Proton-induced Deuteron Breakup Research Articles

Experimental Studies of the Three Nucleon System Dynamics in the Proton Induced Deuteron Breakup at 108 MeV

Experimental Studies of the Three Nucleon System Dynamics in the Proton Induced Deuteron Breakup at 108 MeV

Differential Cross Section for Proton Induced Deuteron Breakup at 108 MeV

The differential cross sections for the proton-deuteron breakup reaction have been measured for more than 200 angular configurations of outgoing protons in the range of polar angles from 13 to 27 degrees with a proton beam at 108 MeV. The paper presents the experimental results of the selected configurations, which are compared to state-of-the-art theoretical calculations. In some regions of the phase space, a strong influence of the Coulomb interaction is observed.

Measurement of Differential Cross Section for Proton-induced Deuteron Breakup at 108 MeV

The experiment was performed at CCB IFJ PAN in Krakow with the use of the BINA detector. The experimental program and data analysis of proton-induced deuteron breakup reaction at 108 MeV are presented.

Experimental Study of Three-nucleon Dynamics in Proton--Deuteron Breakup Reaction

Proton-deuteron breakup reaction can serve as a tool to test state-of- the-art descriptions of nuclear interactions. At intermediate energies, below the threshold for pion production, comparison of the data with exact theoretical calculations is possible and subtle effects of the dynamics beyond the pairwise nucleon-nucleon interaction, namely the three-nucleon force (3NF), are significant. Beside 3NF, Coulomb interaction or relativistic effects are also important to precisely describe the differential cross section of the breakup reaction. The data analysis and preliminary results of the measurement of proton-induced deuteron breakup at the Cyclotron Center Bronowice, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow are presented.

Systematic Study of Three-Nucleon System Dynamics in Deuteron–Proton Breakup Reaction

We report on preliminary results of the first measurement of elastic scattering of protons from deuterons and proton induced deuteron breakup at proton beam energy of 108 MeV conducted at new Cyclotron Center Bronowice IFJ PAN in Krakow. The experiment is aimed at precise determination of the differential cross section for extensive set of kinematical configurations in a wide range of angular acceptance. In the first data taking run the average statistical per-point accuracy of about 5% has been reached.

Proton Induced Deuteron Break-up with Emission of a Fast Forward Proton Pair

A kinematically complete study of the pd → (pp)sn reaction with forward emission of an S-wave proton pair (pp)s has been performed at six beam energies 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.95, 1.35 and 1.9 GeV. The experiment was carried out at the ANKE spectrometer installed at the internal beam of the proton synchrotron COSY (Jülich). The 3-momenta of both final state protons have been measured and events with a relative proton energy less than 3 MeV were selected as 1S0 diprotons. The differential cross sections of such pair production averaged over the c.m. polar angle of the total momentum of the pair in the range 0°–8.1° have been obtained. A comparison of the result with a theoretical model based on the mechanism of pd-backward elastic scattering is described as well.

Proton-induced deuteron breakup at GeV energies with forward emission of a fast proton pair

A study of the deuteron breakup reaction pd→(pp)n with forward emission of a fast proton pair with small excitation energy Epp< 3 MeV has been performed using the ANKE spectrometer at COSY-Jülich. An exclusive measurement was carried out at six proton-beam energies Tp= 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.95, 1.35 and 1.9 GeV by reconstructing the momenta of the two protons. The differential cross section of the breakup reaction, averaged up to 8° over the cm polar angle of the total momentum of the pp pairs, has been obtained. Since the kinematics of this process is quite similar to that of backward elastic pd→dp scattering, the results are compared to calculations based on a theoretical model previously applied to the pd→dp process.

Relativistic effects in proton-induced deuteron break-up at intermediate energies with forward emission of a fast proton pair

Recent data of the reaction $pd \to (pp) n$ with a fast forward pp pair with small excitation energy is analyzed within a covariant approach based on the Bethe-Salpeter formalism. Relativistic effects in cross-section are extracted and found to be large. It is demonstrated that the node of the non-relativistic amplitude is shifted and masked by relativistic effects from Lorentz boost and the negative-energy P components in the 1 S 0 Bethe-Salpeter amplitude of the pp pair.

Proton-Induced Deuteron Breakup Reaction at 65 MeV: Unspecific Configurations

Cross sections and vector-analyzing powers for four unspecific configurations of the 2H(p,pp)n breakup reaction at E lab p = 65MeV were measured in a kinematically complete experiment. Measured observables are compared with rigorous Faddeev calculations using four realistic charge-dependent interaction models, the CD Bonn, Argonne v 18, Nijmegen I, and Nijmegen II potentials with or without inclusion of the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force. Coulomb effects are completely omitted. A satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment has been found. There exist, however, some discrepancies between measured and calculated analyzing-power distributions in certain kinematical regions. The effects of the Tucson-Melbourne three-body force are either negligible or slightly increasing the disagreement.

Design and test of a large-area scintillation detector for fast neutrons

A plastic scintillator array of 3.4 m 2 total area for the detection of neutrons in medium-energy nucleon–nucleon reactions was constructed and built. Calibration procedures for the detector were developed which allow the monitoring of gain shifts by means of muons from the cosmic radiation. Experiments were performed in order to calibrate the efficiency simulations and study the performance of the detector using the d+t→α+n reaction at 14.7 MeV neutron energy and proton-induced deuteron breakup at 300 MeV .

Proton induced deuteron breakup reaction at 65 MeV: Unspecific configurations

Cross sections and vector-analyzing powers for four unspecific configurations of the 2H(p,pp)n breakup reaction at Elabp = 65MeV were measured in a kinematically complete experiment. Measured observables are compared with rigorous Faddeev calculations using four realistic charge-dependent interaction models, the CD Bonn, Argonne v18, Nijmegen I, and Nijmegen II potentials with or without inclusion of the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force. Coulomb effects are completely omitted. A satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment has been found. There exist, however, some discrepancies between measured and calculated analyzing-power distributions in certain kinematical regions. The effects of the Tucson-Melbourne three-body force are either negligible or slightly increasing the disagreement.

Proton-Induced Deuteron Breakup at E lab P = 65 MeV in Quasi-Free Scattering Configurations

The proton-deuteron breakup cross sections and analyzing powers Ay for three kinematically complete configurations in a quasi-free-scattering geometry have been measured at ElabP = 65 MeV. The data are compared with predictions of rigorous Faddeev calculations using the Argonne AV14, Bonn-B, Nijmegen-78, and Paris potentials. A satisfactory agreement between theory and experimental data, both for cross sections and analyzing powers, has been found.

Polarization observables for the p-d breakup reaction and the nuclear three-body force.

It is shown that nuclear three-body potentials involve spin operators of a type not allowed for ordinary two-body [ital NN] interactions. The effect of these operators on the wave function for proton-induced deuteron breakup is discussed, and a class of polarization observables is identified that may have enhanced sensitivity to the three-body forces.

Coulomb effects in deuteron breakup by proton impact.

We present the first results of a calculation of kinematically complete differential cross sections for the proton-induced deuteron breakup reaction, obtained by using a three-body formalism based on momentum space integral equations which correctly takes into account the Coulomb repulsion between the two protons. Comparison with experimental data is made.

Proton-induced deuteron break-up atE p lab = 22.7 MeV

The pd break-up cross-sections for different kinematically complete configurations have been measured atEplab = 22.7 MeV. The data are compared with predictions of the Argonne AV14, Bonn B, Nijmegen and Paris potentials. Clear discrepancies between theory and experimental data have been found, which cannot be explained by angular resolutions of the experimental set-up.

On the measurement of the tensor analysing power in proton induced deuteron break-up experiments

The tensor analysing powerAzz is calculated in the reaction with polarized deuteron break-up d+p→p+p + n. Peculiarities and possibilities of the experiments with different kinematical set-up are discussed from the point of view what information can be extracted about the high-momentum component of the deuteron wave function.

The neutron-proton final-state interaction in proton-induced deuteron break-up at 8.5 MeV

Two-dimensional coincidence spectra of the two protons from the reaction 2H(p, 2p)n at 8.5 MeV were measured at 14 angular settings corresponding to zero relative energy of the n-p subsystem. The spectra and the FSI differential cross sections were compared with results of calculations by means of the Ebenhöh-Bruinsma-Stuivenberg code (EBS code) solving the Faddeev equations for rank-one separable s-wave N-N potentials with the correct isospin dependence.

Quasi-free scattering in proton-induced deuteron breakup at 585 and 800 MeV

Quasi-free scattering (QFS) has been observed in a kinematically complete p-d breakup experiment at 585 and 800 MeV. The reactions 2H(p, 2p)n and 2H(p, pn)p were investigated simultaneously for both symmetric and non-symmetric reaction kinematics. By employing a broad-range magnetic spectrometer, QFS was observed over a spectator momentum range from 0 to 350 MeV/ c. The spectator model with the Gartenhaus wave function describes the data well out to spectator momenta of ≈ 200 MeV/ c, above which point a significant discrepancy is observed.

A study of the neutron-proton final state interaction in proton-induced deuteron breakup

Proton-proton and proton-neutron coincidences corresponding to a near-zero relative energy neutron-proton system being emitted at fixed angles in the c.m. were measured in the reaction 2H(p, pn)p. Excitation functions were taken in the proton bombarding energy range 8–12 MeV in 0.5 MeV increments for each of five fixed c.m. angles: 50°, 60°, 70°, 75° and 80°. The cross-section values obtained from both proton-proton and neutron-proton coincidence spectra agreed quite well over the entire range of bombarding energies and detection angles. The cross sections have been presented as excitation functions and angular distributions. All five excitation functions decreased monotonically over the bombarding energy range 8–12 MeV.

Proton-induced deuteron breakup at 156 MeV

The $^{2}\mathrm{H}(p,2p)n$ and $^{2}\mathrm{H}(p,pn)p$ reactions have been investigated simultaneously using the 156 MeV synchrocyclotron beam. Outgoing nucleons were detected in coincidence by a NaI detector and a large liquid scintillation counter providing energy-time-of-flight-biparametric spectra from which the threefold differential cross sections $\frac{{d}^{3}\ensuremath{\sigma}}{d{\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{1}d{\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{2}d{E}_{1}}$ are deduced. For suitable angle pairs, the experimental spectra show either the characteristic quasi-free scattering peak, or the $p\ensuremath{-}p$ or $p\ensuremath{-}n$ final state interaction peaks. The experimental results are compared with various theoretical predictions; i.e., a simple spectator model calculation, off-energy-shell calculations including first and second order terms of a multiple scattering series, with or without the Coulomb interaction, and extension to intermediate energy of a Amado type model. These theoretical calculations are briefly discussed.