Psychological Characteristics Research Articles

Psychological features of amateur volleyball teams: theoretical analysis of modern research

Psychological features of amateur volleyball teams: theoretical analysis of modern research

Retraction: Analysis of psychological characteristics and emotional expression based on deep learning in higher vocational music education

Retraction: Analysis of psychological characteristics and emotional expression based on deep learning in higher vocational music education

Female Characters in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Novels in Interpretation of Vyacheslav Ivanov

The article analyzes the works of Vyacheslav Ivanov on Fyodor Dostoevsky. Using the material from the book “Dostoevsky: Tragedy — Myth — Mysticism” (1932), the research principles and interpretive strategies implemented by Vyacheslav Ivanov in interpreting the female characters in Dostoevsky’s novels “Crime and Punishment,” “The Devils,” and “The Idiot” are identified. It is shown that Ivanov’s conception of the artistic features of characters such as Sonya Marmeladova, Alena Ivanovna, Maria Timofeevna, and Nastasya Filippovna are revealed in the context of the “main myth” of the works. The mythopoetic and functional aspects are highlighted as the most significant in Ivanov’s interpretations of the female characters. Additionally, it is argued that the psychological and spiritual characteristics of the heroines are not overlooked by the hermeneutist, as understanding the nuances of their inner world was necessary for him to reveal the mythopoetic functions. Through Ivanov’s interpretations of Dostoevsky’s female characters, it becomes evident that the poet-thinker’s approach to the writer’s works represents a synthesis of philosophical conceptualization and historical-literary perspective.

Rehabilitation potential in patients with prostate cancer: psychological aspect

Objective. To determine a list of psychological characteristics associated with the prognosis of prostate cancer outcome and rehabilitation potential in patients with cancer. Materials and methods. The study of psychological characteristics (subjective and personal characteristics of study participants (n = 148)) associated with rehabilitation potential was carried out using the following psychological methods: Methodology of Subjective Control Level (E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind), Questionnaire of ways to cope (adapted by T.L. Kryukova, E.V. Kuftyak, M.S. Zamyshlyaeva), Questionnaire SF-36 “Assessment of the quality of life”, Test of vitality (adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova), Basic Beliefs Scale (adapted by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova). Results. A favorable prognosis for the outcome of prostate cancer is associated with the patient`s involvement in the events of his life and active participation in them, understanding of the significance of the problem, partial independence from others, slight limitation of role functioning due to the emotional state, optimal social functioning in combination with beliefs about the benevolence of the world around him and ability to control events. Conclusions. A list of psychological characteristics associated with the course of the disease in patients with prostate cancer was obtained. These psychological characteristics can define the rehabilitation potential, being associated with the possibilities of recovery after antitumor treatment.

Педагогический потенциал дидактической игры как средства погружения студентов вуза в события страны изучаемого языка

The purpose of the research is to reveal the pedagogical possibilities of didactic games as an effective tool that allows to purposefully stimulate cognitive, linguistic and multicultural interests of law students in a foreign language as a factor of business communication and interpersonal communication of citizens of the world community. The scientific novelty of the article is that the didactic game as a pedagogical tool is considered from the standpoint of pedagogical theory; the complex influence of game activity on the personal development of students when immersing them in the socio-political events of the country is proved; the author's definition of the pedagogical potential of the game is given, emphasizing its developing and educational nature in combination with a foreign language culture. The article presents pedagogical experience on the productive use of the game taking into account the knowledge of the specifics of linguistics and geopolitics, as well as the individual psychological and age characteristics of students of the International Law Faculty of the All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. As a result, the positive consequences of the didactic game for the personal development of students who participate in game activities in foreign language classes were identified and described: an increase in the level of their thinking, motivation, variety of interests and creative abilities was revealed.

Prevention at home in older persons with (pre-)frailty: analysis of participants’ recruitment and characteristics of the randomized controlled PromeTheus trial

BackgroundThe “PromeTheus” trial is evaluating a home-based, multifactorial, interdisciplinary prevention program for community-dwelling (pre-)frail older adults. These individuals often suffer from reduced participation, which can complicate the recruitment and enrollment in a clinical trial.AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate different recruitment strategies and differences in participant characteristics in relation to these strategies.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used baseline data from the randomized-controlled PromeTheus trial, in which community-dwelling (pre-)frail older persons (Clinical Frailty Scale [CFS] 4–6 pt., ≥ 70 years) were recruited via general practitioners (“GP recruitment”) or flyers, newspaper articles, and personalized letters (“direct recruitment”). Differences in the sociodemographic, clinical, physical, functional, mobility-related, psychological and social characteristics were analyzed in relation to the recruitment strategy.ResultsA total of 385 participants (mean age = 81.2, SD 5.9 years; women: n = 283, 73.5%) were enrolled, of which 60 (16%) were recruited by GPs and 325 (84%) through direct recruitment. Participants recruited via GPs had significantly higher subjective frailty levels (CFS), were more often physically frail (Fried Frailty Phenotype), and showed lower physical capacity (Short Physical Performance Battery), participation (disability component of the short version of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument), and life-space mobility (Life-Space Assessment) compared to those recruited via the direct approach (p = 0.002–0.026). Costs per randomized participant were 94€ for the GP recruitment strategy and €213 for the direct recruitment strategy.ConclusionDifferent strategies may be required to successfully recruit (pre-)frail home-living older adults into preventive programs. Direct recruitment strategies, in which potential participants are directly informed about the prevention program, seem to be more promising than GP recruitment but may result in enrolment of persons with less functional impairment and higher recruitment costs.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00024638. Registered on March 11, 2021.

Проявления латентного цифрового экстремизма в молодежной среде

The article deals with the psychological aspects of ensuring the safety of minors from their involvement in extremist activities in the modern world. The age-related psychological characteristics of the personality of minors, as well as the conditions in which their life values, attitudes and worldview in general are formed, are systematically and comprehensively considered. The central problem discussed in the work is latent extremism, which is formed and spread through the means of modern communication technologies. The main conductor of the spread of extremist ideas for young people in general and minors in particular is the Internet with its ability to exchange information and have an indirect impact on the psyche. The role of latent extremism in the formation of a proto-extremist environment, which is the previous stage in the formation of a full-fledged extremist criminal environment, is noted.

A quasi-experimental study to assess the impact of green gardens on elderly anxiety: A socio-ecological perspective

ABSTRACT By 2050, it’s projected that the elderly population will make up approximately 14% of the global populace. United Nations forecasts indicate a notable increase in the average age of Iran’s population, expected to rise from 29.5%–49.4% by 2100, presenting significant societal and environmental challenges for the future. Given this demographic shift, addressing the implications of an aging population in Iran is paramount, underscoring the necessity for a socio-ecological approach. This experimental study seeks to explore the effects of green gardens on the mental well-being of the elderly, employing practical experience and a socio-ecological perspective. The study cohort consisted of elderly individuals residing in eldercare facilities in Kermanshah city, located in western Iran. Utilizing a purposive sampling method, 80 individuals were carefully selected and included in the study. Participants were then randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40), ensuring demographic homogeneity. Adopting a quasi-experimental research design with pre-test/posttest measures and a control group, data were gathered through the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) questionnaire. The results revealed statistically significant differences in anxiety variables—cognitive (p < .01, d = 0.78), arousal (p < .01, d = 1.64), and somatic (p < .01, d = 0.85) aspects—both before and after the implementation of green garden initiatives in eldercare facilities among the experimental group. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in these variables within the control group before and after the intervention. The practical application of the socio-ecological approach has the potential to strengthen the connection between the elderly and their environment, leading to substantial changes in human resources concerning psychological characteristics and contributing to the development of green spaces in urban areas. This research provides valuable insights into addressing the health and well-being of the aging population through socio-ecological interventions. Furthermore, this study has practical and theoretical implications by addressing urban agriculture practices. Overall, this study contributes to urban agriculture practice on one hand and has a significant impact on the health of the elderly on the other hand.

PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING ADULTS – STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Introduction. At present, understanding the psychological and social aspects of personality development among adolescents aged 17-21 is crucial. By this age, most have completed secondary education, with many continuing their studies at higher educational institutions. However, junior students often face challenges related to psychological maturity, readiness for independent work, and adaptation to the academic environment, leading to maladaptation and stress resistance issues. This study aims to investigate the key psychological characteristics of older adolescents to enhance their effectiveness in higher education. Materials and Methods. A thorough analysis of the main psychological traits of older adolescents in higher educational institutions was conducted based on data from recent domestic and international literature. Results. This study identified several psychological factors that influence the academic productivity and adaptation of older adolescent students in higher education. Some factors contribute to their success, such as adaptability to new social groups and recognition by peers and faculty. However, other factors can hinder or even prevent these processes for certain groups of students. Conclusion. Older adolescents demonstrate a deepening of their individual development compared to earlier stages. However, first-year students often exhibit traits of psychological immaturity and partial instability. Understanding these psychological characteristics is essential for effectively supporting and guiding older adolescents in their educational journey.

PHENOMENON OF QUALITY OF HUMAN MENTAL HEALTH

In the given article the issue of human mental health is observed. Methods of determining the qualitative characteristics of personal and social mental health are described. In particular, attention is paid to the psychological qualities of mental health and resistance to environmental influences. Psychological qualities, a high-level development of which ensures an adequate level of mental health quality and resistance to influences of the environment. A level of mental health this considered as a consequence of a complex of individual, social and structural sources of stress and vulnerability factors. The most important characteristics of the subject area of a mental health quality category are considered, differentiated by the main matrix levels – installation, identification, structural and substantive, technological, instrumental methodological and systemic. The meta-model of social psychotherapy is given. Mental health is measured by a state of mental well-being, a person’s full-fledged psychological activity, expressed in mood, well-being and human activity. Strengthening mental health includes a person’s emotional and physical aspects, full-fledged development at all stages of his life cycle, a high-level development of higher mental functions (perception, memory, thinking, imagination, etc.)

The influence of rhythmic gymnastics on the mobile readiness of older preschool children

Preschool age is the most favorable period for the development of a child's personality, physical and motor qualities. One of the tasks of working with children of older preschool age is to prepare them for a successful transition to systematic, organized schooling. Children's readiness for schooling determines the set of morphophysiological and psychological characteristics of children of older preschool age. Children's physical and motor readiness for learning characterizes their functional capabilities and state of health. One of the main indicators of children's physical and motor readiness for learning is the level of development of physical qualities and the technique of performing motor actions. The goal is to determine the influence of artistic gymnastics on the level of motor readiness of children 5-6 years old. Material and methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature and Internet resources, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. The study was conducted on the basis of preschool education institutions No. 355 and No. 123. 80 children of the control and experimental groups, 40 each, took part in the study. Research results. The initial level of motor readiness of almost half of the children in both the control and experimental groups was at a low level. After the experiment, the percentage increase in motor readiness was significantly better (p&lt;0.05) in the experimental group (13.9%) than in the control group (5.6%). Thus, the indicators in the experimental group increased from a low level to the average in 10.0% of children, and in the control group this indicator was 12.5%. On the other hand, 12.5% of children from the experimental group increased their indicators from average to high levels, while only 5.0% of children from the control group.

Development of leadership qualities in athletes by means of physical education

The article raises the important issue of developing leadership qualities in athletes through physical education. It is emphasized that modern athletes must be able to make decisions, take responsibility, properly interact and communicate with other athletes, coaches, referees, work in a team and demonstrate leadership qualities. It is determined that a leader is a member of a group who has the necessary organizational skills, plays a central role in the structure of interpersonal relationships in the team and contributes to the organization and management of the group to achieve its goals. It is substantiated that the leadership qualities of a personality are manifested in the personal qualities that ensure effective leadership, namely: individual-personal and socio-psychological characteristics of a personality that influence the group and lead to the achievement of a common goal. It is emphasized that in order for the process of developing leadership qualities in athletes to be effective, the coach should work in tandem with a psychologist. The joint work of a coach and a psychologist can ensure the development of: individual psychological qualities of athletes, communicative and creative qualities, organizational and business qualities, social and group qualities. It is concluded that the state of development of the problem of leadership and development of leadership qualities in sportsmen by means of physical education has an insufficient level of research on this issue. The development of leadership qualities in athletes helps them to develop the ability to analyze their own strengths and weaknesses, set personal and professional goals and achieve them. Conducting leadership training, involving young people in decision-making, and implementing leadership education programs prepares athletes for leadership. Prospect for further research is the development and testing of a training program for the development of leadership qualities in athletes through physical education.

Investigation of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Coping Strategies in Turkish Adults under Probation

Purpose. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships of early maladaptive schemas, overcompensation, and avoidant behaviors with sociodemographic, psychological, legal, and substance use status of individuals under probation due to illicit substance use. Methods. The data of this cross-sectional study were collected from adults under probation through self-report. The dependent variables were early maladaptive schemas, overcompensation, and avoidant behaviors. Sociodemographic, legal, and psychological characteristics and characteristics related to illicit substance use were the independent variables of the study. Student-t test and ANOVA or Mann–Whitney-U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used in bivariate analyses. Multiple linear regression analysis was used in multivariate analyses. Results. A total of 300 adult individuals under probation participated in the study, and the inclusion rate was 93.5%. The mean age of the study group was 27.96 ± 6.40 years. The amount of smoking (B = 0.65 (95% CI: 0.04–1.27), p=0.038), frequency of illicit substance use (B = 12.15 (95% CI: 2.04–22.25), p=0.019), and childhood violence (B = 29.24 (95% CI: 16.92–41.56), p&lt;0.001) were explanatory for schema scores (R2: 0.240). Frequency of illicit substance use (B = 7.06 (95% CI: 0.58–13.54), p=0.033) and childhood violence (B = 9.18 (95% CI: 1.36–17.00), p=0.022) were explanatory for compensation scores (R2: 0.083). The amount of smoking (B = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.22–0.76), p=0.001), frequency of illicit substance use (B = 5.16 (95% CI: 0.67–9.65), p=0.025), being treated for substance use disorder (B = 6.74 (95% CI: 0.30–13.17), p=0.040), and experiencing violence in childhood (B = 6.02 (95% CI: 0.59–11.45), p=0.030) were explanatory for avoidant scores (R2:0.169). Conclusion. Childhood violence and frequency of illicit substance use were associated with early maladaptive schemas, overcompensation, and avoidance. Smoking appears to be a behavioral way of coping with both early maladaptive schemas and schemas through avoidance.

Exploring the Influence of Emotional Competence on Humor Styles and Personality Traits

This research aims to uncover the complexities of the dynamics that regulate human behavior and connection with others by investigating the relationships between humor styles, emotional competence, and personality factors. Using a wide range of literature review and empirical research, this study examines how individuals' humor styles, defined by their tendency to affiliate, self-enhance, be aggressive, or dislike themselves, interact with emotional competence and personality characteristics. As a transdisciplinary construct, humor provides various psychological functions and shapes people's emotional experiences and social relationships. The affiliative style, which uses humor to strengthen social ties and relieve tension, has been linked to increased emotional intelligence and extraversion. Conversely, aggressive humor, which includes sarcasm and derision, is associated with weaker emotional competence and greater degrees of neuroticism. Emotional competence, which provides for emotional awareness, management, and expression, is critical in balancing the impacts of various humor styles on psychological well-being and interpersonal interactions. Individuals with greater emotional competence prefer to use adaptive humor styles, which promote good emotions and social cohesiveness. In contrast, individuals with lower emotional competence may use maladaptive methods, such as self-defeating humor, as a coping strategy. Furthermore, psychological qualities like extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience influence people's humor preferences and usage habits. Extraverts, for example, are likelier to engage in affiliative humor, whereas neurotic persons may use self-defeating humor as a defense strategy. This study adds to a better understanding of human behavior by illuminating the interaction between humor styles, emotional competence, and personality factors. It also gives insights into how to promote psychological well-being and efficient interpersonal communication.”

Реализация междисциплинарного подхода в психолого-педагогическом сопровождении детей, нуждающихся в длительном лечении в медицинских стационарах

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;This article is aimed at updating the specifics of implementing an interdisciplinary approach in psychological and pedagogical support for children in need of long-term treatment in medical hospitals. The publication describes the importance and possibilities of team interaction between specialists of helping professions in providing psychological and pedagogical support for children in need of long-term treatment with chronic somatic diseases. To implement an interdisciplinary approach, it was found that it is important to take into account the special needs of children in need of long-term treatment, their psychological and social characteristics. An approach to determining the current emotional state, higher mental functions, and personal characteristics of young patients studying in hospital schools is presented. Based on identified current needs, a comprehensive system of pedagogical rehabilitation and psychological and pedagogical support in a hospital school was formed, and the specifics of correctional and developmental, educational, advisory and preventive work of employees of the psychological and pedagogical support service were determined.&lt;/p&gt;

The motivation of employees and their intention to work in the Greek tourism sector

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the motives that drive individuals' intentions to work within firms operating in the Greek tourism sector and to examine the impact of these motives on the intention to work.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this objective, we conducted an empirical survey among 2,104 individuals with professional experience in the tourism business. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis were employed, with motives as independent variables and the intention to work as the dependent construct, to answer the research question.FindingsThis study presents job motivation as a hierarchical set of criteria that need to be fulfilled or satisfied. It also identifies the significant motives impacting employees' intention to work in both the accommodation sector and food and beverage services.Research limitations/implicationsThe data were collected at a single point in time from Greece, which may limit the generalizability of our results. Future research could consider the psychological and physiological characteristics of employees.Practical implicationsManagers who provide social security, create a positive work environment, and promote collaboration among their employees can enhance the quality of work-life and positively influence their intention to work.Originality/valueThe proposed model offers valuable guidelines that advance research on employee motivation in the tourism industry.

Associations of clinical, psychological, and sociodemographic characteristics and ecological momentary assessment completion in the 10-week Hypo-METRICS study: Hypoglycaemia MEasurements ThResholds and ImpaCtS.

Reporting of hypoglycaemia and its impact in clinical studies is often retrospective and subject to recall bias. We developed the Hypo-METRICS app to measure the daily physical, psychological, and social impact of hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes in real-time using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). To help assess its utility, we aimed to determine Hypo-METRICS app completion rates and factors associated with completion. Adults with diabetes recruited into the Hypo-METRICS study were given validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at baseline. Over 10 weeks, they wore a blinded continuous glucose monitor (CGM), and were asked to complete three daily EMAs about hypoglycaemia and aspects of daily functioning, and two weekly sleep and productivity PROMs on the bespoke Hypo-METRICS app. We conducted linear regression to determine factors associated with app engagement, assessed by EMA and PROM completion rates and CGM metrics. In 602 participants (55% men; 54% type 2 diabetes; median(IQR) age 56 (45-66) years; diabetes duration 19 (11-27) years; HbA1c 57 (51-65) mmol/mol), median(IQR) overall app completion rate was 91 (84-96)%, ranging from 90 (81-96)%, 89 (80-94)% and 94(87-97)% for morning, afternoon and evening check-ins, respectively. Older age, routine CGM use, greater time below 3.0 mmol/L, and active sensor time were positively associated with app completion. High app completion across all app domains and participant characteristics indicates the Hypo-METRICS app is an acceptable research tool for collecting detailed data on hypoglycaemia frequency and impact in real-time.

Quality Evaluation of College Students' Sports Work Based on Intellectual or Intuitive Fuzzy Information in Language

Numerous factors influence college students' athletic behaviour and psychological qualities such as sports learning interest, autonomy support in sports play important roles in forming their participation in sports activities. The study used acceptable research methodologies to analyse effect of sports learning interest, autonomy support in sports on college students' sports behaviour, specifically their physical activity levels. In this research work, Quality Evaluation of College Students' Sports Work Based on Intellectual or Intuitive Fuzzy Information in Language (QECSSW-IGNN-QCTO) is proposed. The input data are collected from College student data from Sichuan University. Then, the input data are pre-processed using Adaptive-Noise Augmented Kalman Filter (ANAKF) for finding missing data and cleaning the duplicate data. Then the pre-processed data are given to Iso-Geometric Neural Network (IGNN) for evaluating the quality of college students sports work (sports exercise grade). In general, IGNN doesn’t express some adoption of optimization approaches for determining optimal parameters to evaluating the quality of college students’ sports work. Hence QCTO is proposed to optimize IGNN classifier which precisely evaluates the quality of college student’s sports work. The proposed QECSSW-IGNN-QCTO method is implemented in Python, and it assessed with several performance metrics like, Accuracy, Cross validation scores, Recall, F1 score, and ROC. The results show QECSSW-IGNN-QCTO attains 23.4%, 28.3%, and 22.6% higher Accuracy, 25.9%, 17.6%, and 29.4% lower Cross validation scores, 24.6%, 27.5%, and 18.7% higher Recall are analysed with existing methods such as, prediction method of college students’ sports behaviour depend on machine learning method (PMC-SSB-MLM), Designing and implementing an innovative sports training system for college students' mental health education (DII-STSC-SMHE), The effect of sports science students' online learning attitudes on their readiness to learn online in emerging coronavirus pandemic (ESS-SOLA-ECP) methods respectively.

The problem of domestic violence: issues of theory and practice

The article is devoted to the problem of understanding domestic violence in the legal system of the modern state. Risk factors for domestic and family violence are examined, including individual characteristics, relationship problems, and community and societal influences. Individual factors include the psychological and physical characteristics of victims and perpetrators, which may include problems with emotion regulation, low self-esteem, and childhood trauma. Also, sexual orientation and gender identity can influence the risk of becoming a victim or a perpetrator. It is reasoned that domestic violence has serious consequences for victims, their families and society as a whole. It can lead to injuries, psychological and emotional problems, destroy relationships, disrupt the development of children and reduce the productivity and efficiency of society. Domestic violence is becoming a global problem that crosses cultural and geographic boundaries, and the level of its prevalence can vary depending on the socio-cultural and economic context. Also important is the role of economic factors, such as unemployment and economic hardship, which can increase family tension and contribute to violence. It was also found that at the community level, lack of access to psychological and legal aid services, as well as lack of education about rights and opportunities to leave violent relationships can complicate the situation for victims. In addition, cultural stereotypes and norms that condone or normalize violence may also support this problematic pattern. At the same time, research must be carried out taking into account the diversity of cultural, social and economic contexts, since approaches to solving the problem may differ depending on specific conditions. Special attention should also be paid to the support of victims of domestic violence, their access to safe places of refuge, legal aid and psychological support. Increasing public awareness and educational initiatives about the issue can also help increase awareness and support in the fight against domestic violence.

The phenomenon of psychological reliability of the testimony of a minor participant in criminal proceedings

This article provides a justification for the insolvency of the phenomenon of psychological reliability of the testimony of a minor participant in criminal proceedings in the light of current legislation and the existing level of scientific development. The study contains an analysis of the proposed concepts of psychological reliability, as well as foreign experience in their application.The main reason for the illegality of the appointment and production of expert examinations of the reliability of the testimony of minors is that the expert is not classified by the criminal procedure law as a subject of evidence assessment. In addition, the results of investigative actions cannot be the subject of expertise within the meaning of the norms of Federal Law No. 73-FZ “On State Forensic expertise in the Russian Federation”.The conclusions based on the results of the reliability examinations cannot be called justified due to the lack of a sufficiently developed scientific and practical base for such studies.The authors present a legally acceptable and effective form of using special knowledge in the process of forming, using and evaluating the testimony of juvenile participants in criminal proceedings. It is proposed to identify the individual psychological characteristics of a minor through expert research in order to further take these results into account by appropriate assessment subjects when deciding on reliability.