Psycho-cognitive Factors Research Articles

Correlates of Bullying Behavior Among Children and Adolescents in Physical Education: A Systematic Review.

Bullying is notably prevalent among children and adolescents, especially within the context of physical education (PE) environments. Understanding the underlying factors that trigger bullying behavior is essential in designing strategies to prevent bullying and formulating more effective interventions in PE. There is a lack of integrated findings regarding the wide range of correlates of bullying behavior among children and adolescents within the PE context. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the correlates of bullying behavior among children and adolescents within the context of PE. We conducted a systematic search across four databases (EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) for relevant studies published before August 2023. Two reviewers independently examined the articles, assessed their methodological quality, and performed data extraction. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria. It is found that demographic, physical movement, physical appearance, psycho-cognitive, teacher-related, and contextual factors emerged as six prominent influential factors affecting adolescent bullying behavior. Specifically, demographic factors mainly encompassed age and gender; physical movement factors primarily include physical activity, sedentary behavior, physical exercise, and sports competence; physical appearance factors primarily include being overweight, too thin, too tall, or too short; psycho-cognitive factors chiefly involved cognitive empathy, motivation, enjoyment of physical activity; teacher-related factors primarily comprised activity choices, teachers competence, controlling style, autonomy support; and contextual factors primarily cover desolate climate, perceived caring climate, strong sense of competition and winning setting. The results indicate that bullying is a complex and multifaced behavior primarily determined by demographic, physical movement, physical appearance, psycho-cognitive, teacher-related, and contextual factors. Future studies need to enhance the diversity of research samples and comparative studies on the factors influencing bullying behavior among children and adolescents in different countries. Additionally, a more extensive range of intervention studies addressing bullying behavior among children and adolescents is warranted.

Perceived health as human capital in entrepreneurial intention among people with disability

This study sheds light on inclusive entrepreneurship by investigating factors that underlie the likelihood of entrepreneurial intention for people with disability. While previous works show that entrepreneurial intention results from cognitive and mental processes, little attention has been given to perceived health, as a human capital, in shaping the formation of entrepreneurship. Yet mental and physical health is a hot topic in entrepreneurship literature and academicians call for more research in this field. We focus on a specific population, people with disability (PWD) since chronic conditions associated with disabilities have implications for individuals’ psychology and cognition and, ultimately, their entrepreneurial intention. The results of a regression analysis on a sample of 212 PWD in France show that positive health perception is associated with a higher level of entrepreneurial intention by increasing alertness to opportunity. Opportunity alertness partially but significantly mediates the impact of perceived health on entrepreneurial intention. We contribute to entrepreneurship literature by offering a more socially aware analysis of entrepreneurial intention. We also help advance research on the psychocognitive factors that intervene in the entrepreneurial intention process. We add insights into this research stream by blending human capital (perceived health) and cognition (opportunity alertness) perspectives to explain entrepreneurial intention of PWD. This study ultimately aims to offer a new direction in understanding how health perception plays a key role in early stages of the entrepreneurship process.

Nursing care for stroke survivors' fatigue

Patients discover that exhaustion following a stroke is both frequent and upsetting. Which method to employ to alleviate this fatigue needs to be decided. Various techniques might be beneficial. Between 25 and 75 percent of stroke survivors report feeling worn out. Patient’s quality of life and neurological rehabilitation are negatively impacted by post-stroke fatigue (PSF), which is frequently incapacitating. PSF is defined in various ways, but they all include subjective feelings of weakness and exhaustion that make it difficult to go about daily activities. Both biological and psycho-cognitive factors influence PSF. The assessment of PSF, contributing variables, therapy modalities, and nursing implications will all be covered in this paper.

The relationship of personality and executive functions in high-level soccer athletes: expertise-and gender-specific differences.

Psycho-cognitive factors such as personality and executive functions (EFs) are influential parameters when it comes to examining expertise in high-level soccer. Therefore, the profiles of those athletes are relevant both from a practical and scientific point of view. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and executive functions with age group as an influential factor in high-level male and female soccer players. Personality traits and executive functions of 138 high-level male and female soccer athletes from the U17-Pros teams were assessed using the big-five paradigm. A series of linear regressions investigated contributions of personality on EF assessments and team, respectively. Linear regression models showed both negative and positive relationships between various personality traits, executive function performance and the influence of expertise and gender. Together, a maximum of 23% (R2 = 6%-23%) of the variance between EFs with personality and various teams, demonstrating that many unaccounted-for variables remain at play. The results of this study demonstrate the inconsistent relationship between personality traits and executive functions. The study calls for more replication studies to help strengthen the understanding of relationships between psycho-cognitive factors in high-level team sport athletes.

Psycho-Cognitive Factors that Influence Contraceptive Use among Married Men and Women in Akure South Local Government Area, Nigeria

Background: Contraception is an important aspect of Public Health Worldwide however its prevalence in Nigeria is low (17%). Awareness of contraceptives is high in Nigeria, yet most women in their childbearing age do not use any form of contraceptives. This study investigated the psycho-cognitive factors that influence contraceptive use among married men and women in Akure South Local Government area (LGA), Nigeria. Methodology: This study used a cross sectional design to select 231 respondents through multi-stage sampling technique in five selected basic health centres in Akure South LGA. The study population was married men and women in Akure South LGA. Two hundred and thirty-seven questionnaires were administered however 231 questionnaires were properly filled giving a response rate of 97.46%. Results: Most of the males (60.8%) and females (73.2%) respondents had a good knowledge of contraceptives. Majority of the males (68.9%) and females (78.3%) respondents had a negative attitude towards the use of contraceptives. Majority of the males (70.3%) and females (81.5%) respondents had a high perception towards the use of contraceptive. There was no significant relationship (p >0.05) between psycho-cognitive factors and contraceptive use among the males (r = -.175, p = .137) and females (r =.085, p =.292) respondents. Conclusion: The use of contraceptives can be predicted by their attitudes. This study recommends, reproductive health intervention programs aimed at educating on the use of contraceptives should be done regularly to improve their attitude towards contraception. Keywords: Contraceptive, Psycho-Cognitive, Men, Women, Attitude

Individual and Family Determinants for Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Inborn Errors of Metabolism Requiring a Restricted Diet: A Multilevel Analysis Approach

The objective of this study was to compare the quality of life (QoL) for parents of children with inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) requiring a restricted diet with French population norms and investigate parental QoL determinants. This cross-sectional study included mothers and/or fathers of children < 18years of age affected by IEMs requiring a restricted diet (except phenylketonuria) from January 2015 to December 2017. Parents' QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF questionnaire and compared with age- and sex-matched reference values from the French general population. Linear mixed models were used to examine the effects of demographic, socioeconomic, disease-related, and psychocognitive factors on parental QoL, according to a 2-level regression model considering individuals (parents) nested within families. Of the 1156 parents invited to participate, 785 (68%) were included. Compared with the general population, parents of children with IEMs requiring a restricted diet reported a lower QoL in physical and social relationship domains but a higher QoL in the psychological domain. In the multivariate analysis, characteristics associated with poorer parental QoL included both parent-related factors (being a father, older age, more educated parent, nonworking parent, greater anxiety, seeking more social support, and using less positive thinking and problem-solving coping strategies) and family-related factors (disease complications, increased number of hospital medical providers, child's younger age, single-parent family, and lower family material wealth). Parents of children with IEMs requiring a restricted diet reported poorer QoL in physical and social relationship domains than population norms. Psychocognitive factors, beyond disease-specific and family-related characteristics, were the most important determinants influencing parental QoL and may represent essential aspects for interventions. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02552784.

Psychological Factors Affecting the Willingness to Accept a Possible Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) Discontinuation in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) Patients.

Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who present a sustained deep molecular response (DMR) for a stable period of time might benefit from discontinuing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). A significant number of patients seem able to reach this stage due to the availability of TKIs. However, many patients remain reluctant about TKI discontinuation and may refuse treatment interruption. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical and psycho-cognitive factors that may influence the decision to discontinue TKI therapy, thereby gaining a better understanding of patients' viewpoints on TKI discontinuation. One hundred and nineteen patients diagnosed with CML aged between 34 and 69 were enrolled (67 males and 52 females). Different clinical information and psycho-cognitive aspects such as attitude toward risk behaviours, risk preferences, need for cognitive closure, and tendency to resist to changes were assessed through the administration of a battery of questionnaires. A higher tendency toward risk behaviours and the tendency to focus on possible gain in the short term rather than on losses might represent important predictors for the willingness to accept TKI discontinuation. Possible relapses following interruption of the therapy are the most common reason for concern. Furthermore, lower levels of resistance to change and having previously experienced the desire to interrupt the therapy might lead patients to accept a higher probability of relapse risk when facing such a decision. TKI discontinuation appears appealing and challenging at the same time for many CML patients, and different factors may influence this decision. Psychology plays a crucial role in assisting physician-patient communication and informed decision-making.

Urinary Incontinence and Its Association with Physical and Psycho-Cognitive Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Older People Living in Nursing Homes.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common geriatric syndrome affecting bladder health and is especially prevalent in nursing homes (NHs). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of UI and its associated factors in five Spanish NHs. UI (measured with Minimum Data Set 3.0), sociodemographic, and health-related variables were collected. Chi-square (or Fisher’s) or Student’s t-test (or Mann Whitney U) for bivariate analysis were used, with Prevalence Ratio (PR) as an association measure. The prevalence of UI was 66.1% (CI:95%, 53.6–77.2) in incontinent (n = 45, mean age 84.04, SD = 7.7) and continent (n = 23, mean age 83.00, SD = 7.7) groups. UI was significantly associated with frailty (PR = 1.84; 95%CI 0.96–3.53), faecal incontinence (PR = 1.65; 95%CI 1.02–2.65), anxiety (PR = 1.64; 95%CI 1.01–2.66), physical performance (PR = 1.77; 95%CI 1.00–3.11), and cognitive state (PR = 1.95; 95%CI 1.05–3.60). Statistically significant differences were found between incontinent and continent NH residents for limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), mobility, quality of life, sedentary behaviour, and handgrip strength. It can be concluded that two out of three of the residents experienced UI, and significant associated factors were mainly physical (sedentary behaviour, frailty, physical performance, ADL limitations, mobility, faecal incontinence, and handgrip strength) followed by psycho-cognitive factors (cognition, anxiety, and quality of life).

An Analysis of Psycho-cognitive Factors in Relation to Postpartum Depression and Anxiety in Women with and without Changes in Body Weight

The aim of this study is firstly to analyze the differences in postpartum self-acceptance, patterns of beliefs (rationality) and perfectionism in women with and without changes in body weight and secondly to identify the relationships among self-acceptance, rationality, and perfectionism on the one hand and postpartum depression and anxiety on the other hand. The study involved 123 women, newly mothers, aged between 20 and 46 years, M = 32.29, SD = 6.56. The instruments used were Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire, Inventory of Ideas II, Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, and Inventory of State-Trait Anxiety. The results showed that the level of rationality and self-acceptance was lower in women with higher body weight, while the level of perfectionism was higher in same tier. At the same time, the results obtained by regression and mediation analyzes showed that self-acceptance is negatively associated with both depression and anxiety, rationality is also negatively associated with both depression and anxiety, and perfectionism mediates the relationship between rationality and depression, but not the relationship between rationality and anxiety. The conclusions of the study highlighted the women’s need for support to regain their pre-pregnancy emotional balance and well-being.

Psycho-Cognitive Factors Associated with HIV Counseling and Testing Service-Utilization among In-School Adolescents in a South Western State, Nigeria

Psycho-Cognitive Factors Associated with HIV Counseling and Testing Service-Utilization among In-School Adolescents in a South Western State, Nigeria

Psycho-Cognitive Factors Associated with Food Safety Practices among Mothers of Children Under-Five Years in Alimosho Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria

Psycho-Cognitive Factors Associated with Food Safety Practices among Mothers of Children Under-Five Years in Alimosho Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria

Palmar strength and sociodemographic, clinical-functional, and psycho-cognitive factors in elderly with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Introduction: An important consequence of the aging of people with DM2 is physical disability, particularly the loss of mobility. Objective: To determine sociodemographic, clinical-functional, and psycho-cognitive factors related to the reduction in hand grip strength (HGS) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and to verify the relationship between HGS and fragility. Method: This is an observational cross-sectional study with 156 elderly individuals aged 60 years and over, both male and female, diagnosed with DM2. The participants were assessed according to sociodemographic, clinical-functional, psycho-cognitive, and functional mobility data. HGS was evaluated using a manual dynamometer. The tests performed were: Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis, and Chi-square. The level of significance was set at 5% (p &lt; 0.05). Results: A significant relationship was observed between HGS and each of the following: sex (p &lt; 0.001), age range (p = 0.04), marital status (p = 0.004), physical activity (p = 0.06), number of conditions diagnosed (p = 0.002), use of insulin therapy (p = 0.03), complaint of pain in lower limb power (p &lt; 0.001), falls in the last year (p = 0.004), fear of falling (p = 0.003), Mini-Mental State Examination (p = 0.01), Geriatric Depression Scale (p = 0.008), fragility phenotype (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: HGS was reduced in elderly women with DM2, those who did not have a marital life had five or more diseases diagnosed with insulin therapy, did not engage in regular physical activity, complained of lower limb pain, had a history of two or more falls in the last year, had a fear of falling, had a cognitive deficit, had depressive symptoms, and were fragile.

Disability and health-related quality-of-life 4 years after a severe traumatic brain injury: A structural equation modelling analysis

Objectives: To assess predictors and indicators of disability and quality-of-life 4 years after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), using structural equation modelling (SEM).Methods: The PariS-TBI study is a longitudinal multi-centre inception cohort study of 504 patients with severe TBI. Among 245 survivors, 147 patients were evaluated upon 4-year follow-up, and 85 completed the full assessment. Two outcome measures were analysed separately using SEM: the Glasgow Outcome Scale-extended (GOS-E), to measure disability, and the QOLIBRI, to assess quality-of-life. Four groups of variables were entered in the model: demographics; injury severity; mood and cognitive impairments; somatic impairments.Results: The GOS-E was directly significantly related to mood and cognition, injury severity, and somatic impairments. Age and education had an indirect effect, mediated by mood/cognition or somatic deficiencies. In contrast, the only direct predictor of QOLIBRI was mood and cognition. Age and somatic impairments had an indirect influence on the QOLIBRI.Conclusion: Although this study should be considered as explorative, it suggests that disability and quality-of-life were directly influenced by different factors. While disability appeared to result from an interaction of a wide range of factors, quality-of-life was solely directly related to psycho-cognitive factors.

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Self-Efficacy, Perceived Stress and Resiliency in Type II Diabetes Patients

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;INTRODUCTION: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevalence of diabetes, especially type II diabetes, is increasing in the world. It seems that psycho-cognitive factors such as perceived-stress and resiliency can play an important role in diabetes care. The aim of the present study is examining the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on self-efficacy, perceived stress and resiliency in type II diabetes patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;METHODS:&lt;/strong&gt; The method of this research was quasi-experimental (pre- test, post -test) with follow-up stages&lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; The population includes women with type II diabetes that refer to Endocrine and Metabolism Research center, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences in 2014. Thirty two patients were selected by convenience sampling and they were randomly divided into two groups, namely experimental and control group (n1 =16, n2 = 16) and the follow-up stage was performed 3 months after the post test. Research tools consisted of questionnaires of self-efficacy (Sherer et al., 1982), perceived-stress (Cohen, Kamarck, &amp;amp; Mermelstein, 1983) and resiliency (Connor &amp;amp; Davidson, 2003). Term of ACT treatment was 8 sessions with one session every week in the experimental group and follow-up stage was performed three months after the post test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/strong&gt;Results showed that after the treatment, the scores of self-efficacy and perceived-stress was reduced significantly compared to the control group (p&amp;lt;0.05) in all stages, but in resiliency they did not show any significant differences with each other in post test stage. However, in follow-up stage, the scores were reduced significantly compared to the scores in the control group (p&amp;lt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/strong&gt;The results show that ACT can be useful for psycho-cognitive function in type II diabetes patients.&lt;/p&gt;

Predictors and indicators of disability and quality of life 4 years after a severe traumatic brain injury. A Structural Equation Modelling analysis from the PariS-TBI study

To assess the predictors and indicators of disability and quality of life four years after a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), using a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). SEM is a multivariate approach permitting to take into account the complex inter-relationships between individual predictors, in order to disentangle factors which have a direct or indirect relationship with the dependant variable. The Paris-TBI study is a longitudinal inception cohort study of 504 patients with severe TBI in the Parisian area [1] . Among 245 survivors, 147 patients were assessed four years post-injury. Two outcome measures were analysed separately using SEM: the Glasgow Outcome Scale-extended (GOS-E) [2] , which is a global measure of disability after TBI, and the QOLIBRI, a disease-specific measure of quality of life after TBI [3] . Four groups of variable were entered in the model: demographics; injury severity; psychological and cognitive impairments; somatic impairments. The GOS-E was directly significantly related to all four groups of variables (age, gender, severity of injury, psycho-cognitive and somatic impairments). Education duration had an indirect effect, mediated by psycho-cognitive impairments. In contrast, the QOLIBRI was only directly predicted by psycho-cognitive impairments. Age and somatic impairments had an indirect influence on the QOLIBRI, via psycho-cognitive impairments. Disability and quality of life were directly influenced by different factors. While disability appeared to result from an interaction of a wide range of factors, including demographics, injury severity, psycho-cognitive and somatic deficiencies, quality of life was solely directly related to psycho-cognitive factors. Other factors, such as age and somatic impairments only had an indirect effect.

Nursing Interventions for Poststroke Fatigue.

Fatigue affects as many as 25% to 75% of stroke survivors.1,2 This poststroke fatigue (PSF) is often disabling and negatively influences on neurological recovery3 and patients’ quality of life.4,5 There are numerous definitions of PSF, which includes subjective feelings of exhaustion and lack of physical or mental energy that interfere with everyday activity.6 PSF is associated with both biological and psychocognitive factors. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on PSF assessment, causative factors, treatment interventions, and nursing implications. Multiple instruments have been used to assess fatigue, none of which are specific to stroke. Commonly used assessment instruments that have been evaluated for patients with stroke are listed in Table 1.7–9 For nurses involved in stroke care, the PSF case definition developed by Lynch et al10 is likely the most useful. Nurses may ask 2 questions to stroke survivors in either the hospital or the community. Hospital patients meet the definition of PSF if since their stroke, the patient has experienced fatigue, a lack of energy, or an increased need to rest every day or nearly every day. In addition, stroke survivors living in the community meet the definition if over the past month, there has been at least a 2-week period when the patient has experienced fatigue, a lack of energy, or an increased need to rest every …

Structure rythmique et prosodique du français : pour une approche psycho-cognitive

The prosodie structure of a French utterance cannot be correctly derived by taking into account the linguistic information alone (in particular syntax). Certain phenomena such as rhythmic alternation, syllabic balancing between constituents also play an important role in the way the speaker cuts an utterance into prosodie chunks. It is however difficult to formalise them in terms of principles and to give them as much weight as to the linguistic information, as they result from biological and psychocognitive factors. This paper presents the approach used to infer these biological and psychocognitive principles from a recorded speech corpus. The aim of the work presented is then to build up a prosodie model based on the interaction and the conflict resolution between linguistic constraints and biological or psychocognitive constraints. In the first part, the inadequacy of linguistics-based models is demonstrated. The second part is a presentation of models which give interesting viewpoints, as they also take linguistic and psychocognitive information into account. The third part of the article presents our approach and the preliminary results we obtained.