Properties Of Binary Liquid Mixtures Research Articles

Thermophysical properties of binary liquid mixtures of oxygenated compounds: 2-Methoxyethanol + alcohols at T = 298.15 K and 313.15 K

Thermophysical properties as density, (ρ), dynamic and kinematic viscosities, (η, υ), refractive index, (nD), and excess enthalpy, (HE), are presented in this present work for binary mixtures containing 2-methoxyethanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and 1-propanol at T = (298.15 and 313.15) K and at p = 0.1 MPa, over the whole range of composition. Derivative properties such as excess volume, (VE), and deviations in refractive index, (ΔnD), were calculated from the measured data of density and refractive index, respectively. The Perturbed Chain-Statistical Associating Fluid (PC-SAFT) Equation of State is used to correlate the experimental data density for the studied binary mixtures. Also, the Redlich-Kister equation is employed to fit the excess volumes, deviations in refractive index, and excess enthalpies. Besides, the NRTL and UNIQUAC models are applied to correlate the measured data of excess enthalpy, (HE). Moreover, intermolecular interactions have been discussed for the studied binary mixtures.

Volumetric and spectroscopic properties of binary liquid mixtures of isopentyl alcohol with butylamine at T = (288.15–333.15) K

The current article presents the experimental density (ρ) values reported as a function of mole fraction for the binary liquid mixtures of isopentyl alcohol (IPA) + butylamine (BA) at the temperatures T = (288.15 to 333.15) K with 5 K intervals under atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa). Based on experimental data, the molar volume (Vm), excess molar volume (VmE), apparent molar volumes (Vm,∅,1and Vm,∅,2), partial molar volumes (V-m,1and V-m,2), and excess partial molar volumes (V-m,1E and V-m,2E) values were computed over the complete mole fraction range. Also, at infinite dilution, the values of partial molar volumes (V¯m,1° and V¯m,2°), and excess partial molar volumes (V¯m,1°E and V¯m,2°E) of the isopentyl alcohol and butylamine were calculated. The calculated VmE values were correlated to the Redlich-Kister (R-K) model. Further, the excess molar volume was theoretically described by using Prigogine-Flory-Patterson (PFP) theory at the above temperatures. The obtained excess molar volume shows negative deviations from the ideal behaviour and becomes more negative at a higher temperature. From the above said parameters results, the H-bonding and acid-base interactions in the unlike molecules was determined. Additionally, the existence of new H-bonding interaction between IPA and BA molecules was further confirmed using 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic studies.

Study of Dielectric and Acoustic Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Cyclohexane with n-Butanol at 308 K

Study of Dielectric and Acoustic Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Cyclohexane with n-Butanol at 308 K

Measuring the refractive index of a methanol - water mixture according to the wavelength

The refractive index of the methanol-water mixture depending on the wavelength at different concentrations was determined by our experimental method using a Michelson interferometer system. A comparative study of Gladstone-Dale, Arago–Biot and Newton relations for predicting the refractive index of a liquid has been carried out to test their validity for the methanol-water mixture with the different concentrations 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The comparison shows the good agreement between our experimental results and the results in the expressions studied over the wavelength range approximately from 450 to 850 nm. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS. Sharma, P.B. Patel, R.S. Patel, "Density and Comparative Refractive Index Study on Mixing Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Eucalyptol with Hydrocarbons at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K", E-Journal of Chemistry 4(3), 343 (2007). CrossRef A. Gayathri, T. Venugopal, R. Padmanaban, K. Venkatramanan, R. Vijayalakshmi, "A comparative study of experimental and theoretical refractive index of binary liquid mixtures using mathematical methods", IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 390, 012116 (2018). CrossRef A. Jahan, M.A. Alam, M.A.R. Khan, S. Akhtar, "Refractive Indices for the Binary Mixtures of N, N-Dimethylformamide with 2-Butanol and 2-Pentanol at Temperatures 303.15 K, 313.15 K, and 323.15 K", American Journal of Physical Chemistry 7(4), 55 (2018). CrossRef N. An, B. Zhuang, M. Li, Y. Lu, Z. Wang, "Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study of Refractive Indices of Water–Acetonitrile–Salt Systems", J. Phys. Chem. B 119(33), 10701 (2015). CrossRef M. Upadhyay, S.U. Lego, "Refractive Index of Acetone-Water mixture at different concentrations", American International Journal of Research in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics 20(1), 77 (2017). CrossRef T.H. Barnes, K.Matsumoto, T. Eiju, K. Matsuda, N. Ooyama, "Grating interferometer with extremely high stability, suitable for measuring small refractive index changes", Appl. Opt. 30, 745 (1991). CrossRef B. W. Grange, W. H. Stevenson, R. Viskanta, "Refractive index of liquid solutions at low temperatures: an accurate measurement", Applied Optics 15(4), 858 (1976). CrossRef P. Hlubina, "White-light spectral interferometry with the uncompensated Michelson interferometer and the group refractive index dispersion in fused silica", Optics Communications 193(1-6), 1 (2001). CrossRef P. Hlubina, W. Urbanczyk, "Dispersion of the group birefringence of a calcite crystal measured by white-light spectral interferometry", Meas. Sci. Technol. 16(6), 1267 (2005). CrossRef P. Hlubina, D. Ciprian, L. Knyblová, "Direct measurement of dispersion of the group refractive indices of quartz crystal by white-light spectral interferometry", Optics Communications 269(1), 8 (2007). CrossRef S. R. Kachiraju, D. A. Gregory, "Determining the refractive index of liquids using a modified Michelson interferometer", Optics & Laser Technology 44(8), 2361 (2012). CrossRef F. Gladstone, D. Dale, "XXXVI. On the influence of temperature on the refraction of light", Philos. Trans. R. Soc. 148, 887 (1858). CrossRef D.F.J. Arago, J.B. Biot, Mem. Acad. Fr. 15, 7 (1806). CrossRef Kurtz S S and Ward A L J, "The refractivity intercept and the specific refraction equation of Newton. I. development of the refractivity intercept and comparison with specific refraction equations", Franklin Inst. 222, 563-592 (1936). CrossRef K. Moutzouris, M. Papamichael, S. C. Betsis, I. Stavrakas, G. Hloupis, D. Triantis, "Refractive, dispersive and thermo-optic properties of twelve organic solvents in the visible and near-infrared", Appl. Phys. B 116, 617 (2013). CrossRef S. Kedenburg, M. Vieweg, T. Gissibl, H. Giessen, "Linear refractive index and absorption measurements of nonlinear optical liquids in the visible and near-infrared spectral region", Opt. Mater. Express 2(11), 1588 (2012). CrossRef

Thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of binary liquid mixtures of 2-methylcyclohexanone and o- substituted anilines at various temperatures

ABSTRACT The densities (ρ), viscosities (η), and speeds of sound (u) are reported for binary mixtures of 2-methylcyclohexanone with ortho-substituted anilines (2-chloroaniline, 2-methylaniline and 2-methoxyaniline) over the entire composition range from 303.15 K to 313.15 K and at atmospheric pressure 0.1 MPa. The excess functions and deviation in viscosity were calculated from the densities, speeds of sound, and viscosities at experimental temperatures. FT-IR properties have been carried out and analysed to study the presence of specific interaction such as the formation of hydrogen bonding of the type (O-H·····N or N-H·····O) between unlike molecules in the binary liquid mixtures, a good agreement is observed among the excess parameters and FT-IR properties.

Thermodynamics and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures at various temperatures (Morpholine, 2-methoxyether, 2-ethoxyether and 2-butoxyether)

Densities (ρ) speeds of sound (u) and viscosities (η) of binary mixtures of morpholine with 2-methoxyethanol (M.E), 2-ethoxyethanol (E.E) and 2-butoxyethanol (B.E) including those of pure liquids, over the entire composition range were measured at temperatures (303.15, 308.15 and 313.15) K and 0.1 MPa. Using the experimental data, the excess volume (VE ), excess isentropic compressibility (), deviation in viscosity (Δη), Excess partial molar properties at infinite dilution , , and were calculated. Finally, the Prigogine-Flory-Patterson (PFP) Theory is applied to identify the most predominant molecular interaction.

Thermoacoustic Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Sulfolane with Aniline, N,N-Dimethylaniline and N,N-Diethylaniline at Different Temperatures and Atmospheric Pressure

Densities and sound velocities of the binary liquid mixtures of sulfolane + aniline, sulfolane + N,N-dimethylaniline, sulfolane + N,N-diethylaniline over the whole range of composition and their pure component were measured at temperatures (T = 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 K) and atmospheric pressure. A high precision vibrating-tube densitometer was used for the measurements. From the measured values, excess adiabatic compressibility (βs E), excess sound velocity (uE), excess internal pressure (Pi E) and deviation of surface tension (Δγ) were calculated for each of the systems. The excess properties and surface tension deviation were fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation. All these properties have been discussed in terms of molecular interactions.

Optical Studies of Binary Mixture of Chloro Substituted Benzene and n-Hexane or Cyclohexane or 1,4-Dioxane

Thermophysical properties of binary liquid mixtures are highly beneficial for getting information about the intermolecular interactions and geometrical effects in the system. The chloro-substituted benzene compounds like 2-chlorotoluene, 4-chlorotoluene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene also have wide range of industrial and biomedical areas. In present work, the refractive indices (n) of haloarenes, hydrocarbons, ether, and respective possible binary mixtures were experimentally determined over the entire compositions at T= (298.15-318.15) K. The mixtures selected were 2-chlorotoluene or 4-chlorotoluene or 1,3-dichlorobenzene (1) + n-hexane or cyclohexane or 1,4-dioxane (2) with its possible combinations. The Δn is positive for all binary mixtures at all investigated compositions. Different rules of mixing like Lorentz-Lorentz, Erying-John, Arago-Biot, etc. were also used to predict n values. The Δn values were also analyzed in terms of ongoing intermolecular interactions among the components of the selected system.

Density, speed of sound and derived thermodynamic properties of binary liquid mixtures of 1-chlorohexane with toluene and tetradecane under high pressures

The densities and speeds of sound of binary mixtures of 1-chlorohexane with toluene and tetradecane were measured at temperatures from 298.15 K to 433.15 K, and the pressures up to 100.1 MPa. The parameters of the Redlich–Kister equation were determined. The values of isentropic and isothermal compressibility, isobaric thermal expansivity, isobaric and isochoric heat capacity were calculated. Thereafter, excess molar volumes, excess speed of sounds, excess isentropic compressibilities, excess isothermal compressibilities, excess isobaric thermal expansivity, excess isobaric heat capacities, and excess isochoric heat capacities, were estimated.

Thermodynamics Properties Of Binary Liquid Mixtures Containing Acetophenone with 1- Ethanol and 1-Butanol at T = 308.15K

Thermodynamics Properties Of Binary Liquid Mixtures Containing Acetophenone with 1- Ethanol and 1-Butanol at T = 308.15K

Prediction of Thermophysical Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Propiophenone and Ethyl Acetate at 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K

Density, viscosity, ultrasonic velocity and refractive index values of the binary liquid mixtures of propiophenone (PP) and ethyl acetate (EA) have been measured for the whole range of compositions at temperatures 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. The variation of excess properties (VE, Δη, Δu, Δn, ΔZ, ΔβS, ΔLf, and G*E) with composition and temperature is discussed in the paper in terms of molecular interaction of components in the mixture. Redlich–Kister type polynomial has been used to fit the excess properties. A standard RSM design based on central composite design (CCD) has been applied to study the thermo physical properties of binary liquid mixtures as function of mole fraction and temperature. The molecular interaction between PP and EA has been analyzed by the excess properties along with the acoustic properties, and the developed equation can be used to calculate the thermophysical properties at various temperatures and compositions.

Densities, viscosities and excess properties of binary liquid mixtures of methyl tert-butyl ether with methanol and diisopropyl ether from 308.15 to 318.15 K at 0.1 MPa

ABSTRACT Densities and viscosities of binary mixtures for methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) with methanol and diisopropyl ether (DIPE) have been measured at temperatures of 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K and at atmospheric pressure over the entire composition range. The measured densities and viscosities were fitted using Jouyban-Acree model where mean relative deviation (MRD) lesser than 0.02% are obtained for both predictions. The excess molar volumes and the viscosity deviations are calculated from measured densities and viscosities. Redlich-Kister equation is then used to correlate excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations where good fits have been achieved. Negative excess molar volume and viscosity deviation have been obtained for binary mixture MTBE + methanol at all investigated temperatures which indicating the presence of chemical and structural interactions. However, lack of specific interactions has been observed for binary mixture MTBE + DIPE based on positive excess molar volume and small negative values of viscosity deviation.

Intermolecular forces in pyrrolidones + 1,2-alkanediol liquid mixtures

The properties of binary liquid mixtures formed by lactams (2-pyrrolidone or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) with 1,2-alkanediols were studied as a function of mixtures composition using a combined experimental and theoretical approach. The experimental properties were analysed in terms of excess and mixing properties, thus inferring deviations from ideality and their relationships with types and extension of hydrogen bonding. The theoretical study using both quantum chemistry and classical molecular dynamics simulations provided a nanoscopic characterization of the mixed fluids and for the intermolecular forces in terms of homo and heteroassociations. The reported results allowed to characterize lactam–containing liquid mixtures in multiscale approach, thus inferring the properties of these systems and their relationships with their solvency capacity.

Theoretical study of hydrogen bonding in complex alcohol liquid mixtures

The properties of binary liquid mixtures containing benzyl alcohol and different types of alcohols as cosolvents (1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol and phenyl alcohol) are studied by means of molecular modelling tools. The nature, extension, structuring and dynamics of hydrogen bonding were analyzed as a function of mixtures composition in the full range. Interactions between like and unlike molecules were characterized inferring the nanoscopic behavior of the mixed fluids. Deviations of ideality were analyzed in terms of hydrogen bonding characteristics. The reported nanoscopic results allow to infer the effects of alcohol molecular level features, hydrogen bonding and its relationship with the macroscopic behavior of the studied mixed fluids.

Densities, Viscosities and Excess Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) with N-Methylaniline (NMA) from 308.15-318.15 K at 0.1 MPa

Densities, Viscosities and Excess Properties of Binary Liquid Mixtures of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) with N-Methylaniline (NMA) from 308.15-318.15 K at 0.1 MPa

Measurement and modeling of transport properties of binary liquid mixtures containing oxygenates and n-alkanes

Dynamic viscosities (η) of the binary liquid mixtures of 2-propanol (1)+n-alkanes (C6, C7, C9) (2) at T=288.15 K to 303.15 K and ethanol (1)+n-alkanes (C6, C7, C8) (2) at T=308.15 K to 318.15 K were experimentally measured over the whole composition range. Experimental values of η were used to compute the deviation in dynamic viscosity (Δη) and these Δη values were correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation. The η values of binary mixtures were also calculated using several empirical correlations and mixing rules like Grunberg-Nissan, Tamura-Kurata, Kati-Chaudhari and McLaughlin-Ubbelohde and found that the Grunberg-Nissan correlation gave the best estimation. The Δη values were also predicted by an approach given by Singh et al. [Indian J Chem 29, 263 (1990)].

Influence of chlorine atom on thermodynamic and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures at various temperatures (halo-hydrocarbons and 2-methoxyaniline)

The densities (ρ), ultrasonic speeds (u), and viscosities (η) are reported for binary mixtures of o-chlorotoluene, m-chlorotoluene and p-chlorotoluene with 2-methoxy aniline at temperature range from (303.15–318.15) K and at a pressure p = 0.1 MPa. In addition, excess functions such as excess molar volume, excess isentropic compressibility and deviation in viscosity are calculated from the density, speed of sound and viscosity and the Redlich–Kister equation, correlates these properties. The excess partial molar volumes, and , and excess partial molar isentropic compressibilities, and of the components at infinite dilution are calculated. As well, the calculated excess properties were discussed in terms of the influence of chlorine atom on interactions between halo hydrocarbons and 2-methoxy aniline. Moreover, the VE values have been analysed with Prigogine-Flory-Patterson theory and shown that the free volume contribution is the supporting factor for negative values of excess molar quantities.

Influence of carbonyl group on thermodynamic and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures of 2-methoxyaniline with ketones at various temperatures

Abstract The densities (ρ), viscosities (η) and speeds of sound (u) are reported for binary mixtures of 2-methoxy aniline with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl propyl ketone (MPK), diethyl ketone (DEK) and 2,6-dimethyl cyclohexanone (CH) over the entire composition range from 303.15 K to 318.15 K and at atmospheric pressure 0.1 MPa. The excess/deviation functions (VE, κsE and Δη) are calculated from the densities, speeds of sound and viscosities at experimental temperatures. The variation of these properties with composition of the mixtures suggests hydrogen bond, dipole–dipole interactions and charge–transfer complex formation between 2‑methoxy aniline and dipolar ketones. The VE results have been analyzed in the light of Prigogine-Flory–Patterson theory. An analysis of each of the three contributions viz. interactional, free volume and P* to VE shows that interactional contribution is positive for all binary systems. The free volume effect and P* contribution are negative for all the mixtures.

Thermodynamic properties of binary liquid mixtures containing aromatic alcohol and aliphatic amines at different temperatures

As an extension of our previous work, thermodynamic and acoustic properties of binary mixtures of benzyl alcohol with propyl amine, di-propyl amine, diiso-propyl amine and tri-propyl amine have been investigated by measuring density and speed of sound data at four temperatures (T = 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K) and pressure (P = 0.1 MPa) over the entire composition range. These data have been utilized to calculate excess parameters like excess molar volume (VmE), excess isentropic compression (KSE ) and excess speed of sound (uE) for all the systems.All the excess parameters have been correlated by Redlich-Kister equation. Further, to analyse the experimental results theoretical treatment of the data has also been done by using Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) theory, intermolecular free length theory and collision frequency theory. Results were also supported by FTIR studies of equimolar binary liquid mixtures.

The study of thermo-physical properties of binary liquid mixtures of isoamyl alcohol with amines at 298.15–308.15 K

ABSTRACTThe values of density (ρ), viscosity (η) and speed of sound (u) were measured for binary mixtures of 3-methyl-1-butanol (isoamyl alcohol) with n-butylamine (NBA), sec-butylamine (SBA), tert-butylamine (TBA), n-hexylamine (NHA) and n-octyl amine (NOA) over the entire range of mole fractions and at three temperatures (298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K). From these measurements, the values of excess molar volume(VE), viscosity deviation (∆η), deviation in isentropic compressibility (∆ks), excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow (G*E) and Grungberg–Nissan interaction parameter (d′) have been calculated. The excess parameter deviations are fitted to Redlich–Kister-type polynomial equation using multi-parametric nonlinear regression analysis to estimate the binary coefficients and standard deviations. The results were discussed in terms of molecular interactions, dipole–dipole interactions and H-bond interactions between unlike molecules. Further, the effects of temperature and amine group in different amines were also studied for the binary mixtures.