Phenomenological Psychology Research Articles

The Concept of Morality in National Athletes: A Phenomenological Approach

The purpose of this study is to find out young elite athletes’ views on the concept of moral because of being a role model in society with their values and moral structures. In this study qualitative method was used and as a research design, psychological phenomenology approach, which is one of the phenomenological patterns, was preferred. The sample group of the study consists of 11 young national team athletes who were determined with maximum variation sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. With these athletes, individual interviews for each participant which lasted for an average of 45 minutes within the context of semi structured interview technique were conducted. In accordance with the permission taken from the participants, their answers were recorded and then textualized. Descriptive and content analysis method were used to analyse the data. According to athletes who assess moral in terms of behaviour and protection, sports can contribute to individuals’ moral development. While athletes have individual values, and values related with the team and opponent, events which sometimes motivate athletes positively and which sometimes influence them negatively occur in sport environment. In addition, according to athletes, first of all the family, then coaches and environment have responsibilities in the moral development of an athlete.

Lived Experiences of Mistreatment in a General Surgery Residency

Explore the lived experiences of General Surgery residents to identify how they perceive, define mistreatment, and which factors can contribute to or mitigate mistreatment within the Clinical Learning Environment. This is a phenomenological study conducted during 2019-2020 using Giorgi's psychological descriptive phenomenology methodology. Researcher bias, trustworthiness, and triangulation were addressed using bracketing, check-ins with program leadership, comparisons to resident survey, and team consensus based on Consensual Qualitative Research. General Surgery Residency program at Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Texas. All residents in the general surgery program were invited to participate (n= 66, 43% female and 63% non-Hispanic). Specific demographic and identifying data for each participant was not collected. Approximately 50 (76% of program) residents from General Surgery participated. We were able to identify four themes that helped to delineate the lived experience of residents including program cultural factors, resident internal processing, and perceived effects of mistreatment by the residents. The resulting psychological structure and conceptual framework help clarify the interrelations between the themes and the Clinical Learning Environment. The scenarios discussed were adapted and depersonalized to use as prompts for the Forum Theater intervention. This project set out to explore resident's lived experiences and allow the data to reveal the main outcomes. The data was coded and analyzed following strict guidelines from descriptive psychological phenomenology and Consensual Qualitative Research with the aim of informing a later experiential intervention based on Forum Theater. The lived experience of general surgery residents helped identify cultural factors and behaviors that contribute to and/or mitigate mistreatment providing information to plan interventions at the resident and faculty level. Mitigating or stopping mistreatment can improve the Clinical Learning Environment and hence, the quality of training.

Alexithymia phenomenology in psychology: innovative explanatory-functional psychological paradigm

Alexithymia phenomenology in psychology: innovative explanatory-functional psychological paradigm

The Phenomenology of Semiosis: Approaches to the Gap between the Encyclopaedia and the Porphyrian Tree Spanned by Sedimentation

When putting semiotics and phenomenology in juxtaposition, the first task necessarily is to find out what a study of meaning, conceiving of itself as an empirical science, has to do with a philosophical school, the business of which it is to secure the epistemological foundations of all the sciences (broadly understood). Our answer, in short (but we will go at some length to show it), is that since all results of phenomenology also count as contributions to phenomenological psychology, the phenomenological method constitutes a part of the panoply of methods offered to semiotics. Our second task will be to review the fragmentary semiotics proposed, originally employing that term, by Edmund Husserl, to gauge its value for contemporary semiotics. Since our investigation of Husserl’s semiotics will demonstrate that it sometimes concerns the sign in a narrow sense, and sometimes broadens up to a study of meaning in general, our third and final task, in this paper, will be to consider a proposal made by a close follower of Husserl, Alfred Schütz, whose idea of a system of relevancies, wedded to Husserl’s notion of sedimentation, might be amended when considered in connection with Umberto Eco’s idea of the encyclopaedia.

Harmonization of Program on Awards and Incentives for Service Excellence (Praise) Implementation: Teachers’ Perception Toward Gawad Sagwan

This study aimed to develop deeper understanding on the perception of ten (10) selected junior high school teachers of Aplaya National High School in the Division of Santa Rosa City, Laguna, Philippines toward Gawad SAGWAN as an Institutionalized Program on Awards and Incentives for Service Excellence (PRAISE) Implementation. It posits the significance of awards, incentives, and recognition to encourage creativity, innovativeness, efficiency, integrity, and productivity in the public service by recognizing and rewarding officials and employees, individually or in groups for their suggestions, inventions, superior accomplishments, and other personal efforts which contribute to the efficiency, economy, or other improvements in government operations, or for other extraordinary acts or services in the public interest. Specifically, it aimed to address the following: (1) What are the participants' perceptions in terms of awards and recognition in Gawad SAGWAN? (2) How do the participants perceive the challenges and demands of an award and recognition recipient in Gawad SAGWAN? The study employed the Psychological Phenomenology of Creswell (2017). The verbatim transcriptions revealed four (4) themes. Among the teachers' perceptions that surfaced included knowing oneself, and knowing teachers. The participating teachers perceived the challenges and demands as award and recognition recipients in Gawad SAGWAN through exemplary performance, accountability, and dedication to work. The findings indicate that the proposed Gawad SAGWAN is well-designed and tailored fit to the needs of teachers and administrators of Aplaya National High School in the Department of Education in support of the Civil Service Commission's (CSC) guiding principle and policy that every agency shall establish its employee incentive awards system-PRAISE.

Psychological health as the problem of public administration in the field of employment

The concept of psychological health of employers is presented as a deep psychological phenomenology of personality resources, due to subjective assessment of functional states and states of physical and mental health, specified by gender causality, and determined by constructive, destructive and deficient functioning of I. Gender identity has been linked to the parameters of physical functioning, the assessment of the impact of physical condition on role functioning, the intensity of pain, general functioning and social functioning of men. The condition of the general state of health and constructiveness of self-functions by the gender identity of women has been revealed. A three-factor model of conceptualization of the concept of psychological health of the individual is proposed, which determines the range of concepts "Constructive functioning", "Psychological well-being", "Attentionality". Models of deep-psychological determination of employers ’resourcefulness in the continuum of psychological health have been developed.

A Phenomenological Psychology Study of University Teachers' Lived Experience of Being Pedagogical in Neoliberalism.

Against a background of promoting the industrialization of higher education in Macau due to COVID-19's damage to the territory's major industry—gambling, the present study adopted phenomenological psychology to explore teachers' lived experience of being pedagogical in a university with a neoliberal vision and mission. Using a general structure, the findings revealed that teachers encountered challenges being pedagogical. These challenges emerged not only due to the university's corporate management, but more importantly because of a shift in perceptions—where students became like customers and teachers became self-interested—which made pedagogical relationships difficult to establish. Furthermore, teachers were found to develop negative emotions when their pedagogical actions or intentions conflicted with neoliberalism. The findings suggest that pedagogy in higher education is being challenged and transformed.

Distorting boundaries, amalgamating perspectives: A proposed integration of international law on protection of refugees and stateless persons in higher education curricula

Distorting boundaries, amalgamating perspectives: A proposed integration of international law on protection of refugees and stateless persons in higher education curricula

Prolonged Emergency Remote Teaching: Sustainable E-Learning or Human Capital Stuck in Online Limbo?

We introduce the term “prolonged emergency remote teaching” to accentuate the temporal aspect of the current educational crisis. In-depth lived experiences of students and teaching staff in one engineering education institution were examined, in order to depict what being involved in an exclusively online communication feels like from the personal perspective, thus examining e-learning sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews with samples of students and teaching staff were conducted, and then psychological phenomenology was employed to produce rich descriptions of their personal experiences and impressions. Both the students and the faculty employees observed e-learning during the Fall semester of 2020 as challenging and artificial. Although trying to function as everything is in order, as the semester unfolded, motivation deteriorated, communication turned more and more superficial, and limitations became more prominent. For both sides, although there were some conveniences, the educational process yielded sub-optimal results and was hard to sustain; intellectual and social capital of both sides appeared to be underutilized. We present conclusions and recommendations, suggesting that modern technologies should help both sides to adapt to the new reality, instead of feeling stuck in an online “limbo”.

Психотерапія зажитого простору: феноменологічний та екологічний концепт

Using phenomenological and ecological psychology as a base, the author develops the concept of lived space as the totality of an individual's spatial and social relationships, including his ”horizon of possibilities”. The lived space may also be regarded as the individual's ecological niche, which is continuously shaped by his exchange with the environment. Mental illness may then be conceived as a limitation or deformation of the patient's lived space, inhibiting his responsivity and exchange with the environment. Unconscious dysfunctional patterns of feeling and behaving act as "blind spots" or "curvatures" in lived space and lead to typical distortions, thereby further restricting the patient's potentialities and development. Accordingly, the task of psychotherapy is to explore and understand the patient's lived space in order to reopen his horizon of possibilities. The main agent for this purpose is the interactive field of psychotherapy, which may be regarded as a "fusion of horizons" of the patient's and the therapist's worlds.

Онтологическая неопределенность и отношения «нелюбви» Рецензия на книгу Е. Иллуз «Почему любовь уходит? Социология негативных отношений». Москва; Берлин: Директмедиа Паблишинг, 2022. 352 с.

The reviewed book presents a sociological view of the modern dynamics of partnership relations and is a meaningful continuation of the author’s previously published work “Why does love hurt? Sociological explanation” (2020), which fixed on extensive theoretical and empirical material the main paradox of our contemporary’s daily life — the presence of a high value of love relationships for self-identification and at the same time extremely weak expression of the feeling of love itself due to increasing emotional coldness and alienation in interpersonal relationships. And therefore, it is natural that now the focus of attention is on the actual social and psychological reasons for avoiding love as such, as well as the search for answers to the question of how and why following the values of freedom of choice of a partner has turned into demands for freedom to exit from a relationship of intimacy, asserting the actual absence of love. From the point of view of E. Illuz, the basis of such a transformation, which sets at the individual level the experience of a constant conflict between independence and attachment, is the so-called “negative sociality”: the growing ontological uncertainty as the leading experience of our contemporary is based on life in a society governed by sexual freedom. Thus, the formation of negative partnerships without obligations (relations of “dislike”), with all the intimacy of its psychological phenomenology, turns out to be a natural consequence of modern social processes: the dynamics of consumption in an information society, the atomization of the social structure, the social devaluation of the female body and sexuality.

Why and How Transcendental Phenomenology Should Interact with Neuroscience

Current dialogues in neuroscience are limited to phenomenological psychology plus neuroscience, or neurophenomenology. Within these dialogues, transcendental phenomenology is largely expelled. This article proposes a transcendental phenomenology of and through neuroscience. The “phenomenology‑of ” neuroscience is a philosophy that refuses to view the Experience‑Body Relation and Life‑Non‑Life Ambiguity as if they were predetermined, unintelligible, metaphysical gaps. Instead, it attempts to understand them through a correlative intentional experience involving activities of neuro‑scientific investigation and their pre‑theoretical prerequisites. This establishes the indispensability of self‑report and highlights the failings of two naturalistic interpretations of intentionality (representationalism and enactivism). A “phenomenology‑through” neuroscience is thus justifiable and necessary, as illustrated by the example of memory consolidation during sleep. The article finds that as phenomenology‑plus, neurophenomenology can solve its problems only through a mutually constraining “phenomenology‑of ” and “‑through”.

Phenomenological Motifs in Aristotle's Dialectic

The article attempts to show that there is a protophenomenological content in Aristotle's dialectic. It is proved that the endoxic method, used by Aristotle in many works, is not only work with the opinions of philosophers of the past and some generally accepted provisions, but also the study of phenomenal being: an ordinary, pre-philosophical manifestation of things. Limitations are noted for seeing parallels between Aristotle's endoxic method and Husserl's phenomenological method. In the final part of the article, a proposal is made to introduce some elements of the endoxic method into modern phenomenological psychology and psychotherapy. In particular, the formulation of a dialectical problem through the identification of contradictions and the removal of them can be applied by practicing specialists in psychology: in order to build a coherent consciousness the conflict between equivalent, but contradictory emotions and ideas of the patient, should be eliminated.

ЧЕЛОВЕК В ОТНОШЕНИЯХ С ОКРУЖАЮЩИМ МИРОМ: ОПИСАНИЯ КОНТЕКСТА

Background. Th e history of the formation of social psychology is the history of the ongoing search for a methodologically reasonable and correct description of a person’s relationship with the outside world. Th e changing realities of the modern world are transforming the strategies of human interaction with the reality, which creates the need to search for new languages for describing both the surrounding world itself and human interaction with it. Objective. Th e article is devoted to the 50th anniversary of the creation of the Department of Social Psychology of Moscow State University, one of the most important directions in the work of which was the development of methodological problems. Th e desire to formulate and study the fundamental questions of the psychology of human “social being” has always been a distinctive feature of the activity of the Department of Social Psychology of Moscow State University. Th e subject of discussion in the article is the evolution of ideas about the relationship of a person with the outside world. Results. Th e content of the problematic fi eld of modern social psychology is connected with the tasks of developing ideas of a changing context and its cognition by a person. It is shown that the interest in the context of human life is common to a number of areas of modern psychological science. In modern personality psychology an interaction with the outside world is considered as a factor of dynamicfunctioning and development of personality. Th e problem fi elds of other areas of modern science, in particular existential psychology, also include the study of human relations with the outside world. Th us, the principle of contextual study and interpretation of psychological phenomenology acquires the status of a general methodological principle of psychological science Conclusion. Th e main conclusion of the analysis is the statement that socio-psychological knowledge acquies the status of fundamental knowledge for a number of areas of modern psychological science and practice, the interaction of the problematic fi elds of social psychology and personality psychology, their common interest in the existence of a person in the modern world, in situational,\ life and existential contexts, creates prospects for the formation of an integral approach to the study of personality by modern psychological science.

On the Epoché in Phenomenological Psychology: A Schutzian Response to Zahavi

Abstract Dan Zahavi has questioned whether the use of a transcendental phenomenological epoché is essential for phenomenological psychology. He criticizes the views of Amedeo Giorgi by asserting that Husserl did not view the transcendental reduction as needed for an entrance into phenomenological psychology and that, if one thinks so, phenomenological psychology would be in danger of being absorbed within transcendental phenomenology. Thirdly, rather than envisioning transcendental phenomenology as a purification for phenomenological psychology, Zahavi recommends a dialogue between transcendental phenomenologists and psychologists. However, the two disciplines are closer for Husserl who also conceives phenomenological psychology as a self-standing science, and Giorgi is not as rigid on the necessity of transcendental phenomenology for phenomenological psychology. Alfred Schutz, following Husserl’s “Nachwort,” develops his own distinctive phenomenological psychology that appreciates disciplinary convergences and respects boundaries, while also articulating a wider understanding of epoché as an anthropological fact operative beyond the limits of transcendental phenomenology.

The Emergence of Phenomenological Psychology in the United States

Abstract This essay strives to bring together the institutional history of phenomenological psychology within the American academy from the middle of the 20th century to the current moment. Although phenomenological psychology has always been a dynamically international and interdisciplinary movement, the scope of this essay is limited to the different ways in which this new field expressed itself in certain psychology departments and educational institutions across the United States. After presenting this institutional history, and some (but certainly not all) individual contributors, a brief commentary is offered.

The production of difference and “becoming Black”: The experiences of female Nigerian doctors and nurses working in the National Health Service

AbstractIn this article, we combine theory from cultural theorist Stuart Hall with phenomenological psychology to analyze the experiences of female Nigerian doctors and nurses working in the National Health Service (NHS). Drawing on 32 interviews with 24 nurses and doctors, our empirical analysis demonstrates how encounters with patients, colleagues and the structures of the NHS collapsed these health care professionals' identities into a single category of Black that produced them as racially different and inferior – a process we describe as “becoming Black.” In this analysis, we emphasize the utility of Hall's legacy to organizational analyses of experience, and the importance of centering race in such works, thereby adding to the wider literature on discrimination and identity. Hall's contributions offer us a framework for conceptualizing identity as in process, as arising in dialog with another, and framed in a historical context shaped by colonialism. Through a phenomenological lens we explore these identity processes, drawing out racialized experiences, and demonstrating “becoming Black” as a form of symbolic violence with real effects related to psychological distress and workplace precarity.

Phenomenological psychology and qualitative research

This article presents the tradition of phenomenologically founded psychological research that was originally initiated by Amedeo Giorgi. This data analysis method is inseparable from the broader project of establishing an autonomous phenomenologically based human scientific psychology. After recounting the history of the method from the 1960’s to the present, we explain the rationale for why we view data collection as a process that should be adaptable to the unique mode of appearance of each particular phenomenon being researched. The substance of the article is then devoted to a detailed outline of the method’s whole-part-whole procedure of data analysis. We then offer a sample analysis of a brief description of an ordinary daydream. This is an anxiety daydream in response to the recent Covid-19 pandemic. We present this daydream analysis in full to show the concrete hands-on 5 step process through which the researcher explicated the participants’ expressions from the particular to the general. From this brief sample analysis, the researcher offers a first-person reflection on the data analysis process to offer the reader an introduction to the diacritical nature of phenomenological psychological elucidation.

Rhythms of intuition. Methodological reflections in phenomenological psychology

This paper discusses how different concepts of rhythm apply to phenomenological psychological research. We suggest that viewing phenomenological research in psychology as rhythmic not just enables us to notice how the research procedure implies certain shifts within in a series of temporally structured movements of repetition and change; it also enables us to deepen our understanding of the manner in which the researcher engages with the studied phenomenon through intuition. In other words, we argue that rhythm is fundamental to the method of how we understand “the things themselves.”

Phenomenological justification of psychoanalysis

The article is a preliminary sketch of the phenomenological description of the experience of psychoanalysis, in order to phenomenologically justify the fundamental psychoanalytic concepts and phenomena. The phase structure experience of the psychoanalysis is considered, namely: analyst’s anxiety, psychoanalytic reduction, psychoanalytic analysis and interpretation. In addition, the first part of the article is devoted to the main aspects of logical-phenomenological critique of psychoanalysis. First of all, the critique of the associative, mechanistic, speculative theory of psychoanalytic practice that its phenomenological inadequacy leads to a gap between psychoanalytic theory and practice. This fact is especially emphasized in the phenomenological psychology of Arthur Kronfeld and the Daseinanalysis of Ludwig Binswanger and Medard Boss. Hence, the article is an attempt to outline another way to bridge this gap, by phenomenological justification of the experience of psychoanalysis.