Niobium RF superconducting cavities form the basic component of particle accelerators. The presence of trace amounts of hydrogen in niobium is believed to have a detrimental effect on the mechanical and superconducting properties. We have used prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (PGAA) and neutron incoherent scattering to measure bulk hydrogen content in niobium, and the nuclear reaction method to study hydrogen as a function of depth. The methods were used to study native hydrogen concentrations in the niobium, and to study the effects of vacuum heating and acid treatment on the hydrogen concentration.