Public Houses Research Articles

The Public House and Conflict: Violence in the Inns, Taverns and Alehouses of Kraków during the Jagiellonian Era

The Public House and Conflict: Violence in the Inns, Taverns and Alehouses of Kraków during the Jagiellonian Era

Digital and Physical Margins: Pre-Visions for New Interactions in the City in Progress

COVID-19 era forced society, cities and shared spaces at the edges of society, progressively shattering their own memory. The most common and crowded places have become almost exclusively virtual, hastening a process of digitalization and technological growth aimed by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 UN ‘Agenda’, but which is still immature and superficial because, in many cases, it is forced by an emergency rather than by a consciously planned evolution. Moreover, the temporary emptying of metropolitan areas and the denial of social relations at all levels - personal, work, psycho-cultural and recreational - has progressively, but not indelibly, determined a sort of schizophrenia of the ‘signifiers’ as well as the ‘meanings’ of the urban fabric, of the memory of the spaces’ use, as well as of public buildings or private houses. The current boundary between analog and digital, that will hopefully be transformed into one harmonious integration and interaction, is the field on which the paper intends to focus its attention trying to define a balance (trans- and post-pandemic) between the re-appropriation of the collective living and the preservation of advantages widely demonstrated by the support that digital technologies can offer.

Automatic Face Mask Detection System in Public Transportation in Smart Cities Using IoT and Deep Learning

The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) is on a global scale and that wearing a face mask at work is the only effective way to avoid becoming infected with the virus. The pandemic made governments worldwide stay under lock-downs to prevent virus transmissions. Reports show that wearing face masks would reduce the risk of transmission. With the rise in population in cities, there is a greater need for efficient city management in today’s world for reducing the impact of COVID-19 disease. For smart cities to prosper, significant improvements to occur in public transportation, roads, businesses, houses, city streets, and other facets of city life will have to be developed. The current public bus transportation system, such as it is, should be expanded with artificial intelligence. The autonomous mask detection and alert system are needed to find whether the person is wearing a face mask or not. This article presents a novel IoT-based face mask detection system in public transportation, especially buses. This system would collect real-time data via facial recognition. The main objective of the paper is to detect the presence of face masks in real-time video stream by utilizing deep learning, machine learning, and image processing techniques. To achieve this objective, a hybrid deep and machine learning model was designed and implemented. The model was evaluated using a new dataset in addition to public datasets. The results showed that the transformation of Convolution Neural Network (CNN) classifier has better performance over the Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifier; it has almost complete face-identification capabilities with respect to people’s presence in the case where they are wearing masks, with an error rate of only 1.1%. Overall, compared with the standard models, AlexNet, Mobinet, and You Only Look Once (YOLO), the proposed model showed a better performance. Moreover, the experiments showed that the proposed model can detect faces and masks accurately with low inference time and memory, thus meeting the IoT limited resources.

Remediating Family Photography: Savita’s Image and the Campaign to Repeal the 8th Amendment

Following her tragic death in October 2012, a snapshot of Savita Halappanavar became the face of the movement to repeal the 8th Amendment to the Irish Constitution prohibiting abortion. This smiling photographic portrait, which had originated in a domestic, familial realm, was re-appropriated and gained iconic status in the years that followed. In the aftermath of certain tragedies, images of the deceased and sometimes even their bodies can be co-opted by certain causes, becoming public rather than private property, to be used for a political purpose. This article will trace the image’s trajectory from the family album to the streets of Ireland and the world. Savita’s face was reproduced on a myriad of posters, flyers and on murals, in both its original photographic form and in other media, such as screen prints, paintings and illustrations. Drawing upon the work of Gillian Rose and Martha Langford on family photography and the vernacular, I will show how a quotidian head and shoulders portrait became symbolic of a kind of martyrdom, akin to the instantly recognisable images of political leaders and rebels. It will also explore the resonance of Savita’s presence upon the street, giving a face to the cause for repeal, and embodying the human consequences of failing to provide abortion. Finally, the use of photography in performative protest, as well as its placement in temporary shrines and memorials (like those erected at the George Bernard Shaw public house, Dublin) will be addressed.

Implementation Effects and Revitalization Plan of ‘Public-Private Self-Owned House Model’

This study defined public-private self-owned house as affordable and public own house and suggested five principles that public-private self-owned house must have. Execution model of this house is divided into two types: a housing welfare model and an asset-benefit sharing model, and implementation models for each type are presented. For the two models, the feasibility of public-private self-owned housing and the effect of the introduction of the system were analyzed using a simulation method using the housing site development projects of Gwacheon Knowledge Information Town and Incheon Geomdan District as examples. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the internal rate of return for public self-owned houses was higher as house prices increased, loan interest rates were lower, and the average residence period was shorter. In addition, it was found that it increases the possibility of purchasing a home for the lower income class than public sale houses or the Newlyweds Hope Town, and the effect of redemption of development profits is greater. This study proposes the following policy improvements to vitalize the public-private self-owned houses. First, the supply of public-private self-owned houses should be made compulsory in the housing site development project so that a sufficient quantity of public-private self-owned houses are supplied. Second, various incentives and support measures should be prepared so that public-private self-owned houses can be expanded. Third, it was proposed to establish a public private housing operation fund and to establish a separate management and operation institution so that public-private self-owned houses can be operated continuously.

An Analysis of Housing Welfare Services for Public Rental Supportive Housing for the Elderly

This paper aims to understand the supply status, physical characteristics, service provision, and operating system of public rental supportive houses for the elderly in Korea. A case analysis of service-supported public rental housing for the elderly was conducted. From June 7 to June 16, 2021, on-site visits and interviews were conducted for the representative cases. Based on the results we find that, first, housing supply should be expanded to the middle-class elderly and diversified. Second, a new policy should be created to encourage the liquidity of real estate assets in order for the elderly to live financially independent lives. Third, community-linked services should be implemented to provide integrated welfare services to the elderly. Fourth the deployment of professional coordinators should be expanded to support housing welfare services for the elderly more successfully. The findings of this study are expected to have implications for guiding housing welfare services for the elderly in public housing in Korea for ‘Aging In Place’.

‘A Striking Air of Modernity Tempered with Tradition’: Vernacular Modernism and the Design of the Public House in Cork and Dublin, 1934–1969

Abstract In design history discourse, modernity and tradition can be seen as intimately related rather than dichotomous. For example, Michelangelo Sabatino has noted the complex relationship between them in Italian twentieth-century architecture. What was the relationship between modernity and tradition in post-Independence Ireland? One way of investigating this is to consider the design of a quintessentially everyday space: the pub. From the 1930s, many pubs in Cork and Dublin were re-designed through a series of negotiated responses to modernisation. By 1960, this was complicated by the construction of what we would recognize as interiors designed to appeal to an imagined tourist vision of the pub in Ireland. This article argues that these changes were design responses to three interlinked historical forces: modernization, the retention or invention of vernacular design, and the influence of international trade and tourism. This considerably complicates our understanding of Irish modernism and illustrates that, for the public house in Ireland at least, British design was a dominant influence.

Study on Seismic Risk Exposure and Vulnerability of Buildings in Southwest China Based on AI Technology

In this paper, we made building taxonomy for Southeastern Tibet in Southwest China and attempted to apply the 3D image pattern recognition technology in UAV aerial image processing and pattern recognition, for the statistics of building types and numbers, and explore more applications of AI technology in geoscience research. We compared our vulnerability models with parts of vulnerability models of buildings in Nepal in the research of Nepal’s seismic hazard and risk assessment. The comparison between our vulnerability models and Nepal ones shows that public and private houses have better seismic resistance than the houses in Nepal.

Diversity, Nest Preferences, and Forage Plants of Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) from West Halmahera, North Moluccas, Indonesia

S<span lang="IN">urvey of stingless bee diversity, nesting preferences, and </span>forage<span lang="IN"> plants </span>was conducted in <span lang="IN">West Halmahera across 134 collection sites. </span>This research was<span lang="IN"> aimed to </span>determine species diversity, nesting preference and habitat, and domin<span lang="IN">a</span>nt for<span lang="IN">a</span>ge pl<span lang="IN">a</span>nts. There were three species found, <span lang="IN">the most common species being </span><span lang="IN">Tetragonula clypearis (Friese), followed by T. sapiens (Cockerell), and last T. biroi (Friese).</span> Based on the morphology characters of each species, the key identification was provided. The most colonies were found in public houses <span lang="IN">(80.39%)</span>, <span lang="IN">followed by plantations (13.73%), and the community forest (5.88%), respectively.</span><span lang="IN">Most colonies nested in stone cavities, parts of the ho</span>us<span lang="IN">es, wooden materials, tree trunks, logs, tree roots, bamboo, and sometimes iron cavities.</span> The forage plants consist of forage plantation, crops, fruits, vegetables, ornamental flowers, wild plants and shrubs. The three species found were new record in West Halmahera. Bees lived in various hollow places that were safe for their colony. Bees made use of a variety of flowering plants and secrete resins around the nest site.

Development Of Diet Score For Reflecting Diet Patterns and Dietary Guidelines: A Case Of Singapore

Foods and dietary patterns substantially affect health outcomes. The overall dietary assessment score associated with dietary guidelines in Singapore has not been assessed previously. This study aimed to develop and evaluate diet score for identifying the relationship between dietary patterns and dietary guidelines in Singapore. Using a localised diet score survey collaborated with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), we conducted a cross-sectional study of 600 Singapore persons in two-generational cohorts (40-64: 300 and > 65 years: 300). The proposed local diet score was calculated to reflect their overall compliance with the Dietary Guidelines in Singapore. ANOVA analysis was used to identify the significant difference among socio-demographic variables associated with diet score and comparison analysis was performed to compare the diet patterns and diet score. There are significant differences among age, education, housing, residency associated with diet score. Diet score of older cohort (M= 67.71, SD= 13.38) is significantly higher than young cohort (M= 60.73, SD= 14.71). The highest education level (University or tertiary) obtain the lowest diet score (M= 58.58, SD= 14.41). The participants who live in the landed property (M= 69.45, SD= 14.43) are higher than those who live in Condominium and Public House. And the participants who live alone (M= 67.26, SD= 14.66) have a higher average diet score. Two-generational cohorts are not compliant with recommendations about dietary guideline well in Singapore. The present findings suggest that dietary patterns need improvement in aspects such as vegetables and extra food components.

The Analysis Of Slang Words Used In “The Boss Baby” Movie Script

One of the language variations used by many people is slang. Slang is one of language variations in sociolinguistics used by society to interact each other. In this study, the author analyse the slang words used in The Boss Baby movie script. The purposes of this research are: 1) To know the types of slang words used by the characters in The Boss Baby movie; and 2) To know the reasons why the characters use some slang words in The Boss Baby movie. The author used the theory of slang words and the reasons by Eric Partirdge to answer the problem of the research. This research is descriptive qualitative and used the documentation method in collecting the data. The author discovered that there are three types of slang words used in the movie: Public house slang (kid, buddy, guys), medical slang (suck) and society slang (yeah, dad, dob, gonna, gotcha, fiflty, mommy, nada, cool, a-s-a-p, punk, bummer, gotta, wanna, guts, sweetie). Meanwhile, the reasons why the movie characters use slang words are to show or induce either friendliness, to be brief, to ease social intercouse, to sheer high spirit, to reject and to lessen the awkwardness.

도보거리를 활용한 신도시 내 광역버스 정류장과의 접근성이 주택가격에 미치는 영향*

Previous studies on the relationship between accessibility to public transport and house price focused on the distance to a subway station. However, intercity buses play a paramount role in transportation before a subway line opens in a new town in the Capital Region. Therefore, it is assumed that accessibility to intercity bus would have significant impact on house price. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between accessibility to intercity bus stop and house price. The findings are as followed; First, it is shown that accessibility to intercity bus stop adds a great merit to apartment price. Particularly, a walking distance method has more persuasive result than a straight line distance method in terms of assumption of influence on price. Second, a radius distance model based on a non-liner relationship shows influence assumption with distance-decay only in a walking distance method. The price premium is generated for real estate located within 400m from a bus stop. A walking distance method shows a clear spatial pattern while there is no specific pattern found in a straight line method. Therefore, it is reasonable to use a walking distance in estimating influence of accessibility, rather than a physical distance.

Social Robot Navigation Tasks: Combining Machine Learning Techniques and Social Force Model.

Social robot navigation in public spaces, buildings or private houses is a difficult problem that is not well solved due to environmental constraints (buildings, static objects etc.), pedestrians and other mobile vehicles. Moreover, robots have to move in a human-aware manner—that is, robots have to navigate in such a way that people feel safe and comfortable. In this work, we present two navigation tasks, social robot navigation and robot accompaniment, which combine machine learning techniques with the Social Force Model (SFM) allowing human-aware social navigation. The robots in both approaches use data from different sensors to capture the environment knowledge as well as information from pedestrian motion. The two navigation tasks make use of the SFM, which is a general framework in which human motion behaviors can be expressed through a set of functions depending on the pedestrians’ relative and absolute positions and velocities. Additionally, in both social navigation tasks, the robot’s motion behavior is learned using machine learning techniques: in the first case using supervised deep learning techniques and, in the second case, using Reinforcement Learning (RL). The machine learning techniques are combined with the SFM to create navigation models that behave in a social manner when the robot is navigating in an environment with pedestrians or accompanying a person. The validation of the systems was performed with a large set of simulations and real-life experiments with a new humanoid robot denominated IVO and with an aerial robot. The experiments show that the combination of SFM and machine learning can solve human-aware robot navigation in complex dynamic environments.

The influence of professionals on the general public in the choice of earthquake disaster preparedness: Based on the perspective of peer effects

Disaster preparedness is an important link in disaster risk management and an effective means to reduce disaster losses. However, few studies focus on the peer effects of the social network in residents' disaster preparedness decisions. Based on the survey data of 327 rural households affected by the Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake in China, this study theoretically constructs the peer effects model of professionals to the general public, and empirically uses the binary logit model to verify the peer effects of professionals on the general public. The results show that: (1)there are significant differences between the general public and professionals in emergency supplies preparedness and knowledge training preparedness; (2)the general public will imitate professionals' disaster preparedness to achieve the convergence of disaster preparedness; (3)the general public will enhance the level of emergency supplies and disaster insurance preparedness by social learning; (4)the general public's house reinforcement preparation is only related to the direct economic loss, and has nothing to do with social learning. The results of this study are helpful to improve the current policy system of mass monitoring and mass prevention in China and provide a reference for other countries in formulating earthquake disaster risk management policies.

AN ANALYSIS OF SLANG IN GEEK CHARMING MOVIE

Sociolinguistics has a lot of aspects that can be researched. One of the aspects is slang. Slang is vocabulary that is used between people who belong to the same social group and who know each other well. Slang is very informal language. This research mainly discussed about slang in Geek Charming Movie. The purpose of this study is to identify the slangs and to describe the types of slang used in Geek Charming Movie. This study is limited to the main characters in the movie, they are Dylan Schoenfield and Josh Rosen. The writer used descriptive qualitative method by using Bodgan and Biklen J (1992) theory, which consists of four steps: unitization, categorization, explanation, and interpretation. After analizing the data, it is found out that there are three types of slang used by Dylan Schoenfield and Josh Rosen in Geek Charming Movie. The types of slang are public house slang, society slang, slang in public school and university. Those are types of slang according to Eric Partridge (1950). It is important to study slang because the result of this research can be used for further research and help readers to get more knowledge about slang.

Determinant factors of urban housing preferences among low-income people in Greater Jakarta

PurposeHigh numbers of housing backlogs as well as inadequate housing for low-income are one of the Indonesian government’s major concerns, especially in urban areas where the price of house is high. This study aims to identify low-income communities’ preferences on house ownership status, renting or buying and house provider, public or private, in Jakarta and surrounding areas.Design/methodology/approachThis study adapts Longley multistage choice model in the Indonesian context to analyze people’s preferences in choosing a place to live in urban areas. This study analyzes two choices of models which are aspects of homeownership (buying or renting) and aspects of residential types (private or public).FindingsUsing data collected through a survey of 1,000 households in greater Jakarta (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi), this study found that households which have fixed employment status, an older age, a larger number of family members, higher level of education and literacy in housing policy, accessible house location and more affordable to own house have a higher probability to choose to own a house. In addition, education level, age, and family size are major determinants of a household’s decision to occupy a public house rather than a private house. The findings provide basic input to government development programs in designing housing policy for low-income people.Originality/valueThere are only a few studies related to house-ownership preferences in low-income people, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study contributes to the housing studies literature by strengthening empirical evidence from developing countries that have large populations and mostly live in urban areas.

MİLLİ ŞUURUN OLUŞMASINDA MİLLİ BAYRAMLAR: 1934-1948 YILLARI ARASINDA SİVAS’TA CUMHURİYET BAYRAMI KUTLAMALARI

Holidays are special ceremonies that enable societies to come together around common values. The Republic was declared as the result of the meaningful struggle of the Turkish nation to establish a new and independent state. Two years after its establishment, it started to be celebrated as a national holiday on April 19, 1925. Republic Days, which were initially celebrated in certain centers, were celebrated in different cities over time. In the first years of the feast, the celebrations were held with intense participation in order to ensure the legitimacy of the new regime and to adopt it to the public. The tenth anniversary of the Republic was prepared by the commission within the framework of the law of celebration, and efforts were made to carry out the same plan by committees and delegations in all cities. In this research, the Republic Day celebrations in Sivas between the years 1934-1948 were tried to be examined in the light of archives and some local newspaper news. According to the information obtained, it was seen that the celebrations were planned and carried out according to the directives of the CHP General Secretariat, and after the celebration, it was reported from the provincial secretariat. Accordingly, it has been reported that the participation in the celebrations in Sivas is high. Celebration activities; city decorations, lighting of festive firecrackers, staging of theater works, realization of sports activities, organization of lantern processions, exhibitions of public houses, establishment of public rostrums and organization of Republic balls. It is noteworthy that in some years the celebrations are prepared and maintained for three days. Key words: national consciousness, national holiday, Sivas, Republic Day

The language of space and ownership in rural New South Wales in the mid-nineteenth-century: rural workers

AbstractLanguage used in depositions in colonial New South Wales shows a mobile non-Aboriginal society of close surveillance, rumour and informing. This derived from the convict system. In response to this there was considerable play with marking and markers, including the widespread use of nicknames and emphasis on personal space. Outside of this was the dreamlike realm of entertainment to be had in public houses, Aboriginal camps and Chinese tents at the diggings. Aboriginal politics was present at all of these places but Aboriginal camps were also places of considerable danger.

Performance index for public housing in East Malaysia

ABSTRACT Low-income housing in both developing and developed countries faces several unhealthy conditions that expose the dwellers to hazards. Considering that achieving overall citizen satisfaction requires the provision of healthy and affordable housing, Malaysia has consistently initiated different housing programs to support its citizens, primarily low-income households. One such is the Government Housing Schemes, whose performance has been called to question over the years. This study aimed to develop a performance index to evaluate public houses in East Malaysia by considering a four-step evaluation such as item selection, an examination of relationship, index scoring and index validation. Contributing factors towards the performance of public housing were determined and evaluated following their importance to create a performance index for the public housing in East Malaysia. Some primary factors and their indicators (the sub-factors) were identified based on an extensive literature review. After that, copies of questionnaires were administered in different locations and analysed using a decision support tool. The result indicated the importance of the performance index in contributing to low-income household's health, comfort and improved living affordability.

‘Flash houses’: Public houses and geographies of moral contagion in 19th-century London

‘Flash houses’, a distinctive type of public house associated with criminal activity, are a shadowy and little-studied aspect of early 19th-century London. This article situates flash houses within a wide perspective, arguing that the discourses on flash houses were part of concerns about the threat of the urban environment to the moral character of its inhabitants. The article draws on an original synthesis of a range of sources that refer to flash houses, including contemporary literature, newspapers, court documents, and government papers. It demonstrates that flash houses were part of both popular intrigue about the perceived ‘criminal underworld’ and official concerns about the collusion between police officers and suspected offenders, since police officers allegedly frequented flash houses to gather criminal information. A detailed examination of this term reveals anxieties about the state of the metropolis, poverty, and criminality that were central to the early 19th-century consciousness. However, the discussion of flash houses in this context also demonstrates a powerful connection in contemporary minds between the physical spaces of the city and the risks that they posed to inhabitants' morals. While associations between the physical environment and morality have been drawn throughout history, flash houses represent a paradigmatic moment in this dialogue. This is because different moral concerns coalesced around the discourse on flash houses: anxieties about the criminal underworld, the potential for moral degradation of young people who frequented these spaces, and the corruption of police officers through contact with known or suspected offenders.