Cebu Province Research Articles

Predictive model for college students’ performance in higher mathematics

This study investigated the influence of psychological factors (attitude, learning engagement, motivation, and self-efficacy) and instructional factors (teacher-related factors and learning environment) on college students' performance in higher mathematics. It developed a predictive model for higher math performance. This utilized a cross-sectional research design using a survey to gather data at a university in Cebu province, Philippines, with 391 students from Bachelor of Science in Industrial Engineering and Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Mathematics programs selected through purposive sampling, resulting in an 87% response rate. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Findings revealed that students generally held positive attitudes towards math, demonstrated average learning engagement, were highly motivated, and reported average self-efficacy. Both teacher-related factors and the learning environment were perceived very positively. While both psychological and instructional factors showed significant positive correlations with mathematics performance, multiple regression analysis indicated that only attitude was not a significant predictor. Learning engagement emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by learning environment and self-efficacy. The main contribution of this study is the creation of a predictive model, Higher Mathematics Performance = 1.82 + 0.008 (attitude) + 0.257 (learning engagement) + 0.039 (motivation) + 0.098 (self-efficacy) + 0.084 (teacher-related factors) + 0.155 (learning environment) + e, which accounted for 82.7% of the variance in higher mathematics performance. Hence, the predictive model developed in this study can serve as a valuable tool to design interventions and effective strategies for improving mathematics performance and overall academic achievement in higher education. This leads to a broad picture of the fact that these factors are correlated and how the various correlations can describe strategies for proposing relevant programs necessary for the improvement of performance in higher mathematics.

Factors Contributing to Millennial Employees’ Turnover Rates

Millennial employees in the bakeshop industry exhibited high turnover rates primarily due to the need for a safe work environment, recognition, and opportunities for promotion. The study focused on the factors contributing to millennial employees’ turnover rates. This study employed a quantitative, non-experimental, correlational design to investigate turnover intention among millennial employees in the bakeshop industry in Cebu Province. Data were collected via a researcher-made questionnaire from 34 randomly selected millennial employees. Analysis through descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and weighted means revealed that millennials, who formed a significant portion of the working class, tended to leave their jobs if their specific needs were not met. The primary factor driving their turnover was self-preservation, with employees prioritizing a safe and healthy work environment. A workplace free from injuries and accidents not only attracted but also retained employees, leading to reduced absences and increased productivity. Consequently, a commitment to health and safety by employers enhanced employee retention and reduced business disruptions. Additionally, recognition and opportunities for promotion were crucial for retaining millennial employees. They were likely to leave if they felt undervalued or saw limited promotion opportunities. Training and development were less significant than promotions in influencing their decision to stay. The study also found that changes in management or internal talent management practices had minimal impact on retention, provided the work environment remained stable and employees were treated well. Overall, addressing millennials’ needs for safety, recognition, and career growth was vital for reducing turnover rates in the bakeshop industry.

Social, Economic, and Technological Barriers of the Music Industry in Cebu Province Through the Lens of Management Functions

Social, Economic, and Technological Barriers of the Music Industry in Cebu Province Through the Lens of Management Functions

Thorns of Failures: Views of Non-Passers of Criminology Board Examination

Philippine Regulation Commission (PRC) records show that the national passing percentage in the Criminologist Licensure Examination (CLE) is deteriorating. The number of unlicensed Criminology graduates throughout the country is increasing. This study explored the lived experiences of non-passers of the Criminologist Licensure Examination (CLE) through a qualitative research method. The informants of this study were 10 board exam flunkers throughout the Province of Cebu. Four informants were used for the in-depth interview, and six were used for the focus group discussion. Eight (8) emergent themes described the positive and negative experiences of the informants before, during, and after the board exam. For the positive experiences, four (4) themes were developed, namely: Take a Trip Down Memory Lane, Licensure Examination: The Main Event, Acceptance and Moving Forward and Contingency Plan: Look for a Job. For the negative experiences, four (4) themes were formulated, namely: The Chronicles of Review, Test Anxiety: The Feeling of Taking the Licensure Examination, Board Exam Result: A Flunker’s Nightmare and Mission Unsuccessful. For the plights of the informants before, during, and after taking the licensure examination, eight (8) emergent themes were formulated, namely: Procrastination and Idleness, Indiscretion of Reviewees, Financial Struggle: A Dilemma to Board Exam Takers, Family Problems: A Heavy Load to Carry, The Answer Sheet: A Fragile Piece of Paper, Bad Luck: In the Wrong Place at the Wrong Time, Examinee’s Inability to Comprehend Questions: A Tough Assignment, The Fallen Leaves, and Disappointments and Failure to Meet Expectations: Adding Insult to Injury. For the reasons of the informants for not retaking the exam, two (2) themes were developed, namely: Age Limit in the Tri-Bureau: Crashing the Flunker’s Aspirations and Making a Fresh Start.

Social reproduction, migration and labour control regimes: understanding Filipino crew experiences in the UK fishing fleet

The notion of a labour control regime provides a conceptual framework for understanding the web of actors, institutions and norms that shape disciplinary mechanisms in the labour process. While labour regime approaches have drawn in multiple scales and diverse processes, this paper argues that international migration, and social reproduction in migrant source areas, must also be understood as part of the regime. Focusing on the case of Filipino migrants in the UK fishing industry, we use qualitative interviews conducted in the port of Fraserburgh, Scotland, and a migrant sending community in the province of Cebu, Philippines. We argue that the reproductive processes of workers’ lives in their home communities are an important underpinning of the labour regime they participate in when working on contracts overseas. We identify three sets of reproductive processes in particular: the trajectories of household poverty and debt that propel labour migration; the socialisation and social networks, as well as zones of recuperation, provided by home communities; and, the long-term temporalities of previous investments in fishery migration, as well as future aspirations for financial stability and intergenerational social mobility. While reproductive spaces and processes are not controlling mechanisms in themselves, they do represent an important part of the labour regime and they begin to explain migrant fishers’ forbearance in the face of a disciplinary labour regime.

Understanding the Critical Role of Parental Involvement Among Learners in Primary Grades During the New Normal: Challenges and Opportunities

This research delved into the parents’ challenges and opportunities of primary-grade learners enrolled at private and public schools in Cebu, during the school year 2022-2023. The findings formed the basis for the implications for practice. The research used the qualitative-phenomenological method, with 15 parents in private schools in Cebu City Division and 15 parents in public schools in Cebu Province Division as identified participants in the study. It utilized an interpretative phenomenological analysis with the help of an interview guide questionnaire to determine the lived experiences of the parents during the new normal of education. The results of the study revealed that most parents are trying their best to adapt to the new normal set-up of learning—distance education—and most parents described having problems balancing the obligations of work and teaching their learners, as well as with discipline, enthusiasm, availability, accessibility, and learning outcomes. Findings suggest important implications for practice for parents, learners, teachers, school principals, guidance counselors, administrators, researchers, and future researchers. The study concluded that parents have encountered difficulties and prospects while teaching and supervising their primary-grade learners in distance learning during the new normal. It is recommended that the output be implemented.

Gardening Business System Using CNN – With Plant Recognition Feature

Technological advancement has shaped our modern society's technological success. With the rapid evolution of computers and software, the enhancement of business undertakings and transactions has achieved numerous technological advancements geared towards economic growth and business accomplishments. This paper tested and surveyed a specific number of respondents from six chartered cities in Cebu Province. The result showed that the respondents agreed with this proposed system's usability and convenience. It was concluded that there is a need to create and develop a gardening business system where transactions and communication between users are simplified. The application would help the users achieve greater heights and overcome business boundaries while ensuring a user- friendly environment within the program.

Senior high school program implementation in Cebu, Philippines: The teachers’ perspectives

Senior High School education is one of the salient features of the K to 12 curricula. This study explored the lived experience of the 15 Senior High School (SHS) teachers as direct implementers of the program in the Province of Cebu, Philippines. These teachers have been in service in the Department of Education since the SHS program started. This study was qualitative in nature, and it used the phenomenological research design. It utilized the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) steps for its data analysis method. A semi-structured interview guide was also employed to capture the phenomenon’s essence. After an extensive and careful analysis of the transcribed responses from the interviewees, three themes related to the lived experience of the teachers emerged: 1) noteworthy steps, 2) temporary drawbacks, and 3) teachers’ suggestions for future directions. The findings of the study revealed that the informants had been provided with enough training, evaluation and monitoring, and free Internet connectivity. However, they also experienced the nonuniformity of access to learning materials, difficulty in teaching new courses, and complexity brought about by the mismatched students’ behaviors. For future direction, other researchers may delve into the lived experience of the SHS students.

Campaign Spending and Its Effect during the 2013 and 2016 Elections in the Province of Cebu

Elections play a crucial role in legitimizing authority in democratic societies, yet the impact of campaign spending necessitates further investigation. This research delves into the influence of campaign expenditures on election outcomes in Cebu province between 2013 and 2016. Analysis of the Statement of Contributions and Expenditures (SOCE), this study explores how candidates make decisions regarding the allocation of campaign funds. Employing a mixed-method research approach, quantitative techniques like regression analysis are utilized to examine the relationship between spending and election results, while qualitative methods including scrutinizing SOCE documents and conducting interviews with candidates and COMELEC officials shed light on spending patterns and offer recommendations for policy enhancements. Cebu Provincial data elections spanning 2013 and 2016 reveal a strong positive correlation between election spending and votes. Travel expenses, compensating campaigners, and communication demonstrate statistically insignificant correlations with voting outcomes (p-values of 0.842, 0.771, and 0.811, respectively). Similarly, printed materials and the employment of watchers’ expenditures display slightly positive correlations but lack statistical significance (p-values of 0.239 and 0.984). Moreover, campaign headquarters, meetings, and rallies show no significant correlations (p-values of 0.841 and 0.458). Advertising expenses emerged as the sole statistically significant factor in 2013 (p = 0.000), indicating a substantial 22.6 increase in votes for every 55,895 pesos spent. In the 2013 elections, only campaign paraphernalia and media spending correlated with votes; conversely, media spending was the sole positive correlation in 2016. Findings suggest that wealth played a significant role in the 2013 election, undermining the democratic principle of meritocracy where the most deserving candidate should prevail. Proposed policy changes include criminalizing campaign malpractices, ensuring candidate qualifications are rigorously vetted, and enhancing voter education programs spearheaded by academia. These measures are essential to mitigate the undue influence of money in politics and uphold the integrity of our electoral system.

A New Lace Sheet Weaver Spider, Psechrus taclobo N. Sp. (Araneae: Psechridae) from Mt. Guiting-Guiting, Romblon Island, Philippines

Psechrus taclobo n. sp. from Mt. Guiting-guiting, Romblon Island, Philippines is described and photographed. It is the third species of lace sheet weaver spider belonging to the family Psechridae reported from the Philippines. Only Psechrus cebu Murphy,1986 collected in Camp 7, White Cave, Cebu City, Cebu Province in 1983-84 and Psechrus schwendingeri Bayer, 2012 from Mt. Data, Mt.Province collected between 1883-1894 and from Banaue, Mt. Province in 1984 had been recorded in the Philippines. Only a key to the females of Philippines Psechrus is provided as no male of the new species is available.

Teachers’ Competence in Information and Communications Technology

Teachers' competence in ICT can significantly impact teaching by enhancing instructional methods, increasing student engagement, improving access to information, or facilitating personalized learning experiences. In this context, this study determined the teachers’ level of competence in Information and Communications Technology in Tudela District, Cebu Province Division, located on an island that is the fifth District Municipality in the central Philippines, for the school year 2022-2023. Data for this descriptive study was collected from 60 public school teacher-respondents using a self-made survey questionnaire that has passed the rigorous tests of validity and reliability. The data analysis showed a high level of teachers’ competence in Information and Communications Technology. Teachers' competence in ICT can be enhanced via continued professional growth in the form of suited relevant training and regular school LAC since education is a continuous process for the benefit of the various learners. Through teachers' competence in ICT, DepEd and educational institutions could produce 21st-century learners equipped with life skills that would help our country in boosting our economy; thus, the Philippines benefit and the fulfillment of the new DepEd agenda, which is Matatag: Bansang Makabata, Batang Makabansa.

The Bojo Algouinsan Ecotourism Initiative: Crisis Mitigation Through Community Tourism Development

Summary Faced with many environmental threats to the ecologically sensitive Tañon Strait in the Filipino province of Cebu, the town of Aloguinsan and the village of Bojo turn to tourism to protect their community from oil drilling and cement manufacturing. Guided by Mr Joselito “Boboi” Costas, the Bojo community has created an award-winning ecotourism destination. The aim of this case study is to highlight how a community successfully employed tourism as a tool to mitigate various risks and to provide a much-needed extra source of income to the community. Information © The Authors 2023

Bagacay Point Lighthouse, Liloan, Cebu Province, Philippines.

Bagacay Point Lighthouse, Liloan, Cebu Province, Philippines.

Pandemina: Psychological Effects of Becoming First Time Mothers In The Middle of the Pandemic

This research investigated the psychological effects of selected first-time mothers in Cebu province during COVID-19. It further described the participant’s experiences as a first-time mother during a pandemic, the apprehensions and challenges of a first-time mom, and the effects on the psychological well-being of such challenges and uncertainties. This study utilized the qualitative research method. This study's sixteen (16) participants were selected through convenient and purposive random sampling. The researcher's semi-structured interview guide was used in data gathering through in-depth interviews. The thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke was used to analyze the qualitative data. Codes, categories, and common themes were identified from the transcript of in-depth interviews. Eight (8) emergent themes were established from the participants' responses that were classified under three (3) overarching themes that provided answers to the sub-problems. The emergent themes were extracted from the significant statements of the key participants. For the descriptions of the participants on their experiences as first-time moms during the pandemic, the overarching theme, The Experiences of the Participants during the Pandemic, has two (2) emergent themes that were categorized as: On Experiences on COVID-19 health protocols and Heightened Maternal Protective Instinct. For the challenges and apprehensions of the participants as first-time mothers during COVID-19, the overarching theme is Challenges and Apprehensions. The participants have two (2) emergent themes classified as Transition to Motherhood and Financial Factors Affecting Emotions. For the effects of such challenges and apprehensions on the psychological well-being of first-time mothers during COVID, the overarching theme Effects of Such Challenges and Apprehensions on the Psychological well-being of the Participants has four (4) emergent themes were identified: Psychological Effects during Motherhood; Increased Maternal Value; Relationship with Society; and Heightened Maternal Motivation from Witnessing Developmental Milestones. The findings and recommendations derived from the study were used to improve understanding of the lived experiences of first-time mothers during COVID and future research designed to delve into coping strategies for such experiences to the overall well-being.

EFFICIENCY OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES IN CEBU

The research was conducted at Cebu Contractors Association, Cebu Province, Philippines in order to implement the efficiency of Human Resources Management in the construction industries in Cebu during Fiscal Year 2021. The efficiency of Human Resources Management in the construction industries in Cebu was evaluated on the effectiveness of its Planning, Leading, Organizing and Controlling, and evaluation. Qualitative method particularly survey research was employed on this study. Questionnaires were given to 20 Human Resource Management Personnel, 40 Civil Engineers & Architects, 10 Safety Practitioners, and 80 Construction Workers in Cebu City and Provinces, Philippines for evaluation. Gathered data were treated using total weighted points, weighted mean. Based on the findings and after a careful analysis and interpretation of the study, it is concluded that the efficiency of Human Resources Management in the construction industries in Cebu. It was found out that the efficiency of Human Resources Management in the construction industries in Cebu was Highly Effective in terms of effectiveness of its project planning, project leading, project organizing, project controlling, and evaluation. It is recommended that the efficiency of Human Resources Management in the construction industries in Cebu be adopted and practiced.

Speaking Anxiety of Non-English Major Teachers in an ESL School Setting: A Descriptive Correlational Study

Filipinos have become renowned for having proficiency in English, particularly when it pertains to speaking the language in a manner that many different nationalities are able to comprehend. On the other hand, language anxiety may arise when an individual who speaks a particular language is diffident or, at times, feels apprehensive about using the language. This study aimed to ascertain whether the participant's demographic profile—in particular, their age, gender, and educational background—was correlated with their English-speaking anxiety. The study used a descriptive correlational design to determine if the respondent's profile significantly impacted their language anxiety. Using a randomized sample technique, the researchers selected 54 English as Second Language teachers with non-English majors who were currently employed in Cebu Province, Philippines. The data were gathered utilizing a survey questionnaire adopted from the study "The Foreign Language Teaching Anxiety Scale: Preliminary Tests of Validity and Reliability" by Aydin & Ustuk (2020). The findings of the study depict that the age, gender, teaching experience, and educational background of the non-English major ESL teachers have no statistically significant correlation with their English language speaking anxiety.

The Lived Experiences of Street Children in the Province of Cebu

The study focused on the Lived Experiences of Street Children in the Province of Cebu.The study utilized the hermeneutic phenomenological research design. Moreover, the participants of the study are the ten (10) street children of Cebu Province selected using the purposive sampling method. Data Saturation was the basis for determining the number of participants in the study.To analyze the data, the researcher made use of Collaizi’s method. It is a unique seven-step methodology that offers a thorough examination, with each stage remaining true to the facts.Moreover, the study yielded four themes namely; (1) Basic Needs, (2) Dropping out of School, (3) Irresponsible Parents, (4) Health,and (5) aspiration. In addition, the study determined that everyday struggles are faced by street children in the Province of Cebu. Fulfilling fundamental needs, such as food, clothing, and a place to sleep is a challenge. Likewise, they have also missed out on the possibility to enroll in school, losing out on the ability to better their lives. Moreover, these children suffer from the sad situation of having negligent parents who fail to provide their basic necessities. Despite all of these setbacks, these children still want to succeed in life.

21st Century Skill of the Teachers: Readiness for Digitalized Learning

The study focused on the 21st Century Skill of the Teachers: Readiness for Digitalized Learning The study utilized the descriptive method and a two-part survey-to measurethe preparedness and readiness of the teachers in the quick transition of learning from face-to-face classes to a full digitalized learning environment in the COVID-19 Pandemic were used in gathering data from 25 teachers of Lamesa National High School in the province of Cebu, The researchers used a purposive sampling method to select the respondent.. This study illustrated the teachers' technical and pedagogical preparation for digitalized learning and is the best measure of how well-equipped and adaptable teachers are to changing trends in the teaching profession. Teachers' attitudes toward digital learning demonstrate a strong understanding of the value of technologically based education both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lived Experiences of Tapaseros: Their Social-Economic Situation

This study aimed to find out the economic status of the workers known as Tapaseros in the sugarcane industry in the 4th District of Cebu. It highlighted the plight of the Tapaseros during off season in haciendas or sugarcane plantation and how they survived during that time. The results served as basis in devising a proposed Alternative Livelihood Program. This research applied the Phenomenology Qualitative method in determining the economic condition of the workers in the sugarcane plantation or Tapaseros in 4th District of Cebu Province. Ten informants were interviewed on their occupational problems and survival strategies during off milling season. Findings indicated that the life of Tapaseros was not easy, being often exposed to weather conditions especially in the midst of a climate change, as well as, a bad relationship between the management and the coworkers, thus, during off season they suffered poverty. It is recommended that the Local government through the support of non-government organizations and other private company to give an alternative livelihood program to the Tapaseros in the 4th district of Cebu.

Sugbo Negosyo Program Digital Card Implementation: Technology Acceptance and Satisfaction among Microentrepreneur-Beneficiaries

The COVID-19 lockdowns upended business operations, impacting microenterprises which prompted the Cebu Province to implement a stimulus grant to revive existing and encourage start-up microenterprises known as the Sugbo Negosyo program. A digital card system (DCS) with a quick response (QR) code payment was utilized to facilitate the disbursement of financial assistance and to enable real-time monitoring of the program beneficiaries’ expenditure transactions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the DCS, investigating how the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude towards its use have influenced the actual use and satisfaction of the DCS use by the beneficiaries. The research, a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods, was participated by 212 beneficiaries through face-to-face surveys. With the Technology Acceptance Method (TAM) as the study’s framework, the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) results show that the DCS is evaluated as useful and easy to use and satisfied the beneficiaries.