Protection Of Resources Research Articles

Mathematical model for managing marine ecosystem risks

The article presents the results of the research aimed at developing and verifying a mathematical model for managing the ecosystem risks of marine areas. The main purpose of the research is to create an effective tool for assessing and managing the risks arising from anthropogenic influence, climate change and other natural factors. The proposed model is based on the existing theory of sea ecosystem risks management and takes into account the relationship between natural and anthropogenic factors, condition of marine ecosystems, their vulnerability and ecosystem services. The model uses mathematical methods, in particular, differential equations, statistical analyses, simulation modeling and network analysis, allowing creation of detailed models that reflect marine ecosystems' dynamics and their response to external influence. Numerous experiments were conducted in order to verify the model. They demonstrate its ability to predict changes in the condition of marine ecosystems under influence of various factors. The results of the research show that the proposed model can be an effective tool for optimizing management strategies, minimizing ecosystem risks and improving sustainability of marine ecosystems. Practical recommendations developed on the basis of the results of the research include strategies for preventing, minimizing and adapting to potential threats, taking into consideration each region's and ecosystem's specifics. The proposed model helps to optimize management decisions, reducing risks and improving the condition of marine ecosystems affected by anthropogenic impact and climate change. It is a reliable tool for ensuring sustainability and preservation of marine ecosystems. This approach allows for evidence-based risk management that increases sustainability of marine ecosystems and their preservation for future generations. The model also considers key factors influencing marine ecosystems, including biological diversity, water quality, industrial fisheries, tourism and recreation, and allows evaluation of effectiveness of various management decisions in the context of such factors. The application of this model in ecosystem management practices allows making more informed decisions regarding protection and preservation of marine resources. It contributes to their sustainable development and provision of ecosystem services having critical importance for society.

Checklist of marine fishes in the Beibu Gulf: fish classification, resource protection, and biodiversity challenge

Checklist of marine fishes in the Beibu Gulf: fish classification, resource protection, and biodiversity challenge

Resilience in the aftermath of trauma: Classes of adjustment in at-risk youth.

Youth who have been exposed to potentially traumatic events are at risk of developing chronic and severe adjustment problems. However, some youth exposed to potentially traumatic events exhibit better-than-expected adaptation. Person-centered analyses, based on multiple criteria for adaptive behavior and adversity, are well-suited to empirically identifying different patterns of adaptation among high-risk youth. Data from 381 youth from three at-risk subgroups in Portugal were collected using self-reported measures of trauma history, trauma-related symptomatology, coping skills, and perceived social support. Distinct classes of adaptation after traumatic experiences were examined with latent class analysis. Four classes were identified: (a) trauma-related psychopathology class (13.6%), (b) adaptive resilience class (36.8%), (c) low resources class (11.4%), and (d) high resources class (38.2%). Trauma-related psychopathology class and low resources class were characterized by high levels of maladjustment. Similarly to the low resources class, the trauma-related psychopathology class reported a significantly higher likelihood of trauma-related psychopathology and higher levels of problem-solving skills. The adaptive resilience class and high resources class also reported lower levels of maladjustment, and the high resources class reported higher levels of coping skills and lower levels of externalizing problems than any other class. Clinicians treating children's internalizing mental health or externalizing behavior problems should assess trauma history and trauma-related psychopathology, as well as protective resources that may enhance resilience such as skills for problem solving and social support seeking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Enhanced removal of organic dyes by piezoelectric-Fenton-like treatment with Fe-MOF@MoS2 catalysts

The risks associated with dye wastewater to the ecological environment are becoming increasingly significant. The efficient utilization and effective protection of water resources have become a persistent challenge. Employing coupling technologies to enhance the wastewater treatment process is an effective strategy for achieving sustainable water resource utilization. Herein, composite catalysts with iron-based metal-organic frameworks loaded with molybdenum disulfide (Fe-MOF@MoS₂) were prepared by a hydrothermal approach. The Fe-MOF@MoS2 composite catalysts demonstrated superior degradation efficiencies towards various organic dyes like methylene blue, rhodamine B, and Congo red, especially in conditions of low hydrogen peroxide concentration and ultrasonic vibration. Results indicated that after 30 minutes of piezoelectric-Fenton-like treatment, the removal efficiency of the above organic dyes exceeded 90 %. The piezoelectric effect led to efficient cyclic conversion of Fe2+/Fe3+ ions, while the inclusion of MoS2 enhanced H2O2 activation efficiency. Moreover, the Fe-MOF@MoS2 catalyst displayed remarkable recycling capabilities, retaining 90 % of its initial catalytic activity even after six degradation cycles. Thus, the development of composite catalysts with combined piezoelectric and Fenton-like functions holds great promise for improving organic dye wastewater treatment and safeguarding environmental and water resources.

Spatiotemporal dynamics and transformation of the Parana State coastline: A 34-year analysis using RS, GIS, and machine learning

The coastal zone is a critical and vibrant area within coastal cities. Analyzing the changes in the coastal zone of Parana State helps determine the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and driving forces of this region, providing guidance for resource protection and utilization. This study employs remote sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Machine Learning techniques, using Landsat data sets with eight distinct scenes from 1990 to 2024, to extract and analyze the coastline. Specifically, methodologies such as Shoreline Extraction, the Coastline Diversity Index (CDI), and the Coastline Utilization Index (CUI) were applied to assess the coastline's characteristics. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the coastline development in Parana are meticulously examined to ensure accuracy. The findings reveal that: 1) Over the past 34 years, the coastline of Parana State has shown a consistent increasing trend. Natural coastlines have been declining by 45% annually, while artificial coastlines have been increasing by approximately 55% annually. 2) The nature of the shoreline is transitioning from natural to sea-reclamation, engineering-enhanced, and degraded forest. 3) The coastline changes have occurred in three phases: The Built-up Land phase, the Port Petrochemical phase, and the Reducing Coastal Erosion phase. Significant shoreline extension is observed near both biological and ecological coasts. 4) The primary factors influencing the coastline alterations in Parana State include natural forces, human activities, and regional policies. These insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of the Parana coastline can inform better coastal management and conservation strategies.

Establishment and population genetic analysis of SNP fingerprinting of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) is an important aquaculture species in China. However, with the continuous development of P. sinensis cultures, problems related to germplasm degradation and population mixing have become increasingly prominent. This has seriously affected the protection and utilization of germplasm resources by P. sinensis. To broaden the understanding of the germplasm resources of P. sinensis and improve the efficiency of germplasm identification, Super-GBS sequencing technology was used to conduct population genetic analysis of P. sinensis samples from six different populations distributed in five provinces. As a result, 1464,488 SNPs were identified. Genetic structure analysis revealed that the six P. sinensis populations could be divided into three sub-populations. The genetic differentiation coefficient of the DT and CY populations was very low (Fst=0.0088), indicating that differentiation had not yet occurred. Additionally, 15 KASP core markers for the identification of P. sinensis populations were developed using KASP typing technique for the first time. Genetic information can lay a foundation for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources by P. sinensis, and the fingerprinting database developed in this study provides a practical tool for authenticating P. sinensis.

Local Agendy 21 an Environmental Security in Naturally Valuable Areas

Areas with recognised natural values need special protection of environmental resources and cultural and architectural elements, as well as securing the living conditions of the local population and socio-economic activation. Especially in Local Agenda 21, which should consider such security, this task requires preparing comprehensive strategic documents. From an ecological and sociological perspective, this article looks at the situation of the local community in Poland. In this context, concern at sustainable development strategy, ecological security, discussion about sustainable development in national park territory, and human activities for the local environment. The article draws attention to the difficulties in local, sustainable development strategies and directions of activities involving the local community in ensuring natural and social order. In short, the analysis presents the importance of ecological security, the social situation in regions of natural protection, and the role of the local community in a strategy of sustainable development and ecological security.

Characterization of fuel-induced water contamination: chemical composition, odor threshold, and ecotoxicological implications

Fuel spills pose significant environmental risks, particularly to drinking water sources and aquatic ecosystems. The composition of fuels has changed over the decades to reduce fossil greenhouse gas emissions. In Sweden, although the number of spill incidents has declined, with around 600 cases reported annually, there remains limited knowledge on the environmental and health impacts of modern fuels. This study aimed to address this gap through comprehensive chemical analysis and ecotoxicological assessments of 31 fuel samples, including petrol, diesel, fuel oil, and marine gas oil. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we determined 53 substances, including aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A key focus was on forming a stable water-accommodated fraction (WAF) to isolate non-dissolved fuel elements from water, which is crucial for assessing subsurface aquatic life and drinking water production impacts. Results indicated significant differences in fuel odor profiles, with ethers enhancing odor intensity. Petrol components showed higher water solubility than diesel, partly due to ethanol. Ecotoxicological tests revealed varying toxicity across fuels, with petrol showing the highest toxicity to aquatic organisms, although activated sludge exhibited resilience. Fuels containing water-soluble ethers posed the highest risks to drinking water, while modern diesel was of lower concern due to its low solubility and toxicity. In freshwater ecosystems, petrol and hydrophobic toxins in fuel oil had severe effects during spills. Overall, this study offers critical insights into the environmental impact of common fuels, supporting improved risk assessment and management strategies for spill mitigation and water resource protection.

Observation on embryonic development of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii (Kessler, 1874) in Manas River, Xinjiang, China

To protect the germplasm resources of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii (Kessler, 1874), a species endemic to Xinjiang, the key stages of embryonic development of G. dybowskii were studied. From May to July 2021, the artificial breeding of G. dybowskii was carried out at the fish breeding station of the Kenswart Water Conservancy Project. The embryos and early larvae were obtained using temperature promotion, water stimulation, hormone induction, and dry insemination techniques. their development process was observed, and morphological characteristics of each developmental stage were recorded. The results showed that the mature oocyte was round, heavy, and light yellow, with an egg diameter of (2.32 ± 0.21) mm. The fertilized egg was slightly viscous, and the viscosity disappeared after water absorption. Under the temperature of 15.6-17.7 ℃ (16.23 ± 0.52) ℃, the embryonic development of G. dybowskii lasted for 142 h and 33 min and went through 7 stages of fertilization, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula embryo, organ formation, and membrane hatching, with a total of 26 periods. The membrane broke after 2376.724 ℃·h. The embryonic development of G. dybowskii follows the rule of freshwater bony fish, but it differs from other Schizothorax species in the muscular effect period and membrane emergence mode. In addition, differences in hatching water temperature among different geographic populations lead to differences in embryo development duration and accumulated temperature, which further proves that G. dybowskii is highly adaptive to the ecological environment of its habitat water, and these characteristics together constitute its survival and reproduction strategy in the natural environment. In this study, through the artificial breeding experiment of G. dybowskii, the characteristics of its embryonic development were explored, which laid the foundation for the cultivation of unique fish seedlings, enriched the early life history data of G. dybowskii, and further provided basic data for its resource protection.

Landscape – Soundscape – Waterscape : Concept for an inter- and transdisciplinary framework for regional integrated water and land management and the water-, energy- and food security nexus

This paper argues that integrated resource management (both stocks and fluxes) must be embedded into a transdisciplinary context. Preliminary, yet essential debates, plans and formulation of aspirations need to be formulated with the active participation of legitimate stakeholders and affected citizens. This implies, that next to the key integration of land- and water resources management voices articulating local needs, expressing and protecting cultural values and social preferences are to be heard and understood. The context of Landscape-Soundscape-Waterscape is recommended to serve as a conceptual model of dialogues to set consensus-based objectives and constraints for the detailed professional elaboration of development, restauration and protection plans for water-dominated landscapes and resource use. This multi-dimensional dialogue is even more important when several sectoral concerns are to be taken into a so called nexus consideration. The trans- and interdisciplinary model framework of Landscape-Soundscape-Waterscape is proposed to be tested first in case studies where the spatial extent of most of the resource use and protection interactions correspond with the living space (or homescape) used, intimately known and loved by those whose “sounds” should be captured and considered for the sake of sustainable future.

Ecological compensation mechanism controlled by both river ecological water demand and regional water rights

River ecological protection and rational utilization of water resources provide an important support for the sustainable development for human beings and nature. In view of the lack of ecological compensation research on river ecological water demand and socio-economic water demand, a mechanism and methodology for ecological compensation based on the synergistic control of river ecological water demand and river water rights allocation is proposed. The variable monthly flow method and the improved dynamic calculation method are applied to obtain the river basic and suitable ecological water demands as the river protection threshold. A two-layer decision model for water rights allocation is established, which realizes the cascading allocation of initial water rights from city to counties to sectors, and the socio-economic water usage threshold for each level is obtained based on the model. Developing compensation discrimination guidelines under the dual-threshold synergistic control and using the unilateral water resources value by sub-sector as the compensation standard, realize the quantification and sharing of compensation funds. The Nanyang section of the Bai River basin in China is used as an example. The ecological compensation value for wet year (2011), normal year (2012), and dry years (2014–2013) are 0, 15.09 × 108 and 12.04 × 108 (average value for dry years) RMB. The adoption of suitable ecological water demand thresholds in 2012 increases the ecological protection requirements thus leading to an internal compensation situation between Nanyang County and Xinye County. From 2014 to 2016, river runoff continued to be low, and excessive water intake from upstream lead to a chain of compensation situations in the midstream and downstream. It is essential to establish a basin and regionally nested ecological compensation mechanism. The research results are conducive to improving the eco-compensation theory and provide scientific references for water resources management and high-quality development in the basin.

Innovative Geotechnical Solutions for Sustainable Infrastructure Development

Aim: To examine innovative geotechnical solutions for sustainable infrastructure development. Problem Statement: The advancement in the world urbanization together with high rise in global population has alarmed the need for new infrastructures with additional innovative research to be conducted with already existing assets. Thus, It is important that geotechnical engineering should include basic practices targeting resource-efficient and environment-friendly techniques in order to add to sustainable development. Significance of Study: This technical review critically examines the innovative geotechnical solutions for sustainable infrastructure development. The content presented in this manuscript will be beneficial to professionals in the area of geotechnical engineering. Methodology: Recent relevant published articles in the area of innovative geotechnical solutions for sustainable infrastructure development were consulted. These include journal articles, conference papers, Asian Development Bank articles and unpublished doctoral documents. Discussion: The six main environmental objectives of the Taxonomy Regulation to ensure the contours of an environmentally sustainable infrastructure were stated to include: (1) sustainable protection and use of marine and water resources (2) pollution control and prevention (3) switch to a circular economy (4) mitigation of climate change (5) restoration and protection of ecosystems and biodiversity and (6) adaptation of climate change. The three phase methods for sustainability infrastructure development in geotechnics were critically discussed. An imaginary excavation site in the municipality of Rozzano was referenced as a case study to reveal the application of the proposed methodology to the soil treatment systems. It was noticed that the adoption of an LCA introduces additional deep knowledge and the required quantitative analysis for sizing the assessment. Conclusion: The examined innovative geotechnical solutions were contributory to sustainable infrastructure development.

A Novel Method of Secured Data Distribution Using Sharding Zkp and Zero Trust Architecture in Blockchain Multi Cloud Environment

In the era of cloud computing, guaranteeing the safety and effectiveness of data management is of utmost importance. This investigation presents a novel approach that amalgamates the sharding concept, encryption, zero-knowledge proofs (zkp), and blockchain technology for secure data retrieval and data access control to improve data security, efficiency in cloud storage and migration. Further, we utilize user-specific digital wallets for secure encryption keys in order to encrypt the file before storing into the cloud. As Large files (greater than 50 MB) or Big data files (greater than 1 TB) require greater computational complexity, we leverage the sharding concept to enhance both space and time complexity in cloud storage. Hence, the large files are divided into shards and stored in different database servers. We also employ a blockchain smart contract to enhance secure retrieval of the file and also a secure access method, which ensures the privacy of the user. The zk-snark protocol is utilized to ensure the safe transfer of data between different cloud services. By utilizing this approach, data privacy is preserved, as only the proof of the data’s authenticity is shared with the verifier at the destination cloud, rather than the actual data themselves. The suggested method tackles important concerns related to data protection, privacy, and efficient resource utilization in cloud computing settings by ensuring it meets all the cloud policies required to store data. Since the environment maintains the privacy of the user data and the raw data of the user is not stored anywhere, the entire environment is set up as a Zero trust model.

The state policy on the protection of soil resources in Bulgarian agriculture and agricultural territories - theoretical-practical aspects and problems

The state policy on the protection of soil resources in Bulgarian agriculture and agricultural territories - theoretical-practical aspects and problems

Effects of coal mining disturbance on spatial and temporal distribution of soil water content in Northwest China‐based on 3D EBK model

AbstractNorthwest China is both an important coal storage base and an ecologically fragile area, and soil water content (SWC) is a key factor limiting the ecological development of Northwest China. Revealing the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution changes of soil water content in mining areas under coal mining disturbance and the influencing mechanism is crucial for the protection of water resources in mining areas. In this study, the soil water content (depth 0–1000 cm) of a typical coal mine subsidence area in the western part of Shendong Coal Group was monitored in situ for 1 year after mining, and the absolute value, variability, and spatial distribution of soil water content were temporally analysed by combining classical statistics, 2D Ordinary Kriging and 3D Empirical Bayesian kriging spatial interpolation. sequence analysis. The results showed that the shallow SWC (0 ~ 60 cm) was distributed horizontally in bands, and gradually increased along the direction from northwest to southeast; with the increase of coal mining time, the absolute value of SWC decreased by 0.81% ~ 33.58%, and the coefficient of variation decreased and then increased, with the range of variation from 2.19% ~ 34.49%. The deep SWC (100 ~ 1000 cm) was stratified vertically and increased with soil depth, and the shallow and deeper soil moisture would gradually migrate to the middle layer under the influence of coal mining. In addition, this paper accurately portrays the three‐dimensional spatial and temporal distribution of soil water content by the 3D EBK model, which further reveals the mechanism of coal mining's influence on soil water content. This study can provide technical and data support for predicting and evaluating the potential impacts of mining activities on the water cycle, and help mining areas to formulate policies for managing and protecting water resources.

Improving fault zones hydrodynamic characterization and simulation in karstified carbonate environments with GLM and IES invers methods

A quantitative and qualitative estimation of groundwater resources is a challenge for water management in the world, especially in carbonated and karstified aquifers. Within these aquifers, fault zones exert a significant influence on groundwater hydrodynamics and transport. Improving the management of this type of aquifer involves better assessment of its hydrodynamics properties. Sustainability and management solutions can be estimated through numerical modeling. In this study hydrodynamic parameter of fault zone in karstified carbonate environments are estimated from cross-hole pumping test data. These estimations allow the simulation and forecasting of fault zone flow and transport. For this purpose, a flow and transport model has been set up using MODFLOW6 and MODPATH7 codes. Inverse modeling of hydrodynamic parameters is performed with the PEST++ code suite, with both the Gauss-Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (GLMA) and the iterative ensemble smoother (IES) which is a recent approach with few applications so far. Simulation, parameter estimation, and forecasts of drawdown and pollutant travel time through the fault zone have been first evaluated on a synthetic fault zone and are eventually applied to a real-world fault zone of interest in karst carbonate environments. A comprehensive comparison and analysis of GLMA and IES results are performed for parameter estimation, parametric and predictive uncertainties, ensuring a thorough assessment of results. The findings reveal satisfactory levels of uncertainty associated with the hydraulic conductivity field and both flow and transport forecasts. This approach demonstrates its ability to estimate the hydrodynamic parameter field with a high level of accuracy within the internal structures of the fault zone. This study constitutes valuable and reproducible insights into the simulation and forecasts of fault zones in karst carbonate aquifers. The findings are a step forward in groundwater flow and transport simulation of fault zones and provide relevant practical help for the management and protection of water resources in these critical areas of interest.

Pomegranate peel extract incorporated soy protein isolate/Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch. gum composite films for fresh-cut apples preservation

The objective of this study was to prepare an active packaging film using phosphorylated soy protein isolate (PPS) and Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch. gum (ASKG) as film matrices, with the incorporation of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) to preserve fresh-cut apples. The results showed that PA-PPE (PPS/ASKG-PPE) films significantly increased thickness by 24.47 %, tensile strength by 58.76 %, and elongation at break by 30.48 %. Additionally, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability decreased significantly to 6.17 × 10−13 and 0.62 × 10−13 Kg•m•m−2•s−1•Pa−1, respectively. FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses confirmed the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between PPS, ASKG, and polyphenols extracted from pomegranate peel, indicating excellent compatibility. Furthermore, radical scavenging activity experiments demonstrated that these films exhibited a remarkable ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS+ radicals up to 70.44 % and 74.28 %, respectively, when the PPE content was at 3 wt%. Moreover, PPS could achieve a sustained release effect on polyphenols with a relatively low release rate (63.83 %) even after seven days' time elapsed. Finally, the PA-PPE film displayed superior performance in reducing the weight loss and browning index of fresh-cut apples within 24 h of storage. The development of PA-PPE film could promote sustainable resource protection and demonstrate promising prospects in the field of fresh-cut fruit packaging.

Anamoly based intrusion detection using ensemble machine learning and block-chain

<p>A major issue facing the quickly evolving technological world is the surge in security concerns, particularly for critical Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications like health care and the military. Early security attack detection is crucial for safeguarding important resources. Our research focuses on developing an anomaly-based intrusion detection system (IDS) using machine learning (ML) models. With the use of voting strategies, Bagging Ensemble, Boosting Ensemble, and Random Forest, we created a robust and long-lasting IDS. The F1 score is a crucial metric for measuring accurate predictions at the class level and serves as the focus of these ML systems. Maintaining a high F1 score in critical applications highlights the constant need for development. Make use of the latest CICIoT2023 data-set employ Hyper-ledger Fabric to create a private channel in order to bolster the security of our IDS through the usage of block-chain technology. We use block-chain's immutable record and cryptographic techniques to establish a decentralized, tamper-proof environment. Consequently, our proposed approach provides an efficient intrusion detection system that significantly enhances resource protection and alerting the user in prior with intruder information incritical regions for Internet of Things security applications.</p>

Prediction of mine water quality by the Seq2Seq model based on attention mechanism

In recent years, as China's industrialization level has advanced, the issue of environmental pollution, particularly mine water pollution, has become increasingly severe. Water quality prediction is a fundamental aspect of water resource protection and a critical approach to addressing the water resource crisis. For improvement in water quality prediction, this research first analyzes the characteristics of mine water quality changes and provides a brief overview of water quality prediction. Subsequently, the Long Short-Term Memory and Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq) models, derived from Artificial Neural Networks, are introduced. The Seq2Seq water quality prediction model is implemented, incorporating the attention mechanism. Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the attention mechanism-based Seq2Seq model accurately predicts parameters such as pH value, Dissolved Oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and Chemical Oxygen Demand, exhibiting a high degree of consistency with actual results. They play a vital role in assessing the health of the water and its ability to support aquatic life. The change of these indicators can reflect the degree and type of water pollution. Moreover, the Seq2Seq + attention model stands out with the lowest predicted Root Mean Square Error of 0.309. Notably, in comparison to the traditional Seq2Seq model, the incorporation of attention mechanisms in the Seq2Seq model results in a substantial 2.94 reduction in Mean Absolute Error. This research on the Seq2Seq water quality prediction model with attention mechanism provides valuable insights and references for future endeavors in water quality prediction.

행정에서 인공지능의 활용에 있어서 행정법적 문제과 개혁과제

In order to achieve a fair, efficient, rapid and predictable exercise of state power, it is necessary to prepare for the emergence of a “government for the people, using artificial intelligence, for the people,” which has jumped from a “government for the people, by the people, for the people” by accepting advanced science and technology and reflecting the changed social image, so it is necessary to review the active use of artificial intelligence within the framework of the rule of law administration, check administrative law, and improve legislation. Analysis of the use of artificial intelligence in administrative law does not stop at deriving the current law's interpretation or legislative tasks for the use of artificial intelligence under the Administrative Procedure Act or limited to administrative disposition, but also checks the public law interpretation and response to the use of artificial intelligence in all “administrations” subject to administrative law. Criticism or problem consciousness of current artificial intelligence mainly deals with information opacity, process inexplicability, non-decipherability, information contamination, and intentional distortion of information in the deep learning stage and the use of generative artificial intelligence. The general legislative attitude of the EU and others has attempted to establish a legislative safety net to prevent the emergence of market economy monsters using artificial intelligence, but it should be taken into account that policy judgment and normative consideration are needed to prepare for the emergence of information monsters at the same level as public and private areas, and discussions on risks are focused on deep learning-based artificial intelligence. The EU-type behavioral regulation model regulates general behavior in the use of artificial intelligence regardless of the public and private areas, but private economic entities have no democratic legitimacy in the organizational composition and pursue the maximum of private interests by nature. It is overlooked that the administrative entity, which is the public authority, has democratic legitimacy in the composition, and that the possibility of stakeholder participation in administrative processes and specific administrative procedures is guaranteed, as well as checks by the principle of separation of powers. If the act regulation law in the use of artificial intelligence by private economic entities is brought into the public domain, it leads to overregulation in the public domain, but underregulation for private economic entities occurs. Data is the resource of the future and the oil of the future in the age of artificial intelligence. The data must be managed publicly and the public's free and stable use must be guaranteed if the public property of the data is recognized and pseudonymized information is released from the personal personal rights and ownership of the data. A department in charge of creating, collecting, and managing big data at the national level will be essential. Hangeul data, with the originality of Hangeul, needs to approach the protection of Hangeul resources and the development of Hangul-specific artificial intelligence in order to protect national interests. It is necessary to actively utilize artificial intelligence to increase the objectivity and rationality of evaluation in evaluating business feasibility or predicting future demand in various private capital attraction projects and public development projects, and it is necessary to improve the legal system that detects the misappropriation and overcharges of public funds, imposes punitive fines, and the use of artificial intelligence in the process of selecting subjects and verifying them through post-mortem review in the public benefit area.