Proper Names Research Articles

‘Tuesday, the mistress’: English relocalization by Vietnamese Facebook users

ABSTRACT Drawing on the concept of relocalization, this study explores the ways in which English, when going digital, is relocalized by Facebook users in Vietnam. The analysis of Facebook data reveals that English relocalization practices are manifest in the repetition of English words, transliteration of English proper names to Vietnamese morphosyntax and orthography, and hybridity between Vietnamese and English. This relocalization process results in new meaning twists, making them incomprehensible to English speakers from other World Englishes circles because English is deeply integrated and embedded into the Vietnamese language system and the local sociolinguistic context. The findings provide more evidence to support the arguments that English is part of the local language. The study also suggests that English relocalization creates a playful space on Facebook where Vietnamese speakers can express themselves freely as the use of Vietnamese words or phrases is considered pejorative and offensive in the local culture.

The name for a well-known crop: Rumex kioviensis, a hybridogenous taxon derived from R. patientia × R. tianschanicus (Polygonaceae)

The new crops developed at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kyiv from the initial artificial interspecific crosses Rumex patientia × R. tianschanicus are variously known in botanical and agricultural literature under the hybrid formula or informal names “Shchavnat”, “Hybrid Dock”, “Rumex K-1”, “Rumex OK-2”, or names of cultivars cv. ‘Kyivskyi Ultra’, cv. ‘Shpinat Uteusha’, cv. ‘Nastavnyk’, etc. A brief overview of the history of development of these cultivars is provided. These robust perennial plants are cultivated at present as spinach greens, fodder, and high-yield biomass producers for bioenergy applications in several European and other countries (Ukraine, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, Romania, etc.). Numerous agricultural, horticultural, and biotechnological publications about these new crops are now available, including various aspects of and data on their biochemistry, physiology, genetics, morphology, propagation, agrotechniques, biomass and biofuel production potential, nutritional value, etc. Also, these hybrid cultivars were reported in several regions of Central Europe as potentially invasive weeds escaped from cultivation. Considering the growing popularity of the Hybrid Dock as a green leaf vegetable, a biomass and biofuel producing crop (among other uses), and a potentially invasive alien, we think that a proper botanical name should be assigned to that taxon. Here it is described as a new hybridogenous species Rumex kioviensis Rakhmetov, A. Mosyakin & Mosyakin. Diagnostic characters distinguishing this new taxon from its parent taxa and other related species are indicated. Some remaining taxonomic and nomenclatural problems regarding Asian taxa related to R. patientia are briefly discussed.

Specificity of Translating Icononyms into Diverse Structural Languages (English, French, and Tatar)

This study examines proper names functioning as titles of iconographic works (such as ‘Pokrov Bogomateri’ (the Protection of the Mother of God), ‘Voskreseniye Khristovo’ (the Resurrection of Christ), ‘Soshestviye vo ad’ (the Descent into Hell) etc.) in the context of exploring their translation into English, French, and Tatar. A comparative analysis of artionyms (icononyms) is conducted. The sources for this research include catalogs of ancient Russian painting, particularly those from the collection of the State Museum of Fine Arts of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan). The paper discusses the challenges involved in translating terms such as ‘umileniye’ (compassion), ‘pokrov’ (protection), and ‘успение’ (dormition) etc. On one hand, doctrinal discrepancies are noted in the target languages, which are attributed to extralinguistic factors (differences in approaches to key Christian doctrines among Orthodoxy, Protestantism, and Catholicism, as well as the absence of cultural elements from the source language in the target language). On the other hand, semantic inconsistencies are identified, which can be explained by attempts at generalization or, conversely, specification of the content of terms aimed at facilitating recipient comprehension. One of the most frequent translational transformations observed is calquing, with identified differences in word formation patterns explained by the distinct typological models of the languages being compared (synthetic, analytic, agglutinative).

The Human Names Concept in English Language and Culture

The article is devoted to the study of the Human Names concept and anthroponyms in English language and culture and their places in linguistics. The information on its semantic features and its function in speech are defined as well. The scientific novelty is determined by a new point of view concerning the problem of the lexical meaning of proper names that consists in the fact that the structure of the lexical meaning depends on the specific type of anthroponyms.

Деколонізація топонімів міста Вінниця: лексико-семантичний аналіз

A toponym is defined as a common name for any toponymic objects, starting from large geographical names and administrative districts and ending with small internal urban objects (names of streets, squares, settlements, regions, countries, etc.). The main purpose and function of toponyms is to highlight, individualize, and identify named objects among others. Ukrainian onomastics has consistently pointed to the necessity of a systematic study of toponymy, including microtoponymy. The attention of researchers to the microtoponymy of certain regions of Ukraine has increased significantly, and this is represented in the studies of M. Khudash, K. Tsiluiko, E. Cherepanova, D. Buchko, L. Humetska, K. Halas, I. Zheliezniak, S. Verbych, Y. Karpenko, Z. Kupchynska, V. Loboda, J. Pura, M. Torchynskyi, N. Torchynska, Y. Stepanov, and many others. Equally important is the study of urban names, including regional ones. Urban name is the name of an inner-city object that represents the semantic character of the city, records the history of urban structures, their social, ethnic and cultural function. Both Ukrainian and foreign scholars have conducted research in the field of urban names. Among them: D. Buchko, O. Belei, N. Lisniak, N. Liasovets, R. Liashenko, O. Halai, I. Sabodash, Y. Fernos, L. Masenko, P. Chuchka, T. Shmelva, V. Kamianets, M. Blicha, E. Jedrzefko, and others. The purpose of this article is to analyze the lexical and semantic aspects of the hodonyms of Vinnytsia, which appeared as a result of the decolonization of toponyms in 2023. The main research methods are: descriptive, comparative-historical, structural-semantic, and component analysis. Results. The new names immortalize the memory of outstanding figures of culture and art, significant historical episodes, heroes of the all-time liberation struggles, and heroes of the Russian-Ukrainian war. All the analyzed onyms are divided into two groups: derivatives of other proper names, including anthroponyms, microtoponyms, microhydronyms, and onyms of appellative origin. The group of hodonyms derived from anthroponyms includes about 150 names. Among them are the following: 1) hodonyms-names of the heroes of the Russian-Ukrainian war; 2) hodonyms-names of cultural and arts figures, including Ukrainian writers, publicists, journalists, literary scholars, critics, folklorists, composers, singers, actors, artists, architects, and film directors; 3) hodonyms-names of Ukrainian public figures, princes, philanthropists, human rights activists, politicians, military leaders, scientists, educators, and rebels. The group of hodonyms derived from toponyms is presented as follows: 1) derived from oikonyms, including astionym; 2) derived from chorononyms, including sovereignonyms; 3) derived from microtoponyms, microhydronyms. The group of hodonyms derived from appellatives is represented by a small number of names for natural features of the area, the location of an object, etc. Novelty consists in the fact that it is the first lexical and semantic analysis of the hodonyms of Vinnytsia as part of the decolonization of toponyms in 2023. Conclusions. Like other cities in Ukraine, Vinnytsia faced a wave of decolonization of toponyms with Russian and Soviet echoes in 2022-2023. As a result, streets, alleys, and squares were given their historical names. There are personal tributes to the fallen heroes of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The urbanonymicon of Vinnytsia is structured by onymic and appellative derivatives, among which anthroponymic and toponymic homonyms predominate. They reflect the worldview of the city's inhabitants, have important cultural significance, and perform a social, ethnic, and cultural function.

Nazwy własne w literaturze dziecięcej Rogera Hargreavesa w tłumaczeniu Marcina Wróbla

The subject of the analysis presented in the article were personal names and toponyms derived from 42 stories by Roger Hargreaves addressed to children aged 4–6. The description of proper names in the British writer’s works is based on theassumption that the translator fully understood and faithfully reflected the author’s intentions, taking into account the functionality of the cycle of stories and the age of the recipient, and that his goal was to faithfully translate the senses contained in the semantics/sound of the created onyms. The study aimed to capture the mechanisms of creating proper names and the ways of introducing onyms into the text. The article also describes an onymic strategy consisting of a syntactic and semantic juxtaposition of anthroponyms with toponyms which serves to complete the characterisation of the heroes and the construction of the literary world. The names extracted from Hargreaves’s works were considered in terms of their textual and semiotic structures, in both the motivational and pragmatic dimensions. A semanticpragmatic analysis of the names showed that the onyms invented by the author/translator were created as series. Within the creative models used by him, the following stand out due to their frequency: names derived using suffixes, names created with the use of an appellative used specifically for naming people – pan [mister], formations composed with the lexeme mały [small] and items created by means of onymisation.

Theonymy in Brazilian Sign Language: the signs of Orishas

Name-giving and organizing the world through concepts and categories are human acts underlying lexicon production in any language. The lexicon of a language includes proper nouns, which particularize people, places, or things. Onomastics is the field of Linguistics devoted to studying proper names. This article focuses on the proper names of Orishas in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). It analyzes 10 signs that name Orishas in Libras as to their formal and semantic-motivational aspects and taps into the iconicity underlying the relationships between these signs and their referents that might have influenced their creation. This qualitative, applied study is based on descriptive and documentary methods and draws theoretically on Castro (2001), Sousa (2019; 2022a; 2022b; 2023), and Vidigal and Teixeira (2014). Findings indicate that 7 out of the 10 signs are classified as morphologically simple, while the remaining are compound and constituted by Libras-only formants, i.e., without borrowing from the Portuguese language. Iconicity was found in all signs except for NANAN-BURUKU in the semantic-motivational analysis. Findings point to a strong relationship between the naming of Orishas in Libras and the visual experience of the deaf, especially through the iconic relationship between the signs and their referents.

Proposal of Korean-Arabic proper names translation in the story : focusing on the classic Yoo Yeon-jeon.

Proposal of Korean-Arabic proper names translation in the story : focusing on the classic Yoo Yeon-jeon.

Pojęcie ojczyzny w twórczości białoruskich emigrantów i osób represjonowanych

The article analyzes contexts with nouns that express the concept of homeland in Belarusian: radzìma, ajčyna, bac'kaǔščyna. The main meanings of these words are 'place of birth, small homeland’ and 'native/home country’. The works of emigrants and repressed citizens in different periods of the 20th and 21st centuries are considered, including the changes that the concept of homeland in these works has undergone over the past hundred years. In the first half of the 20th century, bac'kaǔščyna 'fatherland’ predominated, at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries, the word radzìma and especially the proper name Belarus prevailed. The noun ajčyna, which belongs to the highest style, was and is used most rarely. In emigration literature, ajčyna and bac'kaǔščyna meant 'homeland’, only the lexeme radzìma sometimes meant 'small homeland, place of birth’. The importance of the country’s history and historical studies for the formation of the concept of homeland is noted.

Translation Strategies of Nusantara Food Menu

The research aims to analyze the translation strategies and the use of Culture-Specific Items (CSIs) in nusantara food menus in Indonesia. Translators usually use their perception to translate the menu without the involvement of the chefs. As a result, the translation of food menus can vary from one restaurant to another because each chef has their unique way of preparing their food. Collaboration between translators and chefs is necessary to ensure that the translated menus highlight the characteristics and uniqueness of each dish. The results show that the translation strategies used are Reduction and Expansion (81 data), Couplets (34 data), Cultural Equivalence (8 data), Transference (7 data), Descriptive Equivalence (5 data), Functional Equivalence (4 data), and Naturalization (2 data). The use of CSIs found in the data are Ingredients (186 data), Cooking Techniques (113 data), Seasoning (83 data), Proper Name (39 data), Flavor (9 data), Color (7 data), and Texture (4 data). However, the translation strategy of Synonymy, Through-Translation, Shift or Transposition, Modulation, Recognised Translation, Translation Label, Compensation, Componential Analysis, Paraphrase, and Other Procedures are not found in the data.

LINGUOCULTURAL PECULIARITIES OF THE ENGLISH PROVERBS WITH PROPER NAMES

This article explores the manifestation of the anthroponymic code of culture in proverbs. The anthroponymic code, a subset of linguocultural codes, encompasses the system of proper names within a culture and reflects its historical, social, and cultural dimensions. Each ethnic group, over different historical periods, develops a unique register of personal names and an anthroponymic model that varies between folk and canonical names.

Deferred reference, meaning transfer or coercion? Toward a new principle of accounting for systematic uses of proper names

Proper names are typically considered to be devices of individual reference. Since Frege (1882), the debate has mainly concerned the proper semantic characteristics of this individual reference. Burge (J Philos 70:425–439, 1973) challenged this focus by highlighting the predicative uses of proper names and proposed that names are predicates even if they appear as bare singulars in the argument position. In turn, this unificatory account was subjected to criticism by Böer, Jeshion, and others, who provided counterexamples to the predicativist analysis of proper names. In this paper, I want to analyze the nonreferential uses of proper names, which, by being nonreferential, provide a challenge for both predicativism and referentialism about proper names. I critically examine the processes proposed as possible accounts of the problematic examples, i.e. deferred reference, meaning transfer, and coercion, and argue that they do not provide an adequate analysis. I propose an interpretive mechanism that accounts for these problematic uses of proper names, as well as a new principle for classifying the kinds of uses of proper names based on the interpretive mechanisms underlying those uses and which includes all of the kinds of uses discussed in the literature.

PROPER NAME AS AN EMOTIVE LEXICAL UNIT UNDER BILINGUALISM IN A MULTIETHNIC LINGUISTIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE LIGHT OF LANGUAGE POSITIVITY THEORY

The article deals with the linguistic category of emotivity. Informal forms of proper names are very re-levant onomastic material for the interpretation and substantiation of the theory of language positivity, since the word-building formants involved in their making, even outside the context and consituation, are able to convey the fi ne nuances of positive human emotions. The purpose of this research is to prove that anthroponymic emotives are both means of explication and implication, manifestation and concealment of emotions. To achieve the goal, a sur-vey of respondents was conducted. The questions used a sample of the most popular, rare and average frequency names in Bashkortostan for 2022, including female names like Amina, Octavia and Valeria, and male names such as Amin, Justin and Vladimir. A number of questions asked about the proper names of informants and their attitudes towards the use of diminutive forms. The analysis of responses showed that most respondents perceived these forms positively. The main scope of these names was limited to communication with loved ones. The frequency of use of informal vocatives in 57.1% of responses was determined by the situation. Participants in the survey off ered 24–80 variants for diminutive forms, which according to respondents implied a subjective positive evaluation. Among the diminutive suffi xes of anthroponyms, the most positive emotional connotation is carried by suffi xes such as -ochkand -ik. Linguistic and cultural analysis has allowed us to identify value dominants and stereotypes of communica-tive behavior among linguistic personalities. The extralinguistic interpretation of diminutive proper names provides a reason to regard onomastic units (anthroponyms) as positively connotated emotives. Based on the results of the research, we can conclude that the ethnically specifi c feature of speech in bilingual conditions, using the onomastics of the Republic of Bashkortostan as an example, is the tradition of person naming that has developed in the native language as well as the use of Russian word-formation patterns.

Erratum to “Differential approach to preoperative preparations for diffuse purulent peritonitis in children” (doi: 10.17816/psaic1570)

The editorial board regret that in the published abstract in Chinese, the hospital name V.D. Seredavin Samara Regional Hospital, Samara, containing proper names, is translated in hieroglyphs, not in Latin. The editorial board is confident that the error could not significantly affect the perception of the work and interpretation of information by readers. The error has been corrected online, and the file of the article and issue have been updated.

POPULAR SCIENCE LINGUISTIC DISCOURSE IN MASS MEDIA: UPDATING LINGUISTIC KNOWLEDGE

The article deals with the specifi cs of functioning of popular scientifi c linguistic discourse in mass media. Popular science content is not mandatory for mass media. The main task of mass media is to communicate relevant information to the addressee. The functioning of popular scientifi c linguistic discourse in media sources of this type is conditioned by a number of factors that make scientifi c information relevant to the mass addressee. Based on the analysis of three print media (the newspapers Argumenty i Fakty, Izvestia and Kommersant) three factors of actu-alization of scientifi c linguistic knowledge have been revealed: 1) intellectual; 2) pragmatic; 3) informational and entertaining. The popular scientifi c linguistic discourse, the actualization of which is conditioned by the intellectual factor, helps the reader to comprehend actual facts and events. Linguistic information in this case can be presented in diff erent amounts and represented in diff erent ways. But at the same time popular scientifi c linguistic discourse is not independent, it is presented in the context of an event relevant to the reader. With the help of scientifi c knowledge, the mass addressee gets an opportunity to critically evaluate this event. Popular scientifi c linguistic discourse, the relevance of which is conditioned by the pragmatic factor, can be used by the addressee in practical speech activity. These are materials about the normative use of individual units of the Russian literary language and articles about the rules of speech interaction. The relevance of popular scientifi c linguistic discourse can be conditioned by the informational-entertainment factor: the reader as a language user shows interest in certain linguistic phenomena. On the basis of thematic analysis, the spheres of linguistic knowledge which are of the greatest interest to the mass addressee are singled out: 1) history of words and phraseologisms; 2) lexical meaning of obsolete and new words (neologisms); 3) the use of proper names. As the analysis has shown, popular scientifi c linguistic discourse in mass media is subordinated to the main principle of content formation — the principle of relevance. Communicative, genre and style specifi city, as well as the way of representation of linguistic information are determined by the in-tellectual, pragmatic or informational and entertaining factors of actualization of this discourse.

PROPER NAMES OF THE SEAS: STRUCTURE, ORIGIN, FUNCTIONING IN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

The main goal of our research is to collect, systematize and analyze the proper names of all seas that are in the Ukrainian language. The purpose of the research involves solving the following tasks: 1) to draw up a register of pelagonyms; 2) determine their denotative and characteristic features; 3) find out etymological and word-forming features; 4) describe the peculiarities of functioning in the Ukrainian language; 5) establish the defining features of this type of proper names. The object of analysis is 238 pelagonyms, and their denotative-characteristic, etymological-word-forming and functional features are the subject of analysis. In the process of analysis, we used genetic (to determine the origin of proper names), etymological (to find out the features of names creation), descriptive (to determine the extralingual features of pelagonyms), structural (to characterize the structure of names), functional (to describe features related to the functioning of seas names in texts of various styles) research methods and the method of quantitative calculations (to determine the productivity of different types of pelagonyms). It was established that compound constructions (the most productive models are "noun + adjective" and "noun + noun"), formed by a syntactic method, with combined motivation (in particular, locative-, memorial-, and qualitative-substantial) dominate, they are derived from onyms and appellatives. Geographical terms and anthroponyms or toponyms prevail in their composition. Most pelagonyms are ancient, hybrid, lowfrequency, emotionally neutral names that have a known and obscure etymology, are used in a scientific style, are elements of language (not speech), belong to the passive vocabulary, are unknown to the general public, and are devoid of ethnocultural meaning. In the future, we plan to pay attention to the general characteristics of other proper names: both open water bodies (for example, loughs or streams), and such categories as oikonyms, oronyms, or choronyms. Over time, this will make it possible to form a complete picture of the Ukrainian toponymy.

ANTHROPONYMIC SPACE IN THE DRAMATIC BOOK "MOTHERS" BY MARIA MATIOS

The article is devoted to the study of the anthroponymic space in the book "Mothers" by Maria Matios. The study of the proper names of the literary heroes, which have an impact on the formation of images and determine the "face" of the literary work, significantly complements general knowledge about names. Our goal is to analyze the anthroponymic space of the book "Mothers"; our task is to characterize proper names of the literary heroes, combining etymology and author’s characteristics; to determine the role of appellatives in revealing images, to pay attention to the title of the book. The object of the research is the proper names of the literary heroes in the book "Mothers" by Maria Matios. The subject of the study is the information content of the proper names of the literary heroes and of the title of the book "Mothers" by Maria Matios. Research methods: descriptive method and its main techniques: observation, interpretation and generalization, which allows to identify, systematize and analyze proper names; the contextual-interpretive method is used to determine the connotative load of proper names of the literary heroes; distributional analysis helps to reveal hidden evaluative information in the semantic structure of onyms; the method of etymological analysis helps to clarify the pre-anthroponymic semantics of proper names. It was found that biblionym Mothers is the semantic core of the text. The title of the book "Mothers" accumulates the unfolding of the plot together with all literary heroes, becomes a symbol. It is proved that proper names of the literary heroes play an important role in the literary text. The names of the main characters contain a huge information load. It can be read in the pre-onym semantics of the anthroponym, in the author’s characteristics, it is expressed by a whole series of different connotations. The author takes the names of her characters from real anthroponymy, that’s why we recorded traditional names and surnames that are characteristic of Hutsul Bukovyna. Attention was drawn to the motives for the formation of the call signs of Ukrainian soldiers, to the role of appellatives, to the use of theonyms. Proper names of the literary heroes in the book "Mothers" not only name the characters, but also characterize them. The prospect of further investigations is the study and comparative characterization of the proper names of the literary heroes from the novels "The Shoes of the Mother of God" by Maria Matios and "Between Love and Death" by the Ukrainian writer of Romania Mykhailo Hafia Traista.

INNOVATIONS IN THE LEXICOGRAPHICAL PROCESSING OF ONYM LEXICON

The aim of the article is to analyze the innovativeness of the lexicographical interpretation of the corpus of proper names used in literary texts on Hutsul themes, in the appendix to the two-volume dictionary "Hutsul Dialect Lexicon and Phraseology in Ukrainian Literary Language" — "Onym Lexicon". The object of the study is the appendix "Onym Lexicon" to the two-volume dictionary "Hutsul Dialect Lexicon and Phraseology in Ukrainian Literary Language". The subject of the research is the innovativeness of the aforementioned appendix "Onym Lexicon". The main method of the research was the analytical-descriptive method. The result of the study is the identification and substantiation of the innovativeness of the lexicographical interpretation of the corpus of onyms in the format of the "Onym Lexicon" dictionary, created as an appendix to the two-volume dictionary "Hutsul Dialect Lexicon and Phraseology in Ukrainian Literary Language". This approach to the study of proper names through the prism of literary language has proven to be quite effective. It complements the methodology of dictionary interpretation of proper names with new theoretical and practical developments. A formula for the interpretation of each type of onym has been developed, taking into account the nominative-significative nature of each. At the same time, the results of this approach contain valuable information that is important for modeling and analyzing the regional-dialectal worldview through the prism of literary language. For example, oikonyms, and their prevalence in literary texts, indicate the significance and priority of certain settlements in the life of the Hutsuls. They record key centers of economic, historical-political, cultural-artistic, and religious spheres of the highlanders. Anthroponyms contain information about the connections of the Hutsuls with other peoples. Oronyms, from an informative point of view, are linguistic units that convey the harsh living and farming conditions of mountain dwellers and their love for their native land. Hagionyms and eortonyms contain information about the religiosity and piety of the Hutsuls. Other onyms also carry important information about the regional-dialectal worldview of the Hutsuls. The Hutsul linguistic worldview in its literary version would be impoverished and incomplete without the knowledge and information expressed by proper names. We see the prospects for further research on this topic in deepening the study of the possibilities of the "Onym Lexicon" dictionary-appendix for scientific understanding of the literary onomasticon and for modeling the regional-dialectal worldview of the Hutsuls.

STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH PICTONYMS

The article is devoted to the study of structural features of English pictonyms — proper names of paintings. Pictonym is a subclass of imageonym, which is a subclass of artionym, which, in turn, is a subclass of ideonym. Proper names of paintings are an under-researched area of onomastics that attracts the attention of many scientists because proper names play an important role in the spiritual development of society and have their own unique features that distinguish them from other onyms. The purpose of the article is to examine the structural division of English pictonyms. The object of the research is English pictonyms. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the structural characteristics of English pictonyms. The research material is a selection of 500 English pictonyms from the catalogues of the National Gallery located in London, the Royal Gallery located in Buckingham Palace (London), the Victoria and Albert Museum (London), the National Gallery of Art located in Washington, the Yale Center for British Art in downtown New Haven, Connecticut, and specialised art websites. During the study, a descriptive method was used to analyze the actual material, as well as a statistical method to count the number of English pictonyms analysed. Based on the general classification of M. M. Torchynskyy, pictonyms were divided into three groups: simple, complex and compound. It was found that the vast majority of the analyzed units belong to the compound type and structurally represent a group of word combinations. Phrases, combined abbreviations, word combinations, and sentences are followed by quantitative indicators. A smaller number of simple pictonyms, of which affixational and non-affixational ones are distinguished by their structural features. The smallest part consists of complex names, among which we are able to identify proper composites, affixational composites, and abbreviations.

PSYCHO-PHONO-SEMANTIC POTENTIAL OF A FEMALE NAME: AN ALGORITHM OF ATTRIBUTIVE GRADATION

The article is devoted to the study of the psycho-phono-semantics of female names by the author’s algorithm. The purpose of the study is to find out the functions of the sound of female names according to a gradation algorithm based on phonetic content and colour associations of vowel sounds. Objectives of the study are: to present the psycho-phono-semantics of vowel sounds based on empirical studies; to substantiate the phonetic content of the female noun according to the attributive algorithm gradation (names with the status of very, more, the most); to present the colour range of the female noun based on the stressed vowel(s); to find out the role and functions of the psycho-phono-semantics of the female noun. The object of the study is the psychological features of the sound organisation of female names. The subject of the study is the phonetic content and colour of the most popular names according to the author’s algorithm. The actual research material was based on data from the Ministry of Justice, which lists the most popular female names. Using the author’s algorithm of attributive gradation, the phonetic content of female names based on vowel sounds was studied for the first time. For the first time, the colour scheme of a female noun was studied based on all vowel sounds of the name. The common attributive meaning beautiful in all of female names may be related to the phonetic properties of the vowels or perhaps historical associations that these names have. Differences in other associations and attributes may be due to other phonetic details of each name and the specifics of their cultural usage. Analysis of colour associations and semantics of names with different vowels but with unstressed [i] is interesting. The sound [i] can have different correlations with colours that arise as a result of phonetic features. Names with vowels can have a wide range of colours. The psycho-phono-semantics of the feminine noun plays an important role in the perception and understanding of names, determining what associations, impressions and emotions female names evoke. The phonetic meaning of names is subjective and may vary depending on the on the perception of the individual. A proper name, in addition to its phonetic properties, always carries a personal identity and history, and this is also an important aspect of its semantics. Prospects for further research of the stated problem are in a thorough study of the psycho-phono-semantics of masculine and feminine nouns based on the phonetic content and colour associations of vowels and consonants using the algorithm of attributive gradation.