Propagation Of Potato Research Articles

Propagation of potato by direct transfer of in vitro proliferated shoot cuttings into the field

A procedure is described for rapid propagation of potato in the field through the use of shoot cuttings proliferated in agar culture in vitro. The cultivars ‘Idit’ and ‘Orit’ produced 7–40 tubers per plant, 10–50 mm in diameter, after 71–96 days in the field. This procedure could enhance the rapid multiplication of seed tubers, especially of newly bred cultivars and of disease-free material.

Rapid propagation of potato by single node cuttings

The use of cuttings has been evaluated for the rapid clonal propagation of potato. Leafy shoot tips and single node cuttings, initially derived from the shoots of tbers planted in pots, root readily in moist potting mix. Up to 300 cuttings per tuber have been obtained within 2 months of planting, and continuing yields of up to 200 cuttings per tuber each 2 weeks over the next 2 months. Establishment of cuttings is optimal under 80% shade, but growth for the production of new cuttings is best with 30–50% shade. A temperature in the range 18°/13° to 24°/19°C is optimal for the establishment of Kennebec, Pontiac and Sebago cuttings. The number of cuttings obtained per initial established cutting ranged between 43 and 67 in 9 weeks for the cultivars Coliban, Exton, Kennebec, Pontiac, Sebago, Sequioa and Tasman. Nodal cuttings provide a method of potato propagation which is both simpler and more rapid than current aseptic culture techniques.

Propagation of potato by shoot tip culture in petri dishes

A method is described for propagating potato shoot tips with liquid culture in petri dishes. With cv: Exton, Pontiac, Kennebec and Sebago multiplication rates could exceed 8-fold every 8 weeks. The petri dishes can be packed so as to accommodate large numbers of multiplying tips in a small space.

Propagation of potato by shoot-tip culture. 1. Shoot multiplication

Extensive proliferation via axiallary meristems can be induced in potato shoot-tips (15–20mm) cultured in liquid media. Proliferation is greatest when a 4-week period of shake culture for 1 1/2 h per day is followed by stationary culture. The rate of proliferation is influenced by light, temperature and phytohormones. Gibberellic acid and kinetin are essential, but the optimal concentrations are different for initial inocula and for subcultures. Under optimal conditions shoot multiplication rates in excess of 10–25 fold per 8 weeks are obtained, but there are genotypic differences in the response.

Propagation of potato by shoot-tip culture. 2. Rooting of proliferated shoots

Two methods are described for rooting potato shoots produced in culture. In the first, the shoots are floated on stationary liquid medium containing 1% sucrose and 0.1 mg/l 3-indolylacetic acid, at a photon flux density of 48 μE m−2s−1. In the second, the shoots are placed directly in potting mix in containers sealed with thin polyvinylchloride film. Plantlets produced by both techniques have been successfully transferred to the field and grown to maturity.

A tissue culture method for the rapid propagation of potatoes

A tissue culture method for the rapid propagation of potatoes was studied using 38 varieties. At least 50 plantlets were regeneratedin vitro, in a sequential procedure, from a single isolated shoot tip. Rapid proliferation of shoots was enhanced by shake culture of previously differentiated organogenic cultures. These shoots in turn were used to regenerate complete plantlets by the culture of nodal sectionsin vitro. Culture initiation was more dependent on the variety than culture proliferation. The culture media contained the Murashige-Skoog basal components supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine, gibberellic acid and naphthalene acetic acid. The system described, whereby high propagation rates can be achieved, was referred to as “multi-meristem” culture in contrast to the 1:1 rate normally obtained by the conventional, “single-meristem” culture. Evaluations of varietal stability, using both biochemical and morphological criteria showed no detectable changes due to thein vitro procedures. It is proposed to utilize the “multi-meristem” propagation technique for the conservation and international distribution of valuable clonal germplasm.

Propagation of potato by stem cuttings

Stem cuttings of potato placed in moist sand in the greenhouse developed roots within 2 weeks. The rooted cuttings when transplanted to the field became vigorous and high yielding plants. Stem cuttings were used to obtain rapid and extensive increase of desirable sub-clones.

Investigations of Sweet Potato Propagation by Tuberous Root Cuttings

Investigations of Sweet Potato Propagation by Tuberous Root Cuttings

Propagation of Potatoes

DR. L. G. G. WARNE1 is to be thanked for pointing out London's writings on this subject. The works of J. C. London (not Louden) indeed contain references to emergency methods of potato propagation which recent authors in several countries had thought to be new, even if these authors recognized approximations to some of these methods among the practices of their more economical forefathers. Thus already in the first edition of “An Encyclopedia of Gardening”, the date on the title page of which is given as 1822, there appear in one form or another all the notes and quotations given by Dr. Warne1 from the 1871 edition, while again in the first edition of “An Encyclopedia of Agriculture” (1825) Loudon mentions among means of propagation having strenuous support in some quarters “on the ground of experience. . . small cuttings, sprouts, shoots, or even only the eyes or buds”.

POTATO EYES AS READILY TRANSPORTABLE 'SEED' FOR THE COLONIES

IT has been known for some time that the propagation of potatoes from small pieces of sets and even from single eyes or sprouts is quite feasible. Such methods have indeed been employed by nurserymen and others when the rapid increase of some specially good or new variety was necessary. It is only recently, however, that the practicability of introducing some such system into commercial methods of cultivation has really received careful attention.

Propagation of Potatoes

IT is interesting in view of the recent correspondence1,2 on this subject to recall that a century ago the planting of whole tubers was by no means the only method employed for propagating the potato. Louden (“Encyclopaedia of Agriculture”, 1844) lists the use of small cuttings, sprouts, shoots, eyes, and buds, as methods of propagation, and in “Encyclopaedia of Gardening” these and other methods are described. The following notes are based on descriptions given in the 1871 edition of “The Encyclopaedia of Gardening”, although, so far as can be judged from the preface, they are likely to be identical with descriptions given in the earlier (1834) edition.

Propagation of Potato Seed Tubers from Stems

MENTION has been made by Dr. N. Polunin1 of the practice of propagation of potatoes for seed tubers from what are described as 'tops'. This work has been developed in the U.S.S.R. recently by Prof. Lysenko. The method was employed in Great Britain during the War of 1914–18, though on a smaller scale. The term 'tops' has caused some confusion among British workers, for it refers to the severed rose or top ends of large-size tubers and not, as might be supposed, to the aerial stems of the plant. Tops, shaws or haulms are common names in Great Britain for the stems and thus a wrong impression has arisen.

Stability of oxygenated water

A procedure is described for rapid propagation of potato in the field through the use of shoot cuttings proliferated in agar culture in vitro. The cultivars ‘Idit’ and ‘Orit’ produced 7–40 tubers per plant, 10–50 mm in diameter, after 71–96 days in the field. This procedure could enhance the rapid multiplication of seed tubers, especially of newly bred cultivars and of disease-free material.