Prosocial Values Research Articles

Факторная модель личностного выбора соучастия в экстремальном добровольчестве и его диагностика

The article is devoted to improving psychological support for volunteering in extreme conditions. The emphasis is placed on the establishment of predictors of personal choice of participation in volunteerism, the development of an integrative model and diagnostic tools for assessing readiness for participating activities. The subject of the study is a model of personal choice of participation in extreme volunteerism. The aim is to substantiate an integrative model of personal choice of participation in extreme volunteerism, to develop an appropriate diagnostic methodology based on it. The methodological basis is based on axiological, holistic, activity-based and subjective approaches. Semantic analysis of diagnostic constructs, as well as expert assessment and psychological testing were used (questionnaire «Scale of dispositional egoism» (K. Muzdybaev); questionnaire «Motivation for help» (S.K. Nartova-Bochaver); questionnaire of value orientations (adaptation of M. Rokich's methodology); indicative questionnaire «Personality orientation» (V. Smekal, M. Kucera adaptation by N.M. Peisakhov); questionnaire on motivation of volunteer activity (K.V. Gil); methodology for diagnosing achievement motivation (A. Mehrabian); methods of diagnosing personal maturity (V.A. Ruzhenkov); test of resilience (S. Muddy, adaptation by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova); questionnaire «Coping behavior» (R. Lazurus, S. Folkman, adaptation by S. Hobfall); value questionnaire (Sh. Schwartz); original author's methods – a questionnaire for assessing the propensity to extreme volunteering, an assessment of manifestations of professional personality deformation, a questionnaire for evaluating the choice of participation in extreme volunteerism). The sample size is 218 people. Applied: descriptive statistics, factor analysis, meta-analysis of data. According to the results of the study, the 16 factor structure of the choice of complicity is justified, which includes: «Prosocial value orientations», «Ideality», «Integrity of worldview», «Voluntary sense orientation», «Motivation», «Interest in volunteerism», «Propensity to extreme activity», «Dedication», «Critical thinking», «Extreme perceptual congruence», «Emotional stenicity», «Self-control», «Activity in extreme conditions», «Extreme vitality», «Self-organization», «Reliability». The novelty lies in the development of an integrative model and a questionnaire for evaluating the choice of participation in volunteerism. The results can be applied by psychologists of law enforcement agencies and volunteer organizations in conducting psychological selection and training of volunteers.

Consumerbased conceptualisation of brand transparency: scope, characteristics and contextual determinants

Purpose Escalating uncertainty surrounding brand communications has intensified consumer demands for transparency. Many definitions link transparency to the quantity of shared information, yet more information might not alleviate consumer uncertainty. The purpose of this paper is to develop a consumer-based conceptualisation of brand transparency that recognises the subjectivity in how transparency manifests for consumers. Design/methodology/approach This research adopts a qualitative approach, leveraging 10 exploratory interviews with experts and 20 in-depth interviews with consumers. Findings Confronted with information asymmetry, consumers rely on cues (openness, clarity, timeliness, evidence-based, explanatory) to evaluate a brand’s intentions to provide accurate information about focal domains in a way that establishes brand transparency. Focal domains of brand transparency (pro-social values, processes and product and service offerings) evolve in line with changing consumer expectations. Both consumer relationships and brand experiences influence brand transparency perceptions. Research limitations/implications This study challenges an inherent assumption that access to more information informs brand transparency perceptions; instead, consumers require transparency about salient and focal topics. By delineating the observable signals consumers use to infer transparency and highlighting how consumers’ biases towards certain brands and product categories influence their perceptions of brand transparency, this study contributes to customer–brand relationship literature. Practical implications The authors identify challenges for evoking brand transparency perceptions when information is salient. The authors stress the importance of open dialogue across all touchpoints to address consumer queries. Originality/value By challenging some assumptions of brand transparency literature, which have evolved from accounting and governance disciplines, this research introduces a distinctive perspective on consumer-based brand transparency.

Employment in the tourism and hospitality industry: Toward a unified value proposition

This paper investigates employer attributes and perceptions of industry reputation and industry attractiveness, and their impact on employees’ intention to stay in tourism and hospitality. Results show that desired reputation, training, and development value, and prosocial value significantly influence perceptions of industry reputation. Desired diversity and prosocial value have a positive relation to industry attractiveness, while training and development value is negatively related. Perceptions of the industry attractiveness are a major contributor to the intention to remain within the sector. This paper seeks to further the discourse concerning employer branding by introducing an employment value proposition perspective applicable across industries.

Legitimation work in privatized criminal justice: Softening, shrinking, and signaling

How do private companies justify taking on criminal justice functions? Building on writing on legitimacy and privatization, this article describes three rhetorical practices intended to increase the legitimacy of private companies carrying out criminal justice functions: softening (obscuring the use of force); shrinking (demonstrating deference to the state); and signaling (proclaiming alignment with pro-social values). The article demonstrates the analytic utility of these categories by considering public-facing Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reports produced by one prominent company in the private corrections industry (CoreCivic). The conceptual typology of legitimation work brings together several dynamics that are common in privatized criminal justice and provides an analytic toolkit for future study. A discussion considers how researchers can use this typology to examine legitimation work by other private firms and industries that engage the criminal justice system.

Social Enterprise Intention of Non-STEM University Students: Experimental Evidence

The concept of social enterprise is an imperative facet of modern entrepreneurship that emphasizes the potential for businesses to generate profits while promoting societal well-being. However, this dual objective presents a significant challenge for entrepreneurs as it demands a strong commitment to social responsibility. Our study aimed to investigate the emerging trend of anti-social decisions made by young people in response to complex socio-economic constraints. The inquiry involved a series of classroom experiment conducted on 240 undergraduates in a hypothetical environment. The experiments presented the participants with opportunities to make prosocial or anti-social decisions regarding their occupational choices under four different socio-economic conditions and also in a structured coordination game. The results suggest that prospective employees may be more likely to make choices that benefit themselves, rather than others, when faced with difficult social and economic situations. However, those who opt to be self-employed expressed the highest prosocial motivation, indicating a strong desire to contribute to society. It is important to take these findings into account when creating educational policies and adjusting economic policies, such as tax policies. We need to encourage and educate young people in Sri Lanka to develop and express their desire to create positive social change, by promoting pro-social values and behaviors.

Ресурсы психологической безопасности студентов в напряженной социокультурной среде: обзор теоретических и эмпирических исследований

<p>Global social transformations affected people are taking place in the modern world. This influence can negatively affect representatives of the younger generation – students who do not have personal and social maturity and are in the process of professional development. The problem of the study is to identify the resources for psychological safety of students in a tense sociocultural environment. The article presents a review of scientific works from 2019 to 2023 using the electronic bibliographic databases RSCI and Scopus. More than 70 scientific articles with the results of theoretical and empirical studies of the problem of human psychological safety resources in a tense sociocultural environment were analyzed. The studies involved civilians living in territories with special conditions, including territories of military conflicts: teenagers, adults, students. Based on the results of a systematic review, a theoretical model is proposed. It includes external and internal resources for the psychological safety of students in a tense sociocultural environment. The features of students' socialization and the resources of the educational environment are identified as key external resources. Internal ones include cognitive regulation of emotions, constructive defense mechanisms, prosocial values and social intelligence, which act as the main resources for overcoming traumatic experiences, influencing subjective well-being and ensuring the psychological safety of students. The proposed theoretical model can serve as the basis for the development of psychological support programs for students. Research prospects can be presented in the context of empirical verification of the theoretical model.</p>

Strategies to combat misinformation: Enduring effects of a 15-minute online intervention on critical-thinking adolescents

How is it possible to socialize adolescents to become more vigilant in spotting fake news? In the present preregistered, randomized controlled trial (N = 1476), we aimed to implement a scalable, online counter-misinformation intervention by promoting family-based prosocial values and putting them in an expert role to build resistance against misinformation among adolescents. In this intervention, participants were endowed with an expert role and requested to write a letter to their digitally less experienced relatives elucidating six strategies to identify misinformation. We found immediate effects of the intervention (d = 0.17), but these effects disappeared after four weeks. However, those high school students who followed the instructions (N = 791) and had a higher need for cognition demonstrated a substantial benefit in correctly spotting fake news four weeks after the intervention compared to the control group (d+1 SD need for cognition = 0.28, d+2 SD need for cognition = 0.51). The present work demonstrates the power of using classic social psychological components, such as a digital mindset, expertise role, and prosocial strategies, to achieve long-term behavioral change among certain adolescents. Our approach might complement prior nudge and inoculation interventions in the fight against misinformation in this age group.

Global Evolutionary Perspectives on Gender Differences in Religiosity, Family, Politics and Pro-Social Values Based on the Data from the World Values Survey

Global Evolutionary Perspectives on Gender Differences in Religiosity, Family, Politics and Pro-Social Values Based on the Data from the World Values Survey

Linking Performance Appraisal and Government Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior

This study investigates the relationship between performance appraisal (PA) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among Korean government employees, integrating social exchange theory, prosocial values, and impression management perspectives. It analyzes how employees respond to PA’s perceived effectiveness, focusing on both direct and indirect effects of PA components alongside traditional OCB antecedents. Surveying 3,336 employees, the findings indicate positive correlations between performance feedback adequacy, PA fairness, and OCB, but a negative link with PA leniency. Organizational commitment emerged as a key mediator, especially between PA leniency, performance feedback frequency, and OCB. The study emphasizes the importance of a well-structured PA system to foster employee engagement in OCB.

How Rohingya refugee parents support children’s prosocial development in crisis-affected and resettlement contexts: Findings from India and Canada

Abstract We know little about how parents protect and promote children’s prosocial development during humanitarian crises. This qualitative study examined Rohingya refugee parents’ psychosocial perspectives and the processes they use to socialize prosocial values and behaviours in their children. Interviews (descriptive and in-depth qualitative) were conducted with 100 parents living in a refugee settlement in India (n = 100 descriptive; n = 5 in-depth) and 4 parents resettled in a mid-sized Canadian city (n = 4 descriptive; n = 4 in-depth). An inductive, ‘contextualist’ thematic analysis (TA) was conducted on the in-depth interviews to develop three overarching themes: (1) parents’ prosocial values and beliefs; (2) environmental conditions influencing parents’ available pathways for promoting children’s prosocial development; and (3) parents’ prosocial socialization and protection practices. The findings indicate that parents’ prosocial beliefs and contextual factors inform their parenting decisions and practices. Recommendations are provided for enriching parents’ capacity to promote child prosocial development in contexts of adversity.

Testing Key Concepts of Three Delinquency Theories in a Multi-National Sample of Adolescents

ABSTRACT We test the generalizability of three mainstream delinquency theories across different cultural contexts by differentiating their core theoretical elements in general strain theory (economic stress, negative life events, victimization), social learning theory (deviant friends, beliefs) and social control theory (self-control, social bonds, parental supervision). We draw on data collected from 67,004 youth aged 12 to 16 years old from 33 countries in the International Self-Report Delinquency project (ISRD3) where cultural context is operationalized by nine country clusters. OLS models show that several variables (delinquent friends, victimization, self-control, parental supervision, anticipated shame, pro-social values) have different but significant effects across all country clusters, supporting the universality of these correlates. However, not all correlates (teacher bonds, family deprivation, social bonds) were statistically significant, suggesting a mediating role for culture. When accounting for the explanatory power of the models, we find variation across country clusters. Furthermore, the test for the predictive equality of coefficients for a subsample of clusters found significant differences for some variables. We conclude with recommendations for future research and cross-national criminology development.

A dual‐angle exploration towards understanding lapses in COVID‐19 social responsibility

AbstractBreaking infection chains requires not just behaviours that allow individuals to stay healthy and uninfected (i.e. health protective behaviours) but also for those who are possibly infected to protect others from their harboured infection risk (i.e. socially responsible behaviours). However, socially responsible behaviours entail costs without clear, immediate benefits to the individual, such that public health‐risking lapses occur from time to time. In this important yet understudied area, the current exploratory study sought to identify possible psychological factors that may affect people's likelihood of engaging in socially responsible behaviours. Assuming that self‐perceived infection should provide an impetus to engage in socially responsible behaviours, we contend that lapses could occur in two scenarios: discounting of possible infection or prioritizing self‐interest over collective good. Through a vignette portraying COVID‐19 relevant symptoms presented to culturally diverse participants (Singapore and United States; N = 645), we found dispositional denialism (an ego defence mechanism) to exert a negative indirect effect on likelihood of engaging in socially responsible behaviours through its negative association with perceived infection status. Further, social value orientation and cultural orientation appeared to significantly moderate the positive association between perceived infection status and the likelihood of engaging in socially responsible behaviours, such that the positive association held only when individuals espouse both a prosocial value orientation and a collectivistic cultural orientation. Further analyses also point toward a possible attenuation of this positive association when individuals espouse a vertical cultural orientation. Future directions and implications for public health management are discussed.

Organizational Culture, Adaptation, and Performance

Prior research emphasizes how organizational culture can hinder organizational adaptation. In this study, we investigate how organizational culture can help promote organizational adaptation to environmental changes, using a formal model from cultural evolution theory. In the model, organizational members face a trade-off between innovating versus following tradition (because environmental changes are uncertain). Members can also decide to help others who are following the tradition, thereby improving its diffusion. Organizational leaders shape the culture of their organization, which influences members’ decisions to choose innovation or tradition or to help others following tradition. Culture comprises two dimensions: beliefs and prosocial values. We find that increasing the accuracy of beliefs leads to improvements in both innovation and following tradition, thereby mitigating the trade-off between them and boosting adaptation and performance. On prosocial values, we find that increasing their intensity reduces the cost of following tradition but at the expense of reduced adaptation, resulting in an inverted-U relationship between intensity of prosocial values and performance. Overall, we show how leaders can fine-tune the dimensions of organizational culture to foster improvements in adaptation and performance. The formal model we introduce is novel to the literature and offers a way of studying adaptation to a changing environment and to incorporate social learning into models of adaptation under bounded rationality. Funding: J. Poblete was supported by Instituto Sistemas Complejos de Ingenieria [Grant ANID PIA/PUENTE AFB230002]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16791 .

CSR disclosure and investor social preferences: heterogenous investor responses to media reports on corporate greenwashing

PurposeThere is emerging evidence in the accounting literature that investors react negatively to corporate greenwashing. But does that hold for all investors, or do different types of investors react differently? This paper aims to study retail investors’ responses to media reports on corporate greenwashing and how these responses depend upon the investors’ social value orientation. The authors argue that media reporting on corporate greenwashing negatively affects the rationale for allocating funds to firms engaging in greenwashing. The authors also expect this reaction to be stronger for prosocial investors compared to proself investors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct an online experiment with 229 participants representing retail investors in the German-speaking countries.FindingsThe results show that retail investors who received media reports on deceptive disclosure invest more funds in the company that does not engage in greenwashing (and less in the firm that engages in greenwashing) than investors who did not receive these reports. The authors’ results provide novel evidence that this effect primarily holds for investors with a prosocial value orientation. Finally, the authors’ data show that lower trust in the firm that engages in greenwashing partially mediates the effect of media reports on investor choices.Originality/valueThe authors provide unique evidence how different types of investors react to media reports on greenwashing. The authors find that moral motives, rather than risk-return considerations, drive investor responses to greenwashing. Overall, these findings support the important function of the media as an intermediary in stock market participation and highlight the pivotal role of individual traits in investors’ responses to greenwashing.

How and when servant leadership fosters employee voice behavior: Evidence from Chinese local governments

Servant leaders serve others and the public altruistically. Knowledge of the relationship between servant leadership and followers’ attitudes and behaviors in the public sector remains limited, despite its benefits. Drawing on social learning theory and the theory of leader–member exchange (LMX), this study analyzes the mechanism through which servant leadership influences employee voice behavior in the public sector and explores the moderating effect of LMX. To test our research hypotheses, we employ two-wave data from 134 leader–employee dyads working in the Administrative Approval Service Center in a northeastern Chinese city. The results indicate that servant leadership predicts employee prosocial values motives and further influences voice behavior. Moreover, LMX strengthens the relationship between servant leadership and prosocial values motives, and its indirect effect. Our study sheds light on how and when servant leadership affects employee voice behavior, with implications for public administration practices and promoting civil servants’ voice behavior.

College Students’ Personality Traits and Network Cluster Behavioral Intention: The Mediating Effect of Interpersonal Relationships and the Moderating Effect of Prosocial Values

College Students’ Personality Traits and Network Cluster Behavioral Intention: The Mediating Effect of Interpersonal Relationships and the Moderating Effect of Prosocial Values

Enjeu de la transparence des prix auprès des consommateurs : une application aux produits issus du commerce équitable

This research focuses on a topic that has been little explored in the literature: the effect of price decomposition on consumer preference. The issue of transparency is particularly relevant in the case of sustainable products given the values of responsibility they convey. An empirical investigation, combining a dual qualitative and quantitative approach, was carried out on fair-trade chocolate. The results confirm that, while consumers are generally skeptical of high prices, breaking them down favors preference and thus tends to increase the acceptability of premium fair trade chocolates. In addition, a cluster analysis highlighted the role of prosocial values and experience with fair trade products in the preference for detailed price information.

Empathy as a crucial skill in disrupting disparities in global brain health.

Brain health refers to the state of a person's brain function across various domains, including cognitive, behavioral and motor functions. Healthy brains are associated with better individual health, increased creativity, and enhanced productivity. A person's brain health is intricately connected to personal, social and environmental factors. Racial, ethnic, and social disparities affect brain health and on the global scale these disparities within and between regions present a hurdle to brain health. To overcome global disparities, greater collaboration between practitioners and healthcare providers and the people they serve is essential. This requires cultural humility driven by empathy. Empathy is a core prosocial value, a cognitive-emotional skill that helps us understand ourselves and others. This position paper aims to provide an overview of the vital roles of empathy, cooperation, and interdisciplinary partnerships. By consciously integrating this understanding in practice, leaders can better position themselves to address the diverse challenges faced by communities, promote inclusivity in policies and practices, and further more equitable solutions to the problem of global brain health.

Crime prevention by adjusting educational contents to the dynamics of society: an argument for the individualization of the educational process

The education of the population cannot be achieved without taking into account the dynamics of society. This fact must be taken into account especially at the level of formal education. A fair approach to educational contents determines the solution and prevention of many social problems, especially criminality, because education is the most accessible tool through which we can influence people’s behavior in a positive way. In the specific case of the Republic of Moldova, the development of emotional and civic skills in the context of the instructional-educational process is of particular importance at the moment. The structure of criminality in the Republic of Moldova reflects the most serious social problems: corruption, family violence, hostile attitude towards the tax system, alcoholism, unsafe road traffic, etc. All solutions developed in the justice system are ineffective. Only in the field of education is there hope, and at the same time only educational institutions can fulfill the preventive role of educating and informing the population by cultivating prosocial values. Law through punishment only has the ability to curb people’s negative impulses, but not to make them act prosocially due to their own conviction.

Psychological approaches to the analysis of social entrepreneurship

Introduction. The unique combination of economic and social components of social entrepreneurship distinguishes it from purely entrepreneurial activity and makes it a subject of psychological research. Aim. Based on the relevant scientific literature, to determine the main psychological approaches to the analysis of social entrepreneurship. Methods. Theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific psychological literature on the problem of interest. Results. The analysis of the relevant scientific literature allowed determining the following vectors of research into the psychological foundations of social entrepreneurship: entrepreneurs' activity type, behavior type, and personal traits. Social entrepreneurship as a special activity is characterized by activity goals, features, values, motivation, and type of interaction. Besides, social entrepreneurship as a type of personal behavior combines entrepreneurial, organizational, and helping behaviors. The social entrepreneurs' personal features include entrepreneurial, organizational and personally supportive ones. Conclusions. The study of approaches to the analysis of social entrepreneurship was focused on types of activity (activity goals, signs and motivation, values, and interactions at different levels), the types of behavior (entrepreneurial, organizational, and helping activities), as well as a set of entrepreneurs' personal features (the psychological portrait of a classic entrepreneur is supplemented with their personally supporting qualities and prosocial values).