Promotion Efforts Research Articles

Community-based Agrotourism Development: The Analysis Strategy of Government of Bantaeng Regency, Indonesia

The development of agrotourism can not only encourage economic growth but also increase the positive perception of farmers and the public for preserving agricultural land as new business land. For this purpose, the government needs to take steps for preserving the environment, through means of agrotourism development in order to benefit the community. Through qualitative methods, this study aims to analyze the strategies and efforts that can be made by the government in developing communitybased agrotourism. Research data were obtained from observation, education literature, and interviews, before initiating the analysis, data triangulation process was conducted. The results of the analysis show that the government needs to develop space utilization so that people can develop new agrotourism business products, make promotional efforts to attract visitors, and provide new plant nursery facilities to the community. In addition, to maximize community-based agritourism in Bantaeng district, the government needs to provide training to increase human resources and outreach to the community.
 Keywords: agrotourism development, government, business land

Advertising Regulations in Consumer Protection Law (Comparison of Consumer Protection Law in Indonesia and Thailand)

Advertising not only increases the level of sales of a product, but also serves as an informative tool for consumers. The magnitude of the influence exerted means that a legal regulation is needed for advertising in order to create a conducive system between business actors and consumers. This research uses a normative juridical method by comparing Indonesian consumer protection legal regulations with the Consumer Protection Acr, B.E. 2522 Thailand. There are differences in advertising regulations in Indonesia based on UUPK and CPA, namely regarding the form of advertising prohibition by perpetrators and the sanctions given. The UUPK strictly regulates the prohibition of advertising an item using excessive and incorrect words. This is different from article 22 of the CPA which still provides room for business actors to creatively create advertisements that can attract consumers. Regarding the sanctions given, non-compliance by business actors with UUPK will result in a ban on trade by business actors. In contrast to the CPA, where if a business actor does not fulfill the provisions as stipulated regarding advertising, the CPA does not prohibit the business actor from stopping the trading activities or promotional efforts that are currently being carried out. However, CPA provides relief for business actors by requiring business actors to correct the use of these advertisements.

A closed-loop green supply chain with retailers' competition and product recycling in the green environment under the cap-and-trade policy

<abstract><p>Nowadays, product recycling has become an effective strategy for manufacturing industries to achieve sustainable development due to the scarcity of natural resources, waste management, and greenhouse gas emissions. This study considered an imperfect production-based competitive supply chain model for product recycling in an emission-reduction environment under a cap-and-trade scheme. The manufacturer invests in green technology to restrict carbon emissions during production. The recycler collects used items at a recovery rate depending on the buy-back price and environmental awareness effort. The rival retailers compete against each other for the retail price and promotional effort. The linear type of market demand depends on the retail price, promotional effort, and green level of the product. The proposed model was analyzed analytically and numerically under one centralized system, five decentralized systems, three Stackelberg, and two Nash game structures. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis of the key parameters were studied to justify the feasibility of the proposed model. The present study revealed that the centralized scenario is mostly preferable for supply chain profit. The manufacturer-Stackelberg 1 scenario is most profitable for the manufacturer, whereas the two retailers collect maximum individual profit in the vertical Nash 2 model, where they jointly play the game. Moreover, retail price plays a crucial role in optimizing individual retailers' profits in the competitive market. In connection with the environmental aspects, the government should offer lower carbon caps to curtail excessive emissions and restrict the selling of excess carbon quotas.</p></abstract>

Efficiency of managing a stochastic inventory system in a declining market for non-instantaneous deteriorating items under partial backlogs

In a declining market, companies must adapt their strategies during the mature stage to maintain competitiveness. One of the effective approach to sustaining demand is through targeted promotional efforts, which can extend the products demand in the market. Additionally, implementing an appropriate pricing strategy is essential to ensure products are sold before its start deteriorate or the season ends. This paper explores the role of promotional efforts in shaping pricing policies for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in the declining demand scenario. In the model, we consider the demand as a function of both price and time, incorporating assumptions of partial backlogging for shortages, losts sales, fixed holding costs, and deterioration rate. Using these assumptions, we develop an inventory model that starts with a shortage and ends with zero inventory. The objective is to maximize expected profit per unit time by optimizing both the selling price and replenishment schedules. The innovation of this study lies in integrating promotional efforts with pricing strategies, specifically designed for deteriorating items in a declining market. We present a numerical example to demonstrate the model?s effectiveness and conduct a sensitivity analysis to examine its performance under varying conditions. Finally, we provide managerial insights and outline potential directions for future research.

Optimizing pricing and promotions for sustained profitability in declining markets: A Green-Centric inventory model

<abstract><p>In the face of a competitive and ever-changing business landscape, companies often grapple with the challenge of sustaining their products in declining markets. To combat this issue, effective strategies such as promotional efforts play a pivotal role in boosting demand and maintaining market position. Additionally, businesses are increasingly focusing on ecological safety and greening efforts to minimize their environmental impact while ensuring the production of environmentally friendly products. These green initiatives not only contribute to environmental sustainability but can also enhance retailer profitability. This article presents an innovative inventory model tailored for perishable products within a stochastic environment. The model integrates elements such as linear pricing, time dynamics, promotional efforts, and a demand rate that depends non-linearly on the level of greening efforts. The model also considers partial backlogging of shortages, lost sales, time-dependent product deterioration, and investments in preservation technology to mitigate deterioration effects. The primary objective is to calculate the retailer's profit function, taking into account cycle time, selling price, promotional effort, and greening effort as key variables. To address this complex problem, the article introduces an algorithm for finding feasible solutions. Furthermore, the concavity of these solutions is demonstrated through graphical analysis. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the application of the model, and sensitivity analysis is conducted to elucidate how changes in inventory parameters impact decision variables. We will also depicted the short representation of proposed study in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="Figure1">Figure 1</xref>.</p> </abstract>

Strategies to overcome stagnation in agricultural adoption despite awareness and interest: a case study of conservation agriculture in South Asia

Abstract The Eastern Gangetic Plains are a densely populated region of South Asia with comparatively low productivity yet a strong potential to intensify production to meet growing food demands. Conservation agriculture-based sustainable intensification (CASI) has gained academic and policy traction in the region, yet despite considerable promotional activities, uptake remains limited. Based on emerging evidence delving beyond a binary classification of adoption, this qualitative study seeks to explore the experiences and perspectives of smallholder farmers who express positive sentiments about CASI, yet have not progressed to (autonomous) adoption. After thematic coding of semi-structured interviews with 44 experimenting farmers and 38 interested non-users, ten common themes emerged that explain why farmers stagnate in their adoption process. Seven of the ten themes were non-specific to CASI and would constraint promotion and uptake of any agri-system change, highlighting the need for contextual clarity when promoting practice changes in smallholder systems. We summaries this to propose the ‘four T's’ that are required to be addressed to enable agricultural change in smallholder systems: Targeting; Training; Targeted incentives; and Time. Through this more nuanced evaluation approach, we argue the need for a stronger focus on enabling environments rather than technological performance evaluations generically, if promotional efforts are to be successful and emerging sustainable intensification technologies are to be adopted by smallholder farmers.

ACHIEVING PROMOTION THROUGH CONSTRUCTING PRAGMATIC IDENTITIES IN ANTHROPOMORPHIC SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING – A CASE STUDY

As a large number of companies adopt anthropomorphic marketing approaches to share information and promote products on social media, this paper examines the role of identities constructed by these companies on such platforms in enhancing their marketing endeavors. Utilizing three e-commerce official accounts on Weibo, a prominent Chinese social media platform, this research delves into the linguistic perspective to uncover how diverse pragmatic identities constructed by these accounts can impact their promotional efforts. A tailored analytical framework, integrating pragmatic identity theory with rapport management theory, is developed to reflect their projected identities and elucidate the strategies employed in their construction across discourse, stylistic, and illocutionary dimensions. Under the content analysis of a self-built mini-corpus, this study shows that their identities, which belong to pragmatic identities, are defined in three dynamic and interactive aspects: good bargain promoter, beautiful life sharer, and e-commercial media introducer. Each identified identity is subsequently exemplified with authentic posts, providing an understanding of their promotional facilitation functions. Finally, the feasibility of constructing various pragmatic identities within social media contexts is discussed.

The Effect of Educative Blog Health Education in Preparation for Childbirth on the Knowledge of Pregnant Women Primigravida Trimester III

Background and Aims: Maternal labor-readiness will help mothers to be more willing to face their labor smoothly and prevent high maternal and infant mortality rates. Then the easy way to use blog applications as a medium to meet information needs is expected to help third trimester pregnant women in preparing for their labor. Educational blogs can be an innovation in health education for pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of educational blogs on the knowledge of third trimester primigravid women about labor preparation in the Payung Sekaki Health Center area, Riau, Indonesia. Methods: This type of experimental research used a One Group Pretest-Posttest research design that included 60 primigravid women who were randomly selected and met the inclusion requirements. This research was conducted at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center Riau, Indonesia in August-December 2022. Statistical tests were conducted using paired sample t-test. Results: The results showed that the average score of Pre-Test knowledge was 70.80 and Post-Test 88.60 and there was an effect of using educational blog media on the knowledge of third trimester primigravid women about labor preparation in the Payung Sekaki Health Center area (p < 0.05) with an increase in knowledge by 25.14%. Conclusions: It is expected that health workers can optimize the use of educational blogs in providing health education as a promotional effort, especially regarding childbirth preparation.

Beyond the Ride: A PLS-SEM Analysis on the SKSPS Contribution Dynamics in Malaysian E-Hailing Odyssey

This study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to investigate the factors influencing gig workers’ propensity to contribute to Malaysia’s Self-Employed Social Security Program (SKSPS), introduced in 2017. Based on a sample of 251 E-hailing workers, the analysis reveals a significant relationship between trust and the propensity to contribute, underlining the paramount role of trust in social insurance participation. However, non-significant associations between promotion efforts, awareness, financial capabilities, and contribution propensity are observed. The model, with an R2 value of 0.613, demonstrates commendable explanatory power. These findings contribute to the literature on social insurance participation, emphasising the importance of trust that warrants further investigation. The study concludes with recommendations for refining trust-building initiatives, promotional strategies, and awareness campaigns to enhance social insurance participation within the gig economy context.

Dynamic pricing and emission reduction efforts in a dual-channel green supply chain under bidirectional free riding

In this study, a tripartite dynamic game framework is introduced to address the joint carbon reduction challenges among green supply chain members and the bidirectional free-riding behavior of digital and brick-and-mortar retailers. The model specifically involves a manufacturer, a digital retailer, and a brick-and-mortar retailer, examining their optimal pricing and emission reduction decisions, as well as the extent of the bidirectional free-riding effect. The findings indicate that both the manufacturer's enhancement of emission reduction efforts and the retailers' amplification of their promotional endeavors result in increased prices and profits. The influence of a retailer's low-carbon reputation on the manufacturer's carbon reduction initiatives depends on the impact of the manufacturer's own emission reduction level on their efforts. Furthermore, due to the bidirectional free-riding phenomenon, the effect of the digital (brick-and-mortar) retailer's low-carbon reputation on the promotional efforts of the brick-and-mortar (digital) retailer relies on the influence of their own low-carbon reputation on their promotional initiatives. In addition, the bidirectional free-riding behavior of digital and brick-and-mortar retailers is closely associated with factors such as the coefficient of the retailer's promotional effort level, the coefficient of the retailer's promotional cost, the attenuation rate of low-carbon reputation, and other parameters.

Promoting Reproductive Health: An Experience of Adolescents in West Java, Indonesia

Various programs related to adolescent reproductive health in Indonesia have started to involve adolescents as educators or peer counsellors. These programs primarily aimed to empower adolescents in their health promotion and prevention efforts and those of their peers, including their reproductive health. This research aimed to explore teenagers’ experiences in promoting adolescent reproductive health in West Java, Indonesia. This research utilized a qualitative approach. Data were analysed using content analysis. The research results found that the reasons for participating as peer educators were due to their willingness to be part of solving adolescent health problems, being happy with the health sector, and increasing knowledge and experience. The parents’ response was generally supportive even though they were initially doubtful and worried. The provisions obtained as a peer educator included training and socialization. Before becoming peer educators, informants received socialization and/or training regarding adolescent reproductive health. The roles and activities carried out included providing information, education and counselling, collaborating, carrying out physical examinations, providing additional food, administering ferrous sulphate as well as recording and reporting. The difficulties that many teenagers experienced included physical, psychological, and social problems. The challenges experienced included miscommunication and less support from adults, hard to carry out cadre formation, and teenagers’ low awareness. To increase the role and involvement of adolescents in promoting the reproductive health of their peers, adequate provision and support from adults and policymakers is needed.

Analysis of Stress-Coping Behavior of Female Tahfiz students at an Islamic Boarding School X Semarang City: A Cross-Sectional Study

Maha santri tahfiz is a term for students who live in Islamic boarding schools and are memorizing the Quran with a load three times heavier because of college, as students and memorizers of the Qur’an who must be strict in managing their time, which causes them to be often depressed so that they are easily stressed. The purpose of the study was to analyze the coping behavior of female tahfiz students. The research uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional approach. The population is 60 students with a total sampling sample. The results showed that age (p=0.036) was related to coping behavior, stress, emotion, focused coping, but not related to coping, stress, problem, focused coping. The variables of college majors, knowledge, attitudes, availability of facilities and infrastructure, availability of information, and attitudes and behaviors of the closest people are not related to the two behaviors of coping stress. Islamic boarding schools need to review the tahfiz program related to the minimum age limit and need preventive promotional efforts related to mental health problems from health and educational institutions in Islamic boarding schools

The Case of Cogtong’s Timori: Features, Usage and Vitality

Language is a dynamic and ever-evolving entity crafted by human necessity, but its intricacies can fade into obscurity if not meticulously documented and preserved. This case study was employed to gain a deep understanding of the research design inherent in the data, which focuses on exploring the linguistic intricacies of Cogtong's Timori language. This looks into its distinctive features regarding phonology, morphological and lexical blends, and syntax. Through in-depth interviews and observations, key informants shed light on Timori's multifaceted usage, encompassing family, educational, and workplace communication. Additionally, it unveils Timori's historical role as a secret code during World War II, a means for discreetly poking fun at others, and a stealthy language for sharing gossip. Despite its vitality within the Cogtong community, Timori remains confined to this locality, facing a dearth of comprehensive written documentation and formal language promotion efforts. To safeguard this unique linguistic heritage of this community, recommendations are proposed, including the need for comprehensive language documentation, the implementation of bilingual education programs, public promotion initiatives, and advocacy for language policies. Timori's significance lies in its ability to connect people through culture and identity, underscoring the necessity of concerted efforts to ensure its continued vitality for future generations.

Hygiene Promotion Interventions and Their Effectiveness in Protecting Public Health in Rohingya Refugee Settlements in Bangladesh

This paper examines the effectiveness of hygiene promotion interventions in protecting public health within the Rohingya refugee settlements in Bangladesh. The study focuses on various strategies implemented to improve hygiene practices and reduce the incidence of waterborne diseases among the refugee population. Key interventions include the distribution of hygiene kits, handwashing campaigns, construction and maintenance of sanitation facilities, and educational programs tailored to the cultural context of the Rohingya community. Through a mixed-methods approach involving quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and observational data, the study assesses changes in hygiene behaviors, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP), as well as health outcomes. The findings indicate significant improvements in hygiene practices, such as increased handwashing with soap, greater use of latrines, and better water storage practices, alongside a notable reduction in diarrheal disease incidence. The paper also highlights the critical role of community engagement, cultural sensitivity, and continuous monitoring in enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of hygiene interventions. These insights contribute to the broader understanding of public health strategies in humanitarian settings and provide valuable recommendations for future hygiene promotion efforts in similar contexts.

ЕКОНОМІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ МІЖНАРОДНИХ СТАНДАРТІВ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОЇ ГРИ: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

This comprehensive article delves into the multifaceted landscape of responsible gambling measures worldwide, providing a nuanced analysis of proposed strategies, methodologies employed, and the ensuing outcomes. The research examines an array of tools designed to foster responsible gambling behaviour, including mandatory gaming breaks, automatic informational messages, spending limits, behaviour tracking instruments, self-exclusion programs, and the crucial aspect of staff training in identifying and addressing gambling-related issues. Methodologically, the study employs a thorough review of existing literature, encompassing diverse screening tools and their prevalence in different national contexts. These disparities emphasize the challenges associated with cross-country comparisons, calling for standardized approaches in future research efforts. Moreover, results indicate promising outcomes for certain responsible gambling strategies, such as mandatory breaks, while acknowledging the need for more in-depth research to draw conclusive and universally applicable findings. At the same time, the article underscores the evolving nature of responsible gambling initiatives and the dynamic interplay between different tools. Furthermore, the discussion delves into the critical role of staff training within the gambling industry, emphasizing the importance of equipping personnel with the skills to identify and address problematic gambling behaviour effectively. The impact of promotional efforts on responsible gambling is also scrutinized, with insights into the complex relationship between awareness promotion and actual behavioural changes. In conclusion, this article contributes a nuanced understanding of responsible gambling measures, shedding light on the evolving landscape globally. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing research, standardized methodologies, and continuous adaptation of strategies to effectively address the multifaceted challenges posed by gambling-related issues.

Navigating Physical Activity Promotion and Policy in the Post-COVID-19-Pandemic Era.

There is limited evidence on the priorities and opportunities associated with promoting population physical activity (PA) participation for the post-COVID-19-pandemic future. This study assessed government-led PA promotion efforts before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, along with post-COVID-19-pandemic priorities and recommendations. Two separate cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2023. Survey 1 was targeted at the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) Country Contacts. Survey 2 also included key international informants representing influential stakeholders in PA policy implementation. There were 68 respondents to Survey 1, collectively representing 61 countries. An additional 37 people, including representatives from 14 key international stakeholders responded to Survey 2. Eighty-two percent of countries had national PA policies. COVID-19 widely disrupted PA policy implementation. Less than 40% of countries integrated PA into their COVID-19 response plan and more than 75% reported policies that restricted PA participation. Although most respondents indicated that government PA priorities did not change due to the COVID-19 pandemic, one in five countries reported that cross-sectoral partnership had become more important during this period. Less than a third of postpandemic governments reported as highly engaged despite the widespread proliferation of PA policies and plans prior to the pandemic. There were variations according to country, region, and income. Elevating PA promotion on the public health agenda is crucial for the post-COVID-19-pandemic era. At a policy level, it is critical to focus on adequate resourcing, cross-sectoral partnerships, integrated interventions, and inequities in participation. These factors have become increasingly important in the postpandemic PA policy landscape.

Examining HPV vaccination behavior among young adults: Insights from applying the Health Belief Model.

Despite evidence-based recommendations for HPV vaccination, uptake among young adults is suboptimal. Limited research has explored factors that may influence HPV vaccination among young adults, as well as associated promotion and informational preferences in this group. This study aimed to examine factors associated with HPV vaccination among young adults and preferences for HPV vaccine information and promotion. This study utilized a cross-sectional design to examine factors related to HPV vaccination among young adults on a university campus in Tennessee. Data were collected via an online survey administered to students, aged 18-26 years, from March-May 2023. Study measures included sociodemographic characteristics, health/healthcare-related factors, and perception-related measures. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Out of 402 participants that completed the survey, 209 reported being vaccinated against HPV. In the adjusted model, variables associated with HPV vaccination were perceived risk (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.05, 1.20), perceived barriers (aOR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.81), higher HPV knowledge (aOR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.33), and receipt of healthcare provider recommendations (aOR = 12.90; 95% CI: 7.08, 23.51). Study findings suggest that those who are vaccinated were more likely to report receiving healthcare provider recommendations, low perceived barriers, higher HPV knowledge and perceived risk. Future HPV vaccination promotion efforts for young adults may consider increasing HPV vaccine knowledge and awareness, addressing barriers, and strengthening provider recommendations.

Poor Male Students’ Enrolment into Home Economics and Related Programmes in Tertiary Institutions in Anambra State, Nigeria

The study looked at the issue of poor male students’ enrollment into Home Economics and related programmes in tertiary institutions in Anambra State, Nigeria. It adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population for this study comprised of all the (regular) undergraduate students in the Home Economics related programmes in the five tertiary institutions in Anambra State. The population is two hundred and six (206) students. Instrument used for the study was a structured 4-point questionnaire. The instrument's validity was ensured through consulting experts in Home Economics and Measurement and Evaluation fields in, Nwafor Orizu College of Education, Nsugbe. The reliability of the instrument was established through a test re-test procedure and correlated to yield a coefficient of 0.81. Data for this study was collected primarily by the researchers. The data were analyzed with arithmetic mean and standard deviation. From the results, it was identified that the causes of poor male student enrollment revolve around societal stereotypes, limited awareness of the subject’s scope, inadequate promotional efforts; among others. Educational outreach and awareness, deconstructing gender stereotypes, parental and community engagement, were suggested as strategies to improve male students enrolment. Based on findings, the researchers recommend a curriculum adjustment and more inclusive educational environment and mindset that will showcase Home Economics as a field suitable for all, regardless of gender.

Exploring nutrition-related interests of the transgender and gender-diverse community: a content analysis of a transgender-centric discussion forum on Reddit.

The solicitation of nutrition-related health advice on social media platforms is on the rise. However, there is a paucity of research on the distinctive nutrition-related concerns and needs faced by transgender and gender-diverse individuals. Understanding patterns of nutrition-related information-seeking behaviour is vital to advancing health promotion efforts within this community. This study aimed to characterise the nutrition-related questions posed by the transgender community on a prominent social media outlet, Reddit. A qualitative, cross-sectional content analysis was conducted, focusing on the top 100 submissions (ranked by popularity) within a transgender-centric online subreddit (r/asktransgender). Data extraction was facilitated using the Application Programming Interface Pushshift. The content analysis was conducted using NVivo. The study was situated within the discussion forum of the social media platform, Reddit. A total of 148 references from 90 eligible posts were identified and coded. The major themes included the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on nutritional health (n 66), weight status (n 45), dietary needs and behaviours (n 21), physical activity and weight loss on body shape (n 9), social undermining (n 4) and effects of health behaviours on HRT (n 3). This study underscores the pressing need for tailored and evidence-based nutrition guidelines and communication toolkits that specifically address the distinct needs and experiences of transgender individuals, particularly those undergoing HRT.

Promotive And Preventive Efforts in Improving Clean and Healthy Living Behavior at SDN 3 Jatiroto Sumberbaru Jember

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat/PHBS) is an important strategy to improve health status because many diseases can be prevented if people adopt healthy living behavior. School children are an age group that is vulnerable to experiencing health problems because most of their time is spent outside the home environment and under the supervision of their parents. When children are in the school environment, they can experience disease transmission from peers, from the school environment or they may consume food that does not meet health requirements. School children are also an age group that is easy to provide knowledge about PHBS to form healthy behavior. This service activity aims to increase promotive and preventive efforts for the PHBS behavior of elementary school children. The number of respondents in this service activity was 40 students. The service activities include improving the behavior of washing hands with running water and using soap on an ongoing basis, increasing the behavior of using healthy and clean latrines on an ongoing basis, and increasing knowledge about consuming healthy snacks at school. As for the results of this activity, PHBS behavior among children at SDN 3 Jatiroto increased from good behavior from only 5 respondents (12.4%) to 32 respondents (80%). It is hoped that this activity can continue to be carried out continuously for students who have just entered school so that the students will continue to do this activity when they move up to grade.