Psychological Type Research Articles

King Philip II of Spain as the prototype of the Grand Inquisitor in F.M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov”

INTRODUCTION. The Spanish plot forms an important symbolic, semantic and artistic layer of the Grand Inquisitor Legend by F.M. Dostoevsky. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the typological similarity of the Spanish King Philip II (1527–1598) and the Grand Inquisitor Dostoevsky in the context of the author’s idea of the “Legend”.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The object of the study is the insertion parable of Ivan Karamazov in F.M. Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov”, as well as handwritten editions and rough sketches for the “Legend”. The methodological basis of the research includes the comparative historical method, cultural-historical and system-typological analysis.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The study revealed the presence of a complex typological correlation between the image of King Philip II, attested by historical literature, and the artistic image of the Grand Inquisitor of the Legend. The characteristics of both characters, such as despotism, pride, amoralism, fanaticism, asceticism and recluse, go back to two basic categories that build the life and behavior model of the characters – godliness and the will to power. In the context of Dostoevsky’s anti-Catholic polemic, such similarity of portraits (spiritual constitution and psychological type) of the Inquisitor king and the Grand Inquisitor acquires special significance.CONCLUSION. The revealed typological correlation between historical and artistic images suggests that the Inquisitor King Philip II, as an iconic character in Spanish history, served as one of the prototypes of the main character of Dostoevsky’s “Legend”.

Psychological Type and Temperament Profile of Anglican Clergy Serving in the Episcopal Church (USA)

Abstract The present study drew on data provided by 179 clergymen and 226 clergywomen to discuss the psychological type and temperaments profile of stipendiary parochial clergy serving in The Episcopal Church (USA) and to set this profile alongside 591 clergymen and 486 clergywomen serving in the Church of England. The data indicated a similar profile for Anglican clergy on both sides of the Atlantic, with preferences for introversion, intuition, feeling and judging. In terms of temperament, in the USA 41% of clergymen were SJ, 38% NF, 17% NT and 4% SP; 43% of clergywomen were NF, 41% SJ, 13% NT and 2% SP.

The Psychological Type and Temperament Profile of Ordinands at Cranmer Hall, Durham, 2008–2016

Abstract This study explores the psychological type and temperament profile of 117 male and 80 female ordinands training at Cranmer Hall, Durham, over a nine-year period alongside earlier studies of Church of England stipendiary clergy. The data confirm the prominence of the Apollonian (NF) Temperament accounting for 41% of male and 54% of female ordinands. Among male ordinands there were preferences for extraversion (58%), intuition (70%), feeling (61%), and judging (60%). Among female ordinands there were preferences for extraversion (56%), intuition (64%), feeling (74%), and judging (74%). The implications of these finding are discussed for the future shape of ministry.

Exploring the Application of Jung's Psychological Types in Psychodrama: A Case Study on Attempting to Mitigate Intergenerational Trauma Between Mothers and Daughters

Exploring the Application of Jung's Psychological Types in Psychodrama: A Case Study on Attempting to Mitigate Intergenerational Trauma Between Mothers and Daughters

Who is inspired to follow Bishop Barron? Applying psychological type and psychological temperament theory among lay Catholic participants at an event sponsored in London by the Word on Fire Institute

ABSTRACT The present study draws on psychological type theory and psychological temperament theory to test the extent to which Bishop Barron’s ministry shaped by the Word on Fire Institute is reaching people less effectively reached by Catholic congregations. Data provided by 168 male and 292 female participants attending Bishop Barron’s day conference in central London during February 2023, who completed the Francis Psychological Type Scales, demonstrated that this event attracted significantly higher proportions of intuitive types and of thinking types, compared with Catholic churchgoers. However, like Catholic congregations, extraverts and perceiving types remained under-represented among the followers of Bishop Barron. The implications of these findings are discussed for the ongoing nurture of those attracted to Bishop Barron alongside inherited congregations.

Students’ personality types and their choices concerning writing in English as a foreign language

The article attempts to present the results of a pilot study conducted in January – June 2020 among Polish high school students. The main aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between students’ personality type and their choices concerning writing in English as a foreign language. The study consisted of two stages – in the first stage students took an online personality test (MBTI), in the second – they filled in a questionnaire to express their views concerning writing skill. The first, theoretical, part of the article depicts different definitions of personality from the perspective of psychological types and psychological traits and summarises basic information connected with writing skill. In the second part the results of the study are presented and some conclusions are drawn, focusing on what implications the knowledge of students’ personality types can have on teaching writing.

The Influence of Spiritual Support on Anxiety Levels and Sleep Quality in Pre-Operative Patients : Literature Review

Background: Many types of stress psychology at hand on the patient before the operation Because every operation has different stressors, such as: Anxiety, fear or worries about the perception of the patient's operation. One of the intervention For lower anxiety and increased quality Sleep preoperative patients is with give spiritual support (audio visual) in the form of murotal Qur'an for religious patients Islam and singing spiritual for religious patients Christian . Objective from this literature review is For know exists the influence of spiritual support on level anxiety and quality Sleep preoperative patients . Methods: Method used in article This that is PRISMA Approach-literature review with using a journal database from science direct , pubmed , and google scholar in range time 2019-2023 with the keywords spiritual support , anxiety and quality Sleep . Results: From the identification results based on inclusion criteria and eligibility review, ten articles were obtained for review. Studies literature review obtained results that There is influence significant anxiety and quality sleep in patients who get spiritual support with those who don't get spiritual support. Conclusion: Spiritual Support may be recommended in the preoperative process in the hospital to reduce anxiety

The quest for the psychological Jesus through a Jungian lens

ABSTRACT This study employs psychological type theory to advance the quest for the psychological Jesus within the reader-response approach to biblical hermeneutics, drawing on data provided by 192 participants from a Pentecostal background who completed two versions of the Francis Psychological Type Scales: one explored the participants’ psychological type profile; the other explored the psychological type profile that they attributed to Jesus. In terms of the 16 complete types, 35% of the participants profiled Jesus as ESFJ, compared with 14% who profiled themselves as ESFJ. In terms of underlying scale scores, the data revealed a significant tendency for participants to construct their image of Jesus within the contours of their own psychological type profile. For example, thinking types were more likely to form an image of Jesus as a thinking type, while feeling types were more likely to form an image of Jesus as a feeling type.

Assessing visitor evaluation of an immersive cathedral experience: applying the Jungian lenses of feeling and thinking

ABSTRACT Psychological type theory differentiates between two contrasting psychological functions relevant for evaluating experience, styled thinking and feeling. The present study encouraged visitors to the pre-Christmas son et lumiere at Liverpool Cathedral, The light before Christmas: The angels are coming, to evaluate their experience through these two lenses. Drawing on data from 978 participants, analysis of qualitative responses to the feeling prompt, ‘What most touched your heart?’ identified nine themes, including valuing being moved by visual images of the nativity, and valuing the opportunity to light a candle. Analysis of qualitative responses to the thinking prompt, ‘What big issues were raised in your mind?’ identified eight themes, including reflecting on the importance and meaning of Christmas, and reflecting on the world. These two prompts generated quite different responses, suggesting a complementary and richer evaluation of the total experience.

A Shorter Version of the Revised Francis Psychological Type and Emotional Temperament Scales (FPTETS-R)

Abstract: The Francis Psychological Type and Emotional Temperament Scales (FPTETS) operationalize the psychological-type model of personality alongside emotional temperament. The scales have been widely used in research as continuous variables that explain a wide range of religious beliefs and attitudes. The full instrument consists of five 10-item scales so a shorter version would be useful in longer surveys where completion time needs to be minimized. This study uses data from 700 Church of England clergy who completed the revised version of the FPTETS to reduce the 10-item scales to 6-item scales. Ant colony optimization was found to be a better way of selecting the final items than reliability optimization alone because it balanced individual scale reliabilities with maintaining the factor structure of the overall instrument. The selected scales were validated using data from 1,194 lay people from the Church of England, and two samples of 884 clergy and 2,765 lay people from the Episcopal Church (USA). The short scales are commended for use where the need is for continuous scale scores rather than producing psychological typologies.

Psycholinguistic analysis of speech processing under pathophysiological (traumatic) stress factor

The article presents the analysis results of spontaneous speech under pathophysiological traumatic stress factor. Traumatic stress is an acute reaction to pathophysiological factor affecting the psychoemotional sphere and characterised by changes in behaviour patterns including speech. The purpose of this study is the auditory analysis of speech, which demonstrates changes of formal characteristics at the tempo level, rhythm and mistakes under emotional intensity. The subject of the study is the formal speech characteristics of patients with various injuries under natural conditions of pathophysiological acute stress. Systemic principles of the speech analysis are based on an interdisciplinary approach and includes determination of the personality psychological type and the mental status of each subject at the time of patient examination to diagnose the state of emotional intensity. Interdisciplinary psycholinguistic analysis allows assessing emotional and psychophysiological state of patients and is a basis for psychocorrectional work with patients in a state of pathophysiological stress and for treatment taking into account their mental status.

Contrasting Approaches to Managing the Debate on Same-Sex Blessing and Same-Sex Marriage in New Zealand and Australia: Applying Insights from Jungian Psychological Type Theory

Abstract In October 2022 the Church of England commissioned an examination of the impact of the debate on same-sex blessing and same-sex marriage within other Anglican Churches. The examination involved a literature search, an original survey among key informers and a general internet search. This paper draws on the general internet search to contrast the impacts in New Zealand and Australia. Drawing on Jungian psychological type theory, this analysis employs the contrasting decision-making functions of feeling (concerned with subjective interpersonal values) and thinking (concerned with objective logical analysis). The data suggest that the feeling approach dominant in New Zealand, which prioritized offering space and time for those of differing opinions to meet together, reported more positive outcomes than the thinking approach dominant in Australia, which gave greater priority to adversarial debate.

Genre specifics of the modern novel in the context of psychopoetics

ABSTRACT The goal of the article is to consider the specifics of the genre semantics of the modern novel in the context of the psychopoetics development. Alongside this, the objective of the work is to revisit the novels through the characteristics of their varieties and to try to answer the question – why the novels under consideration can be specified as psychological. A significant element of the article is devoted to the study of the representation techniques in modern Ukrainian novels in the context of psychopoetics. This research resulted in defining the genre semantics of the novels by the modern Ukrainian authors, ways of their implementation in the light of psychopoetics, psychonarratives, psychological types and means of psycho-poetic representation. The practical significance of the research is determined by the contribution to the development of psychopoetics as a branch of modern literary studies. The research outcomes can be used to design elective philological courses, comparative studies, and also for the advanced research on historical-cultural and psychological aspects of the essence of creativity in general.

Psychological features of HIV-infected patients depending on the stage of the disease

The relevance of the problem. Currently, the issue of HIV infection is acute all over the world, and the variety of HIV clinical forms is striking in its vastness and congruence with other pathologies. Among Russian and foreign publications devoted to psychological changes in patients with HIV infection, there is a lack of works on the relationship of their levels of resistance to the action of stress agents, the effectiveness of the formation of protective and compensatory behavior with differentiation by spheres (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral), and the absence or presence of alexithymia of varying degrees of severity in their personal psychological type with self-assessment of wellbeing, the severity of infection, and the presence of complications. The purpose of the study: to identify and compare the psychological characteristics of the personality of HIV-infected patients, depending on the stage of the disease. Materials and methods. We observed 150 male and female volunteers (83 and 67 patients, respectively), whose mean age was 37.5 (33.9; 42.1) years, living in the city of Saratov and the Saratov region. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the stage of the disease: Group I — the patients with HIV infection in the incubation stage (Stage 1 — incubation), Group II — the patients with steadily progressing HIV infection (Stage 2 — stage of primary manifestations and Stage 3 — subclinical); Group III — the patients with continuing HIV replication, accompanied by the death of CD4+ lymphocytes and the depletion of their population to zero (Stage 4 — stage of secondary diseases and Stage 5 — terminal). The patients were followed up at the public health institution Saratov Regional Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Control. Results. The following patterns, confirmed statistically, were revealed: the lower the resistance of the patients to the action of stress agents was, the higher their anxiety was and significantly more often both the tendency to alexithymia and its obvious clinical signs were revealed. Thus, it is advisable for all patients, regardless of the stage of progression of HIV infection, to determine the levels of stress resistance, since with a decrease in this indicator, their level of anxiety increases, a tendency to alexithymia appears, and sleep disturbances, mood disorders, memory impairment, and decreased performance occur, in contrast to patients with high stress resistance.

Psychological Type and the life of faith

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTITM) is widely used in Christian churches as an aid to deeper understanding of one’s own personality and that of one’s fellow believers. It is also presented as a guide to those practices that will be most helpful in developing a Christian’s spiritual life and discipleship. The article examines and critiques the latter notion, concluding that it is unwise to displace and ignore tried-and-tested classical spiritual disciplines on the grounds of incompatibility with one’s personality. Instead, knowing one’s Personality Type should help identify the spiritual disciplines that are attractive and congenial and also those equally important but less congenial disciplines, which may well require determined effort.

Peculiarities of the formation of psychological signs of masculinity and femininity in athletes (on the example of sports acrobatics)

The article presents a study of determining the degree of manifestation of inversion of sexual dimorphism using the study of psychological types (behavioral indicators of masculinity/femininity) according to the method of Sandra Bem (S. Bem) in acrobats of various roles and genders and non- athletes. Athletes specializing in pair and group sports acrobatics and persons of the same age who do not play sports took part in the research. Acrobatic girls were divided into 2 groups: 1) roles at the top (n=32), puberty age (13.96±1.02), 2) roles in the middle and at the bottom (n=42), youth age (19.36±2.86). Young acrobats: 1) roles above (n=32), average age 14.88±2.32; 2) roles in the middle and below (n=48), average age 20.38±2.89. Sports qualification of athletes: beginners, sub-elite and elite athletes. All subjects were offered the method of determining a person's gender identification (psychological sex) according to S. Bem, which is based on determining the degree of masculinity, femininity and androgyny of an individual. It was found that 10% of female respondents, 12-25 years old (the roles above), specializing in pair-group acrobatics, belong to the masculine type of gender identity, and 90% to the andromorphic type. In those who do not do sports: masculinity – 3%, femininity – 10%, androgyny – in 87% of the subjects. 45% of male acrobats showed signs of masculinity, 55% – androgyny. In people who do not do sports: masculinity – 30%, androgyny – 70%. Acrobats aged 16-23 (the roles in the middle and below: masculinity – 20%, androgyny – 80%. Feminine personality type was not found in any of the athletes. In female acrobats of both roles, the test data obtained using the psychological gender method indicate a shift from the feminine type of gender identification to the masculine and androgynous types.

Reading the resurrection appearance at the lakeside through lenses of sensing and intuition

This study forms part of a research project designed to test the sensing, intuition, feeling and thinking (SIFT) approach to biblical hermeneutics in respect of a wide range of biblical passages. On this occasion, two contrasting approaches to perceiving (a group of eight sensing types and a group of nine intuitive types) were invited to address two questions to John 21:1–12a: What do you see in this passage? What sparks your imagination in this passage? These two contrasting groups generated characteristically different readings of the same text.Contribution: The SIFT approach to biblical hermeneutics is rooted in the reader-perspective school of interpretation and is concerned with identifying the influence of the psychological type profile of the reader on the interpretation of text. The present study adds to a developing body of evidence validating the theory underpinning the SIFT approach and does so by focusing for the first time on the resurrection appearance at the lakeside in John 21.

Supporting Female Leaders in Higher Education through an Understanding of Psychological Type

Supporting Female Leaders in Higher Education through an Understanding of Psychological Type

Psychological typification and reaction of the cardiovascular system of endurance athletes to multisensory interference. Part 2: the relationship between the psychological characteristics of a successful athlete and the response of heart rate to stressors

The search for methods of profiling and selecting athletes in order to preserve health and improve performance is one of the most important tasks of scientific and methodological support for sports training. The purpose of the study is to assess the possibility of determining the psychophysiological types of athletes when testing for resistance to multisensory interference. These data can later be used in combined psychophysiological methods of sports selection. The aim of the study is to find out whether certain psychological types of athletes may have characteristic physiological features of reactions to hypoxia, as well as to assess the applicability of the methods used. 28 cyclical sports athletes — male skiers and swimmers from 13 to 26 years old (Q1 (25 %) 18,2; median (50 %) 19,0; Q3 (75 %) 20,7) of various levels of athletic qualification were examined. A test was performed with normobaric 10 % hypoxia with an analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). Revealed: 1. differences in HRV profiles at rest and at the beginning of the hypoxic test in athletes of different sports qualifications, 2. certain combinations of personality traits of masters of cyclic sports correspond to characteristic HRV profiles. This study shows that the skill level of an athlete is reflected in the response to multisensory interference and the chosen research methods are adequate for the set goals. The limitations of this pilot study include the sample size, as well as the fact that only males participated in it. In the future, the authors plan to increase the sample depending on the size of the effect (at least 125 volunteers) to obtain more reliable data and qualitative conclusions.

Testing the bipolar assumption of Singer-Loomis Type Deployment Inventory for Korean adults using classification and multidimensional scaling.

In this study, we explored whether the Korean version of Singer Loomis Type Deployment Inventory II (K-SLTDI) captures the opposing tendencies of Jung's theory of psychological type. The types are Extroverted Sensing, Extroverted Intuition, Extroverted Feeling, Extroverted Thinking, Introverted Sensing, Introverted Intuition, Introverted Feeling, and Introverted Thinking. A nationwide online survey was conducted in South Korea. We performed multidimensional scaling and classification analyses based on 521 Korean adult profiles with eight psychological types to test the bipolarity assumption. The results showed that the Procrustes-rotated four-dimensional space successfully represented four types of opposing tendencies. Moreover, the bipolarity assumption in the four dimensions of Jungian typology was tested and compared between lower and higher psychological distress populations via cluster analysis. Lastly, we explored patterns of responses in lower and higher psychological distress populations using intersubject correlation. Both similarity analyses and classification results consistently support the theoretical considerations on the conceptualization of Jung's type in independent order that the types could be derived without bipolar assumption as Singer and Loomis expected in their Type Development Inventory. Limitations in our study include the sample being randomly selected internet users during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite excellence in the use of the internet in the general Korean population.