Psychosomatic Approach Research Articles

Therapeutic approaches in psychosomatic medicine from a biopsychosocial perspective

Psychosomatic medicine is an interdisciplinary field of medicine that focuses on the interaction of biological, psychological, social and behavioral factors in the genesis of a disorder. A key element of the psychosomatic view is the effect of stress on the homeostatic dysregulation and the consequent emergence of symptomatology. The fields of intervention in psychosomatic medicine include health behavior modifications, a general psychosomatic approach, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Assessment strategies include the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research. Psychotherapeutic strategies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, wellbeing therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction as well as other therapeutic interventions, such as biofeedback, have several indications with regards to psychosomatic illnesses. According to various literature reports, most of these interventions have a positive effect on brain neuroplasticity and the reduction of allostatic load, often through epigenetic mechanisms. Psychotherapy has also been shown to bring on structural and functional changes to the brain through learning mechanisms and long-term potentiation (LPT). Epigenetic mechanisms may be potential targets of psychotherapeutic interventions. Psychopharmacology is also a frequently used intervention in the psychosomatic field. However, we should be aware of the fact that psychopharmacological interventions may produce adverse effects that may in turn exacerbate physical illness, and also somatic pharmacological interventions may cause psychiatric side effects. The beneficial roles of the social support network and eudaemonic well-being are also highlighted. Moreover, the recent emergence of epigenetic drugs has shown promising results in preclinical studies of idiopathic mental disorders. The goal of the biopsychosocial approach is to promote a humanitarian, holistic care and improve the health of the individual. The cornerstone of the implementation of this holistic approach is the presence of an interdisciplinary team that should collaborate with the patient in order to provide thorough information on diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of psychosomatic illness.

Somatization disorders of affective and neurotic registers during the COVID-19 pandemic (analysis of clinical cases)

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has added additional difficulties to the differential diagnostic evaluation of the status of patients with disorders of affective and neurotic registers. In such conditions, the works describing and analyzing specific clinical cases are of considerable interest. The paper describes three clinical cases of somatization mental disorders manifesting themselves during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an account of their history, somatic and mental status, psychopathological classification of the condition, and a rationale for the therapy regimen. Itching, dysuria, and hyperventilation without a somatic basis come to the fore in the clinical picture. These somatic symptoms developing in the pattern of mental disorders of the affective and neurotic registers substantially make the diagnosis, specialized care provision, and medical routing of patients difficult. An integrated psychosomatic approach to clinically evaluating psychopathological disorders that are partially realized in dermatological, urological, and pulmonological spheres, contributes to their adequate diagnosis and effective therapy.

Skin and Psychosomatics - Psychodermatology today.

SummaryModern psychodermatology relies on the bio‐psycho‐social disease model in psychosomatics, according to which biological, psychological and social factors (on various levels, from molecules to the biosphere) play a major role in the disease pathogenesis through complex, non‐linear interactions over the entire disease course. It is nowadays experimentally proven that “emotions get into the skin”. Recent research shows close anatomical, physiological and functional connections between skin and nervous system, already known to be ontogenetically related. These connections are reflected in many skin diseases where psychological and somatic etiological factors are closely intertwined. A holistic approach by the physician should do justice to this interdependence; biological, psychological and social factors should be adequately taken into account when taking anamnesis, making a diagnosis and choosing a therapy. The “visibility” of the skin organ bestows dermatology a special position among the various other clinical subjects, and renders a holistic, psychosomatic approach to the patient that is particularly important. The life course belongs also to modern psychodermatological approaches. Based on the modern psychodermatology concept, other corresponding sub‐areas such as psychogastroenterology, psychocardiology etc. have emerged. After the theoretical part of this article, some selected skin diseases are discussed in more detail from the psychosomatic point of view.

Adaptation to the New Normal—Maternal Employment in the Framework of Psychosomatic and Stress Discourse in Finland from the 1950s to the Early 1970s

Abstract This article examines how the psychosomatic approach, a holistic orientation towards health and illness, and the concept of ‘stress’ were employed in the Finnish socio-medical discussion on maternal employment during the post-war decades. The concepts of psychosomatics and stress voiced the contemporary anxieties about a changing way of life, and as the psychosocial environment was connected to morbidity, maternal employment could be seen as a medical problem. The changing value climate of the late 1960s elicited an emerging discrepancy between interpretations of medical theories and ‘modern values’, articulated in maternal employment and day care discussions. ‘Psychosomatics’ and ‘stress’ could be used as tools for victim-blaming, but also to call for changes in social conditions. The article contributes to the historical scholarship on social change by suggesting how the interaction between individual behaviour and the planning of social policies can be analysed.

Mevsimsellik Ve Dindarlık İlişkisi

Çevresiyle etkileşimi doğum öncesinden başlayan ve yaşamı boyunca devam eden insan, bu etkileşimin pozitif / negatif yönü, tonu ve şiddeti ölçüsünde psiko-sosyal, bilişsel ve duygusal dünyası şekillenen sosyal bir varlıktır. İnsanın etkileşim içerisinde bulunduğu çevre kavramı, sınırlarını kesin olarak belirlemenin mümkün olmadığı bir esnekliğe sahiptir. Bu bağlamda yaşanılan mevsimleri de çevre kavramı içerisinde değerlendirmek ve insanın psiko-sosyal dünyasını etkileme potansiyeline atıfta bulunmak mümkündür. Bu anlamda psikosomatik (beden sağlığı - ruh sağlığı etkileşimi) bir yaklaşımla insanın fizyolojik ve psikolojik sağlığını etkileme potansiyeline sahip iki kavram olarak mevsimsellik ile dindarlık ilişkisini çeşitli değişkenler açısından değerlendirme amacı taşıyan bu çalışmanın örneklem grubu Polatlı’da çeşitli yaş ve mesleklerden seçkisiz örneklem yoluyla seçilen 62 (41.89) bayan ve 86 (%58.11) erkek olmak üzere toplam 148 kişiden oluşmaktadır. “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Mevsimsellik Ölçeği” ile “Dindarlık Envanteri” kullanılarak elde edilen verilerin SPSS programında frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma; çarpıklık ve basıklık değerlerinin normal dağılım puan aralığında olması üzerine parametrik testlerden t-testi, Pearson korelasyon, Anova ve Scheffe testi anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 kabul edilerek uygulanmış ve şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Örneklemin mevsimsellik puanının orta düzeyde olduğu, dindarlık puanının ise yüksek düzeye yakın bir ortalamaya sahip olduğu; mevsimsellik ile dindarlığın duygu boyutu arasında anlamlı pozitif yönlü zayıf düzeyde ilişki bulunduğu; yaş değişkeninin mevsimsellik puanları üzerinde oluşturduğu farkın ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

ROLE OF MAHAT PANCHA GAVYA GHRITA IN DEPRESSION – A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

One of the most ancient systems of medicine-Ayurveda, developed thousands of years ago, even today continues to stun the scientific faculties all over the world by its highly evolved concepts. Psychiatry is the branch dealing with the disorders of mind and its management. Among the eight branches in Ayurveda, 'Bhutavidya’ is the Ayurvedic psychiatric branch. Ayurveda adopts a comprehensive psychosomatic approach, for the man-agement of the diseases. Ayurveda can be adopted as an effective mode of intervention in depression.

Quality of life and sexual dysfunction in gynaecological cancer patients: a psychosomatic approach.

Quality of life and sexual dysfunction in gynaecological cancer patients: a psychosomatic approach.

110 - Emerging adults – a challenge for an integrated psychosomatic approach

There has been considerable recent progress in understanding the respiratory physiology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in teleosts, but the respiratory conditions inside the GIT remain largely unknown, particularly the luminal PCO2 and PO2 levels. The GIT of seawater teleosts is of special interest due to its additional function of water absorption linked to HCO3− secretion, a process that may raise luminal PCO2 levels. Direct measurements of GIT PCO2 and PO2 using micro-optodes in the English sole (Parophrys vetulus; anaesthetized, artificially ventilated, 10–12 °C) revealed extreme luminal gas levels. Luminal PCO2 was 14–17 mmHg in the stomach and intestinal segments of fasted sole, considerably higher than arterial blood levels of 5 mmHg. Moreover, feeding, which raised intestinal HCO3− concentration, also raised luminal PCO2 to 34–50 mmHg. All these values were higher than comparable measurements in freshwater teleosts, and also greater than environmental CO2 levels of concern in aquaculture or global change scenarios. The PCO2 values in subintestinal vein blood draining the GIT of fed fish (28 mmHg) suggested some degree of equilibration with high luminal PCO2, whereas subintestinal vein PO2 levels were relatively low (9 mmHg). All luminal sections of the GIT were virtually anoxic (PO2 ≤ 0.3 mmHg), in both fasted and fed animals, a novel finding in teleosts.

Burning Mouth Syndrome—Opening the Door to a Psychosomatic Approach in the Era of Patient-Centered Medicine

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Cervico-brachial disorders in dentists. A comparison between two kinds of physiotherapeutic interventions

We have evaluated two kinds of physiotherapy treatment for dentists with occupational cervico-brachial disorders. Group A received treatment with a psychosomatic approach and individual ergonomic instruction and group B received ergonomic instruction only. A reduction of the cervico-brachial disorders after the intervention was observed in both groups. In group A there was a significant decrease of pain and discomfort in the neck (p less than 0.05), and a significant improvement was also found concerning the experience of well-being (p less than 0.05). Five weeks after the intervention the feeling of self-confidence had increased significantly in group A (p less than 0.05). Both groups of dentists experienced that their control over the work had decreased (p less than 0.01 in group A and p less than 0.05 in group B). In group B it was also found that the dentists' confidence in the future had decreased, compared with the answers given a year before.

Psychosomatic Phenomenon According to the Stages of Development

The psychosomatic term, report to the item of psychological origin of certain organic diseases, affective repercussions of the state of physical disease on the individual and studies of mind-body relationships with emphasis on the explanation of somatic pathology. The term can also be understood, as an ideology about health, falling ill and about health practices, is a field of research on these facts and, at the same time, practice. Thus, the objective of this work is to discuss, from a literature review, the psychosomatic manifestations that occur in the development phases in the context of the psychology area. The study is methodologically based on the literature review. For this work, the bibliographic search of articles indexed to the VHL Portal (Virtual Library in Saude) and in the Web of Science was carried out. The disease is often an escape from a conflict situation or appears due to the need for attention and affection, need to be cared for. The psychosomatic approach decreases treatment time, avoids unnecessary complementary tests and abbreviates the patient's suffering.

A Psychosomatic Approach to Patients with Chronic Cough and Respiratory Discomfort

A Psychosomatic Approach to Patients with Chronic Cough and Respiratory Discomfort

Unexplained ocular and visual symptoms: The need for a psychosomatic approach in Ophthalmology

Abstract Introduction Psychogenic causes for some somatic symptoms have been widely recognised. In Ophthalmology however, there are few studies that address this issue, and current Ophthalmology Training Programs do not include formal teaching in Psychosomatics. Psychosomatic phenomena in ophthalmology are probably under-diagnosed, which may reduce therapeutic effectiveness, decrease patient and physician satisfaction, and increase health costs due to multiple consultations and prescriptions. The aims of this study were to describe patients with unexplained visual/ocular symptoms (UVOS), and to estimate the prevalence of psychological distress (PD) among them. Materials and methods Consecutive adults with UVOS were recruited over a 12 month period. Complete medical history and ocular examination were performed to rule out organic disease. Psychological Distress was defined by the presence of one or more of the following criteria: psychiatric diagnosis, use of psychotropic medication, psychosomatic disease in other organs, and biographical crisis in the last 6 months. Results were compared with a control group. Results A total of 39 cases of UVOS were recruited, corresponding approximately to 3% prevalence. The large majority (74%) were female. The mean age was 41.8 years. The most common complaints were ocular surface irritation symptoms (51%) and unspecific visual disturbances (17%). At least 1 of the PD criteria was found in 100%, including 46.2% with psychiatric comorbidity, 48.7% with psychotropic medications, 64% with psychosomatic disease in other organs, and 48.7% with recent life-stressful events. PD indicators were statistically higher compared with control group (P Conclusions There was a high frequency of Psychological Distress indicators in patients with UVOS. Although the causative role of PD remains unclear, the presence of UVOS should warn the ophthalmologist of an underlying psychic conflict and to make an appropriate psychological intervention.

NEW APPROACHES TO HELPING CHILDREN AT THE CHILDREN’S CITY ADVISORY-DIAGNOSTIC CENTER

There are presented data of a comprehensive study of the health status of schoolchildren, there is given the characteristics of their physical and neuropsychic development, as well as the morbidity rate of children, with taking into account sequellae of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system. In children with chronic somatic pathology, neurological disorders and disorders of the psychoemotional sphere were established to be often detected. This determines the need for a comprehensive neuro- and psychosomatic approach to their treatment and rehabilitation. One of the forms of personification of medical and social assistance for such children was shown to be a modular approach allowing form complex programs consisted of these modules for correction of various health disorders. The use of these modules has prospects, as it optimizes the activity of consulting and diagnostic centers.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЕЙ МАТЕРИНСКОГО ОТНОШЕНИЯ И МЕЛКОЙ МОТОРИКИ ЧАСТО БОЛЕЮЩИХ ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА

Problem and purpose. In the world the interest in the issues of proper development of frequently-ill children is steadily growing because statistic data sources point at a constant increase in the number of somatic illnesses among children, including the children of babyhood and preschool age. There is an urgent necessity to look for the determinants of the parents’ attitude that designates the development of a frail child. The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of interrelations among various types of motherly attitude to sickly children and the development of fine motor skills in frequently-ill children of babyhood and preschool age. The methodology of the research is based on the activity approach (M.Ya. Basov, S.L. Rubinstein, A.N. Leontyev) and psychosomatic approach that presupposes the research of psychic and somatic interrelations, which are connected with micro and macro-social environment of a human being (M. Yacobi, F. Alexander, F. Danbar). Methods. The methods of the research consist in the analysis of empiric data, the analysis of medical charts of the children to assess their health condition. In order to diagnose the attitude of the parents to their child, a check-list suggested by A.Ya. Varga and V.V. Stolin was used. Specific features of fine motor skills formation were assessed using the methods developed by N.O. Ozeretskiy and N.I. Gurevich. Statistical processing of data was performed making use of U-criterion by Mann – Wittney and correlation coefficient by Spirman. 24 children of two -three years of age, as well as their mothers, participated in the experiment. 12 children were healthy and 12 – sickly. Results. The prevalence in motherly attitude of “symbiosis” and authoritarian “hypersocialization” towards a frequently-ill child was revealed. In this case the parent feels as if she is an integral whole with her child and is eager to control all the sphere of the child’s activity. It was discovered that the indices of fine motor skills of a healthy child were equal to those of a frequently-ill child when they fulfill the following assignments: “Copy the position of the other arm”. “Perform the given motor repertoire”. “Position correctly your postural pose in space”. However, in the group of frequently-ill children a decrease of correctness in performing the tasks: “Switch over to the next pose”. “Copy this pose” was observed. Making use of motherly attitude of “cooperation” in the family with healthy children exerts positive influence on the development of fine motor skills, and in a group of frequently-ill children resorting to motherly attitude of “a little lame duck” negatively affects the development of their fine motor skills. Conclusion. Implementation of partnership relations with children, encouraging their independence positively influences the development of fine motor skills in healthy children of two – three years of age. And as for frequently-ill children, among them difficulties in the development of fine motor skills can be observed in cases of their infantilization, the absence of trust in them, the presence of the idea of their awkwardness and unsuccessfulness.

Necessity of psychosomatic approach to the diabetic treatment

Necessity of psychosomatic approach to the diabetic treatment

Psychosomatic pain correction in patients with discogenic dorsopathies

The article discusses the psychosomatic approach to the treatment of pain syndromes in patients with discogenic dorsopathy, based on the combined use of kinesitherapy and psychological correction of anxious depression using transcranial exposure using neuroacoustic stimulation on individually rhythms and meso-encephalic modulation using magnetically and photostimulation. It was established that the treatment of pain syndromes in patients with discogenic dorsopathy based on the proposed method reduces the subjective assessment of pain on the VAS scale by almost 30 % and the level of depression by 20 % in the A. Beck psychometric table compared to the control group.

Depression, Demoralization and Distress in oncology: A psychosomatic approach

Depression, Demoralization and Distress in oncology: A psychosomatic approach

A abordagem psicossomática na medicina geral e familiar: estudo transversal

Aim: To establish how the Portuguese general and family specialists perceive and integrate the psychosomatic perspective in their practice. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Portuguese general and family practitioners. Method: Providers answered a self-reported survey from August to November of 2013. Self-reported data collected from 100 Portuguese general and family medicine doctors. Participants are between 26 and 70 years old, 77% female and 23% male. Results: A hundred doctors participated in the survey (77% females) with age from 26 to 77 years old. Professionals use the psychosomatic approach in their clinical practice and they agree with the definition of psychosomatic provided. Conclusions: We find indicators towards the relevance and need for greater information and guidance of general practice physicians.

Psychosomatic Approach in Home Health Care

Psychosomatic Approach in Home Health Care