Psychological Personality Characteristics Research Articles

Persistence, not avoidance, is associated with low back pain-An observational cohort study.

Low back pain (LBP) is increasingly understood as a long-lasting condition with a variable course. Avoidance and persistence behaviour have been described to mediate pain persistence by potentially linking psychosocial factors and biomechanics. The resulting maladaptive changes in musculoskeletal structures can result in movement control impairment (MCI). This investigation aimed to observe avoidance and persistence behaviour and MCI in participants with acute LBP over 1 year and explore their association with pain persistence. In this observational cohort study, 165 participants were assessed at five time points: ≤ 1 month (baseline), 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after the onset of acute LBP. Simultaneously collected clinical data such as self-reported outcomes at baseline for avoidance and persistence and assessments of MCI were filled in linear mixed-effects regression models. The mixed-effects analysis revealed for the adjusted model that a one-point increase in persistence scores resulted in a 3.31-point increase in pain intensity while interacting with state anxiety over time (p = 0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.07-6.07). This effect was not found for avoidance behaviour at baseline (p = 0.21) and MCI. The relationship between persistence and pain intensity throughout measurement suggests that continuing usual activities beyond pain, coupled with feelings of distress, may lead to persistent LBP. These results underscore the need for a therapeutic shift toward a multidimensional approach that considers the physical and psychological characteristics of persons with LBP. Screening for activity patterns in acute LBP is critical for providing tailored treatment and counselling. In acute low back pain (LBP), maintaining usual activities despite pain and distress can contribute to the continuation of LBP. Alongside a multidimensional approach that considers physical and psychological factors, attitudes toward daily activities are also important. Screening for both maladaptive and adaptive activity patterns in individuals with acute LBP is essential for effective LBP management, improving patient outcomes, and preventing persistent pain.

Insights into psychological characteristics of persons (not) agreeing to use an e-coach-application to reduce elevated Internet Use Disorder tendencies

The present work aims to shed light on the question of whether certain psychological characteristics go along with choosing an e-coach offer to support healthy Internet use when reporting elevated Internet Use Disorder (IUD) tendencies. Data were from a large-scale stepped care approach study to treat persons with varying degrees of IUD tendencies. Recruitment for advertising the download of a smartphone app included social media, videos by influencers, paid ads, TV, radio, newspapers, workshops, and vocational schools. We contrasted a final sample of 184 declining, 907 agreeing, and 216 agreeing but not providing follow-up details needed to use such an e-coach, as well as 995 who did not explicitly decline or agree to participate (but refrained from using the e-coach). Participants were compared on several study variables, including sociodemographics, mental health, fear of missing out, personality, perceived stress, and IUD tendencies. Interestingly, we observed only two significant findings when contrasting the aforementioned groups using ANOVA. First, the group not agreeing to use the e-coach was associated with the lowest IUD tendencies and highest conscientiousness scores. Second, agreeing to use the e-coach was associated with older age. Further significant differences could be observed, but in general the accompanying effect sizes were very mild. In sum, the present study findings support the idea that greater subjective burden of IUD might result in more willingness to seek e-help, but also the personality trait of conscientiousness and a person’s age might play a role here.

Analysis of personal psychological characteristics of football coaches as a factor of professional success in sports of higher achievements

The effectiveness of coaching depends on many factors. As is known, a successful coach is a person with a high level of multidisciplinary knowledge, an appropriate personal psychological profile and the ability to perform a wide range of functional responsibilities: from team recruitment to managing the process of sports training and the team. As a result of the rapid commercialization of professional sports in general and football in particular, which has been observed over the past few decades, the structure of football clubs and, accordingly, the role of the head coach have undergone significant changes. Therefore, the subject of analysis in the presented work was the psychological characteristics of the coach in the context of the modern conditions of his professional activity. The basic responsibilities of the coach, which consist of planning, organizing, conducting and monitoring the educational and training process, have been supplemented by functions that are usually attributed to management. Thus, having high-level specialized specialists among his assistants, as well as separate departments responsible for individual areas of ensuring sports training in the team, the coach must be able to effectively use this resource. Formulating adequate goals and objectives, coordinating the work of individual specialists and entire departments, delegating, creating conditions for effective communication of all team members is far from a complete list of tasks facing the head coach of a football team today. Such changes and expansion of the functional responsibilities of the coach have led to the fact that the already considerable importance of the psychological component of the professional profile of the coach has become even greater. In addition to the psychological qualities that ensure the effectiveness of the coach as a teacher, he must possess and successfully demonstrate a number of leadership qualities, which determines the quality of his performance of management functions.

The influence of psychological characteristics of a personality on the tactics of forensic psychiatric examination

The article examines the influence of psychological characteristics of a personality on the tactics of forensic psychiatric examination. A forensic psychiatric examination is a comprehensive study of a person’s mental state, which is carried out with the aim of establishing the person’s ability to bear responsibility for his or her actions. The results of the examination may have a significant impact on the course of criminal proceedings and the determination of the penalty. In addition to the mental disorder, the results of the examination may also be influenced by the psychological characteristics of the defendant's personality. Psychological features of a person are stable individual psychological characteristics that determine a person’s behaviour in different situations. They include such properties as temperament, character, emotionality, will, personality orientation, intelligence, value orientations, etc. These characteristics can affect how the defendant perceives the examination situation, how he or she behaves with the expert, how he or she answers questions, and how he or she assesses his or her own mental state. Understanding the psychological characteristics of the defendant's personality allows the expert to: optimise the examination methodology, i.e. the choice of research methods and tactics of interviewing the defendant depends on his/her psychological characteristics; increase the objectivity and reliability of expert opinions, i.e. the expert must take into account the possible influence of psychological characteristics on the defendant's behaviour and answers; avoid mistakes and bias in the examination (the expert must be objective and impartial). Psychological characteristics of a person are not static, they can change over time under the influence of various factors. Therefore, the expert must take into account not only the stable psychological characteristics of the defendant, but also his or her current emotional state. The study of psychological characteristics of a personality and their impact on the tactics of forensic psychiatric examination is important for improving the quality of examinations. Understanding these features allows the expert to assess the defendant’s mental state more objectively and reliably.

Assessment of psychological personality traits in transgender groups using the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory.

To explore the psychological personality characteristics of transgender groups and to determine whether these characteristics differ according to sociodemographic factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2021 and April 2023 at a psychosexual outpatient clinic in a psychiatric hospital in Beijing, China. In total, 481 individuals were included in this study, and demographic information was collected using a self-administered general questionnaire. Psychological personality traits were assessed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The mean scores of the assigned male at birth (AMAB) group were significantly higher than those of the male controls for all 10 clinical factors of the MMPI (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001). The scores for both the Masculinity-femininity (Mf) and Depression (D) factors in the AMABs group exceeded the clinical threshold (T > 60) and were the highest and second-highest scores on the entire scale, respectively. Individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB) had significantly higher scores than female controls for Hysteria (Hy), Psychopathic Deviate (Pd), and Hypomania (Ma) (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). There were significant differences in the rates of abnormal values for the various factors of the MMPI (T > 60) according to gender, age, and education (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). Compared to AFABs, AMABs had higher rates of abnormal scores (T > 60) on the Hypochondriasis (Hs), D, Hy, Mf, Paranoia (Pa), Psychasthenia (Pt), Schizophrenia (Sc), and Social Introversion (Si) scales (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). Second, the transgender group aged ≤25 years had higher rates of abnormal scores (T > 60) on the Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, and Ma scales (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). Finally, outliers (T > 60) for the Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt, Ma, and Si factors were more prevalent among those with a primary to high school level of education (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively). Assigned male at births may have a variety of psychological vulnerabilities, and there is a need to focus especially on those with a primary to high school level of education, those aged ≤25 years, and transgender females.

Interrelations of phantom ringing related anxiety and personal self-esteem in undergraduate university students

IntroductionManifestations of phantom ringing syndrome are widely seen in healthy population. Are there any interrelations between this phenomenon and personal psychological characteristics that are connected with the level of their mental health?ObjectivesTo determine the specificity of interrelations of phantom ringing syndrome related anxiety and personal self-esteem in university studentsMethodsThe anonymous survey covered 546 undergraduate university students. The questions were centered on the students’ patterns of their personal smartphone use.Results The research showed that manifestations of phantom ringing syndrome is available in 189 students, or in every third student (34.6%), who use mobile phones. It is equally represented in males (49.7%) and females (50.2). Clinically, it is characterized by a higher level of anxiety, which reliably correlates (p&lt;0.01) with the level of stress (r=.17), level of nervousness caused by absence of a mobile phone (r=.18), the frequency of headache (r=.15), the frequency of medication consumption related to chronic somatic disease (r=.15). We also established valid negative interrelations between the level of phantom ringing syndrome related anxiety and the personal self-esteem based on the parameters of religious belief (r=-.15), personal attractiveness (r=-.16), mind (r=-.17), happiness (r=-.24), liveliness (r=-.25) and well-being (r=-.15). We have not found any proof of valid interrelations with self-assessment of health.ConclusionsThe received results prove that phantom ringing syndrome related anxiety is connected with the personal self-esteem, the level of the perceived stress and some other clinical manifestationsDisclosure of InterestNone Declared

CLINICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DISTRESS IN PERSONS WHO WERE FORCED TO MOVE DUE TO THE WAR

Aim – to investigate and study the clinical and psychological characteristics of persons who were forced to move due to the war in 2022 to provide recommendations for medical and psychological care and support.Material and methods. Diagnostic interviews used in the study are based on screening methods for assessing mental status, in particular depression, anxiety states, the impact of traumatic events, and assessment of psycho-emotional distress in work and everyday activities. The study was supplemented with the SCL-90-R method, which contributed to a better generalization of data on the mental state, and the AAQ-II method, which made it possible to assess the tendency to emotional avoidance as a mechanism of mental adaptation disorders.Results. The presence of clinically significant anxiety-depressive symptoms associated with the impact of traumatic events and causing psycho-emotional distress in everyday life has been demonstrated. Predictor factors determining distress and psychosocial functioning in various areas are described and can be used as targets for medical and psychological interventions. An analysis of gender differences is presented.Conclusions. The main predictors of distress in work and everyday activities were found to be the impact of traumatic experience, tendency to emotional avoidance, and symptoms of depressive states. Men prevailed in the level of distress in significant areas related to work and household maintenance. Medical-psychological interventions for the development of conscious strategies for coping with distress and overcoming emotional avoidance are promising for further research and clinical practice.

Профилактика вандального поведения обучающихся в образовательной среде

Introduction. Within the research, the concepts of “vandalism” and “vandal behavior” were considered, and the psychological characteristics of personality determining vandal actions among adolescents were identified. The authors emphasise the destructive consequences of these actions, but their motives and content may differ significantly. Special attention is paid to the problems of the spread of vandal behaviour in the youth environment (the environment of students). The results of theoretical analysis show that in modern practice there is a shortage of vandalism prevention programmes, which is considered as the issue of the research. Methods. The research involved 354 schoolchildren from 8 federal subjects of the Russian Federation. The empirical data were collected remotely, using four standardised diagnostic techniques. The obtained data were processed using the methods of mathematical and statistical data analysis (frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, regression analysis). Results. The findings revealed that acts of school vandalism indicate not only shortcomings of the educational environment itself, but can also be a signal of a number of psychological problems among particular students. Thus, preventive work in educational organisations should include prevention of vandalism and take into account typical mechanisms that influence such behaviour among adolescents, such as aggressive behavioural strategies and lack of personal goals in life. Based on the empirical data obtained, the authors identified the main directions of vandalism prevention in the educational environment, clarified and substantiated specific forms of preventive work.

Нравственно-психологические признаки личности в системе детерминант современной преступности

Нравственно-психологические признаки личности в системе детерминант современной преступности

PREVALENCE OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS AFTER BRAIN STROKE

Introduction. WHO experts point to the urgency of the problem of cardiovascular diseases, among which the first places are occupied by cerebral strokes (CS). With CS there are significant changes in the socio-psychological activities of the patient and the personal psychological characteristics of the individual due. Such changes provoke the development of certain psychological disorders, which are characterized by an oppressed state, a persistent depressive state, the development of anxieties and fears, obsessive fixation on the transferred disease and worries about one's future, etc. That's why, the study of psychological characteristics of patients after СS is a relevant problem of great importance, which determined the direction of our research.&#x0D; The aim: To investigate and analyze the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients after CS.&#x0D; Materials and methods. Conducted a randomized controlled single-center prospective study case-control, which is based on the analysis of the results of psychological study of 300 patients after CS (main group) and 200 people of the control group for the period 2022-2023. The studied groups were randomized by age and gender. To study the psychological characteristics of patients after CS, we used two methods of diagnosing psychological conditions: the self-esteem scale of Spielberg Ch. D. and Khanin Yu.L. and the depression scale of Balashova T.I.&#x0D; Results. Probably (p&lt;0.001) among the subjects of the main group compared to the control, a significantly higher frequency of occurrence of medium and moderate levels of reactive anxiety (RA), personal anxiety (PA) and levels of depression (LD) was determined, in contrast to low, which was more often detected among the persons control group. It was determined that the levels of RA, PA and depression were reliably significantly higher in the main group compared to the control group and characterized the presence of fairly significant moderate anxiety and mild depression of situational or neurotic origin.&#x0D; Conclusion. It has been proven probable (p&lt;0.001) confirmation of the influence of an CS on the development of high levels of anxiety (both RA and PA) and depression.

COPING STRATEGIES IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF LIFE SATISFACTION

The paper analyses the results of the study of coping behaviour among senior high school students with different levels of life satisfaction. The influence of psychological characteristics of personality, such as “coping strategies”, “life satisfaction” during study in graduating classes, is considered. The results of the empirical research can be used by socio-psychological services of educational institutions that assist students in increasing life satisfaction and developing new adaptive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations.

Some Psychological Features of Victims of Crime Committed Using Digital Technologies

The large-scale development of information technology and the wide spread of the Internet have involved millions of people in the daily use of digitalization products as a means of communication, work, entertainment and other purposes . At the same time, the online world has become an attractive environment for various types of crime . Some attackers are interested in gaining access to confidential information, such as personal and financial data, trade secrets, intellectual property, etc . The information they receive can be used for fraud, espionage or extortion . This article provides a list of common crimes and offenses committed, including with the use of digital technologies, in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of the Russian Federation of Administrative Offenses; current types of cybercrime are considered, an assessment is made of the psychological characteristics of persons who commit crimes using digital technologies and their victims . At the end of the article, recommendations are given to ensure psychological resilience to the main threats of the digital environment . Compliance with the rules of information and psychological security and digital education of the society can significantly reduce vulnerability and minimize the risks of user victimization .

Psychological characteristics of personality’ stress resistance in retractions periods

Psychological characteristics of personality’ stress resistance in retractions periods

Русский национальный характер в аспекте поликультурного образования

We consider the issue of studying the peculiarities of the Russian national character, understanding national character helps students to gain knowledge in psychological and pedagogical disciplines, the Russian language, literature, history. We analyzed and evaluate material contributing to the implementation of academic and educational activities. The research focuses on the personal, substantive and social characteristics of representatives of the Russian ethnic group. Knowledge about the peculiarities of the Russian national character is considered as secondary new knowledge about the native language, national culture, and history. The emphasized unpredictability of ethnic processes in modern Russia makes the subject of our study relevant. We consider the Russian national character as a unique subject of history with personal psychological characteristics. Modern scientists consider the issues of Russian mentality through the definition of a subject field connected with the national character. Despite the many points of view on the solution of the issue, it is still relevant, but not implemented. The approbation results of the program developed by us on the basis of the Socio-Pedagogical Institute of Michurinsk State Agrarian University are presented.

Retracted: Psychosocial Factors and Psychological Characteristics of Personality of Patients with Chronic Diseases Using Artificial Intelligence Data Mining Technology and Wireless Network Cloud Service Platform.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/8418589.].

Информационно-психологическое противодействие экстремизму в киберпространстве

The article deals with the problem of spreading extremist ideas through modern means of communication and, fi rst of all, through the information and communication network Internet. The Internet has become an integral part of people’s everyday life, the possibility of active communication in cyberspace, which, in addition to the creative component, has a destructive one, creating a threat of infection with the ideas of extremism, as well as the involvement of criminal groups in extremist activities. On the example of social networks, ways of spreading and infecting with the ideas of extremism are shown. The specifi cs of mediated interaction in the virtual space, as well as the possibilities of creating forms, transferring, evaluating information that take place in social networks, provide certain opportunities for extremist criminals to identify and involve potential victims in criminal activities. The paper also analyzes the psychological characteristics of one of the risk groups for involvement in extremist activities — young people. In addition to the agerelated psychological characteristics of this group, its representatives are also the most active users of social networks, which further increases the vulnerability to extremist information and psychological impact. The paper presents the psychological characteristics of persons convicted of extremist activities. Ways are proposed to counter the spread of extremist ideas in the information space.

Research progress on humanistic care ability and influencing factors of intern nursing students.

This paper is dedicated to reviewing relative research on humanistic caring ability of intern nursing students and proposing strategies to improve humanistic caring ability. Firstly, current paper collected information from both domestic and foreign literature, and then scientific analysis, summary and overview of research results were conducted with regards to humanistic caring ability of interns nursing students. By analyzing the current situation of intern nursing students' humanistic caring ability, and factors that have influence on humanistic caring ability of intern nursing students, the present paper is determined to come up with feasible change methods and form strategic paths. At present, the humanistic care ability of intern nursing students is relatively low. Students, schools, hospitals, and the society all exert influence on the humanistic care ability of intern nursing students. Although scholars' research is different in topics or focus, the conclusions drawn from this research are highly consistent. Nursing humanistic care is the internal quality of nursing staff concerning morality, humanity, and integration of knowledge, concepts, and attitudes. Nursing humanistic care ability includes caring experience ability and caring behavior ability. The necessary psychological characteristics of personality are regarded as a special ability. It is of great significance to promote the quality of nursing and humanistic care ability of intern nursing students who serve as the backup force of nursing talent team. Meanwhile, it is imperative to strengthen the construction of intern nursing students' humanistic care ability.

A Study on Causes of Divorce in Rickshaw Pullers of Sylhet City Having Depression

Introduction: Causes of divorce may range from factors as diverse as the personal psychological characteristics of one or both spouses to the stresses of economic hardship and community disintegration. From a larger perspective, the role of divorce in modern societies and its relatively high incidence both flow from the same complex factors that have made good marriages so much more central to people's happiness than through most of the past and deterioration of a marital relationship so much more distressing. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, in Sylhet city, from 2019 to 2020 and it was mainly quantitative. However, qualitative data were collected from policymakers, i.e. the responsible person in Sylhet city, and discussion and documents. Quantitative data were collected from rickshaw pullers who were divorced by their wives from different areas in Sylhet city. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection from rickshaw pullers. Result: The mean age was found 36.25±SD years. The majority 39(48.8%) rickshaw pullers had primary education. All rickshaw pullers were in low-income group status. Out of the total study population, 47(58.8%) had ≤10 hours of working time, and 33(41.3%) had &gt;10 hours of working time. As multiple responses were accepted, there were rickshaw pullers who reported many types of misconduct from passengers and police. Almost all rickshaw pullers reported that the passengers belittled them. This was closely followed by “scolded” 86.3%, “paid unjust fare” 68.8%, and 48.8% of rickshaw pullers had “quarrel over fare” with passengers. It was evident that 36.3% and 40.0% of rickshaw pullers were “physically assaulted” and compel sitting, holding their ear by the passengers and police respectively. The majority 60(75.0%) of wives divorced their husbands due to domestic violence, 56(70.0%) due to too much conflict and arguing, 52(65.0%) due to substance abuse, 50(62.5%) due to lack of commitment, 48(60.0%) due to ...........

Analysis of the personality characteristics in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

Objective: To explore the basic psychological and personality characteristics of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). Methods: The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was used to investigate the psychological personality characteristics of 187 patients with LPRD (Study Group) and 75 healthy subjects (control group) who were treated in the otolaryngology clinic of Wuhan Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. There were 102 males in the study group, aged from 20 to 71 (45.42±10.67) years and 85 females, aged from 18 to 65 (40.97±11.53) years; There were 41 males in the control group, aged from 18 to 67 (41.08±12.03) years and 34 females, aged from 20 to 65 (42.55±12.78) years. SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The T scores of HS hypochondriac scale, D depression scale, Hy hysteria scale, Ma hypomania scale and MAS explicit anxiety scale in LPRD patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (t=6.304, 4.293, 5.750, 2.694, 5.178, all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that RSI score was positively correlated with T score of HS hypochondriac scale, Hy hysteria scale, Ma hypomania scale and MAS explicit Anxiety Scale (r=0.621, 0.402, 0.393, 0.581, all P<0.05); RFS score was positively correlated with T score of HS hypochondriac scale, Hy hysteria scale and MAS explicit Anxiety Scale (r=0.315, 0.321, 0.375, P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with healthy people, LPRD patients have special personality psychological characteristics, which are mainly manifested as excessive attention to themselves, exaggerated illness, depression, sensitivity, somatization of psychological problems, irritability and mania. The severity of both subjective symptoms (RSI) and objective signs (RFS) of LPRD patients are related to their psychological personality characteristics.

Личностные детерминанты селфизма у юношей и девушек

Modern young people live in the dynamically changing world, in conditions of constant changes in the sphere of public life and, especially in personal terms and the sharp change of habitual stereotypes. The specificity of age aspects and psychological characteristics in adolescence contributes to the expansion of the number of addicts. It is the desire to assert oneself, to know oneself more, the formation of worldview and moral convictions that sometimes contribute to the loss of a sense of security, the emergence of fear of reality, and the distortion of ideas about the image of the “selfness”. Selfie craze among young people has become a "global catastrophe". Today it is hard to find young people who would not take pictures of themselves and would not post photos on various social networks, chats. And it is crucial for a young person to receive feedback from their friends who have seen the post. In this regard, the issues of studying the psychological characteristics of persons suffering from various forms of addictive disorders are gaining relevance in science, since the presence of addiction is due to the personality characteristics and the accompanying negative emotions (irresponsibility, uncertainty, anxiety), its environment and interaction with people. At the same time, there are almost no scientific papers on the study of personality characteristics prone to selfie addiction; most of the works are only of indirect, fragmentary nature. The authors of the current paper analyzed various approaches, etiology, mechanisms, symptoms of development and risk factors for the formation of selfie addiction in high school students, and presented the results of a study of the personal determinants of high-school boys’ and girls’ selfie addiction. The purpose of the research is to study the personal characteristics of children’s prone to selfie addiction. Research methods: theoretical methods, including theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, comparison and generalization of experience; empirical methods (experiment, testing, questioning and diagnostic methods, observation); data processing methods (quantitative and qualitative analysis). The diagnostic tools were chosen taking into account the components of the structure of the anti-addictive attitude to the emergence of selfie addiction, which determine the personal determinants of the manifestation of selfie addiction. The study involved 172 students (aged 16-18) of secondary schools of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia), of which 93 were girls and 79 were boys. As a result of the study, it was revealed that 37.2% of respondents have signs of selfie addiction, while girls are most prone to addictive behavior. Gender differences in potential addicts in the manifestation of a tendency to selfie addiction were found in the assessment of the meaningfulness of life, satisfaction with their personal characteristics, self-esteem, and the level of knowledge about self-dependence. The results of the study, the author's methods for identifying the level of formation of selfie addiction and the selection of diagnostic tools for studying the anti-addictive attitude to the emergence of selfie addiction can be successfully used in the practice of correctional and preventive work of teachers and psychologists of educational and social institutions.