Proportion Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Research Articles

Exclusive Breast Feeding Status and its Determinant among HIV Positive Women in West Showa Zone Oromia Region Ethiopia

Introduction: During the first six months of their life replacement feeding is recommended for infants born from HIV positive women under the condition of acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe. Where this is not achievable, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is suggested during the first six months of life. Objective: To assess the EBF practice of HIV positive women and its determinants with in a selected health facilities of West showa zone Oromia region. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was carried out among HIV-positive women attending PMTCT service using structured questioners. Consecutive sampling technique was applied in order to interview women. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and multiple variable logistic regressions were done to identify risk factors of Exclusive breast feeding. Result: The proportion of exclusive breast feeding was 23.98%. Majority (79.34%) of the study subjects knew that HIV can transmit from mother to child during breast feeding. Mothers who had secondary educational status were three times more likely to give exclusive breast feeding than those who had no formal education (OR, 3.04 95% CI=2.72, 6.52). Mothers with household income earned 500-1000 birr were 2 times more likely to practice EBF than who earned 2000 birr (OR, 2.11 95% CI=1.93, 3.50). Compared to government employee women those who have self employee were 3.5 times more likely to practice EBF (OR, 3.51 95% CI=1.65-6.37). Mothers who delivered by C/S were 2.01 times more likely to practice EBF than those delivered by SVD (OR, 2.01 95% CI=1.07-4.38). Conclusion: The study revealed important findings which affect the practice of exclusive breast feeding of HIV positive mothers. All concerned bodies involvement is necessarily on infant feeding counseling to bring behavioral change in within communities for the better life of newborns.

Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among lactating women in sub-Himalayan region

Introduction: Trend of faltering growth in children begins in the critical period of first 2 years of life, and a major cause is due to faulty feeding practices. Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spacing, and prevention of childhood infections. Aim: To determine factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). Methodology: The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey technique with thirty clusters proposed by the World Health Organization was used for the purpose of this study. Results: EBF was reported by 48.1% (101/210) of mothers. Among the 55% who initiated breastfeed in an hour of birth, 56.5% were EBF as compared to 43.5% were non-EBF and this difference was statistically significant (P - 0.01). As the education status of mothers increased from primary to matriculate the proportion of EBF decreased. Conclusions: Poor feeding practices are present across all socioeconomic groups, and a significant difference was observed with the age of mother, education status of both parents, occupation of father, and time of initiation of breastfeeding.

Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers who Work at Home at Tabanan Regency

Background and purpose: Working mothers and mothers who leave their babies in their home for more than 8 hours a day almost do not exclusively breastfeed their babies. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers who work at home and factors associated with it.Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted by convenience sampling of 132 mothers with 6-12 months babies at Puskesmas Marga I Tabanan Regency from March-April 2016. The data was collected by interview about social-demographic characteristic, knowledge, perception, pregnancy and maternity counseling, early breastfeeding initiation, families support, medical assistant and exclusive breastfeeding. The data analyzed by univariate, bivariate, multivariate using STATA 12.1. Chi square applied in bivariate analysis and poison regression applied in multivariate analysis.Results: Proportion of respondents who exclusively breastfeed their babies for 6 months was 66.67%. Reasons for not exclusively breastfeed were not enough breastmilk (32.58%), no breastmilk (13.64%), families suggestion (8.33%), babies refused breastmilk (6.06%), health provider suggestion (2.27%) and to avoid the shape of the breast (1.52%). Multivariate analysis found that variables associated with the exclusive breastfeeding were parity (APR=1.50; 95%CI: 1.01-2.15), early breasfeeding initiation (APR=1.80; 95%CI: 1.13-2.90) and families support (APR=1.4; 95%CI: 1.10-1.76).Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding were parities less than 3, early breasfeeding initiation and families support.

Relationship of Knowledge and Attitude among Midwives with the Implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Badung Regency

Background and purpose: Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Bali and also in Indonesia is still high while the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding fully for six months is still very low. One effort to improve exclusive breastfeeding is the early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) i.e. breastfeeding to infants shortly after birth. This study was conducted to determine the implementation of EIB by midwives and the factors that influence it.Methods: The study design was cross-sectional survey among 61 private practice midwives as respondents in Badung Regency. The respondents were all private practice midwives in three regencies purposively selected from six districts in Badung Regency. The data were collected through questionnaires filled out by midwives and analyzed by bivariate with chi-square test and multivariate using poisson regression method.Results: The IMD was implemented by 62.3% of the respondents. In the group of midwives having >4 patients per month significantly implemented the IMD more compared with those having ?4 patients per month i.e. 83.3% and 57.1% respectively (p=0.008). The implementation of IMD had a significant difference among midwives with higher knowledge i.e. 84.6% and 45.7% respectively (p=0.002), midwives having positive attitude were 79.1% vs. 22.2% (p=<0.001) and those having received supervision, namely 77.5% vs. 33.3% (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that factors associated with implementation of IMD was knowledge with APR=1.5 (95%CI: 1.04-2.1) and attitude with APR=2.7 (95%CI: 1.1-6.3).Conclusion: Knowledge and attitude had a significant relationship to the implementation of IMD by midwives.

Dietary determinant of severe acute malnutrition among infants: Evidence from a case controlled study at a Central Indian district

Breast feeding and complementary feeding practices ultimately determine the nutritional status of newborn at the end of infancy. The objective of the present study was to find the possible causes of malnutrition in context of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices adopted by families of infants aged 6-12 month old. A community-based, unmatched, case-controlled study was conducted involving 78 cases and 156 controls in the Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The study included infants aged 6- 12 months who were enrolled in the Integrated Child Development Scheme. Cases and controls were selected through a multi-staged sampling strategy. Cases were those with severe acute malnutrition and controls were those with no malnutrition as per the World Health Organization criteria. Data related to the breastfeeding, pre-lacteal feeding and complementary feeding practices were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out. P-value and Odds ratios were calculated. The proportion of exclusive breastfeeding among cases and control was 10.3% and 24.4% respectively. The high odds of malnutrition were related to lack of exclusively breastfeeding [COR(95% CI) = 4.69(2.50- 6.53)], lack of feeding semisolid food, less frequent complementary feedings [COR(95% CI) = 5.69(3.01- 8.93)], lack of hand washing by caregivers [COR(95% CI) =2.44 (1.10-3.19)], and lack of use of disinfected drinking water for infants. Proper health education should be imparted not only to mothers but also other family members involved in the child’s care.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(1) 2016: 32-39

Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice to infants aged less than six months in Offa district, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundWorld Health Organization (WHO) recommends timely initiation of breastfeeding after birth and only feeding breast milk to infants during the first 6 months of life. It was estimated that exclusive breastfeeding can reduce infant deaths by 13%. The practice of exclusive breastfeeding is suboptimal in many parts of Ethiopia to a varied extent. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice and the proportion of its practice was not well documented in Offa district. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life in Offa district, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in 396 mothers of infants younger than 6 months using random sampling. Data were collected from mothers of the infants by trained interviewers. Exclusive breastfeeding was measured by the history of infant feeding in the prior 24 h. Pretested and structured questionnaires adopted from standard questionnaires and Ethiopia linkages modules were used. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors significantly influencing exclusive breastfeeding practice.ResultsBased on findings of this study of 396 participants, the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding was 78.0% and awareness of exclusive breastfeeding and bottle feeding were 85.6 and 6.1% respectively. About 6% of infants were given prelacteal feeds. The number of infants fed cow milk was 12.9%, formula 7.8%, water 8.5%, fruits and semisolids 1.5%, over 24 h prior to the survey. The initiation of breastfeeding within one h (AOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1, 4.27), attending formal education (AOR 4; 95% CI 2.20, 7.25), having an awareness on the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (AOR 6; 95% CI 3.10, 11.70) and knowledge of colostrum feeding (AOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.11, 4.27) had a statistically significant association with exclusive breastfeeding in the study area.ConclusionsThe practice of exclusive breastfeeding as well as awareness was worthy in Offa district. Additionally the proportion of bottle feeding use was small. However, feeding other than breast milk was associated with the perception that breast milk alone was insufficient for their child. Strategies on promoting exclusive breastfeeding practice must focus on strengthening women’s education and awareness creation activities further.

KARAKTERISTIK SOSIO-DEMOGRAFI IBU TERHADAP PROPORSI PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA BALITA USIA DIATAS 6 BULAN HINGGA 24 BULAN DI DESA PEKUTATAN, KECAMATAN PEKUTATAN, KABUPATEN JEMBRANA BALI TAHUN 2015

National coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in 2010 amounted to 15.3%, has not reached the national target of 80%. UNICEF said that as many as 30,000 infant deaths in Indonesia and 10 million deaths of children under five in the world each year could be prevented through breastfeeding (breastfeeding) exclusively for six months from birth without having to provide additional food and drink to the baby.1 Provides energy and nutisi needed by infants during the first months of life and continued until the age of 2 years.2This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. Samples are mothers who have children ages 6 months to 24 months are taken by using simple random sampling that total of 52 peoples. This research was conducted in the Pekutatan village, Pekutatan subdistrict, Jembrana regency, in November 2015. The data was collected using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed by univariate and bivarite then presented in tabular form.Results and conclusions of this study was the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding at 30.8 percent. The proportion of exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 6-24 months based on the knowledge level that is equal to 80.2% good category, the largest age exclusive breastfeeding is above 18-30 years (76.9%), the highest parity namely the category of less than 2 (63.5%), ie the highest husband support both categories (53.8%), and the support of most health workers are good category (78.8%).Â

From tin at home: the other side of the coin of the breastfeeding

The promotion of breastfeeding and the monitoring of the prevalence of breastfeeding at discharge of the newborn is one of the priorities of the health plan's integrated ToscanaRegion [1]. Since 2004, it implemented various measures to promote breastfeeding and has been involved in various investigations: “Birth Path” on a sample of 1,657 women who had given birth year previous [2], “Being a mother informed” on 2,324 pregnant women in birth centers Toscani, your raving two to three months after the childbirth[3]; and finally a survey conducted in 2010 in which 5,885 questionnaires were administered to parents who accompanied the children to make the first or second dose of vaccine required, in 44 vaccination centers AUSL championships in the region. Since 2008 data on the prevalence of breastfeeding are found on the Certificate of Assistance at Childbirth (Cedap) compiled before discharge. This will get annual data on the entire population. Comparing data obtained in the investigation there was an increase of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge 66% in 2001 to 76% in 2010. The increase was confirmed in 2012 by Cedap service where, it should be noted, a proportion of exclusive breastfeeding by 85 % with higher percentages to ‘80 % in the Baby-friendly Hospital of Tuscany. The practice of breastfeeding exclusively decreases greatly from the earliest months of life. In fact, in the survey of 2010, children breastfed exclusively were 57.5%, 17.8% is nursed in a complementary and 24.7% were not breastfed. It would seem that mothers have the perception of having “less milk” or feel disoriented by the sudden increase in demand from nurse, often it is the so-called “crisis of the third month” when the child begins to show more interest to the environment exterior that is highly stimulating; or a “growth spurt” due to the increased demand of the growing child and needs to encourage more breast attaching more often. His most distractibility breast is interpreted by the mother as a reluctance to suckle the breast and this affects the maternal perception of not having enough milk.

A study of feeding practices among infants born to HIV-infected mothers and its association with morbidity in infants

<b>Context:</b> Globally, 2.3 million children have been victims of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as of December 2006. Transmission through breastfeeding (BF) is estimated to account for one third to one half of all these pediatric HIV infections. <b>Aim:</b> To study the feeding practices followed by HIV-infected mothers in Mumbai. <b>Settings and Design:</b> It is a prospective observational type of study conducted in a tertiary care hospital with antiretroviral treatment center for a period of one year. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study was reviewed and approved by the ethical committee of the hospital. Babies aged 0 to 9 months and born to HIV-positive mothers who are brought to integrated HIV outpatient department were included in the study. <b>Statistical Analysis Used:</b> The data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 15 package, Microsoft Excel 2003, and Epi Info. <b>Results:</b> As per the findings of this study, proportion of exclusive BF was 34.2%, top feeding was 42.1%, and mix feeding (MF) was 23.7%. Diarrhea occurred more frequently in mix-fed infants (53.6%) as compared to exclusively breast-fed infants (2.5%) and top-fed infants (12.7%). The percentage of infants who were exclusively breast fed and had normal weight for age was 53.8%. Moderately malnourished infants were 30.8% and 15.4% of infants were severely malnourished. The percentage of severe malnutrition was more in top-fed and mix-fed infants (23.4% and 32.1%, respectively). <b>Conclusion:</b> MF was associated with increased risk of diarrhea and acute respiratory infection. Top-fed and mix-fed infants were more likely to suffer from infectious diseases.

Long‐term effects of earlier initiated continuous Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) for low‐birth‐weight (LBW) infants in Madagascar

To examine the long-term effects of earlier initiated continuous Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) for relatively stable low-birth-weight (LBW) infants in a resource-limited country. A randomized controlled trial with long-term follow-up was performed in LBW infants in Madagascar. Earlier continuous KMC (intervention group) was initiated as soon as possible within 24 h postbirth, and later continuous KMC (control group: conventional care) was initiated after complete stabilization. Outcome measures were mortality or readmission, nutritional indicators at 6-12 months postbirth and feeding condition at 6 months postbirth (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00531492). A total of 72 infants were followed for mortality or readmission at 6-12 months postbirth. There was no difference between the two groups (7/36 vs. 7/36, Risk ratio (RR), 1.00; 95% CIs, 0.39-2.56; p = 1.00). The proportion of exclusive breast feeding (EBF) at 6 months postbirth was significantly higher with earlier KMC than later KMC (12/29 vs. 4/26; RR 2.69; 95% CIs, 1.00-7.31; p = 0.04). There were no differences in nutritional indicators between the two groups at 6-12 months postbirth. Earlier initiated continuous KMC results in a significantly higher proportion of EBF at 6 months postbirth. Further larger-scale long-term evaluations of earlier initiated continuous KMC for LBW infants are needed.

Randomized controlled trial of early skin‐to‐skin contact: effects on the mother and the newborn

To estimate the influence of skin-to-skin care on the thermal regulation of the infant and the rate of breastfeeding at different points of time. We also aim to establish whether skin-to-skin contact reduces maternal pain during episiotomy repair and decreases the time to expel the placenta. A randomized control study was performed with 137 patients in each branch of the study. Differences between the study groups were analysed with the unpaired t-test, Fisher test or chi-square test as appropriate. Greater thermal stability in the skin-to-skin care group was found where an average temperature rise of 0.07°C was observed. Mothers in the skin-to-skin care group exclusively breastfed more frequently at discharge. Mean time to expel the placenta was lesser in the skin-to-skin care group. This study shows that skin-to-skin care implies better thermal regulation and a better proportion of exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge.