Industrial Psychology Research Articles

Capitalism and the Depression

The promising project of proving the influence of capitalism as a cause of depressive disorders, including suicide, will be morally, legally and politically compromised if it is not theoretically and methodologically carried out at the level of the possibilities of modern science in the field of psychiatry, (industrial) psychology and philosophy of existence. Pre-industrial society was based on the passive possession of land, industrial society on the active exploitation of capital. Modern professional society is based on human intellectual capital, which is created by the affinity, talent and education of the individual. The basis of capitalism is a class society, and this socio-economic formation is a "terminal patient" also according to this line, since the class structure has been replaced by a "professional society" and in this way capitalism is losing ground under its feet. In developed countries, already half of the GDP refers to the part of the social fabric that, in addition to capitalism, is occupied by the professional society. The biggest shortcoming of scientists dealing with the connections between capitalism and depression, including suicide, is that they have not yet recognized it. In a professional society, "capitalists" by profession should also be "entrepreneurs" in a vertical business hierarchy with appropriate competencies (attitudes, knowledge, skills), but not members of the ruling class horizontally! The main theoretical-methodological problem for any empirical scientific research is to define the variables in a way that enables operational procedures of the given study, including measurements.

Designing key performance indicators (KPIs) for decent work in the pharmaceutical supply chain of Iran

While decent work has emerged as the central theme of the psychology of work theory and a global concept and directive for promoting social, political, and economic justice, it has garnered increasing scientific and political attention in the past two decades. However, until now, no defined measurement scale for the pharmaceutical supply chain exists. The present study aims to design and validate key performance indicators (KPIs) for 'decent work' in the pharmaceutical industry supply chain of Iran, using the Decent Work Daffi Scale (2017) as a reliable framework with five sub-scales and 15 items, tested and validated. For the validation of the Decent Work Scale, a quantitative survey study was conducted among selected pharmaceutical industry experts with a sample size of 228 individuals in the year 2023. The current study adopted an exploratory factor analysis approach using SPSS software and a confirmatory factor analysis through AMOS version 24 software. In this context, the factor structure, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were examined. The results showed that the five-factor structure outperforms the one-factor model with evidence supporting the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the five-factor scale. Thus, the measurement of decent work in the pharmaceutical industry of Iran comprises five sub-scales: occupational safety conditions, access to healthcare, adequate remuneration, Free time and rest, and alignment of organizational values with family and societal values. This scale can serve as a useful tool for industrial and organizational psychology research, as well as for studies on the sustainability of social supply chains.

“Pará Music” and Terruá Pará: regional identity, cultural industry and mass psychology

Resumo Desde a consolidação de emissoras de rádio e TV no Pará, a mídia local propaga a ideia de uma “música paraense”, título utilizado com frequência em uma série de eventos recentemente produzidos dentro e fora do estado. Ao contestar essa singularização, a presente pesquisa apresenta uma análise psicossociológica dos mecanismos que operam na inter-relação entre indústria cultural e formação de massas, utilizando como objeto privilegiado de estudo o espetáculo Terruá Pará. Visando tal intento, além do recurso à revisão bibliográfica, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental sobre parte do material impresso produzido para a terceira edição do festival. Em termos conclusivos, defende-se que o Terruá Pará, embora pautado por um discurso pretensamente racional em prol da valorização da música regional, torna-se dialeticamente promotor de irracionalidades expressas na sugestão de modos de subjetivação específicos que, desconsiderando diversidades, acabam por reduzir o seu público consumidor à qualidade de multidão abstrata.

Role of data mining under e-commerce environment in understanding consumer psychology and customer relationship management

Role of data mining under e-commerce environment in understanding consumer psychology and customer relationship management

Employee Psychological Resources as a Microfoundation for Organizational Knowledge Creation Across Cultures: A Yin–Yang Dialectical Systems View

In the new normal, characterized by intensifying digitalization and cross-cultural conflicts, organizational knowledge creation (KC) for the purpose of innovation necessitates better orchestration of stakeholders with culturally distinct beliefs and polychronic working patterns. This implies an imperative to address organizational KC from a microangle that can help decipher profound cultural codes in human mental programming. Thus, this research departs from a Yin–Yang dialectical system view that can interpret cross-cultural cognitive paradoxes and uses a microfoundational approach to explore how employees’ psychological capital (PsyCap) affects the KC capability and moderating effects of social capital-enhancing HR configuration on the above mechanisms. Using cross-border e-business models as the setting, the results of this article show an inverse U-shaped relationship between hope/optimism/self-efficacy and KC and a positive association between resilience and KC. Moreover, we found that social capital-enhancing HR configuration may intervene in these relationships. Our study adopts a Yin–Yang dialectical system framework to theoretically decode how different components of PsyCap act as a microfoundation to co-engineer KC processes with culturally diverse stakeholders, enriching the positive psychology and knowledge management literature. The results offer implications for orchestrating the intertwining streams of polychronic KC among multinationals in turbulent times.

Industrial workers and bullying: a systematic review and meta-analysis of workplace violence.

Workplace violence is a significant problem in industry, especially among rank-and-file workers, known as "blue-collar workers". This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the suitability of the reduced Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ-R) as an instrument to measure workplace violence in this type of population and synthesize the results of studies that have used it in different industrial sectors. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. Publications describing populations of industrial workers were identified and included in the meta-analysis. For meta-analysis, we extracted data that allowed us to estimate the effect size of the included studies. We used a random-effects model to estimate the overall effect size and assessed heterogeneity between studies using the I² statistic. The global effect size test showed that the overall effect size was significantly different from zero (3.00, t=22.28, p<0.001), indicating an overall effect in relation to workplace violence measured by the NAQ-R in industrial workers. Our results support the claim that the NAQ-R is an effective tool for assessing workplace violence among industrial workers. These findings have important implications for practitioners and researchers working in the field of industrial psychology and occupational health.

Lessons from the holy grail of industrial psychology: theoretical, practical, and social implications for HRM in the current landscape of academia amidst the Covid-19 crisis

Lessons from the holy grail of industrial psychology: theoretical, practical, and social implications for HRM in the current landscape of academia amidst the Covid-19 crisis

Analysis of Advertising and Consumer Psychology

This article will focus on the introduction of the overall advertising industry, including its historical development and 14 forms of advertising skills. The 14 forms will be introduced in detail in order for the audience to have a clearer vision. Also, information on several important consumer psychologies will be incorporated. For example, consensus, reciprocity, and commitment. Then, an analysis of how consumer psychology and advertisements interact with each other will be presented from 4 different perspectives. This part will focus on the market dynamics as well as the inner emotional conditions of consumers. Functions of advertisement will follow up. According to the previous introductory contents, there will be assumptions of the way advertising influences consumer psychology, more specifically advertisement brings effect onto human culture and social behaviors. Finally, the paper will make a general conclusion about the effects the present advertising industry and consumer psychology have on society.

Actualization of cyber resilience and historical origins of the concept of "resilience"

In this article, cyber resilience is defined as the ability to withstand external shocks caused by cyber risks, recover from them, and adapt to them. The importance of building a cyber resilience system in modern conditions is emphasized and examples of emergency situations of cyberattacks are given. The need to ensure cyber resilience at facilities and institutions is considered, different types of threats aimed at different systems, as well as the consequences of their negative impact are highlighted.&#x0D; It is noted that resilience and risk management, although interrelated, are still different. Risk management involves quantitative risk assessment, which forms a decision on the most appropriate strategy for responding to them. Resilience is important when risk is incalculable, when hazardous conditions are a complete surprise, or when analytical risk parameters have proven ineffective.&#x0D; It is emphasized that at a fundamental level, there are certain disagreements about the true meaning of resilience: for some, it implies the ability of a system to withstand a shock and return to its initial state, while for others it is an evolutionary process leading to adaptation and a new state of balance.&#x0D; Resilience has a long and rich history in various fields of scientific knowledge, including ecology, psychology, and disaster management. One of its main advantages is that it allows complex systems to prepare for adverse events and continue to operate under extraordinary conditions. It is concluded that the "prevent and protect” paradigm, which is still dominant today, is insufficient, and that risk management tools need to be developed in the direction of cyber resilience.

Industrial and organisational psychology Master’s coursework and internship as enabler of employability

Orientation: The general goal of the professional industrial and organisational psychology (IOP) master’s coursework and internship programmes is to enable the qualifying student to contribute to organisational strategic and operational human resource practices and people behavioural dynamics, assessment, and intervention design.Research purpose: The study explored the perceived effectiveness of the professional IOP master’s coursework and internship programmes in qualifying intern psychologists as employable industrial and organisational psychologists (IOPs).Motivation for the study: Internships are a practical way for intern psychologists to operationalise their professional purpose, acquire key occupation-related skills and practise their professional capability in real-world work settings.Research approach/design and method: The sample involved South African intern psychologists specialising in IOP (n = 17). Qualitative research methods with thematic data analysis were employed.Main findings: Guided by self-determination theory, the findings suggested that the IOP master’s coursework and internship programmes promote holistic development and embed confidence in practical and theoretical competence on both a personal and a professional level. Intrinsic and autonomous motivation regarding the IOP’s role and identity are also crystallised while the importance of continuous personal and professional growth, as well as a good support network, are acknowledged.Practical/managerial implications: Understanding the intern IOPs experience and required competencies for employment may help to improve the design and development of the professional IOP master’s coursework and internship programmes.Contribution/value-add: The study especially emphasised the need to enhance the effectiveness and support offered within the professional IOP master’s coursework and internship programmes by incorporating the principles of self-determination theory.

(Un)making labor invisible: A syllabus.

From industrial psychology and occupational therapy to the laboratory bench and scenes of "heroic" fieldwork, there are important connections between the science of labor and the labor of science. Participants in the 2022 Gordon Cain Conference explored how greater attention to these connections might deepen historical understanding of what constitutes "science" and what counts as "labor." Our conversations circled around themes of vulnerability (of systems, individual bodies, historical testimony), affect (pertaining to historical actors and ourselves), and interdependence (e.g. across human groups, species, political boundaries, and time). For the members of this group, which grew out of a panel discussion, these themes and motivations coalesced around a topical focus on invisibility, which helped us to articulate - in the form of a co-created syllabus - research questions about science and labor from multiple angles pertaining to practice, archival preservation, and scholarly representation. This syllabus is organized into six thematic modules that aim to challenge and historicize the concept of invisible labor by facilitating comparisons across geographic, temporal, conceptual, and disciplinary boundaries. The goals of this collaborative syllabus, in sum, are manifold: we seek to facilitate more inclusive histories of science through critical engagement with "invisibility" and thereby promote a more expansive understanding of what constitutes scientific labor; to highlight the constitutive role of gendered labor practices in the scientific enterprise; to draw attention to interdependencies that make all forms of production (knowledge or material) possible; to elucidate systems of remuneration for scientific labor over the longue durée and through pointed comparisons; and, finally, to promote self-reflexivity about the methods we use to narrate the history of science and make sense of our own labors.

Leadership Style and its Influence on Employee Well-Being and Productivity: Industrial and Organizational Psychology Perspectives

This study aims to analyze and explain leadership styles and their effects on employee welfare and productivity. Through his leadership style, a leader can influence well-being and job satisfaction by paying attention to and meeting the needs of his employees. If employee needs have been met, employees will work as much as possible towards increasing work productivity. Therefore, a leadership style is needed that can affect the welfare and productivity of employees with an Industrial Psychology approach. The method used in this study can be classified as descriptive research, meaning by researching and holding discussions and describing systematically, then looking for relationships from these source data to get a desired conclusion for the solution faced. The results of this study show that a good leadership style and organizational culture can foster commitment in employees. Commitment in the organization is a trigger for organizational success. The role of psychology in psychology is to answer psychological problems by integrating industry and organizations as a practical way to solve problems that arise.

Role of Constructed Environment for Tourism Development: A Global Trend Analysis base on Triangulated Review

The study employs a pragmatic approach to comprehend the constructed environment as a means for propelling tourism industries. Various relevant works of literature are taken into account in analyzing the impact of the constructed environment and its significance to tourism. The objectives of the study are twofold. First, it reviews the constructed environment in detail considering it in three sub-sets. These are the frame; sustenance; and nature. Second, it analyzes the global status of the constructed environment concerning tourism development. The study highlights the research lacuna to draw convincing conclusions about why the constructed environment signifies the growth of the sector. The key takeaway point from the study is the earnest need for a developed constructed environment for development of the industries. The study concludes with suggestive notes to various stakeholders to be conscious enough in understanding tourist psychology, policymaking, and resource management; which will result in economic vitality.

A Surprising Journey Through a Changing Landscape

My research journey was completely unexpected. I never envisioned becoming a professor, or still working after more than 40 years. I discuss this journey in terms of how events unfolded without much planning, in hopes of encouraging others to accomplish more than they believe they can. Since I have had a long career, I also discuss some ways in which the field of management has changed and how these present challenges to our field in the future. It is my contention that the field benefits most from good scholars doing good work on topics that interest them, and not by scholars learning how to game the system or worrying too much about which journals “count.” I also discuss some differences I experience being associated with both the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) and the Academy of Management. I conclude on an optimistic note pointing out various efforts to address some of the challenges I outlined.

I’m Sick of This: Prioritise A Sustainable Return-to-Work for Employees on Sick Leave

A focus on sustainable employability has recently become more prevalent in research and practice. The working population ages, and employers’ demand for work exceeds its supply, making the need for continued labour at later ages greater. Accordingly, the urgency of reducing sick leave is increasing. In this article the need for sustainable return-to-work trajectories is emphasised, as returning to work after sick leave can be challenging and often unsuccessful on the long term. I demonstrate the need for sustainable return-to-work trajectories by sketching the global issue of workplace absence and comparing how organisations in different countries respond to short-term and long-term sick leave. This comparison lays bare large gaps between theory and practice in recovery and return-to-work. Using insights from management science, industrial and organisational psychology, and occupational medicine, I reflect on ways to support a more sustainable (long-term) return-to-work, in which the emphasis is placed on sufficient time to recover and a contextualised, holistic approach to return-to-work. This approach is illustrated to be beneficial to both the employer and the employee.

Conspiracy Theories and Anxiety in Culture: Why is Threat-Related Misinformation an Evolved Product of Our Ability to Mobilize Sources in the Face of Un-represented Threat?

This paper argues that the allure of conspiracy theories lies in their evolutionary origins, specifically in our capacity to communicate unrepresented threats. Drawing on threat-detection psychology and error management theory, it posits that these theories serve as adaptive responses to perceived threats and social coalition-building, rather than as flaws in reasoning.

Within-person personality variability in the work context: A blessing or a curse for job performance?

Only recently, the question whether within-person personality variability is a blessing or a curse for job performance has reached the agendas of industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology researchers. Yet, this limited stream of research resulted in inconsistent findings, and only little understanding exists about the role of rater source and mean-level personality in this relationship. Broadly following socioanalytic theory, the present study examined the extent to which self- and other-rated within-person personality variability predicts self- and other-rated job performance, and whether this is moderated by mean-level personality. Within-person personality variability indices and job performance evaluations were obtained from an experience sampling study including N = 166 teachers, N = 95 supervisors, and N = 69 classes (including 1,354 students). Results showed that-above and beyond the effects of mean-level personality-self-rated within-person variability was positively associated with self-rated job performance, while other-rated within-person variability was negatively associated with other-ratings of performance. Many interactions with mean-level personality were found, mainly demonstrating negative effects of variability for those with a less adaptive personality profile (cf. variability as a "curse"), while showing positive effects of variability for those with a more adaptive trait profile (cf. variability as a "blessing"). Importantly, however, additional analyses provided little evidence for associations across type of rater source. These findings contribute to the field of I-O psychology by highlighting that perceptions of within-person personality variability may impact performance evaluations beyond personality traits, although its desirability seems to depend on individuals' personality trait level. Implications and limitations are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Are You So Good That They Cannot Ignore You? Effect of Coworker Support on Knowledge Sharing Through an Affective Events Theory Perspective

Drawing on affective events theory, this study considers knowledge sharing as an outcome of emotional responses resulting from an individual’s experience of workplace events. This study aimed to empirically examine how coworker support as a work event encourages employees’ knowledge contribution and knowledge-seeking behaviors through feelings of vitality. A structured, questionnaire-based survey was administered to 430 employees of knowledge-based organizations in India. The retrieved data were further analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that perceived coworker support positively influences the knowledge contribution and knowledge-seeking behavior of individuals in the workplace. Furthermore, vitality mediated the positive association between perceived coworker support and knowledge sharing. This implies that the perception of coworker support in the workplace augments employees’ feelings of vitality, which further motivates them to contribute to and seek knowledge from coworkers. Therefore, this study critically underscores the existence of a “performance loop” in knowledge sharing, as coworkers find it difficult to bypass an employee because of their outstanding performance and the fact that the same virtuous cycle elicits greater knowledge sharing by coworkers. Such perceived goodwill makes employees so good that they cannot be ignored within an organizational setting. This is a pioneering study investigating how coworker support in the workplace stimulates knowledge sharing among employees by considering the mediating effect of feelings of vitality. This study also contributes to the positive psychology and knowledge management literature by revealing the implications of vitality for extra-role behaviors such as knowledge sharing.

The Effect of Psychological Capital and Self-Leadership on Work Engagement among Agricultural Extension Advisors

Work engagement is considered a significant construct within organisations and the field of industrial psychology. Focus within organisations has shifted to recognise more positive psychological constructs such as self-leadership and psychological capital to promote employees’ work engagement. The present study investigated the effect of psychological capital and self-leadership on the work engagement levels of agricultural extension advisors within South Africa. The study was motivated by the lack of research within agricultural extension on positive psychological constructs such as work engagement, self-leadership, and psychological capital, which could impact the agricultural sector. A quantitative research method was used to gather data using three scales. A total of 103 viable questionnaires were obtained. A Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to address the objective. Both psychological capital and self-leadership were found to have a significant positive correlation to work engagement. In addition, hope, optimism, and behaviour-focused strategies were found to have the, most significant contribution toward the work engagement levels of agricultural extension advisors. Within agricultural extension, the above study provided information on how to foster and improve the work engagement levels of their employees using strategies of psychological capital and work engagement.

The Role of Leadership in Brahmin Education in the novel Arok Dedes

One form of appreciation for literary works is the novel Arok Dedes in the aspect of leadership in the education of prospective Brahmins, which can be used as a source of inspiration for images of education in the past. The aim of this research is to analyze the picture of leadership in the education of prospective Brahmins. The main analysis is related to aspects of Educational Psychology and Human Resources Management in the novel. Using qualitative methods and research analysis using Educational Psychology and Human Resources Management approaches. The results of the analysis show that Arok's leadership character, from the start, has received recognition from the Brahmins, including: intelligence, energy, memory, intuition, superior persuasive power and Arok's leadership potential in the future. Regarding the role of leadership character in the education of prospective Brahmins, there are five confessions from various parties regarding Arok's leadership character, including: 1. Acknowledgment from Brahmins 2. Acknowledgment from dorm friends 3. Acknowledgment from his game mates 4. Agreement from Arok's friends regarding motivation for studying in aim to overthrow stump Ametung 5. Dedes' confession. There are two leadership approaches applied by the Arok character, first is the Leader Characteristics Approach, the Arok character is considered a leader who has certain superior characteristics that other characters do not have, can be differentiated based on the superiority of his personal attributes such as intelligence, energy, memory, intuition, and superior persuasive power. Second, the Leader Behavior Approach, this approach compares the behavior of effective leaders which can refer to the Arok character and the behavior of ineffective leaders which refers to the character of nggul Ametung.