Prospective Planning Research Articles

Operational challenges and mitigation measures during the COVID-19 pandemic–Lessons from DELIVER

Catastrophic disruptions in care delivery threaten the operational efficiency and potentially the validity of clinical research efforts, in particular randomized clinical trials. Most recently, the COVID-19 pandemic affected essentially all aspects of care delivery and clinical research conduct. While consensus statements and clinical guidance documents have detailed potential mitigation measures, few real-world experiences detailing clinical trial adaptations to the COVID-19 pandemic exist, particularly among, large, global registrational cardiovascular trials. We outline the operational impact of COVID-19 and resultant mitigation measures in the Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the LIVEs of Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure (DELIVER) trial, one of the largest and most globally diverse experiences with COVID-19 of any cardiovascular clinical trial to date. Specifically, we address the needed coordination between academic investigators, trial leadership, clinical sites, and the supporting sponsor to ensure the safety of participants and trial staff, to maintain the fidelity of trial operations, and to prospectively adapt statistical analyses plans to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and the pandemic at large on trial participants. These discussions included key operational issues such as ensuring delivery of study medications, adaptations to study visits, enhanced COVID-19 related endpoint adjudication, and protocol and analytical plan revisions. Our findings may have important implications for establishing consensus on prospective contingency planning in future clinical trials. gov: NCT03619213. GOV: NCT03619213.

Towards data-driven project design: Providing optimal treatment rules for development projects

It is increasingly commonplace among development practitioners to employ impact evaluations to measure the performance and effectiveness of their activities and investments. However, there remains a substantial gap between the evidence generated by these assessments and its use for prospective planning and design of future development projects. Specifically, the retrospective data generated in counterfactual-based evaluations on what worked, how, and for whom, is not routinely or easily applied by policymakers for decision-making after an evaluation's closure. We address this gap through the development of an optimal policy learning (OPL) tool for rural development projects that leverages observational data to drive data-driven project design through identification of welfare-maximizing targeting and selection rules that can maximize project impacts. In so doing, we solve the policymaker's policy assignment problem, i.e. deciding who to treat and where. Further, we define distinct roles for the policymaker and the analyst in which the latter is tasked with generating a menu of potential selection rules while the former weighs each rule's costs and benefits against their objective function, addressing the practical constraints poised by optimal policy learning's use for project design. To illustrate the utility of our approach we apply OPL to two projects funded and evaluated by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). We show that OPL and this division of labor not only identifies the welfare-maximizing policy assignment but also allows policymakers to gain deeper insights into the trade-offs, costs, and benefits of different objectives, policies, and demands facilitating more informed decision-making and more effective policies and development interventions.

Automated generation of digital twin for a built environment using scan and object detection as input for production planning

The simulation of production processes using a digital twin can be utilized for prospective planning, analysis of existing systems or process-parallel monitoring. In all cases, the digital twin offers manufacturing companies room for improvement in production and logistics processes leading to cost savings. However, many companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, do not apply the technology, because the generation of a digital twin in a built environment is cost-, time- and resource-intensive and IT expertise is required. These obstacles will be overcome by generating a digital twin using a scan of the shop floor and subsequent object recognition. This paper describes the approach with multiple steps, parameters, and data which must be acquired in order to generate a digital twin automatically. It is also shown how the data is processed to generate the digital twin and how object recognition is integrated into it. An overview of the entire process chain is given as well as results in an application case.

Does aging amplify the rule-based efficiency effect in action selection?

When it comes to the selection of adequate movements, people may apply varying strategies. Explicit if-then rules, compared to implicit prospective action planning, can facilitate action selection in young healthy adults. But aging alters cognitive processes. It is unknown whether older adults may similarly, profit from a rule-based approach to action selection. To investigate the potential effects of aging, the Rule/Plan Motor Cognition (RPMC) paradigm was applied to three different age groups between 31 and 90 years of age. Participants selected grips either instructed by a rule or by prospective planning. As a function of age, we found a general increase in a strategy-specific advantage as quantified by the difference in reaction time between plan- and rule-based action selection. However, in older age groups, these differences went in both directions: some participants initiated rule-based action selection faster, while for others, plan-based action selection seemed more efficient. The decomposition of reaction times into speed of the decision process, action encoding, and response caution components suggests that rule-based action selection may reduce action encoding demands in all age groups. There appears a tendency for the younger and middle age groups to have a speed advantage in the rule task when it comes to information accumulation for action selection. Thus, one influential factor determining the robustness of the rule-based efficiency effect across the lifespan may be presented by the reduced speed of information uptake. Future studies need to further specify the role of these parameters for efficient action selection.

An Unmanned Helicopter Energy Consumption Analysis

The number of operations incorporating E-VTOL aircrafts is increasing each year, and the optimization of the energy consumption of such vehicles is a major problem. In this paper, a small-scale ARCHER helicopter’s energy consumption is analyzed, wherein different flight conditions, main rotor revolutions, and flight control system settings are considered. The helicopter dynamic model was developed in the FLIGHTLAB environment and was then validated based on flight test data. The model used for the calculation of energy consumption was developed using the electric and dynamic characteristics of the main rotor, electric motor, and transmission system. The main part of this work concerns the analysis of electric energy consumption during the vehicle’s flight via the use of an automatic flight control system (AFCS) that ensures repeatable flight conditions. The AFCS was designed such that it includes both path and attitude control to provide hover and cruise control modes. The helicopter’s energy consumption was analyzed during different phases of flight, when executing maneuvers, and using different main rotor angular velocities to perform - a given task. The results show that the level of energy consumption significantly depends on the helicopter’s main rotor revolutions, flight speed, and the maneuvers performed. The proposed methodology can be used in prospective energy-efficient mission planning and UAV helicopter design.

Comportamiento del cumplimiento tributario de los trabajadores por cuenta propia en Cuba

The Municipal Office of Tax Administration of Santiago de Cuba faces a sustained growth in the level of tax debt of the sector of self-employed workers who pay taxes under the general regime. In this paper, the factors that have the greatest influence on the behaviour of tax compliance in this segment of taxpayers are examined. Surveys were applied to selected experts from the institution, and to a selected sample, processed in SPSS 28.0 and applying prospective planning methods. It showed as key factors: the perception of risk, institutional control, tax justice, keeping documentation of fiscal relevance, trust in ONAT, communication and knowledge of the destination of their contributions to the budget. In addition, strategic recommendations are offered to strengthen strategic alliances with territorial organizations that intervene in compliance management. La Oficina municipal de Administración Tributaria de Santiago de Cuba enfrenta un crecimiento sostenido del nivel de deuda tributaria del sector de trabajadores por cuenta propia que tributan por el régimen general. En este trabajo se exponen los factores que mayor incidencia tienen sobre el comportamiento de cumplimiento tributario en este segmento de contribuyentes. Se aplicaron encuestas a expertos seleccionados de la institución y a una muestra seleccionada de trabajadores por cuenta propia, fueron procesadas en el SPSS 28.0 y se aplicaron métodos de planificación prospectiva. Dichas encuestas arrojaron como factores clave la percepción del riesgo, el control institucional, la justicia tributaria, la conservación de la documentación de relevancia fiscal, la confianza en la ONAT, la comunicación y el conocimiento del destino de sus aportes al presupuesto. Se ofrecen, además, recomendaciones estratégicas para potenciar las alianzas estratégicas con organismos del territorio que intervienen sobre la gestión de cumplimiento.

TECHNOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF THE REDUCTION OF ECOLOGICALLY HARMFUL EMISSIONS OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY INTO THE ENVIRONMENT (review)

The purpose. To study the influence of various factors on the emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds into the environment for the optimization of technological management and prospective planning of research in pig farming, as well as increasing the efficiency of the use of nutrients by pigs in their group housing. Methods. The material for the research was literature from the library of the Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and scientific works of scientists from Google Academy, Pub med, base-search.net, core.ac.uk, ouci.dntb.gov.ua. The following research methods were used in the research process: general scientific (typology, classification, analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical) and interdisciplinary (structural-system approach), historical (problematic-chronological, descriptive, source and historical analysis and synthesis), with their help systematized scientific data on the technological management of reducing ecologically harmful emissions of animal husbandry into the environment. The results. Management strategies used in science and practice to improve the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus use in pig production are discussed, namely: genetic selection, castration, slaughter weight, precision feeding, and manure management systems. Since the diet significantly affects the possible losses of nitrogen and phosphorus, it must be taken into account when evaluating management strategies. The amount of nitrogen released depends on the amount of absorbed nitrogen, the amount of absorbed nitrogen, the balance of amino acids in the diet and the animal's need for nitrogen and amino acids. For group-housed animals, polyphasic feeding systems should be used, as daily polyphasic feeding tailored to the individual animal's amino acid and other nutrient needs is likely to be most effective. Specific amino acid intake should be balanced using the ideal protein concept. With better knowledge of the needs of individual animals and the commercial availability of certain amino acids, the total level of crude protein in the diet can be reduced within certain limits. However, further research is needed on the minimum level of crude protein that provides maximum performance. The correct use of feed additives and enzyme preparations in rations contributes to the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions. By combining optimal feeding and management, nitrogen assimilation efficiencies approaching 60% can be achieved in the near future. Prospective manure collection and processing systems contribute to an even greater reduction of environmental emissions. Conclusions. The use of effective management systems and precise feeding in pig farming contributes to the increase of assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus from feed, respectively, to the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions to the environment. Key words: emissions, pigs, nitrogen, phosphorus, excretion, amino acids, genetic selection, castration, slaughter weight, animal age.

An Evaluation Framework for Urban Pluvial Flooding Based on Open-Access Data

Identifying the location and estimating the magnitude of urban pluvial flooding events is essential to assess their impacts, particularly in areas where data are unavailable. The present work focused on developing and exemplifying a tool to evaluate urban pluvial flooding based on open-access information. The tool has three separate submodules: (1) sewer network generation and design; (2) hydrodynamic model development; (3) urban pluvial flood evaluation. Application of the first two modules in two catchments and comparison of these results with real data indicated that the tool was able to generate systems with realistic layouts and hydraulic properties. Hydrodynamic models derived from this data were able to simulate realistic flow dynamics. The third module was evaluated for one of the study cases. The results of this indicated that the current approach could be used to identify flood areas and associated flood depths during different rainfall scenarios. The outcomes of this study could be used in a wide variety of contexts. For example, it could provide information in areas with data scarcity or uncertainty or serve as a tool for prospective planning, design, and decision making.

Review of individualized current flow modeling studies for transcranial electrical stimulation.

There is substantial intersubject variability of behavioral and neurophysiological responses to transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), which represents one of the most important limitations of tES. Many tES protocols utilize a fixed experimental parameter set disregarding individual anatomical and physiological properties. This one-size-fits-all approach might be one reason for the observed interindividual response variability. Simulation of current flow applying head models based on available anatomical data can help to individualize stimulation parameters and contribute to the understanding of the causes of this response variability. Current flow modeling can be used to retrospectively investigate the characteristics of tES effectivity. Previous studies examined, for example, the impact of skull defects and lesions on the modulation of current flow and demonstrated effective stimulation intensities in different age groups. Furthermore, uncertainty analysis of electrical conductivities in current flow modeling indicated the most influential tissue compartments. Current flow modeling, when used in prospective study planning, can potentially guide stimulation configurations resulting in individually effective tES. Specifically, current flow modeling using individual or matched head models can be employed by clinicians and scientists to, for example, plan dosage in tES protocols for individuals or groups of participants. We review studies that show a relationship between the presence of behavioral/neurophysiological responses and features derived from individualized current flow models. We highlight the potential benefits of individualized current flow modeling.

Teaching as evolutionary precursor to language

The central thesis of this article is that the evolution of teaching is one of the main factors that lead to increasingly complex communicative systems in the hominin species. Following earlier analyses of the evolution of teaching, the following steps are identified: (i) evaluative feedback, (ii) drawing attention, (iii) demonstration and pantomime, (iv) communicating concepts, (v) explaining relations between concepts, and (vi) narrating. For each of these step the communicative and cognitive demands will be analyzed. The focus will be on demonstration and pantomime, since these seem to be the evolutionarily earliest unique human capacities. An important step is the transition from pantomime for teaching to pantomime for informing and how this in turn leads to communicating concepts. As regards explaining relations between concepts, the focus will be of the role of generics in teaching and communication. Analyzing these topics involves combining cognitive science with evolutionary theory, archaeology and theories of communication. Two factors are important as a background: (i) the evolution of prospective planning, that is, planning for future goals, and (ii) the evolution of a theory mind. These capacities are central in explaining how more advanced forms of teaching, communication and cooperation emerged along the hominin line.

Specialty-Aligned Palliative Care: Responding to the Needs of a Tertiary Care Health System.

Expanding specialty palliative care within complex health systems involves consideration of patients' unmet needs, clinicians' perceptions of palliative care, and the availability of palliative care resources. Prior to this quality improvement (QI) project, palliative care services in our health system primarily served oncology patients. We undertook a prospective strategic planning process that included executive sponsorship and engagement of institutional leaders and clinicians to help define which palliative care services were most needed by the health system. We interviewed and surveyed a broad range of clinicians including physicians, nurse practitioners, and social workers. The two most prominent themes that emerged from the stakeholder engagement process were clinicians' wish for specialty-aligned interprofessional palliative care teams and for expansion of nononcology palliative care access. Careful needs assessment and stakeholder engagement can result in goal-directed and data-driven expansion of palliative care services within tertiary health care systems.

Dilemas del Instituto de Planeación Democrática y Prospectiva de la Ciudad de México para la democratización del proceso de planeación de la Ciudad

The objective of the document is to explore the dilemmas faced by the Institute for Democratic and Prospective Planning of Mexico City (IPDP) to legitimize the Planning System that emerged with the political reform, including citizen participation mechanisms for the democratization of processes. urban related to the planning and management of the territory.For this purpose, the paper explains that the dilemmas faced by the IPDP are related to four basic conditions: a) the challenges of managing urban policies in a global capitalist context from a progressive position; b) the integration of the technical teams and how they serve (or not) the common good and their capacity for coordination with the different sectors and levels of government and agreement with private actors; c) the coverage of visions and interests of the different actors in the plans and programs (their quality and their position with the rest of the public administration); and, d) the construction of participatory scenarios.

Constitución, desigualdad y desequilibrio territorial

The work analyzes the impact of the 2017 Constitution on how to address the structural transformation of Mexico City in terms of the interrelation between socioeconomic inequalities and urban heterogeneity. To this end, the government’s programmatic documents for 2019-2021 and the projects of the Institute for Democratic and Prospective Planning submitted to the public’s consideration are reviewed. There is a need to clarify and strengthen some approaches in relation to the viability of complying with the established purposes.

Bounded rational decision-making models suggest capacity-limited concurrent motor planning in human posterior parietal and frontal cortex.

While traditional theories of sensorimotor processing have often assumed a serial decision-making pipeline, more recent approaches have suggested that multiple actions may be planned concurrently and vie for execution. Evidence for the latter almost exclusively stems from electrophysiological studies in posterior parietal and premotor cortex of monkeys. Here we study concurrent prospective motor planning in humans by recording functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a delayed response task engaging movement sequences towards multiple potential targets. We find that also in human posterior parietal and premotor cortex delay activity modulates both with sequence complexity and the number of potential targets. We tested the hypothesis that this modulation is best explained by concurrent prospective planning as opposed to the mere maintenance of potential targets in memory. We devise a bounded rationality model with information constraints that optimally assigns information resources for planning and memory for this task and determine predicted information profiles according to the two hypotheses. When regressing delay activity on these model predictions, we find that the concurrent prospective planning strategy provides a significantly better explanation of the fMRI-signal modulations. Moreover, we find that concurrent prospective planning is more costly and thus limited for most subjects, as expressed by the best fitting information capacities. We conclude that bounded rational decision-making models allow relating both behavior and neural representations to utilitarian task descriptions based on bounded optimal information-processing assumptions.

Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio for assessment of left main bifurcation derived from a single fluoroscopic angiographic view as compared to FFRCT

Abstract Background In patients with complex CAD, the presence of left main (LM) disease is an important prognostic factor in assessing the risk balance between PCI and CABG. Functional assessment has become standard of care to evaluate the significance of coronary stenosis and to justify the performance of PCI in the contemporary practice. FFRCT is a well-established method based on 3D reconstruction of coronary artery derived from CCTA. The Murray law-based quantitative flow reserve (μQFR) is a novel computational method of invasive angiography relying on a single angiographic view that takes into account side branches diameters to compute fractal flow division. The aim of the current analysis is to evaluate in patients with complex CAD the feasibility of μQFR in LM bifurcation and its diagnostic concordance with FFRCT. The impact of the optimal viewing angle defined by CCTA on the physiological assessment of the LM bifurcation using a single angiographic view was also evaluated. Methods In 299 consecutive patients with 3-vessel disease with or without LM coronary artery disease, up to 3 analyzable fluoroscopic projections per patient were analysed with μQFR retrospectively. FFRCT and μQFR were measured at 3 fiducial landmark points: i) point of LM bifurcation (POB); ii) proximal LAD 10 mm distal to POB; ii) proximal LCX 10 mm distal to POB. CCTA-based “optimal viewing angle” of LM bifurcation are computed by creating a 3-point closed spline involving the LM, LAD, and LCX at 5mm from the POB and subsequently by reconstructing the “en face” fluoroscopic viewing angle of the spline. The en face viewing angle provides an optimal assessment of the bifurcation geometry [1]. In terms of Rx gantry angulation, the closest angiographic projection to the optimal viewing angle derived from CCTA was defined as the “best fluoroscopic projection” for each patient. Results In 299 patients, 793 projections were analysed with μQFR and compared to FFRCT. Single view μQFR was analyzable in 100%. Correlation and agreement between μQFR and FFRCT for 793 projections in 299 patients are shown in Figure 1A, 2A. The Spearman's correlation coefficient showed moderate correlations at POB (r=0.481, p<0.001) and LCX (r=0.584, p<0.001), and strong correlation at LAD (r=0.642, p<0.001). Correlation and agreement between μQFR and FFRCT for best projections from each patient are shown in Figure 1B, 2B. Correlations were improved in the best projections with the following Spearman's correlation coefficient: at POB (r=0.522, p<0.001), LCX (r=0.622, p<0.001), and LAD (r=0.695, p<0.001). Conclusion Computation of μQFR from a single angiographic view has a high feasibility. Tailored optimal fluoroscopic view is essential for the physiological assessment of the LM bifurcation using a single angiographic view. Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of μQFR warrants further analysis of the LMCAD after prospective planning of the optimal fluoroscopic view based on the selection of the best CCTA 3D view. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Bucco-palatal implant position and its impact on soft tissue level in the maxillary esthetic zone.

The term "buccal implant position" is commonly used but lacks a precise definition and missing a reference point. Considering its major impact on peri-implantitis and esthetic failures the purpose of this study was to find a correlation between bucco-palatal implant positioning and the midfacial soft tissue level of implant crowns using newly defined Emergence-points. Patients with unilateral single-tooth implant crowns in the region of the central or lateral maxillary incisor were included in this study. Digital intraoral scans were superimposed over a scan of the master cast or the original digital data set and analyzed in a computer planning program. In relation to the corresponding natural tooth, an ideal Emergence-point (EIDEAL -point) was defined from a frontal view. The distance to the real Emergence-point (EREAL -point) of the implant crown was correlated to apical displacement (AD) of peri-implant soft tissue. The distance of the implant shoulder (I-point) to the real Emergence-point (EREAL -point) of the implant crown was also correlated to the AD of peri-implant soft tissue. In cross sections, the horizontal distance between EREAL - and I-point represents the sagittal implant position (SIP), and the vertical distance represents the vertical implant position (VIP). Seventy-three patients met the inclusion criteria. AD ranged from 0 to 3.5 mm (AD=0.87 ± 1.01), SIP from 0.2 to 5.1 mm (AD=2.66 ± 1.64). Statistical analysis showed a significant inverse correlation between AD and SIP (ρ= -.55, p <.001). VIP, the implant inclination, time span since implant insertion, and phenotype revealed no significant correlation to AD. The more palatal the implant was positioned, the less AD was observed. The position of the implant shoulder should preferably be planned more than 2 mm behind the ideal E-point. This E-point can be used for implant planning as it defines the ideal crown length for prospective planning.

Розроблення та впровадження Системи інформаційного забезпечення землеробства

Goal. To develop and implement the System of Information Support for Agriculture in Research Farms of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. Methods. The Information System will have 4 blocks: 1 — a database of general data on agricultural resources used in the process of agricultural production; 2 — a block for filling in information about individual agricultural enterprises; 3 — a block of planning and operational management of agricultural technologies, irrigation and water regulation; 4 — a program complex for multivariate simulation modeling of prospective scenarios of the development of individual economic units, their associations within territorial communities, land reclamation systems, homogeneous in terms of agricultural resource potential of regions or territories. Results. The agricultural information support system will make it possible to objectively assess the agricultural resource potential of research farms of the National Academy of Sciences, to quickly provide information on the state of crops and features of the development of crops, and to justify agrotechnological and other management decisions. In addition, the System will provide the possibility of independent current and prospective planning of the activities of research farms of the National Academy of Sciences based on understanding the impact and mutual influence of interrelated dynamic factors of the environment and various components of agricultural production. As a result, the staff of research farms of the NAAS system will be able to make informed management decisions in a specific situation and in the future, based on the reference information, as well as thanks to the use of complex and branch software products. Conclusions. After the creation and implementation of the Agricultural Information Support System in the experimental farms of the National Academy of Sciences, their management staff will be able to more effectively use the available agricultural resources in their optimal combination, systematically improve and develop the structure of agricultural production, which guarantees a purposeful and radical increase in the economic, social and environmental efficiency of the activities of the experimental farms of the National Academy of Sciences.

Acuity-Based Staffing in Labor and Delivery Using Electronic Health Record Data.

Planning safe and effective nurse staffing can be challenging for nurse leaders of labor and delivery units due to the dynamic nature of birth and unpredictable fluctuations in census and acuity. The electronic health record (EHR) has a vast source of patient data that can be used to retrospectively review patient needs and nurse staffing gaps that can serve as a basis for prospective planning for nurse staffing. This quality improvement project was initiated with the goal of developing real-time and longitudinal reports to quantify hourly nurse staffing needs based on patient census, acuity, and required clinical interventions from data that are contained with the EHR. The plan was to determine trends and nurse staffing needs for each 24-hour period every day of the week and identify ongoing staffing patterns to meet the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses' (AWHONN) staffing guidelines. The obstetric nursing leadership team worked with the information technology specialists and developed an algorithm that identifies patient acuity level, indicated clinical interventions, and outlines necessary staffing requirements to provide safe high-quality care. Various reports were built in the EHR to inform the nursing leadership team about nurse staffing on a real-time and historical basis. The reports provided quantitative data that supported a budgetary increase in nurse staffing and a more flexible nurse staffing scheduling system to meet the needs of the patients. The project was successfully implemented in all four of the hospital system maternity units. Use of EHR in labor and delivery units is nearly universal. Working with the information technology specialists to integrate nurse staffing data into the EHR is one way to align nurse staffing with the AWHONN nurse staffing standards in real-time and for projections of nurse staffing needs based on unit historical patient data.

Hospital In Home: Evaluating Need and Readiness for Implementation (HENRI) in the Department of Veterans Affairs: protocol for a mixed-methods evaluation and participatory implementation planning study

Background and objectivesThe Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Hospital-In-Home (HIH) program delivers patient-centered, acute-level hospital care at home. Compared to inpatient care, HIH has demonstrated improved patient safety, effectiveness, and patient and caregiver satisfaction. The VA Office of Geriatrics & Extended Care (GEC) has supported the development of 12 HIH program sites nationally, yet adoption in VA remains modest, and questions remain regarding optimal implementation practices to extend reach and adaptability of this innovation. Guided by theoretical and procedural implementation science frameworks, this study aims to systematically gather evidence from the 12 HIH programs and to develop a participatory approach to engage stakeholders, assess readiness, and develop/adapt implementation strategies and evaluation metrics.Research design and methodsWe propose a multi-phase concurrent triangulation design comprising of (1) qualitative interviews with key informants and document review, (2) quantitative evaluation of effectiveness outcomes, and (3) mixed-methods synthesis and adaptation of a Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM)-guided conceptual framework.ResultsThe prospective phase will involve a participatory process of identifying stakeholders (leadership, HIH staff, veterans, and caregivers), engaging in planning meetings informed by implementation mapping, and developing implementation logic models and blueprints. The process will be assessed using a mixed-methods approach through participant observation and document review.Discussion and implicationThis study will support the continued spread of HIH programs, generate a catalog of HIH implementation evidence, and create implementation tools and infrastructure for future HIH development. The multi-phase nature of informing prospective planning with retrospective analysis is consistent with the Learning Health System framework.

Supporting prospective mathematics teachers’ planning and teaching technology-based tasks in the context of a practicum course

The introduction of digital technologies into mathematics classrooms requires the creation of suitable technology-based mathematics resources, as well as educating and encouraging teachers to use these resources. This study examines four prospective secondary mathematics teachers' planning and teaching of technology-based mathematical tasks in the scope of a 14-week practicum course within a four-year mathematics education programme in Türkiye. Dynamic Geometry Task Analysis and Instrumental Orchestration frameworks have been chosen as the conceptual basis of the study. Action research towards a cyclical process is used to analyse how the incorporation of two frameworks in the process guide or support the development of the prospective teachers' classroom practices with the use of technology. The findings of the study indicate that using the technology specific frameworks in a practicum course was helpful to improve prospective teachers’ designing and teaching technology-based tasks. They showed different development, change and evaluation in their tasks based on their teaching experiences through the process.