Public Debt Of Ukraine Research Articles

Measures to prevent state default under martial law

Debt security is especially relevant for developing countries, because they recover from economic shocks longer than developed countries, and the consequences of such shocks are catastrophic for them. Default is one of the most undesirable consequences of defaulting on a debt security, which determines the relevance of the topic under investigation. The aim of the study was to assess the current condition and state policy on the provision of debt security in Ukraine under martial law and to generalize measures to increase debt security and minimize the risk of default. The article used the following methods: economic statistical analysis, structural system approach and abstract logical method. The study found that, with the onset of a large-scale invasion, the share of public debt in Ukraine exceeded the recommended value by about 47 % and increased by more than 58 % compared to 2021. The conclusions of the research propose measures to increase debt security, divided into domestic and international measures.

Міжнародні стандарти статистики державного боргу та їх впровадження в систему управління державними фінансами України

Міжнародні стандарти статистики державного боргу та їх впровадження в систему управління державними фінансами України

The public debt of Ukraine in the economic development policy in the war and post-war periods: Bibliometric analysis

Public debt can attract funds to finance public needs and stabilize the country’s economic development. This study aims to analyze the relationship between public debt and economic development considering the war actions in Ukraine. This paper uses bibliometric analysis, comprising in-built Scopus and WoS instruments, VosViewer, and Google Trends tools. The overall results show the close relationship between public debt, economic development, and war (armed conflict) concepts. The publications were examined according to key features: containing the keywords from the green and red clusters; covering the period 2015–2018 and 2022; and discussing public debt in Central and South-Eastern Europe. This improved the theoretical and methodological approach to the bibliometric analysis of public debt. Moreover, the study identified risks (based on selected scientific publications) to which the primary attention should be paid during the war and post-war periods in Ukraine: currency and demographic risks. Key recommendations were provided to ensure debt security during the war and post-war periods. However, the given recommendations should be implemented within the framework of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine, which would improve the credit rating and reliability of the state.

Дипломатичний супровід зовнішнього державного боргу України

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the measures regarding diplomatic support of the Ukraine's foreign public debt in the conditions of a critical budget deficit. The analytical basis of the proposals are the results of the assessment of trends in the development of international flows of debt capital and the world experience of diplomatic assistance to countries in the process of overcoming their debt crisis. It has been established that the process of international movement of loan capital, in which countries are active participants regardless of the economic development level, is characterized by dynamic trends of value growth. A critical factor in the growth of public debt in Ukraine is the decrease in the value of GDP and the inability to cover the budget deficit as a result of high military and social costs. It has been proved that the minimization of risks associated with the State's dependence on international borrowing is possible under the condition of effective diplomatic support of the external debt at all stages of its formation and maintenance. Ukraine has positive results of diplomatic debt support (favorable conditions for obtaining new loans, partial restructuring of existing debt). However, in the future, under conditions of preservation of current trends, the growth of foreign debt will pose a threat to the economic security of the State. Based on the analysis of alternative options for overcoming the debt crisis, the authors substantiate the expediency of Ukraine's diplomatic request to international creditors for preferential debt restructuring; active cooperation with foreign countries regarding mediation in interaction with international financial organizations in the direction of initiating special programs of financial support for Ukraine. Diplomatic support of foreign public debt should occur simultaneously with the further integration of Ukraine into the European Union, measures to stimulate economic growth in the country, which will contribute to increasing the international investment attractiveness and credit ratings of the national economy.

External Debt Management in the System of Financial Security of the State

The article is devoted to the study of the state of the state debt and the state of Ukraine’s debt policy. The relevance of this topic is that during the previous years, the public debt of Ukraine, both external and internal, was constantly growing, creating threats to the country’s debt security and financial stability. Over the last decade, the problem of the growth of Ukraine’s foreign debt continues to worsen. Attracting loan capital is caused by the need to replenish currency reserves in order to increase the resources of the country’s economic development and ensure the stability of the national currency. The purpose of the study is a theoretical generalization of the prerequisites and features of the formation of the national debt of Ukraine and the justification of the policy of management and service of the external debt, which will contribute to ensuring the financial security and economic development of the country. In accordance with the set goal, the work is supposed to solve a number of problems, the main of which are: clarifying the impact of foreign debt on the financial security of the state; clarification of the relationship between the financial and economic development of the state and the state debt; assessment of the state debt of Ukraine and the state of its financial security; development of proposals for improving the management and servicing of public debt in Ukraine. To achieve the goal, the following scientific methods were used in the scientific research: analysis and generalization - to study the current state of debt security in Ukraine; comparison and compilation - for the analysis of world and national experience in calculating the system of indicators of financial security; grouping – for clustering of relevant indicators of the impact of debt on financial security; statistical analysis – to study the dynamics of debt security indicators and calculate an integral index based on them. These methods make it possible to single out the challenges and prospects of the Ukrainian economy on the way to achieving the optimal level of the country’s foreign debt. The structure of the state debt of Ukraine and its optimal limits have been determined. An analysis of the current state and main trends of the state debt of Ukraine was carried out. In particular, the trends of its share in GDP were determined, a thorough structural analysis of the national debt of Ukraine was carried out for the period from 01.01.2013 to 01.01.2022, and an assessment of budget costs for servicing and repayment of the national debt of Ukraine was carried out. An analysis of the state and structure of the state debt of Ukraine makes it possible to identify trends in its volume growth. During the analyzed period, the size of the national debt of Ukraine changed rapidly, which is determined by general factors of economic development. The authors found that in the structure of the state debt, there is a clear tendency towards the predominance of external debt over internal debt. The main causes of the state debt are the state budget deficit and significant amounts of internal and external borrowing. Further growth of the national debt of Ukraine is very dangerous and may lead to the loss of economic independence, the withdrawal of funds from the financial market that could be used for the development of the real sector of the economy, a decrease in competitiveness on domestic and foreign markets, and a decline in the standard of living of the country’s population. But reaching the projected level threatens Ukraine with default. In order to avoid negative consequences, it is proposed to improve the mechanism of public debt management at the institutional level, to improve the legal framework, and also to increase the level of own gross domestic product by modernizing domestic enterprises.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC DEBT ON THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

The article reviewed current trends in the field of external debt, which further exacerbate the problems in the political, economic, financial and monetary spheres of the economy. This is primarily due to the inefficient system of public debt management and leads to exceeding the threshold values ​​of debt security. It was found that the amount of debt in the context of financial security of a country should first be studied in relation to GDP, what fully reflects the real economic situation in the country under the influence of inflation. The share of public debt in recent years has exceeded 60 % of GDP, which requires the government to take measures that would limit the possibility of borrowing in order to reduce public and state-guaranteed debt. Observations of the structure of Ukraine's public debt for the period 2011-2020 show the predominance of external debt and the gradual growth of its share. The peak of the level of public debt of Ukraine beyond the border falls on the period 2014-2017, but as of 2020 this figure was 60.8 %.Ukraine's public debt ratio is estimated in terms of currency structure, which shows that the major's share of debt in 2020 is denominated 46.22 % in US dollars. The threat to financial security for Ukraine remains high, as exchange rate volatility increases the repayment of principal and interest on debt.The analysis of public debt over the past 10 years shows the intensification of threats and risks to financial security by international financial institutions through external lending, as well as the high level of Ukraine's debt to external and domestic creditors. The study of indicators as indicators of financial security over the past 5 years shows the insufficient level of budget security of the country and the presence of internal and external threats to financial security of Ukraine.It is determined that the government's urgent task is to optimize the sources of public debt financing together with the development of clear and transparent rules of debt policy for the assessment of debt security indicators and financial risk management. The result of such changes is expected to reduce the amount of credit borrowing and a positive impact on the level of financial security of the state.

Assessment of the external debt impact on a country’s economic development indicators: Evidence from Ukraine

External public debt is not only a means of raising funds to finance public needs, but also an effective tool for stabilizing a country`s economic development, the assessment and analysis of which allows making effective management decisions at the state level and developing effective measures to improve the economic and debt situation. The paper aims to assess the impact of external public debt on Ukraine’s economic development indicators (GDP, foreign direct investment, foreign exchange reserves). In order to achieve the stated goal distributed lag models are used, which allow modeling a country’s economic development (according to key indicators) within certain forecast scenarios. The study covers the period from 2009 to 2021. An analysis of the dynamics of external public debt in Ukraine led to the conclusion about the unstable debt situation in Ukraine and a significant increase in external debt in recent years. Econometric models with a distributed lag of three years are built and the results of the influence of external public debt in different time periods are analyzed. The average lag in the built models is about one and a half years (for GDP) and two and a half years (for foreign direct investment). This value indicates that the average change (increase/decrease) in external public debt will change economic development over time. A positive conclusion is made on the possibility of not only assessing the time lag between the indicators, but also on the prospects for forecasting both the public debt and key indicators of Ukraine`s economic development. AcknowledgmentThe article was published as part of research projects “Convergence of economic and educational transformations in the digital society: modeling the impact on regional and national security” (No. 0121U109553) and “Reforming the lifelong learning system in Ukraine for the prevention of the labor emigration: a coopetition model of institutional partnership” (No. 0120U102001).

INTERNAL IMBALANCES AND GROWTH IN UKRAINE IN THE VIEW OF FISCAL AND MONETARY ISSUES

Introduction. The frequent crises are a vital impediment to growth in Ukraine. One of the reasons is the accumulated imbalances, which objectively arise if ignoring the economic fundamentals in economic policy implementation. The purpose of the article is to study internal imbalances in Ukraine to determine the causes and consequences of economic slack given fiscal and monetary issues. Results. A critical observation of the Quantity Theory of Money approach in the balance between aggregate demand and supply made it possible to reconstruct the Ukrainian economy’s circular motion for the last ten years. The generation of the coincident and leading composite indices confirmed a difference to be at play between aggregate supply and demand. The parametric Early Warning System modeling results showed that an additional percentage of imbalances between aggregate demand and supply increased the likelihood of crises in Ukraine by 4%. The severe influence of the debt factor on macroeconomic dynamics made it possible to build up a quarterly econometric model by retranslating the exponential trend of the domestic public debt accumulation on GDP motion. The developed Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model made it possible to reconstruct the economy’s prospect to move sustainable growth path, subject to implementing the golden rule of public finance. The fiscal multiplier effect offset the short-run crowding-out effect resulting from debt accumulation for financing public investment in favor of increased production in the long term. The significant parameter in this scenario is public investments efficiency, the increased level of which has to be one of the goals of the economic policy implementation. Conclusions. Fiscal-monetary interaction is crucial for counteracting macroeconomic imbalances and activating economic dynamics. Given the rise in public debt in Ukraine due to the Covid-19 pandemic, borrowing should be cautious while performing the fiscal investment expansion to stimulate growth.

ДЕФІЦИТ ДЕРЖАВНОГО БЮДЖЕТУ І ДЕРЖАВНИЙ БОРГ УКРАЇНИ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПІДХОДИ ДО ЙОГО ПОКРАЩЕННЯ

The article shows that in a difficult period of transition from the administrative-planned to the market system in Ukraine formed the practice of state budget deficit and increase public debt in order to urgently address the acute socio-economic problems of society. At the present stage of development of the Ukrainian economy, the question of reducing the budget deficit and public debt has already arisen. To answer it, the study analyzes the state budget deficit and public debt in Ukraine and identifies effective sources of public debt repayment. It is substantiated that the basic direction of improving the situation should be the growth of the domestic economy. This statement is due to the fact that the size of the deficit and debt of the state are derived from the state of economic development of the country. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of sources of covering the lack of public funds. It is noted that the main sources are external and internal borrowing, and others – funds from privatization, sale of government securities, return of deposits – are not powerful and are not permanent. The article notes that during the study period there was a significant increase in public debt. This situation is threatening, as our country's dependence on foreign creditors is growing. It is noted that in the structure of our external debt, more than half are foreign government bonds (ODP), and the market for these instruments is very sensitive to economic and political changes in the issuer's country. It is proved that domestic government borrowing has certain advantages, because there is a redistributive process that does not cause rising prices. The study notes that difficulties in forming domestic public debt through domestic government bonds (IGLBs) in Ukraine are due to low living standards and insufficient development of the securities market. It is concluded that the significant pres-sure of domestic public debt on the domestic economy can be reduced only by implementing measures to strengthen investment processes and development on this basis of domestic production.

Управління державним боргом України: проблеми та напрями оптимізації

The article analyzes the current state of Ukraine’s debt in unstable conditions. The economic essence of the term «public debt management», as well as regulatory and legal support for the implementation of debt policy in the State, is given. It is noted that the management of both the public and the State-guaranteed debt is carried out by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. A dynamic analysis of Ukraine’s public debt for 2017-2021 was carried out. The structure of the total amount of the public debt and the State-guaranteed debt of Ukraine for 2017-2021 is examined in terms of internal and external debt. During the research, a structural analysis of public debt in Ukraine in terms of foreign currencies as of 2021 was carried out, the amount of funds allocated from the State Budget of Ukraine for debt servicing and payments on the State derivatives during 2017-2021 was analyzed. The ratio of public debt to gross domestic product is computed. The main problems of the government borrowing market are given. The peculiarities of the risks of the public debt of Ukraine are characterized. Modern sources of financing of the State budget are considered. The directions of optimization of the State policy in the field of public debt management of Ukraine are allocated.

Public Debt of Ukraine: Features of Formation and Influence on Economic Growth

Abstract. Introduction. Nowadays, Ukraine’s economy, as well as other economies, suffers from the global crisis due to Covid-2019. Expenditures of the country increase with a considerable rapidity, especially on healthcare and social protection. Taking into consideration the fact that accumulated budget revenues do not always cover the necessary expenses, country is in need to take credits to cover the budget deficit, which arises. These loans constitute public debt, the increase in maintenance costs of which may lead to a slowdown in economic growth, which is already taking place in Ukraine. Purpose. Determination of the features of the formation of public debt in Ukraine and research of its impact on economic growth in 2011-2019. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are envisaged: study of the main stages of the formation of public debt in Ukraine; analysis of the dynamics and structure of public debt 2011-2019 years; research of the relationship between domestic and foreign debt and GDP with the help of a two-factor model; interpretation of the results and recommendations for optimizing the structure of public debt. Results. The article examines the formation of Ukraine's public debt since the country's independence (1991). Based on statistics and the work of domestic scientists, a brief description of the nine main stages of formation and accumulation of public debt was identified and provided; the structure of public debt (by sources, maturities and types of creditors) for 2011-2019 is analyzed; the dynamics of internal and external debts during the specified period is represented; an empirical analysis of the relationship between domestic and external debt and GDP is done; The Medium-Term Public Debt Management Strategy for 2019 – 2022 of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine on Public Debt Management was considered. Based on empirical research, it was found that domestic debt has more positive impact on economic growth than external borrowing. The public debt management strategy for 2019-2022 developed in the context of macroeconomic stabilization contains four main objectives of public debt management and the first one is to increase the share of public debt in the national currency. Therefore, we can conclude that the results obtained in the study coincide with the strategic directions of the country's debt policy in the medium term.

Budget Security as Factor of Economic Development of the State

A system analysis of the core threats to the budgetary security of the state shows that the current performance of the budgetary system in Ukraine was formed under the pressure of destructive external and internal risks aggravating the budgetary security problem. The article’s objective is to deepen theoretical and methodological foundations for the assessment of core threats to the budgetary security of the state. 
 It is demonstrated that the occurrence of external and internal threats to the budgetary security is characterized by the following tendencies: high level of GDP redistribution through the budgetary system; the growing figures of the total public debt, the government guaranteed debt and the payments to service and repayment of the public debt in Ukraine; the persisting high deficit of the public budget; high level of centralization of the budgetary funds. 
 It is substantiated that the execution of budget revenues involves two main dimensions of risk activities, which are the threats related with the proceeding of taxes and other categories of obligatory payments to the budget, and the administrative threats stemming from the existing system of tax administering. The impact of the first group of threats can be minimized by building up a rational budgetary system with the optimal level of fiscal burden. Minimization of the impact from the second group of threats will enable for the effective work of government bodies charged with administering and control. 
 The factors that cause risks and threats of budget losses resulting from failures in the budget revenues administration system are determined: risks which occurrence will result in the budget revenues never reaching the expected levels due to the inefficiency of forecasting and planning of budget revenues and failures in the routine operation process, first and foremost when mobilizing payments to the budget; risks of the excessive costs with the occurrence of which the costs for guaranteeing the projected figures of budget revenues by revenue category will exceed the economically viable ones; risks of the violation of the law, and risks of budget revenues administering per se.

THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL PUBLIC DEBT ON THE NATIONAL ECONOMY’S KEY MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS (CASE OF UKRAINE)

The paper empirically explores the impact of external public debt in Ukraine on key macroeconomic indicators such as real GDP growth, real effective exchange rate, and current account balance. The problem of increasing external debt affects not only the problems of balance of payments fluctuations but also economic security and economic growth. We have tested the hypotheses regarding the impact of Ukraine’s external public debt on these indicators in the short and long run. As an empirical tool for hypotheses testing vector autoregression models (VaR models) have been chosen. The results of constructed models show the acceleration of the external public debt growth provokes the GDP growth rate to fall with subsequent macrostabilization. The reaction of the GDP growth rate to the shock of the real effective exchange rate is more noticeable. The shock of real effective exchange rate has led to increase in external public debt with a further dampening to zero.Empirical data from the VaR model confirm that external debt has a negative impact on GDP and essentially behaves similarly to the shock of REER strengthening. Research results confirm the relationship between external public debt, real effective exchange rate, and GDP growth in Ukraine. Based on the models it was analyzed the external public debt and real effective exchange rate shocks influence the real gross domestic product growth rate. The growth of external public debt leads to the GDP growth rate fall by 1% during a year and a half with subsequent stabilization in the future. GDP growth fluctuations are explained mainly by their own fluctuations while external public debt is accounting for 2,5—8% of its fluctuations. Fluctuations in external public debt of 7—10% are explained by current account fluctuations in Ukraine. The described results of the model correspond to the concept of dependent economy.

Зовнішній державний борг України: тенденції та взаємозв’язок з економічним розвитком

У статті розглянуто проблеми забезпечення погашення зовнішніх зобов’язань державного сектору. Визначено основні чинники впливу на зовнішній державний борг та боргу на економіку країни. Проаналізовано динаміку та структуру державного боргу України. Досліджено взаємовплив і взаємозв’язок динаміки зовнішнього державного боргу та ВВП. Визначено ризики зростання рівня зовнішнього державного боргу.
 Метою статті є розгляд тенденцій формування зовнішніх боргових накопичень державного сектору економіки України та вивчення взаємозв’язку впливу величини зовнішнього державного боргу та ВВП.
 Наукова новизна. Обґрунтовано взаємовплив і залежність динаміки зовнішнього державного боргу та ВВП, що дало змогу виявити силу впливу та спрямованість взаємозв’язку між аналізованими показниками, а також тенденції їхньої динаміки, які дозволять розробляти вектори зовнішньої боргової політики з урахуванням економічного розвитку держави.
 Висновки. Для моніторингу, аналізу і контролю стану зовнішнього боргу, мінімізації пов’язаних із ним ризиків доцільно розробити відповідну систему показників і їх граничних значень, яка могла би своєчасно сигналізувати про наростання кризових явищ у вказаній сфері і необхідність прийняття відповідних заходів, спрямованих на усунення негативних тенденцій.
 Незважаючи на зазначені негативи, державний борг є основним джерелом покриття бюджетного дефіциту практично всіх країн. Єдине застереження в даному випадку – це розумні межі як дефіциту бюджету, так і запозичень, оскільки надмірна заборгованість означає, що борг країни перевищує очікувані можливості його погашення, а очікувані платежі з обслуговування боргу можуть все більшою мірою залежати від обсягу виробництва.

Analysis of public debt of Ukraine

Subject of research is public debt. The purpose of this article is to analyze the status of public debt of Ukraine, its dynamics and structure. Methods which were used in course of research: the method of systemic structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, statistical, General, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results.The article described the views of scientists on the essence of economic category «public debt». Analyzed the periods of the formation of government debt, the dynamics of the budget deficit of Ukraine over the past 10 years, public and publicly guaranteed debt of Ukraine from 2012 to 2019 Indicated the negative effects of the impact of public debt on the economy and forward-looking indicators of public debt in the years 2020-2024. Application of results.Тhe results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as well as in institutions of higher education in teaching economic disciplines. Conclusions.The state budget of Ukraine is performed by increasing the volume of its deficiency and the use of borrowing to Finance it. The result is an increase in government direct and guaranteed debt, and this is what causes the increased pressure on the public finances, on the development of our country, which negatively affects economic growth. During the years of independence, there were fluctuations in government and government-guaranteed debt, but never reached zero values. The main objective of the government is to stabilize the economy, and hence in the medium term, he needs to resolve the question of reducing public debt because it poses a threat to financial and economic security of the country.

Public debt of Ukraine: dynamics, structure, management methods

The paper studies the dynamics, structure, methods of Ukraine’s public debt management and identifies the constituent elements of the public debt management mechanism. The current trends of Ukraine's debt policy are analyzed and its macroeconomic consequences are determined. It is established that public debt management is one of the key factors in ensuring macroeconomic stability in the country. According to the results of the study, the nature of the debt problem depends on the country’s budget capacity, the state of its foreign exchange reserves, and, accordingly, on the stability of the national currency, interest rates, investment climate, the behavior of all segments of the financial market. It is established that the main problem of public debt management lies in ensuring the solvency of the state, the real sources of public debt repayment. It was found that the most statistically significant factor influencing the size of Ukraine’s external debt is GDP growth. It is justified that in order to reduce the amount of the country's external liabilities and increase GDP, it is necessary to resort to domestic borrowings as much as possible. It is proposed to use the foreign experience of developed countries in Western Europe and the United States, which resort to external borrowings only when there is a stable GDP growth. The study found that countries do not set the goal of reducing debt to zero, but recognize the need to reduce it to a certain level of sustainability, which depends on economic growth, interest rates, due to which countries occupy a certain place in domestic and foreign markets. It is noted that Ukraine's current credit ratings should be raised through fiscal policy and reforms. The results of the study highlight the priority areas for implementing the medium-term public debt management strategy for 2019 – 2022. JEL Classification: R58.

The public debt of Ukraine as a particular factor of the state security

Relevance of research topic. The constant growth of Ukraine's public debt requires effective management of it. The larger the amount of debt, the harder it is to serve the state, so this topic is especially relevant in the context of those economic situations in which Ukraine has been during the recent years of the hybrid war with Russia and the protracted financial crisis. Formulation of the problem. The social and economic significance of public debt is increasing every year, because it is linked to the country's debt security, which affects the budget capacity of the state. The problem is the search of ways to improve the mechanism of public debt management in the direction of strengthening Ukraine's debt security, which since independence has been living at the expense of IMF loans. Analysis of recent research and publications. The theoretical foundations of state debt and debt security, methodological approaches to its evaluation, the formation of a mechanism for providing debt security and its management were highlighted in the works of O. Baranovsky, D. Boyko, Z. Varnaliy, V. Kozyuk, M. Kubai, O. Cheberyako and other scientists. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Despite the rather deep theoretical study of the issue of debt security of the state, it should be noted that there is a need for its further study taking into account the specifics of the national economic situation and the strategic course of Ukraine on European integration. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the article is to study the state of debt security in Ukraine by analyzing the dynamics of public debt and developing recommendations for raising the level of debt security of the country. A specific goal has necessitated the following tasks: to study the theoretical foundations of state debt and debt security; to analyze the dynamics of changes in the state debt of Ukraine and the state of national debt security; to determine the problems of management of the state debt, which resulted in the existing state of debt security in Ukraine; to propose of ways to optimize public debt to strengthen debt security. Method or methodology for conducting research. During the research historical, analytical-empirical, inductive-deductive, comparative research methods were used to implement the principle of objectivity of scientific presentation, as well as in the determination of the debt condition of Ukraine, tools of economic-mathematical modeling and graphical presentation of research results were used. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The work is disclosed the theoretical foundations of the state debt, shows his place in economic research and the influence on the debt security of the state. The condition of the state debt of Ukraine is analyzed. The features and rationale for strengthening the debt security of Ukraine through the prism of improving the mechanism for managing and servicing the public debt are disclosed. The field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the theory and practice of public debt management. The assessment of debt indicators and their analysis will be an expedient source of information for developing ways to strengthen Ukraine's debt security. Conclusions according to the article. One of the main components of financial security is debt security. The role of its decisive component - public debt - determines the priority of public debt management and its servicing, which is an important condition for the stability of the financial system of the state and security. Debt security of Ukraine is in an unsatisfactory state, for improvement it is necessary to improve the debt policy of the state and debt management.

ОБЛІГАЦІЇ ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЗИКИ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

This paper asserts that domestic government loan bonds is an effective investment tool and offers a framework for evaluating government bonds as an investment instrument within a corporate business. The research findings demonstrate that the investment success of the corporate enterprise depends on domestic market bond liquidity and the risks associated with the external environment uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of domestic government loan bonds within corporate investment policy. To achieve the research objective, the following methods have been employed: a synthesis – to identify the nature of corporate investment policy, methods of economic statistical analysis – to provide a government bond market analysis, and comparative structural analysis – to explore the preferences and benefits associated with the use of international practice in the area of developing a government debt policy. Data analysis for the period 2013-2017 indicates that the increase in domestic public debt in Ukraine negatively affects the companies in their decision to invest in government bonds. The operation of the united forces (formerly, the anti-terrorist operation) in Eastern Ukraine has triggered a 10 times increase in domestic public debt compared with the real GDP growth. The public increased to 143,2 billion UAH which was perceived as knock-on effects of inflation and 14% of GDP behind the banking crisis and the cost of its overcoming within 2014-2016. Corporate investing in domestic government loan bonds depends on the area of corporate enterprise operation. It is argued that companies with superior financial performance should invest in bonds, thus contributing to their further growth by creating a solid background for building competitiveness. High risks and low financial capacity characterize other sectors of industry, which company should wait for more information before investing in government bonds. High risks and low finance opportunities feature other industry sectors, and firms in these sectors should anticipate additional information prior to investing into the government bonds.

Удосконалення механізмів управління гарантованим державою боргом в Україні

Удосконалення механізмів управління гарантованим державою боргом в Україні

The Public Debt of Ukraine and the Budget Expenditure for Its Service

the public debt is deepened, the visions of the public debt as a phenomenon burdening the national economy, found in various schools of economics, are reviewed. It is demonstrated that the high internal and external dept in parallel with the respectively growing expenditure for its service is a pressing problem for Ukraine, calling for an urgent solution. This raises the need for seeking ways to improve the public debt management mechanisms.
 The article’s objective is to deepen the theoretical and methodological framework for assessment of the public debt in Ukraine and the budget expenditures for its service. It is demonstrated that the public debt in Ukraine results from the public budget deficit, high sovereign borrowing from internal and external sources. The econometric assessment of the time series on budget expenditures for debt service and repayment in Ukraine is given. The analysis of the public debt dynamics in Ukraine shows that not only the increasing volume of public debt and State-guarantee debt, but also the increasing budget expenditures on its service and repayment are dangerous. The high deficit of public budget is persisting, which growth is caused, inter alia, by the payment commitments. The expenditures on service and repayment of public debt constitute a large share in the public budget expenditures. Forecasting calculations made in the article demonstrate the upward tendency in the public budget expenditures on repayment and service of the public debt of Ukraine, thus signaling the growing threats to the budget security of Ukraine. The main factors for the rapidly increased debt burden in Ukraine over the latest years are identified: the considerable devaluation of domestic currency (Hryvnya), sharp drop in GDP, the shrinking internal consumer demand, etc. 
 It is demonstrated that the risk of the increasing payments for service of public debt is an essential and chronic factor generating problems in public finances and affecting the budget security of Ukraine.