Psychophysiological Characteristics Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of Academic, Behavioral, and Psychophysiological Variables in Male and Female Vocational Training Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not there are notable differences between male and female vocational training students in terms of academic, behavioral, and psychophysiological characteristics. A total of 411 vocational training students, 210 of whom were male and 201 of whom were female, participated in an online survey that assessed academic, behavioral, and psychophysiological patterns. In terms of extraversion and openness to experience, our research revealed that no statistically significant differences were noticed. When it came to agreeableness, however, significant differences were seen, with female students getting higher marks than male students. Furthermore, we found that there were significant gender differences in terms of neuroticism and conscientiousness, with female students achieving higher scores than male students. When compared to their male counterparts, females displayed higher performance in terms of academic success. They also demonstrated superior values in terms of reported stress, anxiety, and cognitive inflexibility. The findings of this study provide a more in-depth understanding of the numerous factors that have an impact on students engaging in vocational training. This will serve as a foundation for the development of individualized instructional and support programs.

Features of sensorimotor response of students with different types of attitude to the disease: a cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION. One of the key psychophysiological features of a subject who has lost his health is sensorimotor response, reflecting the features of neuroplasticity, and allowing us to understand how much a person is able to adapt to the changed living conditions that the disease inevitably imposes. In turn, achieving the desired result of rehabilitation will become more effective if, when building rehabilitation measures, it is taken into account how a person with certain health problems treats his changed condition, that is, to determine the type of attitude to the disease of a participant in rehabilitation measures. AIM. To study the features of simple and complex sensorimotor reactions in boys and girls with different types of attitudes to the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS. 160 subjects (average age — 21 ± 2.3 years) of both sexes were examined. The main criterion for the sample formation was the different level of health of the study participants. Respondents with 2 and 3 health groups were selected. The diagnosis of the types of attitude to the disease was carried out using the “Type of attitude to the disease” technique. The fixation of the sensorimotor response was performed using the Rebus computer technique, which allows recording a simple and complex sensorimotor reaction. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. It was revealed that harmonious (25 %), anosognosic (10.6 %) and ergopathic (20.6 %) types of attitude to the disease predominate in the group of subjects. Shown: 1) subjects with anosognosic type have the highest accuracy of a simple sensorimotor reaction (−0.12 ± 0.12), compared with the other two identified types of attitude to the disease (p 0.05); 2) subjects with anosognosic type have the lowest values of the average execution time of a complex sensorimotor reaction (361.51 ± 31.14), compared with subjects with a harmonious (386.19 ± 32.18) and ergopathic (396.50 ± 50.05) type of attitude to the disease; 3) the quality (R = 0.299, R2 = 0.090 at p = 0.020) and accuracy (R = 0.293, R2 = 0.086 at p = 0.023) of a simple sensorimotor reaction affect the type of attitude to the disease. CONCLUSION. In subjects with different types of attitude to the disease, the features of sensorimotor response differ from each other. The most effective sensorimotor reactions are performed by subjects with an anosognosic type of attitude to the disease. The type of attitude to the disease and the parameters of sensorimotor response, such as the quality and accuracy of a simple sensorimotor reaction are related to each other.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE LEARNING ACTIVITIES OF PUPILS WITH DIFFERENT LATERALISATION OF THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE LEARNING ACTIVITIES OF PUPILS WITH DIFFERENT LATERALISATION OF THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES

Significance of the order of pair‐wise comparisons in Analytic Hierarchy Process: an experimental study

AbstractThe article describes an approach, ensuring higher credibility of expert estimation results, based on specific order of pair‐wise comparisons. The order of pair‐wise comparisons is, in its turn, based on the distance between estimated objects in the ranking. According to the suggested approach (and some human psychophysiological features), the most ordinally distant objects should be compared before ordinally closer ones. In order to empirically confirm this assumption, a special experiment involving real experts has been conducted. The results of the experiment indicate that if objects are presented to the expert for comparison in the suggested order, then in the majority of cases relative weights of objects, obtained using eigenvector method, most adequately reflect this expert's priorities. Moreover, pair‐wise comparison matrices constructed using the suggested comparison order tend to be slightly more consistent. The suggested approach to re‐ordering of pair‐wise comparisons can be applied as part of the AHP algorithm in weakly structured subject domains, influenced by multiple intangible criteria. It also provides conceptual basis for reduction of the number of pair‐wise comparisons, required to obtain credible results, in AHP without loss or distortion of expert data. It can also be used for modification of combinatorial pair‐wise comparison aggregation method, based on spanning tree enumeration. And, finally, it will improve the overall multi‐criteria decision‐making process in diverse subject domains, characterized by high uncertainty levels.

Психофизиологические особенности молодых людей с признаками интернет-зависимости

<p>The purpose of this work is to study the psychophysiological features and characteristics of the activity of the central nervous system in young people with signs of Internet addiction. Young people were investigated, students of grades 10-11 of Tyumen gymnasiums, as well as students of 1-3 courses of Tyumen State University were studied. Internet addiction was determined by the Chen test, the average screen time spent online using mobile gadgets was recorded, the level of anxiety was determined when modeling the symptom of network access cancellation. Cognitive plasticity was determined by the Stroop method. The properties of the central nervous system were studied using a Symbol Cancellation Test (Landolt rings), the critical frequency of the fusion of flickers, the time of simple and complex visual-motor reactions were measured. The following results were found: in gymnasium students with signs of Internet addiction, significant cognitive rigidity was recorded in congruent (1.19 ± 0.05 s per solution; p<0.01 with control) and non-congruent (1.49 ± 0.08 s per solution; p<0.001 with control) Scab samples, respectively. In the group with Internet addiction, low reliability of work on the Landolt test was also noted (Kp 16.24 ± 2.09%; p <0.001 with control), low accuracy of work (At 0.76 ± 0.03 units; p <0.001 with control) and more inert indicators of complex visual-motor reaction (436.66 ± 14.52 ms; p<0.001 with control).The most pronounced negative characteristics associated with low reliability of information processing, low endurance and ability to differentiate in the central nervous system, as well as reduced selective perception of information were noted in the group of gymnasium students and, in part, in the risk groups of gymnasium students and students.</p>

KİÇİKYAŞLI MƏKTƏBLİLƏRİN İDRAK FƏALLIĞININ PSİXOFİZİOLOJİ CƏHƏTLƏRİ

Psychophysiological Characteristics of Identifying Activity of Younger Schoolchildren Summary Studies have shown that children of younger school age learn very complex mental skills and norms of behavior with amazing ease. Junior school age is a period of emotions, accumulation of knowledge, mainly assimilation. Junior school age is a period of gathering, memorizing and assimilating knowledge. Imitation is the source of success in the education of a young schoolboy. Students repeat the judgments of the teacher, give examples similar to those of their friends, etc. Although from the outside it may seem like copying, in fact it helps the child to learn the learning material. But at the same time, it can lead to superficial assimilation of those or other events. It is not typical for children of this age to think about any difficulties and complexities. The direction of the young schoolboy's personality is expressed by his needs and motives. There is still a high demand for game activity, but the content of the game is changing. now, while playing, he writes, solves problems, reads, draws, reads for ten hours. All this is important to consider when organizing training activities. Key words: younger schoolboy, intersubject integration, cognitive activity, psychophysiological features, assimilation, adaptation

Forensic characteristics of the victim in the investigation of malicious failure to fulfill duties of care for a child or a person for whom guardianship or care is established

The aim of the work is a forensic analysis of socio-demographic, psycho-physiological and criminal-legal characteristics of persons who have become victims of malicious failure to fulfill their duties to care for a child or a person for whom guardianship or guardianship has been established.
 The methodological basis of the study is the scientific works of forensic scientists who investigated the identity of the victim, the materials of the investigation of criminal proceedings of the specified category, the analysis of the questionnaires of the National Police employees who took a direct part in the investigation of the malicious failure to fulfill the duties of caring for a child or a person for whom guardianship has been established or care.
 It has been established that the growth of crime, which changes in accordance with socio- economic changes in the state, prompts the search for new forms and methods of crime investigation. One of these directions is the creation of a forensic classification of persons in such a way that, using information about their typical characteristics, it would be possible to solve the general tasks of detecting and investigating criminal offenses.
 It has been established that the increase in the number of specified crimes, which changes in accordance with socio-economic changes in the state, prompts the search for new forms and methods of crime investigation. One of these directions is the creation of a forensic classification of persons in such a way that, with the help of information about their typical features, it is possible to solve the tasks of crime detection and investigation.
 It is emphasized that criminal law features do not play a special role in characterizing a person who is a victim of malicious neglect of child care duties or a person for whom guardianship or guardianship has been established, since the vast majority of victims of crimes of the specified category are minors persons At the same time, the psychophysiological characteristics of the victims should not be ignored, since it is the psychological characteristics, the way of spending free time, etc. that determine the way the crime was committed, the situation and conditions, and are closely related to other elements of forensic characteristics.
 Conclusions. It has been established that there are many ways in which malicious failure to fulfill the duty of care of a child or a person in respect of whom guardianship or guardianship has been established can be committed. Instead, the way the crime was committed depends on a number of factors, including the level of education, intellectual development and other data about the victim. On the basis of the analysis of criminal proceedings, the most typical socio-demographic, psychophysiological and criminal-legal characteristics of the victim were established.

Психофизиологические особенности студентов с разным уровнем риска интернет-зависимого поведения

Internet addiction is a behavioral problem that is rapidly growing increasingly widespread, especially among higher education students. This study aimed to profile psychophysiological characteristics of students at different levels of risk of developing behavior-modifying internet addiction. We invited 261 students and established their levels of internet addiction using the Chen Internet Addiction Scale, then formed two groups: group 1 — students showing no signs of internet addiction; group 2 — students prone to internet addiction. Students' mental and social health and quality of life were assessed. Compared to the participants from group 1, group 2 students were found to exhibit 1.7 times more intense compulsive symptoms, 1.5-fold stronger withdrawal and tolerance symptoms, and had intrapersonal/health issues and time management problems that were 1.3 and 1.4-fold more grave, respectively; all these factors contributed to their predisposition to internet addiction. The risk of internet addiction in group 2 externalized as greater irritability (1.5-fold higher than in group 1), resentment (1.4-fold higher), feelings of guilt and hostility (1.3-fold more intense), verbal aggression (1.2-fold), stress (1.3-fold), anxiety and negative emotional experiences (1.2-fold), and 1.2 times lower quality of life in terms of its psychological component. The resulting data suggest the need for prevention measures designed to reduce the risk of internet addiction through management of negative emotional states in students with the help of socio-psychological inventory.

Methodology for Determining the Parameters of a Mathematical Model of the Dynamics of the Psychophysiological State of a Metallurgical Equipment Operator

Introduction. Mathematical modelling is effective in the analysis of industrial safety at metallurgical plants, in particular for tracking problems of the man — machine system. To introduce the time factor, recurrence relations (in a discrete model) and differential relations (in a continuous model) are used. However, it is also necessary to solve the problem of linking the model parameters to the real conditions of the production environment and to the human factor.The aim of this study is to create a method for determining the parameters of simulation mathematical models of the dynamics of the operator’s psychophysiological indicators affecting the work.Materials and Methods. The operator’s psychophysiological state (PPS) was assessed by performance, fatigue levels, and error rate. The data were collected by the Digital Correction Task (DCT) test. Based on the obtained results, the experimental values of the operator’s PPS indicators, which were reduced to the normalized scale [0, 1], were calculated. These indicators for a particular respondent, the mathematical model and the developed algorithm were used to determine the numerical values of the model parameters. In order to interpret the indicators of performance, fatigue and error rate, we introduced scales with five gradations.Results. The use of the authors’ modified version of the mathematical model showed a significant improvement in its prognostic properties. Out of 10 participants the best result was shown by respondent no. 7, the worst result was shown by respondent no. 8. During the first working hour (from 9.00 to 10.00) their performance increased almost equally, from 0.5–0.55 to almost 0.6. Then the score of respondent no. 7 increased and remained well above the “good” level until the end of the day. The score of respondent no. 8 dropped and was below average from 14.00 to 15.00. The difference was largely determined by the operators’ chronotypes. Their chronophysiological characteristics also affected fatigue and error rate. The model’s quality varied for different participants in the experiments. In one case it was excellent (mean relative error ≤5%), in three cases it was good (≤10%) and in four it was satisfactory (≤15%).Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed approach allows us to obtain the dynamic profiles of psychophysiological characteristics for every individual, to assess their interrelationships and to perform a prediction on the basis of a modified mathematical model. However, in order to extend the functionality of the models to the real working conditions of the metallurgical plant operator, it is necessary to increase the sample size, reduce the discrete time step and conduct studies for different working conditions, considering technological, climatic, environmental, psychological and other factors.

Modern Ways of Educating Parents of Children with Adhd

The relevance of the study is substantiated by the lack of modern programs of psychological and pedagogical education of parents of children with ADHD, taking into account the psychological characteristics and expectations of modern parents, against the backdrop of a growing number of children with these developmental characteristics who experience significant difficulties in the educational process. The main goal set by the authors is to identify effective modern methods of psychological education of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, applicable in the context of inclusive education. Methodology. In the course of the study, an analysis of current domestic and foreign scientific publications and scientific and methodological sources was carried out, the method of expert assessments was applied (a survey of specialists of the psychological and pedagogical support service of inclusive schools of the Novosibirsk region and employees of the Regional Center for Diagnostics and Counseling) and a method of studying pedagogical experience (an analysis of programs that are laureates of the “All-Russian competition of the best Psychological and pedagogical programs and technologies in the educational environment” 2021 and 2022 using the methodology of the evidence-based approach). Results. Theoretical analysis and a survey of experts confirmed the relevance of the problem of psychological and pedagogical education of parents, without whose active and competent participation in the organization of educational activities of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity, the efforts of specialists in psychological support of this specific group of children do not give the necessary effect. In addition, difficulties in organizing work with parents are identified and described, and it is shown that specialists face problems when choosing effective methods of education that take into account such features of modern parents as lack of time, orientation to digital sources of information, the need for active dialog interaction with specialists and visual provision of necessary information. It is confirmed that specialists of inclusive educational organizations need additional knowledge about the psychological characteristics of children with ADHD and their parents and in program and methodological materials with proven effectiveness. The results of the analysis of the programs-winners of the All-Russian competition led to conclusions about a clear shortage of program and methodological materials on psychological education of parents of children with ADHD, taking into account, among other things, the psychophysiological characteristics of parents of this group of children. It is shown that so far not all the award-winning programs provided in the register of the best psychological and pedagogical programs of the Federation of Educational Psychologists of the Russian Federation fully meet the criteria of practice with empirically proven effectiveness (evidence-based approach).

Modelling and Measuring Trust in Human–Robot Collaboration

Recognizing trust as a pivotal element for success within Human–Robot Collaboration (HRC) environments, this article examines its nature, exploring the different dimensions of trust, analysing the factors affecting each of them, and proposing alternatives for trust measurement. To do so, we designed an experimental procedure involving 50 participants interacting with a modified ‘Inspector game’ while we monitored their brain, electrodermal, respiratory, and ocular activities. This procedure allowed us to map dispositional (static individual baseline) and learned (dynamic, based on prior interactions) dimensions of trust, considering both demographic and psychophysiological aspects. Our findings challenge traditional assumptions regarding the dispositional dimension of trust and establish clear evidence that the first interactions are critical for the trust-building process and the temporal evolution of trust. By identifying more significant psychophysiological features for trust detection and underscoring the importance of individualized trust assessment, this research contributes to understanding the nature of trust in HRC. Such insights are crucial for enabling more seamless human–robot interaction in collaborative environments.

Peculiarities of the formation and application of the institute of diversion (diverting) of children from criminal justice in the Kyrgyz Republic

Ensuring the rights and interests of juveniles involved in criminal activities is one of the priority tasks of the criminal justice system, but deprivation of liberty continues to be the most common punishment for children. The purpose of the study presented in this article is to determine the specifics of diversion (diverting) of juveniles from criminal justice and to consider the peculiarities of this legal institution in the justice system of the Kyrgyz Republic. The research employed both general scientific and specific legal methodologies, including logical-semantic, dialectical, abstract-logical, system-functional, historical, system-structural, comparative legal, and information legal methods. The study included consideration of the concept of diversion (diverting) of children from criminal justice, its difference from similar institutions (probation). The factors that determine the need for the earliest possible diversion (diverting) of a child from criminal justice, due to his or her age-related psychophysiological characteristics, were identified. International standards in the field of protecting children, particularly those related to the practice of diverting children from the criminal justice system, are considered. The main aspects of implementing international law on diversion of children within Kyrgyzstanʼs legal framework are identified and analyzed, alongside an examination of relevant provisions in national legislation. Drawing from the experiences of countries like Poland and Georgia, which have successfully implemented this legal mechanism, areas for potential improvement in the regulatory framework are identified. These include defining characteristics of the diversion process such as applicable stages, eligible offenses and age criteria for offenders, as well as the integration of mediation alongside diversion practices. Based on the results of the study, amendments to the national legislation of Kyrgyzstan are proposed, which can be used in the process of drafting bills to improve national legislation on juvenile justice and justice for

Дослідження взаємозв’язків між психофізіологічними здібностями та спритністю каратистів-новачків

Purpose: to determine the correlation between psychophysiological abilities and agility in novice karate practitioners. Material and methods. In this study, the following research methods were employed: theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation; pedagogical research; psychophysiological measurements and mathematical-statistical research methods. The study involved 20 athletes (14 males, 6 females) with an average age of 10,8±1,1 years (Mean±SD) who practiced karate. To assess agility, participants were required to perform a special relay race. The relay race, with a length of 15 meters, included the following exercises: ball translation, jumping, crawling, and running. To determine the speed component, athletes were instructed to run the distance of the relay race. Psychophysiological characteristics were assessed using tests such as reaction to a moving object, choice reaction, short-term visual memory, and the tapping test (duration 1 minute). Results: according to the results of cluster analysis, it is noted that classes were formed based on the age of the athletes. Thus, younger karate practitioners (9-10 years old), including participants 6, 7, 1, 9, belonged to the first class, while older karate practitioners (12 years old), including participants 17, 19, 20, 14, 18, primarily comprised the second class. The third class mainly included karate practitioners aged 10-11. Correlation analysis of the obtained data, specifically determining the relationships between agility and psychophysiological indicators, indicates statistically significant connections. Notably, there are correlations between relay race results and tapping test results at 5s (r=0,69), 10 s (r=0,55), 1 min (r=0,69). There are also correlations regarding choice reaction at the 2nd (r=0,65), 3rd (r=0,51), 4th (r=0,58) stages and overall test (r=0,60). A statistically significant correlation between the age of athletes and results, practically demonstrated in all tests (on average r=0,67), is also observed. The presence of these correlations can be explained by the fact that agility is a complex quality influenced by various factors such as age, neural process mobility, intermuscular coordination, reaction time, and others. The results of 11-12-year-old athletes surpass those of 9-10-year-olds in all tests. Statistically significant differences (p<0,05) were recorded in tests such as running, relay race, tapping test (5 s, 1 min), short-term visual memory coefficient, and choice reaction. A comparison of the results of the investigated groups of karate practitioners indicates that statistically significant improvement in short-term visual memory and choice reaction is the result not only of an increase in the athletes' age but also the influence of specific training tasks on the functional state of the athletes. Conclusions. Agility, based on motor reactions and spatial-temporal anticipations, underlies the activities of martial artists in unpredictable and rapidly changing situations. The study results indicate that psychophysiological parameters and agility performance are age-dependent, with older athletes demonstrating statistically better results in various agility tests. The significant improvement in short-term visual memory and choice reaction in 11-12-year-old karate practitioners is attributed not only to their age but also to the influence of specific training tasks incorporating martial arts elements. Keywords: sensorimotor skills, psychophysiology, coordination, agility, novice, karate, study.

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ ДЕТЕЙ

Socio-pedagogical problems of ensuring safety and healthy lifestyle of children are considered. The views of individual scientists on the age peculiarities of children are described. Modern statistics of emergency situations in Russia, positive experience of pedagogical aspects in research activities and normative legal acts in the field of child safety are presented. Domestic risks of death and injury of chil-dren and some problematic components of safety of the younger generation are shown, confirming the importance of forming a culture of safe behaviour of children. The attention of citizens, society and the state in modern conditions, in connection with emerging threats to reality, is particularly focused on the issues of children's safety. The author considers the peculiarities of the educational process with the par-ticipation of the parental community, mentors and involvement of mass media. The problem in communi-cation processes between children in social networks and messengers, which often lead to certain inter-personal conflicts, is described separately. Some concepts of the model of forming a safe environment for children, taking into account their physical and psycho-physiological characteristics, and involving troubled teenagers in social activities are proposed. Sports influence is reflected as an important point. The importance of interaction between the services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the Min-istry of Emergency Situations of Russia, providing security of citizens and the state is emphasised.

Психологические профессионально важные качества операторов беспилотных летательных аппаратов

The work analyzes the current state of affairs in the field of selection of unmanned aerial vehicle operators. Subject of research: psychophysiological characteristics of UAV operators. Purpose of the study: to identify significant professionally important psychological qualities of UAV operators; assessment of the influence of these qualities on the effectiveness of professional activities. The study consisted of three parts: studying the characteristics of operators’ activities and technical documentation; organizing and conducting research using a psychographic questionnaire; conducting research using a battery of tests. The study involved 47 men aged 20 to 36 years old. The lag of this industry in the Russian Federation and the need for its development and research are shown. Further, significant psychological professionally important qualities of UAV operators were identified. These include responsibility, attention span, emotional stability, spatial orientation, balance of excitation and inhibition processes, reaction speed, long-term memory, volitional qualities, speed of thought processes, internal locus of control, orientation to achieving success, high level of attention distribution. A method of professional psychological selection was also presented and tested, which included the following battery of tests: Red-black tables, Amthauer test, Landolt rings, Clocks, Compasses, multifactor personality questionnaire "Adaptivity", Aizen test adapted by Shmelev A.G., scale Spielberger's anxiety in the adaptation of Khanin Yu.L., ANNETTE. Thus, based on the conducted research, proposals for professional psychological selection were formed, and significant psychological professionally important qualities of UAV operators were identified. An analysis of the current situation in the development of a scientific problem was also carried out, based on which several proposals were made for further research. The results of the study can be used in organizing professional psychological selection.

Peculiarities of training educators for the formation of spatial orientations of young children

The article examines the essence of the concept of "spatial orientation" and its components; features of the formation of spatial orientations in young children. The results of research on the preparation of educators for the formation of elementary mathematical concepts of early and preschool children in the educational process of a preschool education institution have been analyzed. It was noted that the modern system of preschool education needs a highly qualified teacher capable of effectively shaping the spatial orientation of young children in the educational process of a preschool education institution, taking into account the extreme importance of spatial concepts for the development of a child. The basis of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the professional training of the future teacher for the formation of spatial ideas of early and preschool children is defined, the content of the teacher's training for the formation of spatial orientations of young children is outlined, which involves students' assimilation of the characteristics of the «space» category, knowledge of the psychophysiological characteristics of the development of young children; assimilation of psychological features of the formation of spatial orientations by young children; mastering the psychological, pedagogical and methodical tools for the formation of spatial orientations of young children in various activities.

Sustainable urban development: Environmental improvement of Moscow

The article deals with the ecological situation of Moscow on the example of Zamoskvorechye. The neighbourhood includes an island, the official name of which has not been established so far. Reconstruction of the median Sadovnicheskaya Street with the formation of new green spaces and public and cultural spaces is proposed. The psychophysiological features of human perception and related psycho-emotional states that determine the influx of citizens into the reconstructed zones have been taken into account. Models of comfortable and safe space for people in the centre of Moscow are proposed.

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE OF INCLUSIVE HARMONIZATION OF THE INTERIOR SPACE OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS

This study examines the theoretical and practical experience of inclusive harmonization of the internal space of public buildings. In the process of identifying the features of internal space harmonization, a number of key aspects of the importance of color contrast were determined (definition of contours and shapes, orientation and navigation, identification of objects, security). It has been analyzed and determined that color contrast improves accessibility and perception of the environment for visually impaired people, making information more accessible and enabling more effective interaction with the surrounding world. The authors analyzed the practical experience of designing the interior space of public buildings and identified their features. 
 The research method revealed that taking into account the psychophysiological characteristics of users is a key element in the process of choosing a color palette. Designing inclusive spaces requires careful study and understanding of the needs of people with different physical and mental characteristics. Shades of color can affect our emotional state and physical well-being, so it is important to create spaces that support diversity and take into account the needs of all users.
 The work highlights issues of ergonomics and safety in the context of color harmonization. It is important not only to create an aesthetically pleasing space, but also to ensure its safety and convenience for everyone. Color solutions can be used to mark traffic paths, highlight dangerous zones, and also to improve readability and recognition of objects in space.
 On the basis of the work carried out, it was determined that the research and further identification of inclusive methods of color harmonization of the interior space of public buildings with the definition of clear parameters of contrast becomes an actual direction of the development of this work. Understanding the importance of inclusive color harmony is the key to building a modern society that respects and supports all its members.

Psychophysiological components of the activities of operators of nuclear power plants as a factor of accidents in the conditions of the threat of social catastrophe

The purpose of the study is to establish the peculiarities of operator’s work and the leading factors of the formation of its psychophysiological tension at nuclear power plants in the conditions of the threat of social catastrophe in connection with military operations. The study was conducted at the Zaporizhzhya and Khmelnytsky nuclear power plants for the period of 2020-2021. To study the dynamics of the psychophysiological state of operators of nuclear power plants, a verbal-communicative diagnostic method was used to collect information about the operators investigated using Google Form and traditional physiological, psychological and psychophysiological methods. The socio-demographic features of the investigated operators of the block control panel were analyzed. It was established that men only (100%) aged 24-49 and with work experience from 4 to 20 years were among the examined. All surveyed operators (41 people) are residents of the city, with completed higher education and are family members. The methods of psychological (reactive anxiety, mood, activity, mood, attention), physiological (cardiography, blood pressure) and psychophysiological (simple sensorimotor and psychophysical) research methods were used to empirically assess the intensity of activity of the operators of the block control panel of nuclear power plants. There were examined operators, while on duty when control errors and pre-accident situations were recorded. It was established that the psychological, physiological and psychophysiological characteristics of these operators are followed by increased reactive anxiety, decreased indicators of well-being, activity, mood, reduction in functional reserves of the cardiorespiratory system, mental and physical capacity. These indicators are considered as criteria for the development of regulatory measures. It is proposed to take into account not only technological factors, but also the psychophysiological features of operators in the dynamics of their manifestation when developing measures for the optimal selection and personnel placement. The complex of methods for researching the functional state of operators can be used to optimize their professional selection and retraining, which can lead to reducing accidents and costs for professional training. The expected effect is an increase in the efficiency and quality of operator’s activity, the productivity and reliability of the performance of production tasks, an increase in professional longevity, a decrease in rate and occupationally-related morbidity of these specialists.

The influence of psychophysiological characteristics of students on the learning process in a distance format (based on student self-observation)

The problem of distance learning (DL) has become highly relevant since the pandemic period of coronavirus infection, when all higher educational institutions switched to this type of learning. The introduction of this technology entailed changes in the organization of the learning process, the development of methodological materials by the teacher, which the student can use both in full-time and distance format. The article presents an example of organization of independent research work of bachelors, studying in the field of training 44.03.05 ‟Pedagogical education (with two profiles)” on the assessment of adaptation reserves of the body depending on the relationship to distance learning of 1st year students, studying from March to June 2020. The example of the organization of independent work presented in this article can be described as a student project, allowing to solve the problems of expanding and consolidating knowledge, and developing skills of self-organization, development of skills of independent theoretical, practical and educational-research activities in distance learning. The results of students' independent research work showed that distance learning affects the mental state and functional characteristics of the cardiovascular system, which confirms the need to consider the individual psychophysiological characteristics of students in the introduction of new educational standards.