Properties Of Jute Fiber Research Articles

Effects on jute fiber and ferrochrome slag as coarse aggregate on mechanical properties of reinforced concrete

The present research work aims to produce by adding jute fiber (JF) with ferrochrome slag (FSA) as coarse aggregate. The experimental results of all the properties of jute fiber with ferrochrome slag (FSA) based concrete are compared to controlled concrete and efficient, technically acceptable and environmentally compatible construction material. From compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile test results, it is observed that ferrochrome slag -based concrete samples' incorporation of jute fiber shows better performance than that of controlled concrete. Further, non -destructive tests and co-relation between compressive strength with split tensile strength and flexural strength are performed. This study focuses on the reuse of waste ferrochrome slag as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in the production of cement concrete with improved mechanical properties and non-destructive tests. Ferrochrome slag was replaced by coarse aggregate with various percentages ranging from 0%, 50% and 100% by adding 0.10%, 0.20% and 0.30% JF (by weight). The workability test was performed to evaluate the concrete behaviour in a fresh state. The result shows that adding the percentages of jute fiber up to 0.10% shows 4.83%, 3.2% and 3.4% more compressive, split and flexural strength than the control concrete.

Effect of Fiber Loading on Mechanical Properties of Jute Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composite

Effect of Fiber Loading on Mechanical Properties of Jute Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Composite

Study on Thermal, Thermo-Mechanical, and Flexural Properties of Jute Fiber Surface Modification and Its Reinforced Composite

In recent years, reinforced composites from biodegradable and natural fibers have a worldwide scope for advanced applications. However, the core limitation of natural fiber reinforced composites are poor consistency among supporting fibers and the matrix. Therefore, optimal structural performance of fibers and matrix is desirable. In this study, chemical treatments (i.e., alkali pretreatment, acid pretreatment, and scouring) were applied to jute fibers for improvement of composite properties. Thermal, thermo-mechanical, and flexural properties, and surface morphology, of untreated and treated jute fibers were studied on the treated fibers. Jute fiber/epoxy composite properties were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), flexural strength and modulus, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The chemical treatments had a significant impact on the properties of jute fiber composites.

Effect of a promising CSESE pretreatment on the morphological structure and properties of jute fibers

Plant fiber has a complex aggregated structure, high crystallinity and a large number of hydrogen bonds, and has low chemical reaction activity. Therefore, in order to improve the reactivity, the plant fiber needs to be pretreated before chemical modification. Therefore, the pretreatment method has an important influence on the chemical modification of plant fibers. In this paper, Jute fibers were successively treated by particular continuous screw-extrusion steam explosion (CSESE). The effects on the morphological ructure, composition, thermal and crystalline properties of jute fibers before and after treated were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the morphological structure changed significantly after CSESE pretreatment, the diameter was smaller, the surface cracks and the specific surface area increased. There was no new functional groups appeared in fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Composition analysis demonstrated that the content of hemicellulose and extractive decreased, but cellulose and lignin increased. The crystallinity of JSE increased from 66.31 % to 70.19 %. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested that the cellulose and lignin content increased. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the initial decomposition temperature of JSE increased from 334.4 to 355.2°C. DMA indicated that the Tg of JSE reduced from 92.6 to 90.0°C. Therefore, for jute fiber, the CSESE pretreatment is an effective and promising pretreatment method for further chemical modification, biofuels and chemical products.

Improved Mechanical Properties of Jute Fiber/Polypropylene Composite with Interface Modified by Sodium Lignosulfonate

How to improve the interfacial compatibility between polar fibers and non-polar polymer matrices is still a challenge for the application of natural fiber/polymer composites. In this study, the jute fibers (JF) was firstly treated by coating sodium lignosulfonate (SL) layer, then the JF-SL/polypropylene (PP) composite was fabricated by injection molding technique. The morphology, surface chemical property, surface energy, mechanical properties of JF and JF-SL, as well as the mechanical properties of JF/PP and JF-SL/PP composites were systematically studied. The results showed that the SL coating layer successfully formed on the surface of JF, and the dipole bond and hydrogen bond interaction occurred between the SL and JF. Compared with JF/PP composite, the tensile modulus, tensile strength, flexural modulus and flexural strength of JF-SL/PP composite increased by 8.25%, 16.79%, 16.87% and 19.71%, respectively, due to the enhancement of the interfacial binding force between JF-SL and PP matrix. These results indicate that SL possesses great potential to be used as a compatibilizer to effectively improve the mechanical properties of JF-SL/PP composite. It could provide an reference basis for the feasibility of SL used as a compatibilizer for natural fiber/polymer composites.

A review of jute fiber reinforced polymer composites

Natural fibre reinforced composites find increased attention in construction, automotive, furniture and packaging applications. Jute (Corchorus Olitorius) is grown in tropical countries and is one of the strongest bast fibres with low cost. The properties of jute fibre along with surface modification to enhance their compatibility with the polymer matrices is presented. This work deals with survey of jute based polymer composites. The jute composites involving various thermoset, thermoplastics polymers, bio-based resins, jute hybrid composites and their mechanical properties are elucidated.

Experimental Study on Behaviour of Rc T-Beam Strengthened with Jute Fiber Laminates - A Review

The present investigation addresses the external strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams using jute fiber laminates. An experimental study is mainly carried out to study the change in structural behaviour of RC T-beams using externally wrapped jute fiber laminates, to enhance the shear and flexural capacity of the beams. The effect of pattern and orientation of the strengthening fabric on the shear capacity of the strengthened beams will be examined. RC T-beams with minimum shear reinforcement is designed and then external confinement using jute fiber laminates is carried out using epoxy resin. The layer confinement is executed to study and analyze the behaviour of confined beams with respect to control beam. Experimental results showing the advantage of beam strengthened using the various lay-ups of jute fiber are to be discussed. For all developed composites, experimental results revealed that the tensile properties of the developed composites are strongly dependent on the tensile strength of jute fiber and that the tensile properties of jute fiber are very much defect sensitive. Jute as a natural fiber is eco-friendly, low cost, versatile in textile fields and has moderate mechanical properties, which replaced several synthetic fibers in development of many composite materials. However, the hydrophilic nature of the jute fiber affects the mechanical properties of the developed composites. As a result to arrest crack and improve the strength of beam.

A Comparative Study of the Mechanical Properties of Jute Fiber and Yarn Reinforced Concrete Composites

ABSTRACTA relatively better performance of jute fiber and yarn reinforced concrete composites can open up a wide access to application of natural resources in concrete strengthening. In order to achieve this goal, an experimental investigation on the flexural, compressive and tensile strengths of Jute Fiber Reinforced Concrete Composites (JFRCC) and Jute Yarn Reinforced Concrete Composites (JYRCC) has been conducted. To draw a specific conclusion, the mix ratios of 1:1.5:3 and 1:2:4 (by volume) of concrete have been maintained with incorporation of jute fiber and yarn in concrete mortar having different cut lengths with distinct volumetric ratios. Finally, a comparison of the JFRCC and JYRCC strength increments with respect to the plain concrete has been investigated. A significant increment of compressive, flexural and tensile strength was observed only for a short cut length having a low volumetric ratio, where JYRCC increment value was always found progressive. A far more regular arrangement and adequate mixture of JYRCC was also visualized compare to JFRCC in concrete mortar. All the principal increment values were found only in case of JYRCC with a mix ratio of 1:1.5:3. So, it can be concluded that the presence of jute yarn and more cement content can strengthen the concrete to a great extent.

Effect of Rot-Retardant Treatment on Properties of Jute Fibers

ABSTRACTJute natural fiber is gradually replacing traditional glass fibers as reinforcement in composites due to their higher specific modulus and lower specific gravity. For reducing rotting properties of jute fiber, rot-retardant treatment was conducted on different portions of the fiber. The rot-retardant jute fibers were characterized by tensile test, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermal and water absorption tests. The tensile properties improved in the middle portion as compared to the top and bottom portions and deteriorated after rot-retardant treatment. The diameter gradually increased from top to middle and then to bottom portion after treatment. The crystalinity index was found higher for bottom portion. Thermal properties of jute fiber also improved as compared to the control jute fiber. The rot-retardant--treated jute fiber may find satisfactory and desirable application in our house hold accessories.

Dual Reinforcement Effect of Nanoclay and Jute Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Polyester Resin

The research work aims in analysing the effect of minimal loading of nanoclay in altering the mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced polyester (JFRP) composites. Nanoclay content of 0.5 Wt.% has been constantly maintained for polyester composites containing 5 and 7.5 Wt.% jute fibers. Nanoclay was incorporated in polyester resin by magnetic stirring at 80°C for 3 hours. Further, the JFRP composites were fabricated by a conventional method known as hand lay-up method. Nanoclay filled polyester-jute fiber composites showed enhancement in tensile, flexural, impact strength and modulus of elasticity compared to pure, fiber reinforced polyester and nanoclay filled resin. Uniform distribution of nanoclay in the polyester matrix may form a strong physical interaction at the interface between the fiber and matrix. Surface morphology of the tensile fractured surface viewed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proved less fiber pull-out due to presence of nanoclay.

Characterization on the Properties of Jute Fiber at Different Portions

Natural fibers are environment-friendly, biodegradable, nonabrasive, and less costly and exhibit high initial modulus and high moisture absorption. However, they have nonuniformity in their mechanical, physical, chemical, and thermal properties at different portions. For this reason, long jute fiber was cut into three different portions and subsequently characterized using single fiber tensile test, differential scanning calorimetric, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy according to top, middle, and cutting portions. The crystallinity and moisture content were measured by XRD data and moisture absorption test of the different portions of the raw jute fiber, respectively. The middle portion had better mechanical, thermal, chemical, and crystalline properties compared to the other two portions of the jute fiber. The diameter gradually became thinner from cutting to top portions. Thus the middle portion of jute fiber would be the better choice while being used as reinforcement in composites.

Influence of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Jute Fibres, Yarns, and Composites

Jute yarns were treated by tap water with and without tension at room temperature for 20 minutes and then dried. Fibre and yarn strength were measured before and after treatment. Unidirectional (UD) composites were made by both treated and untreated yarns with and without applying hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as size material. Water-treated jute yarns without tension and composites made of those yarns showed decreased strength, and water treated jute yarns with tension and composites made of those yarns showed increased strength with respect to raw yarns and composites made of raw yarns. However, no specific trend was noticed for fibre tensile strength and tensile modulus. HEC sized yarns showed up to 12% higher failure load with respect to unsized yarns, and composites made of HEC sized yarns showed up to 17% and 12% increase in tensile strength and tensile modulus, respectively, compared to composites made of similar types of unsized yarns.

Grafting of Methyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate onto Jute fiber: Physico-Chemical Characteristics of the Grafted Jute

The graft copolymerization of methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate vinyl monomers onto jute fiber using potassium persulfate and ferrous sulfate redox system was investigated in an aqueous medium. Optimized reaction conditions for the graft copolymerization were established for parameter variables, of monomer concentration, initiator concentration, catalyst concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature. The grafting degrees were found to depend on the above mentioned variables. A maximum graft yield of 17.3% for MA and 19.4% for MMA was obtained under effective optimized conditions for grafting. The attachment of the monomer on the grafted fiber was confirmed by FTIR studies. Dyeing was affected by monomer characteristics, and due to the development of hydrophobic nature on jute fiber by grafting, a lower amount of dye absorption occurred. Grafting has a favorable influence on tenacity, color fastness, and other properties of jute fiber.

Optimization of Parameters in Fiber Reinforced Polyurethane Composited Reaction Injection Molding

In order to explore effects of various processing parameters on the mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced polyurethane foam composites, jute fiber reinforced polyurethane composites were prepared by variable fiber reinforced reaction injection technology. The influence of jute fiber contents, fiber length, mold pressure and fiber modification treatment to the impact toughness was analyzed by orthogonal test in this paper. The microstructure and fracture micrograph of impact fracture specimens were studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the best impact performance was obtained while fiber content was 10%, fiber length was12.5mm, mold pressure was 80tons, and jute fibers were modified by alkali. Furthermore, the result was compared with the corresponding research of glass fiber and carbon fiber reinforced polyurethane composites, and provided a theoretical basis for the application of the fiber reinforced polyurethane foam composites.

Influence of Atmospheric Helium Plasma on the Surface Energy of Jute Fibres and the Performance of Resulting Composites

In this work, an atmospheric pressure glow discharge helium plasma treatment was employed to modify the surface properties of jute fibres. The resulting bio-composites showed an increase in flexural properties and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) compared to composites produced using untreated jute fibres. To understand the reason behind the ILSS improvement, the acid–base properties of jute fibres were determined by contact angle analysis using the capillary rise method. The results were fitted further to van Oss–Chaudhury–Good (vOCG) and Chang–Qin–Chen (CQC) models to determine the Lifshitz–van der Waals (LW) and acid–base components of surface energy. Surface energy determined by the vOCG model revealed that plasma treatment of jute fibre resulted in a 22% increase in total surface energy, a 19% increase in the LW component and a 24% increase in the acid–base component of surface energy. The increase in the acid–base component is due to the significant increase (69%) in the electron-accepting (γ + S) parameter. On the other hand, the CQC model clearly indicates an amphoteric nature of the fibre surface based on opposite signs of the acid and base principal values (P a S and P b S). Overall, the results indicated that increases in both LW and acid–base components were responsible for improvement in the properties of the composites.

Properties of Jute Fibers Reinforced Friction Materials

Jute fibers reinforced friction materials were prepared by mold and heat treatment. The friction coefficients of 3wt.%,9wt.% and 12wt.% jute fibers reinforced friction materials were bigger than that of the materials without jute fibers in the heating condition. The friction coefficient of 6 wt.% jute fibers reinforced friction materials was bigger than that of the materials without jute fibers below 250°C. The friction coefficient of jute fibers reinforced friction materials deceased with the temperature decrease in the cooling condition. The friction coefficient of the materials with free-jute fibers raised from 350-250°C and reduced at the temperature lower than 250°C.Wear rates of the friction materials raised with temperature rise for jute fibers carbonization led to the matrix became loose. With jute fibers content rise worn surface of the reinforced materials became from smooth to rough. There were pits, grooves, abrasive particles, pulled out fibers and wear debris on the worn surfaces. Abrasive wear was the main wear mechanism.

The Effects of Underwater Shock Wave Loading on the Physico – Mechanical Properties of Jute Fiber

Underwater shock wave loading has been implemented on various metals, foods and wood. The main goal of this study is to investigate the performance of unbleached jute fiber in terms of underwater shock wave loading and fiber surface parameters. The input short wave loading is varied by shock pressure. The underwater shock wave is generated by the explosion of a detonating fuse in the water tank. The process of bubble generation and expansion inside the water results in the formation of shock waves. After shock loading, jute fiber is taken for physico - mechanical and physico-chemical testing, such as those for breaking strength, elongation, moisture content, wicking, permeability, etc. The effects on jute fiber exposed by the underwater shock waves are also demonstrated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The maximum effect is observed at 100 MPa. Jute fiber treated by underwater shock waves shows improved moisture content and dye permeability than that of untreated jute fiber.

A comparative study of the stress‐relaxation behavior of untreated and alkali‐treated jute fibers

AbstractIn this study, we examined the effect of alkali treatment and its variables, namely, the time (2, 4, 6, or 8 h) and the concentration of alkali (1, 5, or 17.5% w/w), on the linear density, strength, and stress‐relaxation properties of jute fiber. It was demonstrated that this kind of treatment led to the creation of several voids and fiber fibrillation. Properties were measured for the alkali‐treated and dewaxed fibers. The linear density and tenacity of the fibers were reduced at higher alkali concentration and at longer dipping times. The strength increased with treatment with mild alkali and decreased with treatment with the strong alkali. A very low alkali treatment (1%) rendered low relaxation. At a 5% alkali concentration, interfibrillar matrix softening also played an important role and was prominent in the stress‐relaxation behavior. The stress‐relaxation value was much higher in the fibers treated with 17.5% NaOH compared to the dewaxed fibers; this was probably due to a loss in the fibrillar arrangement. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012

Effect of water environment on jute/polypropylene composites

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of water immersion on tensile properties of jute fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. The long fiber type jute/PP pellet and neat PP pellet were used as materials and the jute/PP specimens with different fiber content were prepared by injection molding with dry-blending of jute/PP and neat PP pellets. All the specimens were aged in hot distilled water at 80°C, and after the fixed periods of immersion, the weight changes and the tensile properties were measured. The weight gain by water absorption was significantly affected by the fiber content. The specimens with the jute fiber content of 30 wt% more easily absorbed water and it reached more than 10%. In these specimens, significant material loss by immersion also occurred. The tensile strength after immersion decreased remarkably in the specimens with the jute fiber content of 30 wt% and more, and all the jute/PP composites showed lower strength than neat PP after immersion of 1000 h.

Study on chemical modification and dyeing properties of jute fiber

Glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (Glytac) was used as a modifier for surface modification of jute fiber. Modifying effect factors such as Glytac concentration, sodium hydroxide concentration, temperature, and time were optimized as follows: Glytac concentration, 60 g/L; sodium hydroxide concentration, 20 g/L; temperature, 60°C; and treatment time, 60 min. After the Glytac treatment, the zeta potential value on the fiber surface increased over a pH range of 3.5–9.5. Compared to the raw jute fibers, the modified jute fibers could be dyed with reactive dye using a small amount of salt and alkali and had higher K/S values under the same dye concentration range of 0.5–8.0% (o.w.f.). Furthermore, the dyed Glytac-treated jute fibers had higher exhaustion, fixation, and total fixation and better washing fastness and dry rubbing fastness than those of raw jute fibers.