Provincial Public Research Articles

The Effect of Performance Appraisal and Allowances Performance on Employee Performance Through Work Discipline as an Intervening Variable in the Banten Provincial Public Works and Spatial Planning Office

Performance has a very important role because performance is the final result of the employee's process of completing their tasks. Employees who complete their tasks well and correctly will have high performance. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of performance appraisal and performance allowances on employee performance through work discipline as an intervening variable. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with a descriptive causality design. In this study, data collection used a survey method through the distribution of questionnaires. The population of the study was 204 employees, and the sample was taken using a simple random sampling technique of 67 ASN PUPR employees of Banten Province. The analysis method used in this study used the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method and testing was carried out with the Partial Least Square (PLS) program using the assistance of SmartPLS v.3.2.9 software.The results of the study indicate that H1: there is a positive and significant influence of performance appraisal on employee performance, H2: there is a positive and significant influence of performance allowances on employee performance, H3: there is a positive and significant influence of performance appraisal on work discipline, H4: there is a positive and significant influence of performance allowances on work discipline, H5: there is a positive and significant influence of work discipline on employee performance, H6: there is a positive and significant influence of performance appraisal on employee performance through work discipline, H7: there is a positive and significant influence of performance allowances on employee performance through work discipline.

SUITABILITY OF CONTEMPORARY PUBLIC LIBRARY SPACES TO USER NEEDS AND PURPOSES: A CASE STUDY OF ERZURUM

The library is a societal institution that hosts printed and electronic information sources and facilitates access to these resources when needed. One type of library, public libraries, is an important institution for the education and development of society. Public libraries serve as places where individuals, regardless of age and level, can benefit from library services free of charge, borrow and read books, as well as venues for various social and cultural activities such as conferences, exhibitions, and presentations. In this regard, why public libraries are generally preferred by users has been a subject of curiosity. The changing technology and lifestyle over time have also changed the purposes of library use and users' expectations from the library. The aim of this study is to determine the purposes of use of public libraries today by identifying the purposes of use of libraries. In this context, the "Erzurum Ismail Saib Sencer Provincial Public Library" and "Kazim Karabekir Public Library" in Yakutiye district of Erzurum were selected as the study area. Face-to-face survey was conducted with a total of 110 library users in two libraries, and 100 surveys were evaluated. The survey form was prepared with multiple-choice and Likert scale questions. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed using the SPSS 23 program. Frequency, percentage distribution, and arithmetic mean values were used in the evaluation of the data. In light of the obtained data, the relationship between the areas occupied by library sections within the building and the purposes of use by the public was analyzed. As a result of the evaluation, recommendations were made on which areas of the library should be developed and in which areas the public should be directed more based on the needs of the users.

Decadal Trends in Ambient Air Pollutants and Their Association with COPD and Lung Cancer in Upper Northern Thailand: 2013-2022.

Air pollution in upper northern Thailand raises health concerns. This study examined trends and associations between air pollutants and respiratory diseases, focusing on COPD and lung cancer during haze (December-May) and non-haze (June-November) seasons in upper northern Thailand from 2013 to 2022. This study utilized data from the Pollution Control Department and Chiang Mai Provincial Public Health. The key air pollutants included PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3. Respiratory disease data included fatality rates for lung cancer and COPD and the re-admission rate for COPD. Results indicated peak air pollutant levels and COPD re-admission rates in March, with PM2.5 concentrations exceeding air quality standards from January to April. During haze periods, COPD fatality and re-admission rates significantly increased (mean difference: 0.43 and 4.23 per 1000-case population, respectively; p < 0.001), while lung cancer fatality rates were higher without statistical significance. Pearson correlation analysis found positive correlations between PM10, PM2.5, O3, and NO2 concentrations and COPD re-admission and fatality rates at 0-1 month lag times, with a declining trend observed at subsequent lag intervals of 2 to 3 months. Overall, this study highlights the predictable pattern of air pollution in the region, correlating with higher COPD fatality and re-admission rates.

Assessing Hospital Pharmacists' Scope of Clinical Practice in Ontario.

Expansion of the scope of pharmacists' activities in hospital is associated with reductions in adverse events and drug-related readmissions. However, the breadth of hospital pharmacists' clinical activities varies widely across Ontario due to provisions in the provincial Public Hospitals Act. Few data exist defining expanded scope in institutions across Ontario. The primary objective was to describe the scope of practice of hospital pharmacists in Ontario who were undertaking expanded clinical activities based on policies or medical directives. The secondary objectives included determining benefits, limitations, facilitators, and barriers associated with implementing these activities. A survey was sent to the pharmacy leadership of Groups A and B public hospitals across Ontario. The survey contained quantitative and qualitative questions focused on 3 domains of expanded-scope activities: adaptation, discontinuation, and renewal of medication orders; prescriptive authority; and drug monitoring. Of 56 hospitals invited, 46 (82%) submitted a survey response, with 1 exclusion (due to no response on some mandatory questions). The most common expanded-scope activity was independent performance of therapeutic drug monitoring (71%, 32/45). Pharmacists had the authority to independently adapt, discontinue, or renew inpatient medication orders in 60% (27/45) of hospitals, and could independently initiate medication orders in 20% (9/45). Barriers to implementing expanded-scope activities included limited time and staffing. Facilitators included proactive leadership, demonstrated clinical value, and strong rapport with other health care providers. Many institutions in Ontario have established polices to expand pharmacists' clinical activities, but there is a great deal of variability in scope of practice. Advocacy at the provincial level to unify scope of practice will help to optimize patient outcomes.

Evolution of COVID-19 infection in Punjab; trends during five waves of infection in the province of Punjab

BackgroundPakistan witnessed five waves of COVID-19 infections during the pandemic. Punjab, the largest province of Pakistan, remained the epicentre due to a high infection rate. Administrative data for five waves of the pandemic was analyzed to determine the rate of infections and the significance of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on the severity and duration of infection.MethodologyCOVID-19 data from March 2020 to May 2023 was obtained from the Provincial Public Health Reference Laboratory (PPHRL), Punjab AIDS Control Program, Lahore. The data included samples from index cases, contacts, and recovered patients. A total of 36,252,48 cases were screened for COVID-19, and 90,923 (2.50%) were detected positive by RT-PCR, accounting for 5.69% of the cases reported positive throughout the country.ResultsAmong the positive cases, 50.86% (n = 46,244) cases were new cases (registered for the first time), 40.41% (n = 36751) were the contact cases traced from the newly identified cases and 8.62% (n = 7842) repeated cases. The positivity rates among index cases were reported to be 2.37%, 2.34%, 4.61%, 2.09%, and 1.19%, respectively, for the five respective COVID-19 pandemic waves. Distribution by gender indicated that 64% of males and 35% of females were infected during the pandemic. The age factor demonstrated the most susceptibility to infection in women aged 19-29 years, whereas most males between the ages of 29-39 had an infection. Susceptibility to COVID-19 infection was observed to be equally likely between males and females; however, clinical outcomes indicated that infections in males were more severe and often resulted in fatalities as compared to those in females. This trend was also reflected in the viral titer as measured by the Ct values, where 40% of males had Ct values < 25 (an indicator of high viral titers) compared to 30% of females with Ct values < 25.ConclusionOverall, our data indicated that infection rates remained stable throughout the pandemic except for 3rd wave, which showed a higher incidence of infection rate of 4%. Additionally, data showed a positive impact of masking, social distancing, and immunization, as indicated by the shorter window of high infection rates.

Defining the hidden burden of disease in rural communities in Bangladesh, Cambodia and Thailand: a cross-sectional household health survey protocol

IntroductionIn low-income and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia, the burden of diseases among rural population remains poorly understood, posing a challenge for effective healthcare prioritisation and resource allocation. Addressing this...

Mechanism of Regulation on the Marketing of the Breast–Milk Substitutes: a Lesson Learn from one Province in Northern of Thailand

Objectives: To investigate the existing model and mechanism for surveillance of the marketing of food for infants and young children in Phayao province, Thailand according to The Control of Marketing of Infants and Young Children Food Act, B.E. 2560 (2017). Method: This research was a qualitative research study which collected data through an in-depth interview and a focus group with 7 informants: officers of Phayao Provincial Public Health Office, registered nurses, public health technical officers, and consumer network officers. Results: Phayao province had a control model and mechanism on the marketing of food for infants and young children according to The Control of Marketing of Infants and Young Children Food Act, B.E. 2560 (2017) as follows: (1) For passive surveillance, there was a complaint center at the Provincial Public Health Office as the main coordinator to receive complaints and prepare files of violation cases. (2) Active surveillance included visits to target places such as shops and child development centers, and visits to enforce maternal and child health standards. Finally, (3) networking and knowledge dissemination were implemented through the first 1,000 miracle days of life project. The implementational model for controlling the marketing of food for infants and young children should be as follows: (1) Be compliant with laws. (2) Determine clear policies at the departmental levels. (3) Work collaboratively at the provincial, district, and subdistrict levels. (4) Increase participation of related people for surveillance of offences. (5) Empower operational networks, entrepreneurs, and other people to gain knowledge and be compliant with the law in a suitable way. (6) Use communication technology to support implementation. Conclusion: Phayao province has a model and mechanism to control the marketing of food for infants and young children in compliance with the law. The model and mechanism should be developed according to the area contexts to support the implementation to be more effective.

Newborn Hearing Screening in Québec, Canada.

This study discusses the history and current state of the newborn hearing screening program in Québec and aims to assess general challenges associated with establishing universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) programs. We reviewed the statistics of the occurrence and long-term effects of congenital hearing loss and the immediate and long-term benefits of UNHS and its limitations. The resources for this study included financial reports related to establishing UNHS in different health care systems; Canadian provincial, territorial, and federal regulations and publications; local and nationwide media; and interviews health care staff and program managers. Because of its benefits and its cost-effectiveness, UNHS programs have been implemented in many health care systems around the world. Despite Canada's success in offering a wide array of health care services to its citizens, certain provinces trail behind others in developing UNHS programs. Although there have been recent improvements in the screening rate of the province of Québec, nearly half of all Québec newborns continue to not be screened for hearing loss. The reasons for the current low screening rate include delays in implementation, information-technology complications, operating costs, and lack of public awareness. For UNHS to be implemented in a timely fashion, those involved in the process should first understand what challenges may arise. Québec's experience with this process may provide useful lessons for other health care systems.

Unveiling Cancer Burden: An Epidemiological Study in a Tertiary Cancer Center, Thailand

Objective: Cancer is a significant health burden. This research describes the current state of cancer epidemiology and trends in a tertiary cancer center in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Data from Saraburi Hospital electronic medical records (SBH), Thai cancer based (TCB), Pathological data, and Saraburi Provincial Public Health Office (PPHO) were merged using identification numbers and birthdates, establishing Saraburi hospital-based cancer registry. Cancers were categorized according to ICD10. Population at risk was obtained from the Thai national census department. Prevalence was calculated by dividing cancer cases by population in each district. Cause-specific incidence rates (CIRs) and mortality rates (CMRs) were estimated for cancer types and gender. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated, weighting with 2020 Thai population data. Results: Between 2018 and 2022, 10,669 cases were identified in Saraburi province. Breast cancer was the most diagnosed cancer (17.6%), followed by colorectal (13.4%), lung cancer (7.8%), cervical cancer (5.9%), and liver cancer (5.5%). ASIR peaked at 509 (492-527) per 100,000 person-years in 2018 and decreased to 232 (220-244) per 100,000 person-years in 2022. Leading cancers for males were colorectal, lung, liver; females had breast, colorectal, cervical and lung cancer. 5-year prevalence was 1.7%. Males died mostly from lung and liver cancer (ASMR 30 and 29 per 100,000 person-years), while females died from breast cancer (ASMR 21 per 100,000 person-years). Life-time cumulative risk of death from cancer was 11%. Conclusion: This study reveals the cancer burden in Saraburi province, emphasizing the need for preventive strategies and resource allocations. The establishment of a cancer registry warrants future research.

Using Internet Access for Service Continuity amid the Covid-19 Pandemic in the North West Provincial Public Libraries of South Africa

The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed the many ICT infrastructural challenges entrenched in community libraries. This study determined how public libraries in the North West Province of South Africa could use internet access to continue the provision of information services to clients amid the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond. This was guided by key research objectives, namely to ascertain the status of internet access in North West provincial public libraries; determine the effect of the Covid-19 lockdown on services in North West provincial public libraries; and identify ways to use technology for service continuity in these libraries. The study adopted a quantitative research approach and employed a survey design. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a purposive sample of 15 public libraries in the North West Province. This sample was derived from a population of 123 community libraries falling under the provincial Department of Arts, Culture, Sports and Recreation. The findings revealed that there was a lack of funding to develop and support the ICT infrastructure in community libraries. It was further revealed that most of the province’s community libraries did not have access to the internet due to expired contracts with internet service providers (ISPs). Furthermore, the study revealed a lack of business continuity planning in community libraries. The study recommended that the province provide funding to community libraries for the development and maintenance of ICT infrastructure. The development of a central point in the province to manage internet access to community libraries was further recommended. It was further recommended that community libraries develop business continuity plans in consultation with stakeholders.

Limitations of Gold’s formula for predicting ice thickness requirements for heavy equipment

Common practice for determining the required ice thickness for vehicles and equipment relies on Gold’s formula as outlined in provincial and territorial publications relating to ice safety. This practice persists despite recent advances in ice engineering knowledge that provide more comprehensive design methods utilizing allowable stress design approaches. The authors have identified that the use of Gold’s formula for determining required ice thickness may lead to unsafe practices when utilized in the context of heavy construction equipment, increasing the risk of ice breakthrough to personnel and equipment. The authors use recent design examples to demonstrate instances in which the use of Gold’s formula results in predicted flexural tensile stresses in the ice cover that exceed the maximum design stress recommended in contemporary literature. In the case of large excavators (53 metric tonnes) and heavy dozers (40 metric tonnes), as examples, the use of Gold’s formula for determining the required ice thickness will result in predicted flexural tensile stresses that exceed the recommended maximum design stress by 56%–71%.

Five years of antibiotic consumption for urinary tract infection patients in Indonesia’s Provincial Public Hospital

Five years of antibiotic consumption for urinary tract infection patients in Indonesia’s Provincial Public Hospital

PENGARUH SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL DAN KINERJA PEGAWAI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK LAPORAN KEUANGAN

The goal of this study is to determine and evaluate the influence of accounting information system, internal control system and employee performance on the characteristics of financial statements at the Public Works and Public Housing Office of Jambi Province. This study utilized both primary and secondary data on a sample of 50 employees involved in the financial process of the Jambi Provincial Public Works and Public Housing Service. Data collection using the questionnaire method using an interval scale. Analyses of multiple linear regression by using SPSS for Windows. The findings revealed that partially and simultaneously the variables of the accounting information system, internal control system and employee performance affect the characteristics of financial statements at the Public Works and Public Housing Office of Jambi Province.

An Analysis of Corruption Risks in Issuing the Land Use Certificate in Vietnam

Purpose: The objective of this article was to analyze what are the corruption risk factors in Vietnam's land use certificate issuing process in Vietnam, identify the manifestations of these factors in land use certificates issuing process. Theoretical framework: There have been many studies analysing the situation of corruption in Vietnam, including those researches in the field of land in Vietnam. However these studies have yet not answered the following questions about the corruption risk factors in Vietnam's land use certificate issuing process and the manifestations of these factors in land use certificates issuing process. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use a value chain approach to assess the risk of corruption in the procedure for granting land use certificates. Based on using the theoretical formula (“equation”) of corruption "Corruption = Monopoly + Description - Accountability" (Klitgaard, 1988), the authors study each step in the process to analyze corruption risks. At the same time, the desk review method to collect and analyze documents and legal documents was also used. The authors also made use of secondary data from 2017 to present from the annual Provincial Competitiveness Report (PCI) of Vietnam, the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), the Corruption Barometer (VCB), Effective Provincial Governance and Public Administration (PAPI) to clarify the current state of corruption risks in the land use certificates issuing process. Findings: Corruption risk factors exist in all the flows of issuing land use certificates in Vietnam. The main factor leading to the risk of corruption in the current land use certification process in Vietnam is the policy gap caused by overlapping legal regulations, high monopoly, and discretion of authorities with low accountability. All these factors lead to the risk of corruption in issuing land use certificates in Vietnam. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: We suggest future research of in-depth analysis of the causes and effects of corruption risk factors in each steps of the land use certificates issuing process. Originality/value: The article results indicate that corruption risk factors still exist in the flows of issuing land use certificates in Vietnam, although there is a decrease compared to previous periods.

Risk Factors Associated with Leptospirosis in Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the environmental and occupational risk factors associated with human leptospirosis in Si Sa Ket.&#x0D; Methods: Secondary data during the 2017-2021 from the 506-surveillance report of leptospirosis to the Sisaket Provincial Public Health Office and the National Disease Surveillance System at Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. We conducted a matched case-control study in Si Sa Ket from January 2021 to December 2021. 64 cases and 128 controls were included in this study. Risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression.&#x0D; Results: The incidence of leptospirosis during the 2017-2021 period was 28.75 per 100,000 population. Seasonal variation was observed, with the highest incidence during the rainy season from August to October. Adults aged 45-54 years had the highest incidence rate. There 73.2% of the cases worked in the agricultural sector. The outcome showed the risk factors of leptospirosis associated with working in the water area without wearing boots (adjOR=2.97, 95%CI=1.38-6.40), wounded (adjOR=3.94, 95%CI=1.26-12.30) and stay long times (adjOR=2.31, 95%CI=1.02-5.24).&#x0D; Conclusions: To reduce the leptospirosis burden and enhanced surveillance is required to understand the epidemiology and the risk factors of leptospirosis.

The Provincial General Election Commission and Public Participation: A Study of Legislation

This study aims to determine the role of the Provincial KPU in increasing public participation in the 2024 elections of the Governor and Vice-Governor. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. This study uses normative legal research with a statute approach. The collection of legal materials is carried out using a literature study technique. The collected legal material is then qualitatively analyzed to describe the problem and answer study purposes. The results of the study show that public participation is a form of popular sovereignty fundamental to the democratic process. Meanwhile, the role, position, and authority of the Provincial KPU will significantly determine the increase in public participation in the 2024 elections of the Governor and Vice-Governor. Therefore, it is recommended that the Provincial KPU adhere to the provisions of the applicable legislation. Thus, it will increase public trust and participation in the success of the 2024 elections of the Governor and Vice-Governor. On the other hand, increased public participation also has an impact on political development and better democratic practices in the future.

PHONG CÁCH LÃNH ĐẠO CỦA BAN CHẤP HÀNH CÔNG ĐOÀN VIÊN CHỨC CẤP TỈNH – NGHIÊN CỨU TẠI TỈNH VĨNH PHÚC

This study investigates the current status of transformational, transactional, and laissezfaire leadership styles in the Executive Committee of the Vinh Phuc Provincial Public Employees' Union. Cluster sampling and questionnaires were used. A total of 194 subjects agreed to participate in a survey by completing a leadership-style questionnaire. The surveyed subjects include some members of the Party Committees of the provincial agencies, members of the Labor Confederation, the Provincial Union of Employees, and 77 affiliated grassroots trade unions. The research results show that the dominant leadership style of the Executive Committee of the Vinh Phuc Provincial Employees' Union is a transformational style, with work motivation, encouragement, and inspiration in order to increase efforts as well. As with the employee's commitment to work, the transactional leadership style is rarely used because the reward mechanism does not become a priority for the Union Executive Committee. The laissezfaire leadership style is almost absent, officials are not completely self-determined, but selfdetermination is based on democratic principles. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between transformational leadership style and transactional leadership style, but the laissez-faire leadership style correlation with other leadership styles is not statistically significant.

Ponadgraniczne mosty redaktor Ewy Mielczarek w XX i XXI w.

The professional activity of Ewa Mielczarek as a librarian, political scientist, senior curator, head of the Publishing Department at the Cyprian Norwid’s Provincial and Municipal Public Library in Zielona Góra, is impressive. Since 1999, her professional life has been associated with Zielona Góra, where she moved from Jelenia Góra. She is an editor, proofreader, hunter of gifted authors and their texts, a friend of poets, prose writers, essayists, reviewers, and artists. It is her, whom “Pro Libris” owes its neatness, tastefulness, and editorial beauty. In addition, she engages in journalism, promotes publications edited by the publishing house of the Zielona Góra Library, organizes literary competitions, meetings with authors, cooperates with scholars and supervises the editorial office of “Bibliotekarz Lubuski” (“Lubusz Librarian”), “Pasje Literackie” (“Literary Passions”) and “Zielonogórskie Studia Bibliotekoznawcze” (“Zielona Góra Library Studies”). Methods used: press content analysis, custom study, heuristic analysis and criticism of literature, interview.

The Determinants of Provincial Public Health Expenditures in Turkey: Evidence from a Spatial Data Analysis

The Determinants of Provincial Public Health Expenditures in Turkey: Evidence from a Spatial Data Analysis

The Evaluation of Quality Improvement Criteria of Tambon Health Promoting Hospital (Star Hospital), Surat Thani Province

Background: Thailand government has announced a policy to improve the health service system to have better quality and be more effective. Surat Thani Provincial Public Health Office has operated according to the policy of assessment and development for the quality criteria of Star sub-district health promoting hospital which has been operating since 2017. Objectives: This evaluation research aimed to evaluate the quality improvement criteria of Tambon Health Promoting Hospital (Star Hospital) in Surat Thani Province. Methods: 166 places of Tambon Health Promoting Hospital of Surat Thani have been selected by using work manual for quality improvement criteria of Tambon Health Promoting Hospital (Star Hospital) between 2019-2021. 17 directors of Tambon Health Promoting Hospital were interviewed in-depth and 68 staffs responded the questionnaire including context, input, process and outcome of an operation of Star Hospital criteria. Results: CIPP model observed that the hospital has a policy with clear guideline for development, has developed infrastructure and people have access to more services resulting in reduction of the use of outpatient services. However, there were insufficient staffs, no multidisciplinary team and budget, no MOU for working group at the district level, limited integration with partners. The level of Star Hospital criteria was high of context, input, process and product with average score of 18.6 (S.D=2.2), 34.1 (S.D=2.9), 39.3 (S.D=3.9) and 30.3 (S.D=2.9) respectively. Similarly, part of perception of self-care were high levels with 58.5% average score 13.7 (S.D=2.9, Min -Max =14-17). The satisfaction scores were high level with 95.3% average score 61.2 (S.D = 4.6, Min-Max= 38-66). Conclusion: Inputs should be provided including; personal, budget and material from network hospital for developing quality of service system and enhancing participation from all sectors including public sector, private sector, and people in the community.