Sport Promotion Research Articles

Curling for Confidence: Psychophysical Benefits of Curling for Older Adults.

While physical activity is increasingly promoted for older adults, there is a paucity of sport promotion, which has distinct benefits from exercise and remains stereotypically associated with younger age. Curling is a moderately intense and safe sport that continues to gain popularity; however, no research has investigated psychophysical benefits of curling for older adults. The present study compares high-experience (20+ years; n = 63) and low-experience (<20 years; n = 53) curlers (aged 60+ years) with older adult noncurlers (n = 44) on measures of daily functionality, balance confidence, and perceptions of the aging process. While no significant differences were found between high- and low-experience curlers, any level of experience reported significantly better functionality, physical confidence, and aging attitudes compared to noncurlers (p ≤ .05). Although further research is necessary, the results suggest that any level of curling experience can enhance older adult psychophysical well-being, and warrants consideration for physical activity promotion and falls prevention programs.

일본 스포츠정책에 관한 연구 : 스포츠청의 설립 경위와 그 운영체제

This paper presents the case of the establishment process and the operating system of the central sports governance of Japan newly established on October 1, 2015. First, The Sports Agency reflected the ideals of the Basic Law of Sports and was positioned at a higher level than the previous level and was launched outside the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Second, The Sports Agency was established in a complex action which includes successful hosting of international events such as the 2019 Rugby World Cup, the 2020 Tokyo Olympics; the improvement of plural sports governance which has been pointed out before; the demand of sports-related legal and administrative maintenance in response to the change over time; a campaign to connect the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 to the Olympics and so on. Third, as an important policy task of ‘entering the sport’, Japan has systematically adjusted the institutional aspects of establishing the Sport Agency, such as the establishment of the Sports Basic Law and the establishment of the Sports Basic Plan, as well as internal and external research and review. Fourth, the basic direction and linkage system with related ministries that carry out sports promotion were improved and became active. This is to enhance efficiency and to create new and various synergy effects through coordination and cooperation among various ministries such as the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of National Transportation, and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

I Would Rather Die Than Live Sedentary

This critical reflection discusses some potential positive and negative implications, with particular focus on the latter, of the promotion and participation of sport and physical activity to older people. Reflecting upon my 15 years of research on older Masters athletes (and active older people in general), I argue that the field of sports/exercise sciences needs to change its framework for leisure engagement (or physical activity) for current and future cohorts of older adults from one of blaming inactivity for disease, to a framework that values all forms of leisure, from passive to active, mental to social, etc, and one that accepts difference and diversity in aging.

スポーツ・地域振興プログラムにおける Web プラットフォームの拡張的導入に向けた考察

スポーツ・地域振興プログラムにおける Web プラットフォームの拡張的導入に向けた考察

Characteristic Features of Professional Study of Physical Education and Sports in the USA

Actuality. Innovative processes in the field of physical culture and sports, understanding the value of health, recognition of high social importance of physical education, promotion of fitness, physical activities and sports, creating a positive public attitude to physical activity and sport through the recognition and respect for the achievements of teams or individual people – all of the above leads to the need of the expansion of the services rendered by means of physical activity and accordingly requires substantial changes in the study of future professionals of physical education and sport. One of the current issues in society today is a lack of professionals in the sphere of physical education and sport. Preparation of these professionals should take into account current global trends of education and the need to consider the experience of leading countries. Methods. Methodological principles of research are: the theory of philosophical knowledge and mutual interdependence of the phenomena of objective reality; an objective study of the development and communication of specific historical conditions based on the unity logical and historical, general and special, theory and practice. Results. The study proved the theory and practice of professional preparation of specialists of physical education and sports in the USA. Scientific theory of the system of such training is generalized. Tendencies of development of physical culture and sports in the US as determinants of modernization of professional preparation of specialists are revealed. The system of professional preparation of specialists of physical education and sports is characterized as one that has a coherent, continuous and differentiated character within university education We studied majors, spheres of physical education and sports, in a wild range of USA universities. The analysis of educational programs, available at these universities, helped us to generalize them as the bachelor programs – academic specializations, which are determined as majors. We outline twelve majors of bachelor's levels which correspond with the titles of bachelor’s specializations. Data of the comparative analysis of curriculum shows that it structure hascommon and quite unified character and consists of three key components: general education, field disciplines and major courses. It was found that for the Parks, recreation, leisure, and fitness studies divides these components pretty much alike and displays slight divergences not as much in the content of curricula as in the titles of the studied disciplines. Four years is provided for a bachelor's degree education, during which the student assimilates a set of academic courses within 120 credits. Selection process at the universities is based on grade requirements for academic courses. Hence only 14–15 % of the students on average complete bachelors degree in the USA.It is studied that in US schools traditional forms of learning and modern interactive technologies are practiced. Current control and selection provide quality of professional preparation of specialists. Universities and colleges in the United States available additional paid spring and summer semester lasting 1–3 weeks to eliminate the «debt» capture additional students in disciplines such additional payment semesters.

Toward “Sport for all”: Jang Gwon and Sport Promotion by the Korean YMCA in the Japanese Occupation Era

This study examines the historical significance of Jang Gwon’s activities in the sport promotion carried out by Korea’s YMCA. At its birth, the Korean YMCA’s sport promotion was closely linked with the Korean nationalist movement under Japanese colonial rule, and this link was most evident around 1920, when Jang Gwon worked as a judo master. Citing the Sokol movement in Czechoslovakia, Jang Gwon took initiatives to enlighten Korean people’s consciousness and popularize sports, including judo and basketball, across the country through the Korean YMCA’s sport promotion. In particular, Jang Gwon introduced modern judo—formally known as Gangdogwan (Kodokan judo), initiated by Jigoro Kano—in Korea and took initiatives to establish the Korean Basketball Association and the Korean Basketball Referee Association. Through the Korean YMCA’s sport promotion, Jang Gwon motivated the Korean people to aspire to liberation and independence from Japanese colonial rule. Moreover, amid the prevailing social climate, in which physical activities were discouraged due to the influence of Neo-Confucianism, he provided a paradigm shift that called for “sport for all,” which enabled the modernization of sports and physical education in Korea.

自治体における成人人口を対象とした運動・スポーツ推進事業と 市民の実施頻度・継続期間・組織所属との関連性

自治体における成人人口を対象とした運動・スポーツ推進事業と 市民の実施頻度・継続期間・組織所属との関連性

온라인베팅 확대허용 및 불법 온라인베팅 축소방안에 관한 인식 차이: 이용자, 중독자 및 일반인의 인식 비교

온라인베팅은 누구나 언제 어디서나 접속이 가능하며 ICT기술의 발전에 따라 베팅의 편리성과 다양한 기회로 국내 불법 도박규모는 합법 사행산업의 4배 이상에 달하며, 불법 온라인베팅 시장 또한 가파르게 커지고 있다. 이에, 국내에서 운영되고 있는 체육진흥투표권과 전자복권 외에 다른 유형의 온라인베팅도 확대허용하고 관리해야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 온라인베팅 확대허용에 대한 인식, 온라인베팅 확대허용 시 운영방안과 불법 온라인베팅 축소방안에 대한 인식을 온라인베팅 이용자, 중독자 및 일반인 대상으로 파악하였다. 분석결과, 온라인베팅 확대허용에 대한 긍정적 부정적 인식에 집단별 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 검증되었으며, 합법 온라인베팅 종목으로 경주류 베팅 확대허용 시 운영방안에 대한 인식 차이도 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. 이를 통해 온라인베팅 확대허용으로 양성화하게 되면 불법 온라인베팅 이용자가 합법 온라인베팅 이용자로 전환하게 될 가능성과 건전하게 이용할 수 있는 가능성이 있다는 것이 확인된 만큼 온라인베팅 확대허용의 긍정적 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. Since online betting occurs on online where anybody can access through internet, thus, the online gambling market has been expanding. Domestic illegal gambling market size is 4 times bigger than that of legal gambling market, and illegal online betting market is rapidly growing as well. Currently online gambling does exist domestically in form of Sports promotion voting rights, also known as, Toto and Proto and internet lottery. However, the need for other types of online gambling to be permitted, expanded and managed has been suggested. This research has analyzed online gambling users, online gambling addicts and general population's awareness on expansion and operation of online gambling, contraction measures of illegal online gambling and operation measures in case of permitted expansion of online gambling. The result of this research's analysis showed that each group has significantly different awareness level on positive and negative effects of permitting online gambling's expansion. Also, it showed that each group has significantly different awareness on permitting expansion of racing betting as a legal gambling item. Since it is the proven fact that illegal online gambling users could turn into legal users and that users could use the service more positively if online gambling is legalized through allowance and expansion process; one could expect the positive effects from permitting expansion of online gambling.

Latent Structure Indicators for Assessing Feautres of Young Sportsmen Coaches // Latentna struktura indikatora za procjenu osobina trenera mladih sportista

Research was conducted on a sample of 121 respondents in total-sportsmen aged 14-16 years old from five different sports (skiing, boxing, swimming, volleyball and basketball), trough a questionnaire containing 19 representative indicators – qualities that the coach should possess. Examined are the attitudes of young and promising sportsmen of the desirable characteristics of a good coach. It’s about the selected young and promising sportsmen, whose quality is determined on the basis of achieved results at official championships in of Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina and international competitions. The survey questionnaire was administered in which any claim has 5 replies as follows: always, often, sometimes, rarely did I ever. It’s about five-point Liker scale. The survey contains questions related to gender, length of training period and type of sport. In order to determine the latent structure of the appropriateness of indicators was used factor analysis with Varimax rotation in solution. Given results of the factor analysis with Varimax rotation in solutions showed stable set of four isolated latent dimensions that can be described as: (1) technical quality of the trainers (2) the general human traits coaches (3) external characteristics of trainers and (4) the ratio of coaches to the sportsmen. The results point to the fact that the qualities that a coach has to exhibit the work of young and promising sportsmen in training and competition is of great importance for the formation of the whole personality and versatile young sportsmen in his sport promotion.

Governing bodies or managing freedom? Subcultural struggles, national sport systems and the glocalised institutionalisation of parkour

ABSTRACTWhilst being the world’s fastest growing informal sport, parkour is also undergoing a gradual institutionalisation which is shaped differently by each national context’s specific sport system. We investigate this glocalised process by examining the subcultural tensions and power struggles it generates within the Italian parkour community. Whereas in other countries parkour practitioners (the so-called traceur/traceuses) have managed to gain public recognition by forming a specific and independent National Governing Body, in Italy they are gradually affiliating with different Sport Promotion Bodies (Enti di Promozione Sportiva), the distinctive umbrella organisations which compete for the provision of sport-for-all within the country. Through a qualitative mixed-method approach based on focus groups, individual interviews and the analysis of ethnographic and documentary material, we explore the institutionalisation of Italian parkour by focusing on the controversies surrounding the introduction of teaching standards and qualifications, which is becoming a battlefield for competing authenticity claims based on different visions and interpretations of parkour. Our study shows how sport policymakers become influential agents in this authentication process and calls for future comparative analysis of their role in the local re-contextualisation of highly globalised practices.

生涯スポーツの推進に関する一考察

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) was launched in an effort to address recent global issues in the context of building sustainable ties between humans and nature and individuals and society. Lifetime sport play a vital role in creating and fostering sustainable connections among individuals with varying physical abilities. The present study therefore explores the types of competition that bring together individuals of varying physical abilities. Aiming to make inquiry into promotion of lifetime sport, the study also examines competition among sport clubs for members desirous of competition from members of other clubs. In the study, competitions in masters swimming and wheelchair basketball were examined based on Georg Simmel’s theory of conflict. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of gaining social capital, competitions held among sport clubs were examined with regard to members desire to compete with members of other clubs. The findings were as follows. First, competition among individuals of different ages requires setting rules that reduce the range of age variation with regard to their physical abilities, thereby establishing a competition framework that demonstrates excellence in performance within the same range of ages. In contrast, competition among individuals with disabilities requires setting rules that differentiate the varying physical abilities of the differently abled as well as rules for teaming differentiated individuals, thereby establishing a competition framework that demonstrates excellence of a team in its ability to both score and defend. Second, competition among athletes of different sport clubs is vital in promoting lifetime sport. In particular, competition among sport clubs to satisfy individuals’ desire to “engage in competition with people outside of the sport club in regional games” is essential since the services generated as the result of such inter-club competitions not only benefit the clubs but also contribute to achieving social value, which implies promotion of lifetime sport.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ИМИДЖА ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ЛИДЕРА В СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СЕТИ INSTAGRAM

The image of the typology in modern political psychology is considered. The content of publications for a certain period in the profile of the Head of the Chechen Republic R. A. Kadyrov in Instagram was studied. The formed image is signified. Emphasizing the main vectors of image constructing in the Instagram account of R. A. Kadyrov, is to say about his speeches in support of the current government and the President of the Russian Federation, how he responds to high-profile international issues, broadcasts to the masses the ideas of patriotism at the regional and Federal levels and promotes the institution of family and the promotion of sport.

スタジアム以外の社会資源装置を活用したスポーツ施策&lt;BR&gt;－大阪城を中心とした地域活性化－

スタジアム以外の社会資源装置を活用したスポーツ施策&lt;BR&gt;－大阪城を中心とした地域活性化－

Зарубежный опыт муниципальной поддержки организаций профессионального спорта

Introduction. The use of public funds to directly or indirectly subsidize local professional sports clubs in many European countries is often seen as justified. The positive impact of professional team sports on local economic growth both through the influx of revenues into local budgets and positive incoming municipal migration is explained by these subsidies.Aims. The purpose of the study is to identify and justify the availability and feasibility of financial support for professional sports teams by local authorities.Methods. The study is based on a comparative analysis of the general sports policy of several Western European countries (Denmark, Sweden, France, Switzerland) and the results of assessing the economic effectiveness of municipal subsidies allocated to elite sports clubs in European countries.Results. The results obtained in the course of research do not make it possible to assert that there is a single direct positive or negative dependence between active financial support from the local authorities to professional sports teams and the economic growth of municipalities. The emergence, direction and strength of such effects are influenced by a variety of additional economic and non-economic factors, including the expenditures structure of municipal budgets, the initial level of the sports infrastructure, the population initiative, the initial structure of employment, sports promotion, etc. Conclusion. The decision to allocate subsidies to support the elite sports clubs by municipalities and the development of a strategy for them should be made taking into account not only economic, but also social and political factors.

Major contents and issues of a bill 「The act on the promotion and safety of leisure sports」

Major contents and issues of a bill 「The act on the promotion and safety of leisure sports」

Polish Sports Congresses as a way of promotion and popularization of women's physical education and sport in the period of the Second Polish Republic

Polish Sports Congresses as a way of promotion and popularization of women's physical education and sport in the period of the Second Polish Republic

Regression Analysis-Based Sports Intervention and Promotion to Old People Happiness Index

Regression Analysis-Based Sports Intervention and Promotion to Old People Happiness Index

The practice of sport and its influence on social values and behaviour education

‘Non-health effects’ of sports practice, as life satisfaction or non-cognitive education, are being adopted as aim in academic journals in several fields. This paper tries to contribute to this literature by focusing on the links between youth sports and the formation of values and social skills. To do this, we have made a survey, in which more than 5000 Spanish students were involved. They were asked about their sport activity, leisure preferences and socio-economic and family characteristics. We analyse separately athletes and non-athletes using Heckman’s two-step method. Therefore, we split the sample based on the likelihood of practising sports initially predicted by a probit analysis. Then, we separately estimate the non-cognitive educational outcomes of each group of individuals. The results of the first step show significant differences in gender, socio-economic and academic performance. In the second step, segregating the sample provides a number of highly significant effects: The cases of household income and videogames frequency play, among others. So, we have detected a different effect of increasing family income on the educational results (positive in the athlete and negative in the non-athlete group). In addition, a more substantial negative effect was observed in time devoted to videogames in the sample of athletes. These results can be used to implement educational policy measures, such as the promotion of sport in schools, or implementing awareness campaigns about responsible engagement in leisure time activities.

Examining the integration of sport and health promotion: partnership or paradox?

ABSTRACTCross-sector partnerships between public health agencies and non-profit sport organisations may offer an effective approach to health promotion given their mutual interest in facilitating opportunities for individual and community well-being. The study draws on conceptual framing from the public non-profit partnership literature to understand the potential role of sport organisations in health promotion partnerships and the factors associated with engaging these cross-sector partners. The research involves a case study of a local, cross-sector partnership for health promotion aimed at increasing physical activity through strategic marketing campaigns. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with representatives from partner organisations in the sport sector and members of the partnership executive committee, as well as active-member participant observation. The results suggest that despite congruent organisational priorities and policy imperatives that link sport and health-based organisations, there was evidence of misalignment in the partners’ capacity to collaborate. There was also notable incongruence in the discourses related to sport and health and the norms and values underpinning the partnership of public health and non-profit community sport. The implications of the research suggest that despite higher-order policy agendas emphasising partnerships as a means to advance health outcomes, there are significant constraints in local capacity for collaboration to meet these policy goals.

Olympic sport and physical activity promotion: the rise and fall of the London 2012 pre-event mass participation ‘legacy’

ABSTRACTThe legacies of Sport Mega Events (SMEs) such as the Olympic Games are increasingly regarded as significant opportunities to increase sport and physical activity (PA) participation. Major sport/PA legacy objectives may even be pursued before the event takes place. This article examines a specific pre-event sport/PA policy target of the London 2012 Olympic Games: the aim of increasing overall participation by two million between June 2008 and the Games in 2012 (a target that was abandoned in 2011).Within a governmentality analytical framework, this research examined how London 2012’s pre-event sport/PA participation legacy targets were constructed by organisations responsible for their delivery. Three specific themes are discussed: the inconsistency between how sport/PA participation was constructed in terms of both ‘risk’ and ‘reward’ by different organisations; the reliance upon intangible concepts such as ‘inspiration’ and the status of the Olympic Games to increase participation; and the rationales given for the subsequent abandonment of the pre-event PA participation targets in 2011.The abandonment of the pre-Games participation targets holds two overarching policy implications for future SME host governments and organisers. First, host governments cannot rely on the unique status or ‘inspiration’ of the Games alone to increase participation and must pursue this more proactively. Second, the ultimate failure of these policies should not be attributed exclusively to their intrinsic limitations, but also to a range of external environmental factors. Pre-event SME legacies must therefore be planned with sufficient awareness of the social and political contexts in which the event takes place.