Public Facility Management Research Articles

연속성관리 구축 프레임워크 모색에 관한 연구

Until now, there were many BCMS case studies in financial sector based on best practices in BCP(Business Continuity Planning). However, the research on the standardized continuity management system framework that practically applicable to the private and public sectors-based national infrastructure and facilities management are relatively scarce. Therefore, in this study, we research to seek the continuity management system framework suitable for the private or public sector-based facility management through the comparison reviews of domestic and international continuity management system frameworks and the reviews of continuity management components considering the characteristic of the private or public sector-based facility management.

التصالح في جرائم العدوان على المال العام - دراسة تحليلية نقدية للقانون رقم 16 لسنة 2015

يلعب المال العام دور هام في حياة الدول والمجتمعات، بفضل دوره في تمکين مرافق الدولة من القيام بواجباتها في إدارة المرافق العامة، وتقديم خدماتها للجمهور. وقد کان المال العام محل استهداف کبير ممن سولت لهم أنفسهم الاعتداء عليه، وقد مکنت الصفة الوظيفية العديد من الأشخاص من الاستيلاء على المال العام ؛ ونظرا لخطورة هذه الجرائم فقد شدد المشرع العقاب على هذه الجرائم، تحقيقا للردع اللازم، وکان الاتجاه السائد على مستوى قانون الإجراءات الجنائية هو عدم التصالح في هذه الجرائم، إلا أن الظروف السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية التي مرت بها مصر عقب ثورة الخامس والعشرين من يناير 2011 و30 يونيو 2014 دفعت للمطالبة المستمرة بمحاسبة مرتکبي جرائم الاعتداء على المال العام، بما يضمن تحقيق العدالة في مواجهة مرتکبي هذه الجرائم من ناحية واسترداد الدولة لمالها العام المسلوب بطائفة من صور الفساد المالي والإداري ، ولصعوبة تحقيق هذه الأهداف مجتمعة، قام المشرع بإصدار القانون رقم 16 لسنة 2015 والصادر في 12 مارس 2015 الذي أجاز التصالح الجنائي بين الدولة والمتهم ، إذ أجاز بمقتضاه التصالح في جرائم الباب الرابع من الکتاب الثاني من قانون العقوبات الخاصة بجرائم الاعتداء على المال العام . وتسعى هذه الدراسة لتحليل هذا القانون ودراسته على نحو يبين مزاياه وعيوبه، وجدواه القانونية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية. A summary of the research public money plays an important role in the life of States and societies, thanks to its role in enabling the State facilities to carry out its duties in the management of public facilities and the provision of services to the public. The public money was a target to whom want to abuse it, the functional charterers for many people have enabled them to seize the public money. In view of the seriousness of these crimes, The legal lawmaker stressed the lawmaker impunity for such crimes, fulfilling the necessary on the level of Criminal Procedure, The general trend was no compromise in such crimes . The political, economic and social conditions experienced by Egypt after the revolution of the 25th of January 2011 and 30 June 2014 prompted the continuing demand holding accountable the perpetrators of the crimes of aggression against the public money, ensuring the achievement of justice in the face of the perpetrators of these crimes on the one hand and the recovery of the stolen public money ranged as picture of financial and administrative corruption, on the other hand. The difficulty of achieving these goals collectively, the legislature has issued the Law No. 16 of 2015 issued on 12 March 2015, which permits the criminal reconciliation between the State and the accused, which allowed the reconciliation in the crimes of four sections from the second book of the Penal Code on crimes of aggression on the public money. This study aims to analyze this law, advantages, disadvantages, and its legal, social and economic usefulness.

Inequality and inequity in healthcare utilization in urban Nepal: a cross-sectional observational study.

Inequality in access to quality healthcare is a major health policy challenge in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the major sources of inequity in healthcare utilization using a population-based household survey from urban Nepal. A cross-sectional survey was conducted covering 9177 individuals residing in 1997 households in five municipalities of Kathmandu valley between 2011 and 2012. The concentration index was calculated and a decomposition method was used to measure inequality in healthcare utilization, along with a horizontal inequity index (HI) to estimate socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare utilization. Results showed a significant pro-rich distribution of general healthcare utilization in all service providers (Concentration Index: 0.062, P < 0.001; HI: 0.029, P < 0.05) and private service providers (Concentration Index: 0.070, P < 0.001; HI: 0.030, P < 0.05). The pro-rich distribution of probability in general healthcare utilization was attributable to inequalities in the level of household economic status (percentage contribution: 67.8%) and in the self-reported prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension (36.7%) and diabetes (14.4%). Despite the provision of free services by public healthcare providers, our analysis found no evidence of the poor making more use of public health services (Concentration Index: 0.041, P = 0.094). Interventions to reduce the household economic burden of major illnesses, coupled with improvement in the management of public health facilities, warrant further attention by policy-makers.

Conceptual Shift in Management of Public Facilities

Conceptual Shift in Management of Public Facilities

Applicability of the EN 15221 Standard in Public Facility Management

Public facilities (such as museums, universities, theatres and so on) compared with private investments, have a row of specialities. Among other requirements, the building should serve political, cultural, social and urban interests. The collective of Standards of EN 15221:2011 refer to the facility management (Facility Management, FM) focusing on the FM as a product and the budget of FM. This standard was created with the aim of unification the operation of business service processes. In the public sphere, while the application of the standards arise as a great challenge, its understanding, and the lessons drawn from it might be important for both the community facility operators and managers. In the article, the Author sets up the model of the public facility management according to the descriptions of the Standard, and highlights the problems and focus points of the public utilization of the Standards by systematic examination of elements and analysis of relating literature. The article, based on the model set up, articulates suggestions for the adopters and the users of the public FM.

Security Analysis and Improvements of Session Key Establishment for Clustered Sensor Networks

WSN (wireless sensor network) is one of the main technologies in IoT (Internet of Things) applications or services. To date, several schemes have been proposed to establish a pair-wise key between two nodes in WSN, and most of them are designed to establish long-term keys used throughout the network lifetime. However, in the near future, if WSN will be used for information infrastructures in various fields such as manufacturing, distribution, or public facilities management and its life cycle can be as long as that of other common networks, it will definitely be advantageous in terms of security to encrypt messages using session keys instead of long-term keys. In this paper, we propose a session key establishment scheme for clustered sensor networks that is based on elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key exchange and hash chain. The proposed scheme eliminates vulnerabilities of existing schemes for WSN and has improved security. The proposed scheme is efficient in terms of energy costs compared to related schemes.

CARE

Over the past 20 years, an increasing number of emergency aid products for personal and family purposes have become available on the market. However, little attention has been focused on public facilities. This article is based on a joint design research project conducted by teams from Hong Kong, the United States, and the Chinese mainland. It is review in nature with the supplement of empirical fieldwork findings. Fieldwork was conducted in Wenchuan of China after an earthquake. Other cases include earthquakes (e.g., those in Japan, Taiwan, and mainland China) and floods (e.g., those in the United States and on the mainland China) were also reviewed as supplementary reference for the analysis. The article reviews the importance, design, and management of public post-disaster emergency aid facilities. It focuses on how the facilities can be designed and managed to achieve a better public living environment for victims immediately after disasters. It also aims to discuss how to maximize the cost-effectiveness of resources and benefits to victims and enhance recovery times. The key findings of the research show that it is necessary to have the provision of better-quality public post-disaster emergency facilities for victims who suffer immediately after disasters. A new approach of the directions and considerations in design and management called CARE, that is, comfort, accessibility, rapid, and effectiveness, is identified and discussed.

Multiple Dimensions of Public Facility and Infrastructure Management Corresponding to Depopulating

Multiple Dimensions of Public Facility and Infrastructure Management Corresponding to Depopulating

公共施設キャパシティの分析とマネジメント手法に関する考察

The purpose of this study is to indicate a new methodology of public facility management by comparing between the total amount of the capacity and the users' activity which is conducted at different time periods and then grasping the excess or deficiency condition of each capacity at the peak time when activity occurs. In the previous paper we could reveal the characteristics of each chamber required for each activity and lead to a consideration of the relationship with the capacity by grasping qualitative aspects of the activities of citizens in public facilities. In this paper we tried to analyze each facility in terms of the capacity without considering their functional types and chamber names. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the activity and capacity, we could find the excess or deficiency of specific capacity that we could not know in the conventional management methods by focusing on the peak hours when activity occurs. However 100% utilization rate is not realistic from operational point of view and further we must consider reorganization of the amount of the facilities in response to the changes of future needs.

Providing Public Sport Facilities in Post-Socialist Times: The Case of the Czech Republic

Abstract The paper aims to investigate current approaches to the management of public sport facilities by local governments. In the Czech Republic, local clubs traditionally played a key role in providing sport to the public. With decreasing participation in organized sport, a significant number of clubs have been forced to transfer their facilities to local governments and the sport position of local authorities has strengthened considerably in recent years. In consequence, there have been alterations in the management of public sport facilities. The findings of statistical analysis emphasize an increasing role of specialized organizations at the expense of in-house management or external provision (facilities hired out to sport clubs). Moreover, local population and type of facility were found to be the possible reasons for different approaches. In-house management is associated with smaller municipalities whereas most of their facilities have the character of public goods. In contrast, publicly funded organizations and municipal enterprises appear in municipalities with larger populations providing sport facilities of regional importance in the form of mixed goods. Finally, clubs, as representatives of external provision, mostly provide sport facilities primarily intended for their own purposes - club goods. In the context of recent works and contemporary trends in sport participation, the research findings indicate that different forms of management may have significant effects not only on efficiency of public budgets but also on conditions for sport at local level - especially on targeting those who would participate in sport if they had access to new opportunities or leisure programs.

Local governance system for management of public health facilities: Functioning of Rogi Kalyan Samiti in North Eastern States of India

In India, the National Rural Health Mission envisaged of having committees with civil society representation at all publicly financed hospitals known as Rogi Kalyan Samiti (RKS), with mandate to enhance governance in hospitals. There are limited evidences about functioning of these committees in many states, especially in North Eastern (NE) states. This paper analyses the perspective of RKS members and relate to changing community- health system structure for improved governance. The study was conducted in three states Manipur, Meghalaya, and Tripura of NE Region of India. Using stratified sampling design, 14 RKS/facilities were selected from Manipur, 15 from Meghalaya and 11 from Tripura. Two key informants (mainly, president/secretary of RKS) were interviewed using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire in local language. The major areas of RKS operationalization identified include; constitution, finance management and activities related to health systems strengthening. RKS was constituted during 2006-07 with governing body following issuance of government of India guidelines. The funds (grants and User Fee) were utilized for purchase of furniture, bio-medical waste management etc. The governing body meetings focused mainly on ensuring services; in Tripura 72% of RKS had regular meetings and have shown improvement in functioning of facilities.Formation of RKS model paved way to a new beginning for strengthening health system with involvement of local leaders, civil society to improve governance. The functioning is derived by availability of resources, capacity of committee members and the bureaucratic process. Revision in functioning of RKS model is essential towards self-sustainability and bridge between community-health systems.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.4(2) 2014: 16-22

Outsourcing open service management of public school sports facilities to private organizations：Local government perspectives

Outsourcing open service management of public school sports facilities to private organizations：Local government perspectives

지정관리자제도 도입 공공마리나의 이용객 만족에 관한 분석적 연구 - 일본의 공공마리나를 중심으로 -

일반적으로 공공시설에 대한 지정관리자제도 도입은 운영관리의 예산삭감과 민간에 의한 이용자 서비스 향상을 도모하기 위한 행정개혁의 일환으로 추진되고 있다. 일본의 경우 2006년부터 본격적으로 공공마리나시설에 지정관리자제도가 도입되기 시작하였으며 경제적 측면(예산절감)에서의 효율성에 대해서는 긍정적 평가를 받고 있다. 하지만 주된 업무가 서비스인 마리나에 있어 이용자 측면의 서비스 만족 등 효율성에 대한 논의는 전무하다. 따라서 본 논문의 목적은 첫째 일본의 지방자치단체법 개정에 의해 실행된 지정관리자제도(Designated Manager System, 이하 DMS)를 도입한 마리나의 현황을 파악하여 이점과 문제점을 도출한다. 둘째 공공마리나 시설 이용자의 관점에서 DMS 도입 전과 후의 이용자 서비스에 대해 비교조사를 실시한다. 첫 번째 목적에서 본 연구에서는 DMS의 경제적 이점과 지방자치단체 레벨에서 DMS의 중요성을 명확히 하였다. 이것은 DMS를 도입하여 공공시설 운영 및 관리에 참여하려는 민간 사업자, NPO에게 도움이 될 것이다. 또한 지금까지의 대부분의 연구는 DMS를 도입한 지방자치단체의 경제적 경비절감에만 중점을 두고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이용자의 관점에서 DMS의 이점과 문제점을 밝혀내었으며 이것을 바탕으로 DMS를 도입한 마리나 시설의 운영 방향에 대해 검토하였다. In general, Introducing of the Designated Manager System (DMS) of public facilities has been promoted as part of administrative reforms for planning improvement of service for customers by a private and budget cuts of operations management. DMS has begun to be introduced to the public marina facilities in earnest in 2006, it is evaluated positive about efficiency in terms of business(budget cuts). However, there is no discussion about efficiency (likes service satisfaction of client-side) from the marina whose major job is service. The primary purpose of this study is to clarify the benefits and challenges as a result of the Designated Manager System (DMS) launch implemented by local governments, following the relevant amendments to the Local Government Law. The second purpose is to clarify, from the viewpoint of users, what changes have taken place after the DMS launch, focusing on public marinas operated under the DMS. As for the primary purpose, the study is intended to clarify the economic benefits of the DMS and the significance of the DMS launch at a prefectural government level. This will help us assess whether it would be worthwhile to encourage private companies or non-profit organizations (NPO) to participate in the management and operation of public facilities under the DMS scheme. Most of the studies to date have examined the benefits of the DMS launch, focusing on the economic benefits for local governments. This study is intended to clarify the benefits and disadvantages to users of the DMS launch from the viewpoint of users.

Private finance initiative as a new way to manage public facilities

Purpose – This paper aims to analyse the findings of the relevant studies, to summarise what has been done in this area, to direct future research and to improve private finance initiative (PFI) practice. PFI is a new form of contracting out public facilities to the private sector, where facility management was integrated with construction. There have been a large number of academic papers published on this subject; however, there is a lack of a systematic review of the PFI-related studies. Design/methodology/approach – The literature search focused on international peer-reviewed and published literature, with relevance to PFI. The search of literature, following the method of Tang et al. (2010) and Al-Sharif and Kaka (2004), involved the titles, keywords and abstracts, from some major electronic databases (Web of Science, Engineering Village, Science Direct (Elsevier) and Springer Link) of publications published between 1992 and 2011. The data were classified into six categories for further analysis. Findings – As a new way to procure public facility management, PFI projects have unique characteristics in comparison to conventional construction procurement. The review of the literature regarding PFI is important in terms of summarising the key findings and suggestions of studies for industry practitioners, as well as forecasting the future academic research trends in this area. The number of research works on PFI increased quickly in recent years; however, the review discovered there were still some issues not yet covered in the literature. Research limitations/implications – This review is not exhaustive in nature, as the criteria in selecting research papers only included English-written, peer-reviewed journals from some major electronic literature databases. This is the limitation of the research. Further review on a wider range of literature is recommended for researchers. Originality/value – Since PFI was introduced to the construction industry to fund infrastructure 20 years ago in the UK, it has gained interests from scholars. In this new form of contracting out public facilities to the private sector, facility management was integrated with construction. There have been a large number of academic papers published on this subject; however, there is a lack of a systematic review of the PFI studies.

Study on the standard architecture for geoinformation common services

Abstract. The construction of platform for geoinformation common services was completed or on going in in most provinces and cities in these years in China, and the platforms plays an important role in the economic and social activities. Geoinfromation and geoinfromation based services are the key issues in the platform. The standards on geoinormation common services play as bridges among the users, systems and designers of the platform. The standard architecture for geoinformation common services is the guideline for designing and using the standard system in which the standards integrated to each other to promote the development, sharing and services of geoinformation resources. To establish the standard architecture for geoinformation common services is one of the tasks of "Study on important standards for geonformation common services and management of public facilities in city". The scope of the standard architecture is defined, such as data or information model, interoperability interface or service, information management. Some Research work on the status of international standards of geoinormation common services in organization and countries, like ISO/TC 211, OGC and other countries or unions like USA, EU, Japan have done. Some principles are set up to evaluate the standard, such as availability, suitability and extensible ability. Then the development requirement and practical situation are analyzed, and a framework of the standard architecture for geoinformation common services are proposed. Finally, a summary and prospects of the geoinformation standards are made.

A Study on Actual Conditions and Issues of Public Facility Management in Municipalities

A Study on Actual Conditions and Issues of Public Facility Management in Municipalities

Linking Data and Converging Systems for Smarter Urban Services: Two Cases of U-City Service in Korea

To overcome many difficulties in sustaining the satisfying quality of life for a large population1, urban spaces are evolving toward more efficient spaces by combination with ICTs (information and communication technologies) and raising the possibility to provide improved urban services which can enrich the quality of life of the citizen. In many cities over the world, a good number of public and private services in transportation, environment, urban safety from crime or disaster, health and other fields are designed and implemented with IT infrastructure. In spite of the expectation of cost-effective urban services based on the linkage between data and systems, obstructions in administrative and technical domains have made it difficult to be implemented. In this study, two advanced ICTs based urban services, which were developed by linkage and convergence of urban information and systems of Korea were introduced and analysed. The structural design of system convergence and data sharing scheme of Carbon Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) in Sejong City uses UIS (Urban Information System for local authorities), GIS data and other data provided by the public agencies, such as Korea Meteorological Administration for the monitoring and analysing the characteristics of the energy consumption of household2. Another system, Urban Integrated CCTV Control System (ICCS) in Anyang City, shows integrated CCTV networks for crime prevention, traffic control and public facility management to provide extended urban services, such as disaster prevention, police investigation and others. Qualitative and Quantitative effects analyses with technical and policy directions were suggested for the development and improvement of future urban services for a liveable city.

모듈 조립형 공공시설물 디자인 개발

현대 사회는 경제적인 성장과 더불어 주민들의 니즈(Needs)를 어떻게 충분하게 반영해야 하는 중요한 시대에 살고 있다. 공공분야의 욕구는 사회생활에서 살아가는 현대인에게 필요한 기본요건을 의미하며 사회복지정책 차원에서도 매우 중요하다. 이러한 공익적 욕구를 해소하기 위해서 최근 들어 공공디자인에 대한 시설을 지자체마다 활발하게 설치하여 주민들의 편의를 높이고 공공서비스를 확대를 정책적으로 추진하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 공공디자인은 합리적인 계획과 유지관리가 원활하게 이루어지도록 설치되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 도시지역의 근린공원에 설치될 공익시설물을 대상으로 공공디자인의 현황과 선행연구를 고찰하고 디자인의 개념을 명확히 하여 근린공간에 설치될 공공시설물의 디자인 문제점을 파악해 새롭게 디자인하여 적용하고자 한다. 이러한 실무 개발을 위한 디자인 방향과 공공시설물에 대한 보관, 조립, 관리가 편리한 모듈 조립형 디자인을 제시하여 향후 공공디자인 개발에 관련된 합리적 유지관리 방향을 살펴보고 공공디자인개발 정책에 반영할 수 있는 디자인 개발사례를 제시하고자 한다. In modern society, we live in the important age which should reflect needs of residents enough with the economic growth. Desire in the public sector means the basic requirements which are necessary for contemporary men who live in social life and is very important even at the social welfare policy level. Each local government is recently increasing convenience of residents by installing the facilities about public design and is politically promoting expansion of public services to satisfy their public desire. This public design should be installed to make reasonable plans and maintenance be smoothly done. This paper tries to study the present condition and the precedent studies targeting public interest facilities which will be installed in neighborhood parks of urban areas, grasp design problems of public facilities which will be installed in neighborhood space by clarifying the concept of design, and apply them by designing them newly. It tries to examine reasonable maintenance direction related to next development of public design by suggesting design direction for this practical development and module assembly typed design that storage, assembly, and management of public facilities are convenient and suggest cases of design development which can reflect them in public design development policies.

실시간 도로 환경 정보 모니터링을 위한 USN 테스트베드 구축

최근 정보통신의 발달은 유비쿼터스, 스마트 환경이라는 새로운 패러다임을 출현시켰으며, USN 기술은 유비쿼터스 환경 구축 및 적용에 적합한 대표적인 기술이다. 본 논문은 USN 기술을 도시에 적용 검증하기 위한 테스트베드 구축과 적용 사례에 대해 연구하였다. 또한 USN 기술의 공공부분 수요 창출을 위하여 지리정보체계(GIS) 및 시설물관리(FM) 등과 융합하여 도로 위험구간모니터링 서비스 구현 방법에 대해 기술하였다. 실제 적용을 위해, USN 장치 제작 및 현장 설치, 관련 규정 조사, 설치 가이드라인 작성, 시스템 구축 및 실시간 연동 테스트 등을 연구하였다. 본 연구 내용을 도로에 적용하면 도로 공공시설물 관리, 도로 사고 실시간 감시 및 주변 환경 데이터 실시간 모니터링 등 많은 응용이 가능하며 향후 시설물 인프라의 BIM과 접목하면 3차원 시설물관리까지 확장이 가능할 것으로 예상된다. Recently, the development of the information-communications industry has created a new paradigm of the ubiquitous and the smart environments. An USN is a typical technology for constructing a ubiquitous environments. But the USN technologies applied in practice have a lot of problems and to solve these problems that this study was to build a test bed. For the creation of the needs of USN technology, we suggest a method and service of monitoring of road hazards combining the USN and the Geographic Information System(GIS). We conduct making the USN equipment relevant provisions surveys, making installation guidelines, construction system and real-time testing. This study is capable of the management of public facilities, real-time monitoring of accident and the environment data and is expected to be expanded to a 3D facility management combineded with BIM in the future.

Analysis on the Management of Public Facilities in Local Governments and Alternatives for Improving Efficiency: Special Reference to the A Metropolitan Government

Analysis on the Management of Public Facilities in Local Governments and Alternatives for Improving Efficiency: Special Reference to the A Metropolitan Government