Public Faith Research Articles

Public perceptions of the Hippocratic Oath in the U.K. 2023

This paper explores public perceptions of the Hippocratic Oath (Physician’s Oath) in the U.K. Results of a questionnaire administered online to 106 adults indicated that the majority were of the opinion that their primary and secondary health care doctors had taken the Oath (88% and 86% respectively). A majority thought that nurses, paramedics, psychotherapists and graduate scientists and researchers should also take some form of professional oath. Elements of the Oath which were deemed most important included that it is a sworn oath, that doctors should not harm patients, act in the best interests of patients, abide by the principles of autonomy and informed consent and maintain patient confidentiality. A significant proportion - about 20% - of the UK public felt that doctors had forgotten their Hippocratic Oath during COVID-19 lockdowns and associated vaccination programme, suggesting that recent history may have damaged the public faith in the medical profession.

Predictive Factors of State Licensure Board Disciplinary Actions in Occupational Therapy.

One primary function of occupational therapy state licensure boards (SLBs) is the discipline of ethical misconduct by licensed occupational therapy practitioners. However, SLB sanctioning is poorly understood by practitioners, regulators, and the public. To identify predictors of occupational therapy practitioner sanctioning outcomes in the United States. Retrospective study; all public final consent orders and database entries provided online by SLBs were analyzed. Supervised gradient boosting machine learning, logistic regression, and contingency tables were used to generate odds ratios for variables associated with each sanctioning outcome. Multinomial testing was used to identify attribute overrepresentation among cases and national practitioner distributions. A total of 2,400 cases were analyzed across 47 states and Washington, DC. None. Numerous complaint and respondent attribute variables were collected from final consent orders and database entries. Complaint reason, practice setting, and complaint source had the highest influence on predicting sanction outcome; geographic region, number of complaints in a given case, and length of investigation in months were secondarily influential. Being male or a certified occupational therapy assistant was associated with higher odds of severe sanctioning outcomes. Disciplinary actions against occupational therapy practitioners were determined by numerous contextual factors; however, the most influential factors were complaint reason, practice setting, and complaint source. These results provide direction for exploring factors that predict sanctioning outcomes in the United States and also provide occupational therapy practitioners and SLBs a basis of applied outcomes that may improve implementation and education regarding clinical practice ethics. Plain-Language Summary: Occupational therapy state licensure boards (SLBs) are responsible for disciplining licensed occupational therapy practitioners for ethical misconduct. SLB sanctioning is poorly understood by practitioners, regulators, and the public. In this study, we identify the factors that predict the sanctioning outcomes of occupational therapy practitioners. The results may help state regulators, educators, and national associations more effectively act in a way that protects the public faith in occupational therapy services by providing contextualized information on practitioner behaviors that result in specific sanctioning outcomes. The study findings also provide occupational therapy practitioners and SLBs a basis of applied outcomes that may improve the implementation of and education regarding clinical practice ethics.

The Role of Judicial Activism in the Enforcement of Human Rights in Pakistan and its Impacts on Governance in Pakistan

This study examines how judicial activism impacts governance in Pakistan after the lawyer's movement with a focus on its effect on human rights, the rule of law, and accountability. The study uses mixed techniques to examine Supreme Court decisions and interventions that demonstrate the judiciary's role in protecting civil liberties and checking executive powers. Apex Court's activism on extrajudicial killings forced disappearances, and gender discrimination has advanced human rights, according to the findings. The research also shows how the judiciary has strengthened the rule of law by upholding and enforcing legal principles fairly, boosting public faith in legal institutions. The research also notes that alleged judicial overreach has caused problems between the legislative and executive branches due to the courts' wide interpretations of their authority. This detailed analysis highlights the delicate balance between judicial interventions and democratic government.

Aceptación de herencia bajo beneficio de inventario para hijos menores de edad en el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia

This investigation focused on proposing a bill that modifies article 1031 of the Civil Code, article 51 of the Family Code, and complements section f) of article 19 of the Notarial Law. The main objective is to establish that the acceptance of inheritance under the benefit of inventory by minor children is the exclusive competence of the Notary of Public Faith in the Plurinational State of Bolivia, in order to comply with the principle of the Best Interest of the Child. This work was based on the analysis of theoretical, empirical and statistical methods. The application of these methods made it possible to demonstrate the need to modify current legislation to guarantee compliance with the Best Interest of Children and Adolescents in the country. It is crucial to make these modifications without altering the fundamental rights enshrined in the relevant legislation, with the purpose of ensuring that the right to choose and decide is exercised in a timely, efficient and agile manner. In this way, the aim is for children and adolescents to feel that their rights are fully recognized and guaranteed.

Disease, climate, environment and the fortunes of Buddhism during the Tibetan Empire 618–842 CE

The official adoption of Buddhism by the Tibetan state in the mid-8th Century (761-762 CE) was relatively late compared to its permeation from northern India to elsewhere in south and east Asia, due to the country’s geographical isolation. Whilst reasons for its adoption remain uncertain, it is thought that the religion provided a strong unifying influence permitting both the consolidation and subsequent expansion of the Tibetan Empire. Early historical records suggest that the religion was prohibited in 739-741 CE and again in 841-842 CE, the latter coinciding with the fall of the Tibetan Empire. This research presents a detailed examination of Tibetan and Chinese historical records and also of recent fine-resolution palaeoclimatic reconstructions to demonstrate that the ‘oscillating fate’ of Buddhism during the Tibetan Empire (618-842 CE), was not only linked to the economic fortunes of the Tibetan state as previously envisaged, but also inextricably to disease, the long-term regional climatic deterioration and possibly also to a series of natural disasters, many of which were recorded in the north and north-west of the Tang Empire adjacent to Tibet, as well as in Tibet itself. These ‘disasters’ noted in the historic records, and both catalogued and quantified here, indicate extreme pressures placed on the rural economy of the Tibetan Plateau and adjoining areas by crop failures, the death of many livestock and associated widespread famine and human mortality. The ‘chaos & disorder’ of the latter stages of the reign of Emperor Ralpachen (815-836/838 CE), as well as the Second Prohibition of Buddhism by the last Tibetan Emperor Lang Darma can therefore now not only be related to climatic-environmental deterioration, but also to the likely loss of public faith in both Tibetan Emperors and in Buddhism. It is possible that in the eyes of superstitious Tibetans, neither their rulers nor the state religion could address an accelerating spiral of crises. Devine displeasure could have been further signified by a devastating earthquake in Tibet sometime between 839-842 CE and the subsequent ‘implosion’ of the Tibetan Empire should no longer be considered surprising.

Assessing the Impact of Autocratic Leadership Styles on Police Department Effectiveness and Community Relations

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of an autocratic leadership style on police departments' operational efficacy, officer morale and performance, and departmental relationships with the communities they serve. It would also enable a study of the possible advantages and disadvantages of this kind of leadership in various contexts and groups. The aim of this study is to expose the negative aspects of authoritarian leadership and promote a transition towards more cooperative and community-focused methods of law enforcement. Principal Subjects: the pervasiveness of authoritarian management approaches in law enforcement agencies. the detrimental effects of authoritarian leadership on community relations, performance, and officer morale. The limitations of authoritarian leadership in handling the intricacies of contemporary law enforcement. The possible advantages of non-traditional leadership approaches, include situational leadership and community-focused police. Principal Arguments/Results: While autocratic leadership can be advantageous in terms of operational efficiency and response times, it can also undermine trust, inhibit creativity, and make it more difficult to solve problems. Stress levels might rise, officer morale can drop, and burnout is more likely under autocratic leadership. The public's faith and cooperation with the police might be undermined by the authoritarian leader's inherent lack of transparency and communication. Racial profiling and other forms of biased police may be made worse by autocratic leadership styles. It is possible to improve officer performance, strengthen community connections, and eventually create a safer and more just society by implementing alternative leadership styles that prioritize teamwork, communication, and community participation. Approach/Methodology: This study uses a range of sources, such as academic research looking at the relationship between police efficacy, officer morale, and community relations and leadership styles. studies and publications examining the effects of authoritarian leadership on the actions and judgments of law enforcement. Data and reports from the government on police leadership methods. Importance/Repercussions: The following audiences will find significance in the research's findings: Police leadership: Training plans and departmental procedures can be improved by having an awareness of the drawbacks of authoritarian leadership as well as the possible advantages of alternative models. Policymakers: They can promote a change to more moral and efficient enforcement techniques by providing funding for oversight and training programs. Communities: By being aware of the negative effects of authoritarian leadership, communities can become more empowered to demand changes from police agencies and demand accountability. Public: This study adds to a better-informed public conversation about the role police leadership plays in promoting community trust and public safety. Target Audience: A wide range of people are interested in this research, including the general public, community organizations, policymakers, and police leadership.

A study on Ethics, Integrity, and Trust in Research: An Interdisciplinary Perspective

This research article explores the interconnectedness of research ethics, integrity, and trust from several vantage points. This research seeks to expand our knowledge of the complex nature of ethical issues and t heir impact on research integrity and trust by incorporating views from a wide range of disciplines. Autonomy, beneficence, fairness, and non-maleficence are some of the cornerstones of research ethics that are discussed in this article. Informed permission, privacy, conflicts of interest, and the use of human and animal subjects are only few of the ethical issues that are discussed, along with their implications throughout the study process. Research ethics committees, institutional frameworks, and ethical norms are all considered in terms of their respective roles in encouraging ethical behaviour and upholding research integrity. The article also explores the effects of research misconduct and other ethical lapses on public faith in the scientific community and the reliability of research findings. It stresses the significance of research practises that are both open and responsible for building and maintaining credibility. This research article concludes by emphasising the necessity of ethics, integrity, and trust in research, and pointing out the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation, strong supervision systems, and education in promoting and upholding these values.

Planning Policies and Public Health in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) and Its Policies to Combat COVID-19 in Duhok City

Purpose: The Kurdistan region of Iraq had been affect by the covid pandemic like the rest of the part in the world and Duhok city specifically faced several problems as the city and health policy were not ready to ace the crises. It had a negative impact on the sustainability of health sector specifically the economic side. This study tries to identify the problems to achieve tan appropriate standard of good health among Kurdistan's general population, especially in the city of Duhok, to ensure more equitable access to health services throughout the country's social and geographic expansion, take into account poverty and to strive to get better treatment, understand the condition of the city of Duhok via COVID-19, and how the government deals with the medical system in this condition, protect and encourage the right to health care for individuals and create equality in the health care system for both genders, beliefs and positions. Methodology: Through conducting the qualitative research approach by using two types for collecting data ( Data Collection Methods) which are primary data and secondary data, primary data for collecting direct information from patients and IDPs and refugees to know their health conditions and whether they are satisfied or not for public health system, physicians as well to know their treatment to patients, and secondary data to gather information from health directorate in Duhok city, camp health administration and humanitarian health organizations to understand better the situation. Findings: The findings of the study indicates that the pandemic struck at a time when public faith in the government was low, the economy was damaged by lower oil sales income, protests were common across the country, and violent extremist acts were on the rise. COVID-19 has worsened long-standing and sometimes deep-seated political, economic, social, and security issues. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a dramatic loss of human life around the world, posing an unprecedented challenge to public health, food systems, and the workplace. The pandemic's economic and social impact is devastating: tens of millions of people are at risk of falling into extreme poverty, while the number of undernourished people is currently estimated to be nearly 690 million, By the end of the year, the number could have risen to 132 million. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Food security, public health, and employment and labor issues, particularly worker health and safety, all intersect during the COVID-19 crisis. However, in Azadi hospital we cannot talk to people because of virus, the risk of contracting COVID-19 via an infected person's feces appears to be low. The COVID-19 virus may cause intestinal infection and be found in feces, according to some data.

Second Chance Pell sets stage for rapid expansion of prison college programs

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Higher education is in need of some good news. Polls constantly show the public's faith in the importance of higher education is sliding, and to top it off, an enrollment cliff is imminent.

Shining a light on tax evasion and avoidance

Tax evasion costs European countries billions of Euros a year, which has a detrimental impact on wider society and undermines public faith in the tax system as a whole. We spoke to Annette Alstadsæter, Ronald Davies, and Hector Ulloa about the work “Skatteforsk – Centre for Tax Research” is doing uncovering the facts around tax evasion, to then inform policy design.

미국 연방대법원 Dobbs 판결과 그 함의에 대한 소고

The U.S. Supreme Court's Dobbs ruling is a realization of concerns that had already been detailed in Justice Ginsberg's objection to the Gonzales v. Carhart ruling in 2007. Justice Ginsberg criticized the Supreme Court's majority opinion in Gonzales' ruling as eating away the great spirit of the U.S. Supreme Court, which approved the abortion ban, and pointed out the risk of returning to the result of denying the spirit of abortion freedom in the future, 15 years later, this concern became a reality. I would like to ask whether the argument of Roe's ruling, which gave women who had been in the role of sublime pregnancy and childbirth the basic value of freedom of choice or self-determination to resolve discrimination and oppression against women and break away from the framework of unjust control that had to force unwanted situations, was entirely denied. Not only in the United States, but also in Korea, efforts have been made to guarantee women's discrimination and rights for a long time, and those efforts have barely been paying off, and the Supreme Court has changed the precedent unfavorably by breaking the public's expectations, faith, and faith in women's right to choose, which have been maintained for nearly half a century. Nevertheless, we will have to firmly follow the flow of history, but it may be affected to some extent by the Dobbs ruling above. In this regard, this article emphasizes the injustice by critically analyzing the Dobbs ruling and highlighting the problems, and aims to lay the groundwork for the improvement legislation as a follow-up to the constitutional inconsistency decision made by the Constitutional Court of Korea.

Inclusive Innovations in Forensic Epistemology and Pedagogy: A Proposed Framework

Scientific temper in evidence processing using forensic knowledge reposes public faith in justice system. Forensic science is a blend of various disciplines, including art, pure sciences, and humanities, with experiment-oriented scientific validation. Forensics and law are intertwined precepts enabling translational impact on the legal system in pursuit of truth to ensure flawless justice. Worldwide, forensics intensely involves both doctrinal and clinical perspectives, largely converging on scientific theories and laboratory experiments to construe expert opinion, and similar pedagogy must be adopted in India as envisaged under the New Education Policy-2020. 3 In legal parlance, forensic inputs are secondary evidence, but primarily used for corroboration for exploring missing links in the chain of events. Due to multi-disciplinary content knowledge sharing during forensic studies, though fascinating, poses pedagogical challenges. Globally, imparting significance of procedural law, the backbone of forensic evidence, is largely missing from forensic education. Expert opinion is contested in courtrooms on ground of admissibility in terms of reliability and validity including protection of chain of custody necessary to avoid manipulation or tampering of samples which is prime root cause for miscarriage of justice. This article deliberates upon an entwined framework of epistemology and pedagogy for imparting holistic understanding of law and science in forensic education. We propose three verticals for forensic pedagogy: (i) crime scene management for scientific handling of articles and traces; (ii) laboratory experimentation and forensic report writing and (ii) translating expert opinion into legal evidence and its presentation during the court proceedings.

Incentives to cultivate a diaspora vote and rhetorical involvement in foreign elections: Lessons from Colombian politicians’ involvement in the 2020 US presidential election

ABSTRACT What explains politicians’ involvement in foreign elections? Understanding this behavior is important not only because it has received little scholarly attention but also because it could undermine public faith in electoral integrity in target countries. In this study, I consider an electorally based explanation, which suggests that politicians’ electoral incentives to appeal to expatriate voters in a foreign country can explain their rhetorical involvement in that country’s elections. I test this argument in the context of the 2020 US presidential election, where more than 50 Colombian MPs extensively promoted or attacked Joe Biden and Donald Trump on social media. My analysis indicates that whether Colombian MPs competed for Colombian Americans’ votes and their popularity in the US are the systematic correlates of how much they got involved in the 2020 US election. The findings highlight how diaspora enfranchisement is important to understand elite online communication that cuts across national borders.

The Obligations of Tenured Faculty in Restoring the Public's Faith in American Public Universities: Honoring Our Side of the Commitment

This editorial delves into the critical role of tenured faculty in American public universities in restoring the public's faith in these institutions. This editorial emphasizes that preserving the founding ideals of American public universities is both an obligation and a lasting legacy. It calls upon tenured faculty to rekindle the public spirit and actively contribute to the preservation of the American dream for future generations.

Second Chance Pell sets stage for rapid expansion of prison college programs

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Higher education is in need of some good news. Polls constantly show the public's faith in the importance of higher education is sliding, and to top it off, an enrollment cliff is imminent.

Pervasive Uncertainty: Citizens' Perspective on the Efficacy of Healthcare Services in Combating Vaccine Reluctance; A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) Approach

Nations around the world have conducted huge COVID-19 vaccination programmes; however, certain groups of individuals are resistant to the vaccine. Despite its demonstrated effectiveness, the general public is beginning to view vaccination as harmful and pointless. During 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic, plunged the globe, killing tens of thousands of people and halting commerce all across the planet. Scientists from every continent in the world worked together to develop vaccinations to halt the spread of the deadly virus. Even as efforts are made to eradicate the pandemic through vaccination campaigns, the COVID-19 "infodemic" continues to weaken public faith in these efforts. Although vaccine skepticism is a major problem, it is not usually the result of a flawed information ecosystem or defective vaccinations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitation in India and identify pertinent healthcare service-oriented factors contributing to this hesitancy. In order to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine reluctance in India, a meta-analysis was conducted. In total, 305 respondents from Bangalore, India, were contacted via mail survey to collect the information required to assess the aforementioned objective. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method was used to assess the many causes of vaccine hesitancy in healthcare services. Keywords: Covid-19, vaccination, hesitancy, healthcare services, Information services

Second Chance Pell sets the stage for rapid expansion of prison college programs

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Higher education is in need of some good news. The Supreme Court has struck down affirmative action in college admissions and nixed President Biden's expansive idea to cancel $400 billion of student debt. Polls constantly show the public's faith in the importance of higher education is sliding, and to top it off, an enrollment cliff is imminent.

Second Chance Pell sets the stage for rapid expansion of prison college programs

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Higher education is in need of some good news. The Supreme Court has struck down affirmative action in college admissions and nixed President Biden's expansive idea to cancel $400 billion of student debt. Polls show ongoing deterioration of the public's faith in the importance of higher education, and to top it off, an enrollment cliff is imminent.

Four key problems that will need to be addressed during the next pandemic

In June 2023, the UK began official hearings for its independent investigation into pandemic preparedness. Thus far, the inquiry has been told that planning has been wholly inadequate and that a future outbreak is inevitable. We present here four key problems that contributed to significant morbidity and mortality during the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic over the past 3 years in the UK - and which will contribute to excess morbidity and mortality in the next outbreak. First, there was misunderstanding about what procedures were deemed as aerosol generating. Aerosol transmission has always been a component of respiratory viruses; however, no specific aerosol-generating procedures are required to transmit any respiratory pathogens over long distances. Second, policy-makers were too binary in their answers to the public in terms of questions about severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This meant that, as evidence evolved and different conclusions were drawn, the public lost faith in both the UK Government and science. Third, public health guidance did not take into account that certain groups would be impacted differentially by public health guidelines and instead used a one-size-fits-all approach to non-pharmaceutical interventions. Finally, there was worsening of existing inequalities, especially in ethnic minority groups, that resulted in excessive numbers within certain cohorts becoming infected.

Second Chance Pell sets the stage for rapid expansion of prison college programs

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Higher education is in need of some good news. The Supreme Court has struck down affirmative action in college admissions and nixed President Biden's expansive idea to cancel $400 billion of student debt. Polls constantly show the public's faith in the importance of higher education is sliding, and to top it off, an enrollment cliff is imminent.