Psychological Interventions For Patients Research Articles

Effect of positive psychological intervention on psychological status and quality of life in patients undergoing thoracic surgery operation

Objective To establish the screening condition of psychological intervention for patients in department of chest surgery and to explore the effect of psychological intervention on mental status and quality of life of patients undergoing operation. Methods Firstly, 30 healthy citizens and 30 patients undergone thoracic surgery were selected used simple random sampling method from October 2015 to December 2016. The Quality of Life Assessment Table (SF-36) and 90 Symptom Self-assessment Tables (SCL-90) were used respectively to obtain the ROC curve analysis of each total score. The respective values of them were obtained. Secondly, according to the cut-off value, 90 eligible patients were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group, 45 cases in each group. The control group was given general care, and the intervention group received positive psychological intervention nursing for 2 weeks. Before and after intervention, all patients underwent SF-36 and SCL-90 scores, and the nursing satisfaction survey was done before the end of the study. Results The ROC curve analysis showed that the patients with SF-36 total score less than 570.55 had poorer quality of life, and the patients with SCL-90 total score more than 13.21 had poor mental status. After the intervention, the SF-36 score in emotional function, social function, the overall health of the two groups had no statistical difference (P>0.05) , other indicators of the intervention group were better than the control group, and there were statistical differences (P 0.05) , other indicators of the intervention group were better than the control group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05) . Conclusions The patients undergoing chest surgery with SF-36 total score less than 570.55 and SCL-90 total score more than 13.21 need positive psychological nursing intervention, and positive nursing intervention has a positive impact on the quality of life and psychological status of such patients. Key words: Thoracic surgery operation; Quality of life; Psychological state; Psychological nursing; Positive psychological intervention

God in the Hour: Religious Faith in Psychoanalytic Treatment.

The following is a discussion of the issue of religious faith on the part of the analyst, in terms of how it comes to bear on the psychological treatment of patients who have faith and some who do not. A consideration, and refutation, of Freud's position on religion and his belief in a supreme being as an illusion will be conducted, along with subsequent analytic thinking on this matter. The author's personal experience will be described, and how he is affirmed and sometimes challenged by the various clinical situations in which he finds himself. There will be an application of psychological theory, clinical practice, and theological guide-points.

Psychological interventions in hypertension: rationale and efficiency

The paper reviews the main tasks of the psychological intervention in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) and prehypertension. It presents an analysis of the studies, involving the assessment of psychological intervention efficiency in HTN prevention, lowering blood pressure (BP) and promoting adherence to treatment in HTN patients as well as prevention and correction of psychopathological complications of HTN. According to the results of well-planned studies, the psychological methods, used in the HTN prevention and treatment, do not achieve a satisfactory level of evidence-based efficiency. The findings in favor of the psychological intervention for HTN prevention are the weakest. At the same time, there is evidence of the efficiency of some psychological methods in reducing BP and promoting adherence to treatment. The efficiency of psychological intervention in preventing and slowing progression of vascular cognitive dysfunction is well documented, although the BP is not taken into account in most relevant studies. The authors suggest possible explanations of the limited efficiency of psychological interventions in HTN prevention and treatment according to up-to-date meta-analytic studies and outline future directions of research.

Pharmacological and Psychological Treatments for Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder and Depressive Disorder: a Review

The goal of this review was to provide a summary of pharmacological and psychological interventions for patients with comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depressive disorder. We identified 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating pharmacological interventions and 10 RCTs evaluating psychological interventions in patients with comorbid AUD and depression. Antidepressants were efficacious only in some trials. The combination of anti-alcohol medication and antidepressant may be more effective. Similarly, motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral treatment have some efficacy for treating these comorbid disorders. Despite some mixed results, the current review suggests that pharmacological and psychological interventions have some efficacy for treating this population. Further research is necessary to develop more effective treatments for comorbid AUD and depressive disorder.

Quality of Life and Group Psychological Intervention in Patients With Cirrhosis on Liver Transplant Waiting List

BackgroundThe patients on the liver transplant (LT) waiting list usually present with deterioration in their quality of life. Previous studies on psychological intervention have shown how the quality of life can be improved. ObjectiveTo analyze preliminary results of the influence of group psychotherapy on the quality of life of patients on the LT waiting list. MethodFifteen patients on the LT waiting list who accepted receiving group psychotherapy were selected. The development of each 1 of these sessions was carried out at fortnightly periods for 6 months (12 sessions). Those patients who received a transplant and those patients who did not attend more than 6 group psychotherapy sessions were excluded. The Nottingham Health Profile was used to assess the quality of life. It consists of 38 items belonging to 6 health dimensions: energy, pain, physical mobility, emotional reaction, sleep, and social isolation. The study population was given a questionnaire before starting group psychotherapy and after it was finished. ResultsOf the 15 patients selected from the study population, 3 patients were given a transplant before the psychotherapy had finished, and 5 patients were excluded for not having attended more than 50% of the sessions. Therefore, the study was completed on 7 patients (n = 7). Overall, a better assessment can be seen in the second questionnaire. ConclusionsGroup psychotherapy might favorably influence the quality of life of patients on the LT waiting list; therefore, it might be interesting to carry out studies on a larger scale in order to confirm these results.

Attachment style among outpatients with substance use disorders in psychological treatment.

To explore the associations between self-rated attachment style, psychological distress and substance use among substance use disorder (SUD) outpatients in psychological treatment. In this practice-based study, 108 outpatients were asked to fill in the Experiences in Close Relationships - Short form, the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) at treatment start and end. Patients were given psychological treatments with a directive, reflective or supportive orientation. An insecure attachment style was more common among the SUD outpatients, compared to non-clinical groups. Patients with a fearful attachment style scored higher on psychological distress than patients with a secure attachment style. The associations between the attachment dimensions and psychological distress were stronger than those between attachment and SUD. Significantly more patients had a secure attachment style at treatment end. This study shows significant relations between patients' attachment style and their initial psychological distress. The causal relationship between attachment style and psychological distress is, however, not clear and can likely go in both directions. The psychological treatment of patients with SUD contributed significantly to changes from insecure to secure attachment style. We found among patients with SUD a strong relation between patients' attachment style and their psychological distress. Knowledge of the patient's attachment style may help the therapist to tailor the treatment to the patient's needs. A change from insecure to secure attachment style can be an important goal for a SUD treatment, as it may prevent the patient from using defence strategies involving substance use for regulating emotions and interpersonal relationships.

Systematic meta-analysis of pharmacological and psychological interventions for the treatment of anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Rates of anxiety symptoms in patients with COPD range from 13% to 51%, which is higher than rates for patients with other chronic diseases, yet evidence underpinning the effectiveness of the various treatment options is lacking. The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy and safety of both pharmacological and psychological interventions for the management of anxiety in COPD. We searched two Cochrane Specialised Registers of Cochrane Airways group and Cochrane Col-laboration of Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis with complementary screening of Medline, PsycINFO and CENTRAL. Reference lists of included studies and online clinical trial registries were also explored. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cross-over studies of pharmacological or psychological interventions for patients (age >40 years) with diagnosed COPD and co-existing anxi-ety (confirmed by recognised diagnostic criteria or validated measurement scale) were identified for inclusion. Data was extracted by two independent review authors with meta-analyses of outcomes performed using the random-effect model using Review Manager Version 5.3. A total of 1,792 citations resulted in nine included studies (five pharmacological and four psycho-logical). Meta-analysis of these studies revealed significant reductions in anxiety symptoms, both with and without adjusting for heterogeneity, in the treatment arm (mean difference -2.84; 95%CI - 4.42 to -1.26; p=0.0004, standardised mean difference -0.44; 95% CI -0.74 to -0.14; p=0.004) with the psychological studies producing greater treatment efficacy (p=0.005 for MD and p=0.02 for SMD) over pharmacological (p=0.10 for MD and p=0.20 for SMD) within sub-group analysis. Sig-nificant improvement in depression scores was noted (p=0.03), mainly driven by psychological in-terventions. A trend in favour of the intervention was found for the physical composite of quality of life measured by St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (standardised mean difference -0.36; 95%CI -0.74 to 0.02; p=0.06; 3 studies), but not for other measures of quality of life. No evidence of any effect was found for exercise capacity or FEV1. Psychological therapies appear to be more effective than pharmacological interventions, which have little or no effect to reduce anxiety in COPD pa-tients. However, poor methodological quality and small sample size of studies investigating pharma-cotherapy may be contributing to this discrepancy.

What are the most effective office-based psychological interventions for patients with panic disorder?

What are the most effective office-based psychological interventions for patients with panic disorder?

GW28-e1157 Psychological status and Psychological intervention in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

GW28-e1157 Psychological status and Psychological intervention in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

Brief psychological intervention in patients admitted after acute coronary syndrome: Essential or secondary?

Brief psychological intervention in patients admitted after acute coronary syndrome: Essential or secondary?

The predictive value of early maladaptive schemas in paranoid responses to social stress.

Social stress and negatively valenced cognitive representations of the self (self-schemas) play an important role in the formation of delusions. However, it has not been investigated whether and which self-schemas explain paranoid responses to social stress. Building on the framework of schema theory, the aim of this study was thus to investigate whether more pronounced early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) were associated with increased paranoid ideation after a social stress induction in patients with persecutory delusions (PD). Patients with PD (n=20) and healthy controls (n=40) were assessed for EMSs with the Young Schema Questionnaire. They were then exposed to a social stress situation in which they were socially excluded in a Cyberball paradigm. Prior to and after the social stress induction, paranoid symptoms were assessed. Patients with PD responded with a stronger increase in paranoia and revealed a significantly higher EMS total score compared to the healthy controls. As expected, higher increases in paranoia following the social stress were accounted for by higher EMS total scores. Exploratory analyses showed that particularly the specific EMSs Defectiveness/Shame and Enmeshment/Undeveloped Self were associated with the increase in paranoia. EMSs are associated with stress-related symptom increases in patients with PD. It thus seems worthwhile to further investigate the relevance of specific schemas for paranoia. The findings also suggest that addressing EMSs in psychological treatment of patients with PD holds potential.

摂食障害治療の最近の工夫 : 身体面の治療と心理療法について(摂食障害の治療の進歩,2012年,第53回日本心身医学会総会ならびに学術講演会(鹿児島))

摂食障害治療の最近の工夫 : 身体面の治療と心理療法について(摂食障害の治療の進歩,2012年,第53回日本心身医学会総会ならびに学術講演会(鹿児島))

Análisis de la psicopatología familiar como una herramienta terapéutica en los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria.

&lt;p&gt;The objective of this study is to find out the degree of psychopathology which patients with an eating disorder present (ED) and to which degree this is accompanied by the presence of psychopathology in mothers and fathers of patients. Three groups of patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and a control group were selected. Each group had 30 participants (and mothers and fathers). A socio-demographic questionnaire and the SCL-90-R were applied. This scale measured nine dimensions of psychopathology in patients, mothers and fathers. An ANOVA of partially repeated measures with two factors was applied to each dimension of SCL-90-R. Multiple comparisons between groups within each of the repeated measures were carried out with Sidak test. Patients in three clinical groups obtained significant differences in all psychopathological variables compared with the control group, except in phobic anxiety.These clinical results were accompanied by some degree of psychopathology in mothers but not fathers. The presence of high levels of psychopathology in the three groups of patients and mothers has therapeutic implications that indicate the need for psychological intervention in patients and their mothers.&lt;/p&gt;

Managing cancer and living meaningfully (CALM): A randomized controlled trial of a psychological intervention for patients with advanced cancer.

LBA10001 Background: Patients with advanced cancer experience substantial distress in response to the burden of disease and the challenge of living meaningfully in the face of impending mortality. We developed a novel, brief, manualized psychotherapeutic intervention called CALM designed to alleviate distress and facilitate adjustment in this population. CALM consists of 3-6 individual sessions delivered over 3-6 months and supports exploration in 4 broad domains: 1) symptom management and communication with health care providers; 2) changes in self and relations with close others; 3) sense of meaning and purpose; and 4) the future and mortality. Methods: Patients with advanced cancer were recruited from outpatient clinics at a comprehensive cancer center and randomized to receive either CALM or usual care (UC). Assessments of depressive symptoms (primary outcome), death-related distress and other secondary outcomes were conducted at baseline, 3 (primary endpoint) and 6 months. ANCOVA was used to test for outcome differences between groups at follow-up, controlling for baseline scores. Results: Three hundred and five participants were recruited and randomized (n = 151 CALM; n = 154 UC). Compliance with the intervention was 77.5% and attrition was 28% (16% deceased, 8% lost to follow-up, 4% withdrew). The CALM group reported less severe depressive symptoms compared to UC at 3 (ΔM1-M2 = 1.09, p &lt; 0.04; Cohen’s d = 0.23) and 6 months (ΔM1-M2 = 1.33, p &lt; 0.01; Cohen’s d = 0.29). Other statistically significant findings in psychological well-being and preparation for the end of life at 3- and 6- months also favored CALM vs UC. Conclusions: CALM is an effective intervention for patients with advanced cancer that provides a systematic approach to alleviate distress and to address predictable challenges. Clinical trial information: NCT01506492.

The CIPRUS study, a nurse-led psychological treatment for patients with undifferentiated somatoform disorder in primary care: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundUp to a third of patients presenting medically unexplained physical symptoms in primary care may have a somatoform disorder, of which undifferentiated somatoform disorder (USD) is the most common type. Psychological interventions can reduce symptoms associated with USD and improve functioning. Previous research has either been conducted in secondary care or interventions have been provided by general practitioners (GPs) or psychologists in primary care. As efficiency and cost-effectiveness are imperative in primary care, it is important to investigate whether nurse-led interventions are effective as well. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a short cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based treatment for patients with USD provided by mental health nurse practitioners (MHNPs), compared to usual care.MethodsIn a cluster randomised controlled trial, 212 adult patients with USD will be assigned to the intervention or care as usual. The intervention group will be offered a short, individual CBT-based treatment by the MHNP in addition to usual GP care. The main goal of the intervention is that patients become less impaired by their physical symptoms and cope with symptoms in a more effective way. In six sessions patients will receive problem-solving treatment. The primary outcome is improvement in physical functioning, measured by the physical component summary score of the RAND-36. Secondary outcomes include health-related quality of life measured by the separate subscales of the RAND-36, somatization (PHQ-15) and symptoms of depression and anxiety (HADS). Problem-solving skills, health anxiety, illness perceptions, coping, mastery and working alliance will be assessed as potential mediators. Assessments will be done at 0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 months. An economic evaluation will be conducted from a societal perspective with quality of life as the primary outcome measure assessed by the EQ-5D-5L. Health care, patient and lost productivity costs will be assessed with the Tic-P.DiscussionWe expect that the intervention will improve physical functioning and is cost-effective compared to usual care. If so, more patients might successfully be treated in general practice, decreasing the number of referrals to specialist care.Trial registrationDutch Trial Registry, identifier: NTR4686, Registered on 14 July 2014.

Reasons for acute psychiatric admissions and psychological interventions for patients with borderline personality disorder

IntroductionNICE guidelines advise to consider admission for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) for the management of crises involving significant risk to self or others. Furthermore, to consider structured psychological interventions of greater than three months’ duration and twice-weekly sessions according to patients’ needs and wishes.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess reasons for admission and access to psychological interventions in an acute inpatient BPD population.MethodsCase notes of patients with a diagnosis of BPD (ICD-10 F60.3 and F60.31), discharged from four acute general adult wards in Sheffield during a period of twelve months were studied retrospectively, using a structured questionnaire based on BPD NICE guidance.ResultsOf the 83 identified BPD patients, seventy-eight percent were female and 82% between 16–45 years old. Eleven patients had four or more admissions. Eighty percent reported suicidal ideation at admission, with 50% having acted on it (70% by overdose, 50% cutting, 10% hanging). Of this cohort, 58% reported they intended to die. Psychosocial factors at admission were identified in 59 cases, including relationship breakdown (47.5%), alcohol/drug use (30.5%) and accommodation issues (17%). Disturbed/aggressive behaviour was documented in 27.1% of these cases. Sixty-eight percent of patients had psychology input in the 5 years preadmission: 38% (21 patients) received structured therapy, whilst 62% received only one assessment or advise to teams.ConclusionsPatients were mainly admitted for risk management. A high proportion received unstructured psychological interventions. Services offering structured psychological interventions should be supported, as hospitalisations only temporarily address BPD patients’ suicidality and psychosocial difficulties.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Comparative study of personality and coping styles in unipolar depression and bipolar depression patients

Objective To provide the foundation of individual psychological interventions for patients with mood disorders in future clinical work, we investigate the differences of personalities and coping styles between unipolar depression and bipolar depression patients. Methods A number of 30 patients with unipolar depression (including depressive episode and recurrent depression) and 30 patients with bipolar depression were estimated using Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI) and coping style questionnaire (CSQ) . Results The MMPI scores of factor D and Si in patients with unipolar depression were significantly higher than those in patients with bipolar depression (P<0.01) . The differences of the MMPI scores of Hs, D, Hy, Pt, Sc factors between two groups were higher than critical score of Chinese norm (60) . The CSQ score of remorse factor in patients with unipolar depression was significantly higher than that in patients with bipolar depression (P<0.01) . The differences in the CSQ scores of retreat and recourse factors between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusions Patients with unipolar depression are diffidence, suspicious, solitary, annoyed, oversensitive, depressive, apathetic, pessimism, keeping distance in communication, afraid of emotional close and losing self-control. They have poor coping style and prefer to solve problem in a self-condemned way instead of an active way such as turning to for help. Key words: Depressive disorder; Bipolar disorder; Personality; Coping style; Comparative study

The application of case management based WeChat platform in the psychological intervention of patients with laryngeal cancer

Objective To explore the significance of case managers using WeChat platform in the treatment process and extended care for patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods From November 2014 to May 2015, 30 patients with partial resection or total resection of laryngeal cancer in the department of head and neck surgery were selected as a research subjects.Case managers provided fully supports, such as establishing WeChat group, replying online consultations, popularizing health education knowledge, providing psychological counselings.Psychological assessment of the patients was conducted by social support scale(SSRS) and anxiety scale(SAS) in the beginning of case management.Results comparison was performed before and after three months intervention. Results The score of subjective support of patients before intervention was (25.13±4.81)points, which after intervention was (28.33±4.41)points.The score of support availability before intervention was (7.20±1.99)points, which after intervention was (35.27±5.90)points.The differences were statistically significant(t=-2.685, -5.280, 2.917, all P<0.05). Conclusion The WeChat platform mediated by the case management is effective in the management of the psychological health of patients with laryngeal cancer, which can effectively promote the rehabilitation of patients. Key words: Laryngeal neoplasms; Clinical governance; Patient care planning; WeChat platform

Применение релаксационного биоуправления в лечении и реабилитации пациентов с заболеванием голосового аппарата

The article deals with the psychological treatment of patients with voice disorders using the latest computer technology psychotherapy. The paper describes a method of psychological treatment based on biofeedback relaxation. The data on the dynamics of changes in physiological parameters, psycho-emotional background, as well as the state of the voice functions, taking into account the treatment. It describes the techniques and methods of work on the unit. On the basis of the data evaluated the effectiveness of this method in rehabilitation of voice function in patients with voice disorders. Substantiates the proposition that biofeedback relaxation is highly effective and non-invasive method of treatment and health effects in the treatment and rehabilitation of diseases of the vocal apparatus, helping to reduce the level of anxiety, psychosocial stress, as well as increase the level of vitality. Using biorelaxation technology can increase stress levels and ensures the production of constructive behavior strategies in stress situations. Relaxing biofeedback helps to reduce muscle tension and raising the level of skin temperature as autonomic response of the patients at the beginning and end of the training differed significantly, and the vegetative balance towards the end of the course was shifted toward parasympathetic reactions.

Dyspepsia and Associated Risk Factors at Yirga Cheffe Primary Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Dyspepsia is a common symptom of gastrointestinal disease with global distribution. The prevalence of this disorder varies between 3% and 40%. Dyspeptic symptoms account 10% of hospital admissions in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the contributing factors for dyspepsia at Yirga cheffe primary hospital, Southern Ethiopia.: A case control study design was conducted between July 6, 2016 and August 10, 2016 on a total of 168 patients at Yirga cheffe primary hospital, South Ethiopia. The Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) stool antigen test was used to analyze the stool samples and a face to face interview was taken to assess other contributing factors for the infection. Ethical clearance and informed consents was obtained before data collection. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratio (adjusted with 95% confidence interval) of positive responses to the different risk factors. Comparisons between groups were assessed with chi-square test and a P-value of 0.05). Thus, early diagnosis of H. pylori, psychological treatment of patients and food habit of the individuals should give attention to prevent and control Dyspepsia even though additional studies need to be conducted.