and Private Security Organisations in Nigeria

An Assessment of the Challenges of Public and Private Security Organisations in Nigeria

The imperative of professionalising healthcare management: A global perspective

Effective healthcare management for addressing complex organisational challenges is crucial for efficient healthcare delivery. Healthcare management involves organising, coordinating, planning and operationalising healthcare services, as well as leading people to ensure the delivery of effective patient care. Healthcare management applies management principles and practices to various healthcare organisations, such as hospitals, functional departments, clinics, cross-functional departments and public health organisations. Recognising a gap in management training, especially for clinicians having managerial responsibilities, is a call for global professionalisation of healthcare management to equip leaders with essential skills. In many healthcare settings across the globe, healthcare management does not always require professional management qualifications. This article advocates for the need for a structured approach towards professionalising healthcare management globally and especially in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR).

Lessons learned from the Health Resources and Services Administration health workforce well-being grantees.

Burnout and moral injury are among the most pressing issues facing healthcare and public safety today. In 2021, Congress provided $120 million through the American Rescue Plan Act for 44 Health Resources and Services Administration grants to implement evidence-informed strategies to address burnout and improve mental health among the health workforce. This article examines facilitators and barriers to implementation and reported impact of grantees' interventions. Key informant interviews (n = 39) and surveys (n = 36) with grantees were conducted between May and August 2023 and qualitatively analyzed using inductive and deductive approaches. This study found grantees were adapting their program modality, timing, and content to meet the needs of their workforce. Many grantees were increasingly focused on training/engaging leadership, establishing structures for worker engagement, and allowing worker voice and priorities to guide operational changes. Though many grantees could not yet report program impact, those who could provide early data documented decreases in staff turnover, burnout, and moral distress. A common challenge was ongoing resource constraints, including staff and leadership turnover. Findings suggest health and public safety organizations continued to struggle with staffing post-COVID, increasing the challenges of implementing their programs to improve burnout and well-being. However, just 18 months into their activities, grantees reported their efforts were leading to changes in organizations, culture, and the experiences of individuals. Key lessons include the importance of engaging workers, building trust, and developing intentional communication, evaluation, and feedback strategies to advance organizational-level efforts to improve worker and learner well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Building Power on "Mass&Cass": A Community-Centered Approach to Addressing Health Resource Gaps for Persons Experiencing Homelessness in Boston, MA, 2021.

In November 2021, two grassroots organizations in Boston, Massachusetts-a housing and health justice organization and a student-led nonprofit-established an initiative to provide persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) near the Massachusetts Avenue and Melnea Cass Boulevard ("Mass&Cass") intersection in Boston with access to free COVID-19 education and other wrap-around services. They partnered with hospitals, public health organizations, and advocacy groups to make this happen. This community-driven initiative serves as a model for how to enact a sustainable pipeline for PEH to receive health resources and information, with the voices of those directly impacted at the center. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(9):870-873. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307713).

Practices and Effects of Child Abuse on Learner’s Academic Performance in Primary Schools

This study investigated the practices and effects of child abuse on learners’ academic performance in selected primary schools in Budaya Sub-county. The study concluded that parents ranked highest in promoting child abuse. They subject their children to both physical and psychological abuse, which consequently affects their performance at home and school. In addition, the study revealed that physically and emotionally, the abused child becomes aggressive towards fellow pupils and elders and suffers stunted physical and mental development. According to the findings, the study calls for social welfare agencies (public and private organizations) to redouble efforts in educating, counseling, and rehabilitating victims of child abuse. These efforts could encourage many victims of child abuse to continue their education or engage in other meaningful activities. Furthermore, the knowledge of both teachers and other school personnel, along with representatives from health care services, social services, and law enforcement, regarding child abuse is severely limited. Therefore, the government should educate all stakeholders about ways to reduce child abuse. Finally, the government should make and enforce strong laws to isolate the abuser from the victim, impose harsh sentences, and provide treatment services to the sexually offended victims. Keywords: Academic performance, Child abuse, Culture, Primary school, Students

Применение ультразвуковой кавитации при санации посуды в системе общепита

Kitchen and dining utensils can become a transmission link for infection, which can affect the development of the catering system. The degree of cleanliness of the dishes depends to a large extent on the diligence of the worker washing the dishes at the enterprise; Objective factors of tableware’s compliance with regulatory parameters also include uneven traffic flow of visitors throughout the day. Analysis of scientific literature contributed to the search for a solution to the problem of increasing the reliability of cleanliness of dishes while reducing, first of all, physical costs for auxiliary workers in school canteens and prompted the development of a patent «Method of washing tableware manually in public catering organizations,» based on the use of cheap ultrasonic washing machines during the secondary washing and rinsing stages. As a positive effect, we noted the possibility of reducing the temperature of the water used by 20–25 °C, the refusal of an additional measure – the use of a disinfectant during quarantine or a pandemic; compliance of the final result with HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) requirements and a reduction in the load on the worker washing the dishes. Thus, the implementation of the proposed method, according to the authors, is economically profitable and can have a health-preserving effect on both visitors to catering establishments and the worker washing the dishes. Keywords: ultrasound, changes in the production process, HACCP, quality of work performed.

История проведения художественной выставки «Урало-Кузбасс» (1935)

The author of the article for the first time in Russian and Ural art criticism refers to the history of the organization of the 1935 Ural-Kuzbass art exhibition. Using the historical and genetic method, the main stages and events on the way to the exhibition are considered. The article summarizes and analyses the scattered historical data about the exhibition which are stored in the Documentation Centre of Public Organizations of the Sverdlovsk region and were found in the Sverdlovsk press of the 1930s. The study is of interest for completing the history of the artistic life of one of the largest industrial regions of the USSR in the 1930s; it provides new information about the functioning of art and the relationship between the government and the intelligentsia during this period.

Іncrease in the number of sentences for commitment of family violence as an indicator of increase in the level of legal culture of the society

The article highlights the issue of the increase in the number of cases of domestic violence known to law enforcement agencies. Factors affecting the increase of legal awareness of citizens and encouraging them to take decisive actions for zero tolerance to various types of violence in families are analyzed in detail. We analyzed the changes in the legislation of Ukraine, which became the driving force for the fight against domestic violence, the protection of victims and the punishment of offenders. An important step for this was the introduction of amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the addition of Article 126-1 “Domestic violence”. At the same time, an important factor in the formation of public awareness of the inadmissibility of domestic violence is the activity of public organizations, public figures, the media community, and mass media. The trend of increasing the level of legal culture of the individual in terms of zero tolerance for the actions of offenders is being followed. Society increasingly does not tolerate violence and strives for justice. It also shows that the legal culture of the individual is growing, people respect the law more and more and understand the importance of human rights. The connection is investigated, according to which increasing the level of awareness of citizens about their rights and about the possibilities of protection against violence leads to an increase in the number of appeals to the police and restoration of their rights by legal means. It has been proven that people seek help more and more often, knowing that they have support from the state. The number of sentences contained in the Unified State Register of Court Decisions for domestic violence in the period 2020–2024 is analyzed. It has been studied that the increase in the number of sentences for committing domestic violence is directly proportional to the increase in the level of legal culture of the individual and society. This fact confirms the opinion, however, that domestic violence is gradually leaving the category of latent crimes and victims are no longer ready to put up with violence in families. It was concluded that the development of legal culture in this context means that people not only know about the inadmissibility of violence, but also realize the importance of observing laws and actively participating in the fight against this problem.

의사결정 참여가 조직 내 의사소통에 미치는 영향 - 조직목표 명확성의 조절효과

This study investigates the impact of decision-making participation on communication within public organizations, with a particular focus on how the clarity of organizational goals moderates this relationship. Using data from the 2022 Public Service Life Survey conducted by the Korea Institute of Public Administration, the research examines communication practices among public officials in central and local administrative agencies. The findings reveal that participation in decision-making is a key factor that positively influences communication across multiple levels within public organizations. Specifically, it enhances interdepartmental communication, vertical communication between different hierarchical levels, and horizontal communication among colleagues. Additionally, the clarity of organizational goals emerges as a significant contributor to improved communication, particularly between departments and among peers. However, its influence on vertical communication is less pronounced. Furthermore, the study highlights that the clarity of organizational goals strengthens the positive effect of decision-making participation on overall communication within the organization. This moderating effect is especially evident in enhancing both interdepartmental and vertical communication, although it has a limited impact on horizontal communication. These insights underscore the importance of fostering participation in decision-making and ensuring clear organizational goals to facilitate effective communication within public organizations.

Evaluation of Business-Driven Reference Architecture for Big Data Analytics Implementation by Public Sector Organizations in Resource-Constrained Setting: A Case Study of Uganda

Big Data Analytics (BDA) is a new area at the nexus of agenda, public sector organizations, and government business. It may satisfy the growing need for trustworthy, cost-effective services in the public sector for better, more informed decision-making processes. BDA has been proposed on the planning schedules of several public sector organizations and the government. Therefore, from the previous work, using Uganda as a case study, specifically the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), Ministry of Health (MoH), and Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES), this study aims to evaluate a designed Business-Driven Reference Architecture for Big Data Analytics Implementation (BRABDAI) in public sector organizations. Using a quantitative research method, the BRABDAI was analytically assessed using a structured walkthrough technique by 18 IT experts in the fields of data analysis, IT/IS management, and solution architecting. The assessment criterion was composed of three components: functionality, usability/applicability, and traceability. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used for data analysis. The findings showed that the BRABDAI was useful for resolving the key issues preventing the successful implementation of the BDA in public sector organization settings and that it was also understandable and traceable. To improve the usage and acceptability of BDA implementation in public sector organizations, the study advises more research on this topic.

Organisational Listening as a Means to Create More Citizen-Centric Well-Being Public Policies

ABSTRACT The aim of well-being public policy (WPP) is to create policies and services that improve citizens’ well-being, which requires an understanding of what citizens value. Bringing citizens’ subjective experiences into the policy equation is challenging, but organisational listening has great potential as a solution. This article presents a single-case study demonstrating how public organisations can use organisational listening as a tool to create better WPPs and how this approach has helped organisations to better realise what being more citizen-centric means. This article thus demonstrates the importance of strategic communication in organisations, how citizen-centric service ecosystems can be operationalised in the context of WPPs, and how WPP creation can be approached by understanding what constitutes a good everyday life from the citizens’ perspective, thus extending well-being as a concept.

How to Cope from a Toxic Leadership: The Case of Public Organizations

The career ladder system in Public Organizations tends to be hierarchical or top-down, where the existence of leadership is determined by higher leadership. This pattern is similar to most other organizations, where managerial determination is carried out by the top leader or a system where the policy rests with the top leader, causing staff elements not to take part in determining the leader. With this concept, at the managerial level, especially low and middle managers, tend to be more focused on working in accordance with the leaders above them, and pay less attention to the condition of their subordinates, because the one who determines their career pattern is the higher superior. Such levels of hierarchy are felt, especially in government organizations, resulting in staff elements only being able to accept whatever conditions their leaders have, and their only choice is to stay at work or leave. In Public Organizations in Indonesia, the possibility of employees resigning is very small, this is because employee retention in the government sector is good, and there is even a tendency to become a favorite job because the stability of civil servant is maintained. In the Regional Apparatus X, the research location, employee performance assessments are carried out every month through Employee Performance Targets and assessed by the direct superior, so in any case every employee must continue to perform, adapt and be loyal to any type of leader. To reduce bias, this research was conducted by first identifying whether the respondent had a toxic leader, because the perception of the same leader may be different for several staff members. Therefore, using the snowball sampling method, researchers determined respondents and got 15 respondents from Regional Apparatus Organization. The condition of a toxic leader is a crisis condition that may affects employee resilience in performing. Employee behavior in an effort to survive with a toxic leader and continue to perform needs to be understood as a crisis incident phenomenon in the organization. This research contribute to the development of SDGs 8, Decent Work and Economic Growth, specifically on Quality of Work.

ANALISIS KEPUASAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA TERHADAP SISTEM LAYANAN INFORMASI IMISSU

Information is a valuable asset in digital era. Government , educational institutions, and public service organizations face increasing expectations to manage information properly and efficiently. This problem can be solve by information system service. The success of an information service system can be measured by user satisfaction. Udayana University has several information service systems. One of the information service systems owned by Udayana University is IMISSU (Integrated Management Information System the Strategic of Udayana). Our research aims to study the analysis student satisfaction at Udayana University. We used partial least square modeling with five construct namely quality of information, quality of system, quality of service, perceived usefulness, and student satisfaction. The results of this research are all construct of this model has significant influence on student satisfaction quality of system has significant influence on student satisfaction with mediation of perceived usefulness and quality of system is the most variable influence on college student satisfaction

Unveiling How Internal Control Foster Sustainable Green Innovation Ecosystem: Mediating Role of Environment Management Accounting Data Analytics

This study constructs and validates a theoretical framework that focuses on the correlation between internal control systems (ICS) and the sustainable green innovation ecosystem (SGIE). Furthermore, it aims to investigate the role of environmental management accounting data analytics (EMADA) as a mediator in the relationship between ICS and SGIE. The current study utilized a methodological approach consisting of three components namely a literature review, expert interviews, and a self-administered survey. The study used structural equation modeling to analyze the proposed model, which was constructed using statistical data gathered from a cross-sectional survey of 583 accountants working in public sector organizations (PSOs). The acquired observations underscored the interdependence and mutual reinforcement of the proposed dimensions. These observations provided guidance for PSO leaders to recognize and take advantage of chances to enhance their effectiveness in the green innovation implementation journey. They also helped in developing strong strategies to efficiently steer their digital transformation process. The work's detailed findings were crucial in enabling policymakers to establish rules and regulations linked to digitalization and green innovation.

Trade‐union engendered employee trust in senior management: A case study of digitalisation

AbstractTrade unions can shape employees' positive perceptions of digital technology introduction, and thus help achieve desirable outcomes. Our understanding of why and how remains limited. This article develops the argument that employees' trust in senior management's digital competency is a central issue, and a power‐sharing trade union can play an important role in mediating that relationship. We propose that workplace trade‐union power enables workers to ‘trust’ the process when they know the union can collectively bargain with senior management. This reduces digitalisation‐induced job insecurity, thereby engendering an engaged workforce to remain in post. This leads to our hypothesis that trade‐union voice has both a stronger direct and indirect effect in reducing employees' intention to exit than direct voice (direct communication with senior leaders). Our sequential mediating model supports the hypotheses on both direct and indirect pathways using 520 valid responses to a staff survey during digitalisation from a major UK public service organisation.

Public Policy Analysis on the Required Administration of Mountainous Areas in Turkey

Turkey is a mountainous country. 50% of Turkey's territory is located at an altitude of 1000 meters and 2/3 of it is located at an altitude of 500 meters and above. The percentage of mountainous areas in the total of Turkish lands is 74.6%. How aware is the administration of the mountains that bring multi-faceted and strategic meaning to the geographical structure of Turkey? Mountains need to be subjects of public policies. Yet they have not been regulated by law so far. What are the reasons behind this? Human beings must first design the spatial environment in which they live. This principle should be linked to the need for an effective administration planning of mountains. However, unfortunately even the word "mountain" does not clearly appear in the public policies of our country. These policies only focus on resources that are categorized as above-ground and underground. Administrative strategy of mountainous areas is not included in space analyses. It is also a security policy requirement to create basic public policies around the mountain in a multifaceted way, not by hiding mountain area administration under the title of any natural resource, but by handling it separately so that it is obvious within the goals of sustainable community development. Due to the characteristics of the mountains, international interest in the subject is also gradually increasing. 11th of December has been annually celebrated as the “International Mountain Day” since 2002. The ecological resilience of nature related to the existence of valuable resources also corresponds to the resilience of societies against all kinds of threats, especially against climate changes. The world now evaluates countries in terms of how they can manage these resources not just in terms of which goods and resources they have. It is important to make a distinction between the administration of mountainous areas within the public administration organization and the rural activities and to highlight the uniqueness of this type of administration. Public policies on mountains and administration of mountainous areas should rapidly be established in Turkey. In order to find balance between usage and protection, it is crucial to utilize the skills of developing scientific design strategies, objectively analyzing and interpreting and switching to new organizations and methods that are up-to-date. This paper focuses on the need for creating public policies regarding mountainous areas and proposes a model for these policies.

공공재정 부정이익환수제도에 관한 고찰

The Public Finance Recovery Act was enacted in April 2019 in addition to the disciplinary surcharge system for public officials under the National Public Officials Act and the Local Public Officials Act as subsidies, R&D expenses, allowances, etc. of the state, local governments, and public organizations continue to make false claims and excessive claims. In order to prohibit public financial fraudulent claims and to recover the full amount of fraudulent income, which is unearned income, a sanction surcharge of up to five times is imposed and recovered in consideration of the intention and habitability of fraudulent claims. In this paper, after examining the concept, scope, and legal nature of public finance fraud recovery, we examine the Improper Payment lnfonnation Act of 2002, the False Claims Act, the Federal Improper Payments Coordination Act of 2015, and the Payment Integrity Information Act of 2019 in the United States, and the Subsidy Appropriation Act of Japan to seek implications for Korea In addition, we examine legal issues related to the systematization of pre- and post-systems to reduce fraudulent profits in public finance payments, securing the effectiveness of the whistleblowing system for public finance subsidy recovery, and activating the anonymous proxy reporting system, and suggest improvement measures to enhance the effectiveness of the Public Finance Recovery Act. Before recovering the illicit profits of public finance payments, relevant administrative agencies and public institutions should actively operate programs to strengthen the risk assessment and eligibility review of illicit payments, and after disbursing public finance support funds, they should strictly conduct an audit by an external auditor independent of the administrative agency and public institution to prevent illicit receipt of public finance support funds, and the results of the audit should be posted on the website of the relevant administrative agency to enhance transparency. In addition, in order to eradicate the negative organizational culture toward whistleblowers and the secret receipt of public finance support funds in Korea, whistleblowers should be allowed to file a U.S.-style qui tarn lawsuit only in cases where they make false claims to administrative agencies or public institutions. However, if the relevant administrative agency or public institution allows intervention in the lawsuit and recovers the illicit profits of public finance funds, they should be compensated 35% of the recovered amount to the whistleblower. Given the nature of fraudulent receipt of public financial support funds, the regional National Human Rights Commission's anonymous proxy reporting advisory group should be expanded in a balanced manner to ensure that the anonymous proxy reporting system is activated, and the anonymity of internal reporters should be guaranteed.

Роль держави та громадських організацій у підтримці соціально відповідального бізнесу

The article examines the importance of social responsibility and clarifies the role of the state and public organizations in supporting socially responsible businesses. Today, many Ukrainian enterprises and organizations realize the importance of socially responsible business and increasingly create and implement socially responsible business projects. Such social projects may be related to charity, creating new jobs for IDPs or people with certain special needs, introducing new ecological technologies in energy or food, and other social initiatives. Modernity has faced a whole chain of quite complex problems, for example, the rapid growth of social inequality, global environmental crises, and protracted armed conflicts. The article focuses on the fact that overcoming the mentioned problems requires significant general efforts not only of power structures but also of business and scientific circles and the public. The author analyzes publications devoted to the formation and improvement of socially oriented behavior of business entities and analyzes the experience of using public-private practices and approaches to creating and implementing projects regarding the social responsibility of representatives of state authorities, business structures, public organizations, and other stakeholders. The social responsibility of the state is one of the main levers of ensuring the quality and effectiveness of state administration. The author emphasizes that the state has an essential task in shaping the socially responsible behavior of citizens. Legislative influence, educational policy, support for socially responsible businesses, and public campaigns are all tools the state can use to support and develop socially responsible behavior that contributes to creating an ethical and sustainable society. Public organizations also play an essential role in implementing these principles and forming an ethical business environment. The most crucial function of NGOs is to change people. In our fragmented society, non-governmental organizations promote social inclusion and integration. Public organizations are active initiators of social projects and social initiatives aimed at creating comfortable living conditions for communities, improving the quality of education, etc. The author emphasizes that the state is vital in regulating and stimulating socially responsible business behavior. Legislation, financial incentives, and other instruments of government intervention can contribute to the formation of an effective system of social responsibility. It was also found that public organizations monitor and promote the principles of social responsibility. They can influence business by demanding compliance with high standards of ethics and integrity. Keywords: social responsibility of business, state, public organizations, social state, social projects.