Promotion Effect Research Articles

The impact of economic agglomeration on China's urban public health.

This study aims to explore the impact of economic agglomeration on the urban prosperity through economies of scale and agglomeration, it may also affect the public health of the agglomeration area. This paper takes 280 cities in China as the research object, and explores the impact of economic agglomeration on public health through a two-way fixed effects model, instrumental variable method, and generalized moment estimation. The results indicate that: (1) the improvement of China's economic agglomeration can significantly promote urban public health, and economic agglomeration is a prerequisite for the improvement of urban public health, but there is no reverse causal relationship. (2) The enhancement of economic agglomeration in Northeast China has the greatest promotion effect on public health, followed by the eastern, western, and central regions; The economic agglomeration enhancement of the pilot medical group in closely connected cities has a greater promoting effect on public health than the pilot medical group in non-closely connected cities. (3) Empirical results based on micro sample data show that the improvement of economic agglomeration will also promote the increase of the number of public hospitals in cities. This study emphasizes the important role of economic accumulation in the improvement of urban public health and provides empirical support for future economic development policies and practices.

The Combined Application of Urea and Fulvic Acid Regulates Apple Tree Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Improves Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

Improving apple peel color has been an important objective in apple production. To better understand the effect and mechanism of the combined application of urea and FA (fulvic acid) regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, a field experiment was performed in 2022 and 2023, respectively, under five treatments of urea + FA (CK, urea only; FA50, urea + 50 kg ha−1 FA; FA100, urea + 100 kg ha−1 FA; FA150, urea + 150 kg ha−1 FA; FA200, urea + 200 kg ha−1 FA), using isotope (13C and 15N) marking to analyze the changes in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) nutrient distribution as well as anthocyanin biosynthesis in fruits. We observed that, under FA application conditions, anthocyanin content in the peel was elevated in both years, with increases of 15.98~52.88% in 2022 and 15.93~52.94% in 2023. The best promotion effects were observed under FA150 treatment. Apart from the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes and transcription factors in the apple peel, this positive effect on anthocyanin content induced by FA addition was also found to be associated with the optimization of C and N distribution in leaves and fruits. On the one hand, the application of FA not only enhanced leaf photosynthetic-related indexes (such as Pn, Gs, and Rubisco activity) and influenced (increased) S6PDH, SPS, and SS activities in leaves, but also elevated fruit sugar metabolism-related enzyme (SDH, SS-c, AI, and NI) activity and upregulated fruit stalk sugar transporter (MdSOT1, MdSOT3, MdSUT1 and MdSUT4) gene expression, which ultimately promoted the synthesis and the leaf to fruit transport of photosynthates, thus promoting 13C-photosynthate accumulation in fruits. On the other hand, FA application elevated leaves’ N metabolism-related enzyme (GS and GOGAT) activity and optimized 15N distribution in leaves and fruits. Moreover, we also observed that FA application altered the fate of N fertilizer in apple orchards, showed an elevation in apple tree 15NUE and soil 15N residuals and showed a decrease in soil 15N loss. In summary, the appropriate application of FA150 (urea + 150 kg ha−1) synergistically optimized C and N nutrient distribution, and promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple trees.

Experimental study on gas hydrate generation in a thermal-kinetic binary promotion system

ABSTRACT The primary measure for the prevention and control of coal and gas protrusion is gas extraction. However, various factors, such as coal seam conditions, drilling construction, and extraction management, have led to poor gas management. Therefore, the method of transforming gaseous gas into solid hydrate provides a new direction for the prevention and control of coal and gas herniation. In this paper, the factors that influence gas hydrate solidification and its influence law are explored. A thermo-kinetic binary promotion system was constructed by combining thermo-kinetic promoters, and experiments on gas hydrate generation under the thermo-kinetic binary system were carried out. The effects of four thermodynamic accelerators (CP, THF, TBAB, HCFC-141b) compounded with the kinetic accelerator SDS on the gas hydrate generation characteristics were determined. The experimental results show that among the four thermodynamic promoters, THF and SDS have the best synergistic effect, and the optimal mass concentration ratio of the two is 21.2 wt% THF + 8.6 wt% SDS. The gas pressure in the reactor decreased by a maximum of 2.788 MPa within 500 min in this experimental system, and the absorption rate of gas reached 55.41%, which indicates a more pronounced hydration promotion effect.

Livestock and poultry waste compost as an amendment in medium for pumpkin seedlings

This research evaluated cow dung compost (CDC), goose dung compost (GDC), and duck dung compost (DDC) as peat addition in growing media used for the production of pumpkin seedlings. Commercial substrate (peat: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1, v/v) was used as the control (CK). The partial addition in peat of each waste compost in the mixtures were 10%, 20%, and 30% (v/v). The results showed that all compost in mixtures increased bulk density, total porosity, electrical conductivity, and mineral content, but negatively affected the pH and organic matter of the growing media compared to CK. CDC in mixture increased ventilation porosity and gas-water ratio and decreased water-holding porosity compared to CK, which was the opposite of the effect of GDC and DDC. The mixtures elaborated with GDC showed better growth, biomass, gas exchange parameters, and physiological indicators of seedling plants than other treatments in varying degrees, which depended on the additional amount of GDC. DDC inhibited plant growth and gas exchange parameters, especially in high addition rate; however, it had a slight promotion effect on chlorophyll content and quality because DDC was rich in minerals. GDC was better than CDC and DDC as a partial addition for peat in the cultivation of pumpkin seedlings.

Atomic Defects Engineering Boosts Urea Synthesis toward Carbon Dioxide and Nitrate Coelectroreduction.

The atomic defect engineering could feasibly decorate the chemical behaviors of reaction intermediates to regulate catalytic performance. Herein, we created oxygen vacancies on the surface of In(OH)3 nanobelts for efficient urea electrosynthesis. When the oxygen vacancies were constructed on the surface of the In(OH)3 nanobelts, the faradaic efficiency for urea reached 80.1%, which is 2.9 times higher than that (20.7%) of the pristine In(OH)3 nanobelts. At -0.8 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, In(OH)3 nanobelts with abundant oxygen vacancies exhibited partial current density for urea of -18.8 mA cm-2. Such a value represents the highest activity for urea electrosynthesis among recent reports. Density functional theory calculations suggested that the unsaturated In sites adjacent to oxygen defects helped to optimize the adsorbed configurations of key intermediates, promoting both the C-N coupling and the activation of the adsorbed CO2NH2 intermediate. In-situ spectroscopy measurements further validated the promotional effect of the oxygen vacancies on urea electrosynthesis.

Heterogeneous NASICON-Type Cathode With Reversible Multielectron Reaction for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Na superionic conductor (NASICON)-structured compounds demonstrate great application potential by their robust framework and compositional diversity. However, they are blamed for the mediocre energy density, and achieving both multielectron reaction and good cycling stability simultaneously is challenging. Herein, a novel heterogeneous Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7)/Na2VTi(PO4)3 (NFPP/NVTP) material with stable multielectron reaction is constructed by spray drying technology. The mutual promotion effect of intergrowth structures effectively improves the purity and the crystallization of NFPP/NVTP during the fabrication process, which is beneficial to the high capacity and cycling stability. As a result, the optimized NFPP/NVTP demonstrates a high reversible capacity of 155.3 mAh g-1 at 20mA g-1 and outstanding cycling stability with 82.9% capacity retention over 2500 cycles at 1 A g-1, which are much superior to those of NFPP and NVTP individually. Even in full cell configuration, the energy density remains high at ≈380Wh kg-1 based on the cathode mass. The high capacity of NFPP/NVTP is also attributed to the successive reduction/oxidation mechanism involving the introduction of Ti3+ and interfacial charge redistribution effect between the heterogeneous phases, which greatly improve the electronic and ionic conductivity. Moreover, high reversible structural evolution during the multisodium storage process further guarantees excellent cycling stability.

Dual-class share structures and financial outcomes in high-tech firms: evidence from US-listed China concept stocks

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effect of dual-class share structures on high-tech firms’ financial outcomes. Using a unique and hand-collected high-tech sample of China concept stocks that launched their IPOs on the US stock exchange between 2000 and 2018, we find that high-tech firms with dual-class share structures have better financial performance than propensity-matched single-class firms. Channels for the financial promotion effect of dual-class share structure include increasing debt financing and promoting R&D innovation. Heterogeneity tests show that this effect is more pronounced for high-tech firms with larger boards, higher information transparency, and the simultaneous implementation of sunset clauses. Our findings can be useful references for the practical application of dual-class shares in Chinese capital markets.

Organically coordinated Cu(II) activated peroxymonosulfate for enhanced degradation of emerging contaminants

Copper ion Cu(II) is generally considered ineffective in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS). However, our study demonstrates that organically coordinated Cu(II), namely, org-Cu(II) with contaminants such as amoxicillin (AMO), ofloxacin (OFX), sulfadiazine (SDZ), and tetracycline (TET) can efficiently activate PMS under neutral conditions, leading to faster degradation of these emerging contaminants. In contrast, organic contaminants that do not coordinate with Cu(II) do not facilitate PMS activation. Unlike traditional PMS-induced advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), our study identifies trivalent Cu(III) as the primary oxidant intermediate, with monovalent Cu(I) serving as its precursor. In addition, basic conditions was found to be beneficial for the degradation of target pollutants in org-Cu(II)/PMS systems. Moreover, this promotion effect extends to realistic wastewater, suggesting promising application prospects. The potential mechanism of the rate-limiting reduction step from Cu(II) to Cu(I) was further investigated. The interaction strength between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the copper complex formed with organic compounds and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of PMS influences the energy of the bonding orbitals. Coordination with organic ligands alters the LUMO of Cu(II), facilitating electron transfer from the HOMO of PMS to copper. This process activates PMS, ultimately leading to the production of Cu(I) and Cu(III). These findings deepen our understanding of PMS-induced AOPs for degrading emerging contaminants and underscore the importance of further research into PMS activation by Org-Cu(II).

Can Industrial Digitalization Boost a Consumption-Driven Economy? An Empirical Study Based on Provincial Data in China

A consumption-driven economy refers to an economic growth model primarily driven by domestic consumption and is a common goal for the economic growth of various countries. To explore the impact of industrial digitalization on a consumption-driven economy, this paper conducts an empirical study based on data from 31 provinces in China from 2013 to 2021. The empirical test results indicate: first, industrial digitalization significantly promotes the development of a consumption-driven economy, mainly reflected in the improvement of economic foundation and consumption levels, but shows no significant effect on improving the consumption structure. Second, mechanism analysis results show that industrial digitalization can promote the development of a consumption-driven economy by fostering innovation and advancing the industrial structure. Third, heterogeneity analysis results reveal that the promotion effect of industrial digitalization on the consumption-driven economy exists only in eastern and central China but not in western China, indicating that industrial digitalization in underdeveloped areas cannot exert a positive effect on the consumption-driven economy.

Behavioural Effect of Promotion on Cussstomer Loyalty among Selected Banks in Jigawa State

This study examined the behavioural effect of Promotion on customer loyalty in the banking sector of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study adopted the Behavioral Perspective Model (BPM) The study used multiple regression analysis to analyse data from 2,662 customers across four banks; Zenith Bank, Fidelity Bank, First Bank Nigeria Plc, and UBA. The findings revealed a significant impact of specific promotion on customer loyalty, such as the type, objectives, and sometimes the duration and frequency of promotions. In line with the findings, this study among other recommendations indicated that the varying effectiveness of promotional strategies across different banks, a customer-centric approach tailored to each bank’s clientele’s demographic and cultural context is crucial. All banks should consider employing advanced analytics to gain deeper insights into customer preferences and behaviours. This could inform more personalized and effective promotional strategies.

The impact of tax compliance on platform enterprises’ competitive advantage and the role of contract enforcement efficiency

The importance of competitive advantage for platform enterprises' long-term development necessitates explorations of the factors that influence such an advantage. This study empirically investigates the impact of tax compliance on the competitive advantage of platform enterprises, specifically focusing on the efficiency of contract enforcement using online sales data from the WIND database. The findings reveal that platform enterprises' adherence to enterprises' tax compliance enhances the competitive advantage effect. The results of the panel threshold model regression demonstrate that the positive contribution of tax compliance to competitive advantage is contingent on contract enforcement efficiency. Moreover, the promotional effect is more pronounced in regions with superior contract enforcement efficiency, indicating a nonlinear marginal incremental effect. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the influence of platform firms' tax compliance on competitive advantage effects is constrained by factors such as tax administration strength, information transparency, firm size, and regional variations. These findings deepen our understanding of the relationship between tax compliance and platform enterprises' competitive advantage, offering valuable insights for such enterprises’ decision-making concerning competitive strategies.

The trees of occupation are flourishing: employment and substitution effects of regional economic complexity

PurposeCan regional economic complexity improve the employment effect, and is the employment structure also affected by heterogeneity? In order to solve these doubts, this paper plans to carry out systematic theoretical analysis and quantitative tests on these problems.Design/methodology/approachBased on the macroeconomic data of 129 countries from 1995 to 2022, this paper empirically studies the impact of economic complexity on the employment effect and its mechanism channel by building relevant models.FindingsThe results show that regional economic complexity can significantly improve the employment effect of society. At the same time, regional economic complexity has an indirect positive role in promoting employment from two aspects: accumulating fiscal surplus and increasing the working-age population. The former can stimulate employment policies by increasing the government’s tax sources, while the latter can increase production specialization and complexity by stimulating demand and increasing employment. In addition, regional economic complexity will lead to job market differentiation, making the boundary between the service sector and the labor market between industry and agriculture and between the informal employment market and the formal employment more obvious, thus triggering the substitution effect of employment.Originality/valueThe possible innovations and marginal contributions of this paper are as follows: First, there are many studies on the influencing factors of employment or unemployment, and this paper provides a new research direction for the literature on the influencing factors of employment effect by using the concept of regional economic complexity for the first time. Second, this paper broadens the research perspective of the employment effect of regional economic complexity, divides the employment substitution effect of various sectors from the perspective of industrial structure and further analyzes the employment promotion effect of regional economic complexity.

The Effect Of Social Media Promotion And Word Of Mouth On The Decision To Visit The Attraction Of Tanjung Bias Beach, West Lombok Regency

This study aims to determine the effect of promotion through social media and word of Mouth on visiting decisions with the control variables of attractiveness and facilities. The data collection technique used a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Based on the simultaneous hypothesis testing, the four independent variables have a significant effect on the decision to visit tourists to Tanjung Bias Beach. Partially, word of mouth (X2) has a positive and significant effect on the decision to visit tourists, this can be seen from the t-count value of 5.816, greater than the t-table value of 1.995. Social media promotion (X1), Attraction (X3) and Facilities (X4), and show that the result of the multiple linear determination coefficient (R2) is 0.648, or 65%. This means that the degree of influence of the independent variable (X) on the variable (Y) is 65%.

Hypoxic Preconditioned ADSC Exosomes Enhance Vaginal Wound Healing via Accelerated Keratinocyte Proliferation and Migration Through AKT/HIF‑1α Axis Activation.

Accelerating wound healing is a main consideration in surgery. The three stages of wound healing are inflammatory response, tissue repair and cell proliferation. Much research has focused on epidermal cell proliferation and migration because this is an essential step in wound healing. The current study discovered that exosomes from Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) following hypoxic preconditioning (HExo) have a greater promotional effect on vaginal wound healing. Protein kinase B (AKT)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) play an important role in HExo-mediated HaCaT cell migration and proliferation. The promotional effect of HExo on rat wound healing was reversed by both, HIF‑1α and AKT inhibition. Phosphorylation of AKT (p-AKT) or HIF‑1α suppression reversed the protective effect of HExo on vaginal wound healing. Taken together, our study found that hypoxic preconditioning of adipose MSC exosomes enhances vaginal wound healing via accelerated keratinocyte proliferation and migration through AKT/HIF‑1α axis activation.

Sarcoidosis and Cancer: The Role of the Granulomatous Reaction as a Double-Edged Sword.

Background/Objectives: The relationship between sarcoidosis and the occurrence of neoplasia deserves to be investigated, but this relation has been observed in different and heterogeneous populations, leading to conflicting data. To clarify the causal relationship between these two diseases, different risk factors (e.g., smoking), concurrent comorbidities, corticosteroid therapy, and metastasis development-as an expression of cancer aggressiveness-were investigated. Methods: In a retrospective study on 287 sarcoidosis outpatients at the Pneumological Department of the Gemelli Foundation (Rome, Italy) between 2000 and 2024, the diagnosis of cancer was recorded in 36 subjects (12.5%). Results: The reciprocal timeline of the diseases showed three different scenarios: (1) cancer preceding sarcoidosis or sarcoid-like reactions (63.8%); (2) cancer arising after sarcoidosis diagnosis (8.3%); and (3) sarcoidosis accompanying the onset of malignancy (27.8%). Only two subjects with sarcoidosis and cancer showed metastasis, and one of them was affected by lymphoma. Conclusions: These data suggest that granulomatous inflammation due to sarcoidosis may assume an ambivalent role as a "double-edged sword", according to the M1/M2 macrophage polarization model: it represents a protective shield, preventing the formation of metastasis through the induction of immune surveillance against cancer while, on the other hand, it can be a risk factor for carcinogenesis due to the persistence of a chronic active inflammatory status. Low-dose steroid treatment was administered in only 31.6% of the cancer-sarcoidosis subjects for less than six months to control inflammation activity, with no promotive effect on carcinogenesis observed.

Does executives' political identity improve firm financial performance? Evidence from China

Using data from Chinese A-share listed companies between 2010 and 2021, we employ natural language processing techniques and word frequency statistical analysis to investigate the influence of executives' subjective political values on firm financial performance. We draw on social identity theory and find that executives' political identity significantly enhances firm financial performance, with government subsidies and corporate compliance behavior playing intermediary roles. Furthermore, the promotional effect is more pronounced for enterprises that are geographically closer to the government, have lower marketization and are in the central and western regions. Our study contributes to the literature on the subjective political attitudes of Chinese executives and enhances the understanding of the economic consequences of such relationships. Additionally, our research offers valuable insights into corporate performance in countries without partisan conflict.

KIFC3 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

KIFC3 is a member of the Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs). The role of KIFC3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the function of KIFC3 in NSCLC and the underlying mechanism. Immunohistochemistry indicated that KIFC3 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and correlated with the degree of differentiation, tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. MTT, colony formation and Transwell assays demonstrated that KIFC3 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro, while KIFC3 knockdown led to the opposite results. The protein expression levels of PI3Kp85α and p-Akt were increased after KIFC3 overexpression, meanwhile the downstream protein expression levels such as cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, RhoA, RhoC and MMP2 were increased. This promotion effect could be inhibited by a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt pathway, LY294002. Co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the interaction between endogenous/exogenous KIFC3 and PI3Kp85α. Tumor formation experiments in nude mice confirmed that KIFC3 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells in vivo and performed its biological function through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.In conclusion, KIFC3 promotes the malignant behavior of NSCLC cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Impact of high-speed railway network improvement on consumption synergy in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

This paper investigates the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) network improvement on the consumption synergy of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region by using the panel data of 13 prefectural-level cities from 2006 to 2021. The results show that: (1) The improvement of the HSR network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has a significant positive impact on raising overall regional consumption levels. (2) The HSR network improvement has a heterogeneous impact on consumption in different cities within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. (3) The promotional effect on peripheral cities is greater than on central cities, thereby promoting the coordinated consumption development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The findings of this study have important policy implications, confirming that the construction of the HSR network can narrow the consumption gap within the region and promote consumption synergy across the region.

Agricultural Biotechnological Potential of Bacillus velezensis C3-3 and Cytobacillus sp. T106 from Resource Islands of a Semi-arid Zone of La Guajira-Colombia

Resource islands are vegetative formations in arid and semi-arid ecosystems that harbor microorganisms facing extreme conditions. However, there is a limitation in the knowledge of the agricultural biotechnological potential of microorganisms present in these islands. This study aimed to determine the capacity of Bacillus velezensis C3-3 and Cytobacillus sp. T106 isolates from resource islands to promote plant growth and control the phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani. The bacteria were sequenced, and both grew at 50 °C, resisted 5% NaCl, withstood UV exposure, and grew in extreme pH conditions. Sixty-six genes in C3-3 and 71 in T106 were identified associated with plant growth promotion, and C3-3 was shown to promote leaf growth in lettuce plants. This promotional effect was associated with the production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), phosphorus solubilization, and the presence of genes related to the assimilation of rhizosphere exudates. Both strains inhibited R. solani through the production of volatile compounds and antagonism. Forty-five and 40 of these genes in C3-3 and T106, respectively, were associated with the production of proteases, lipases, siderophores, antimicrobial compounds, degradation enzymes, and secretion systems. Notably, Cytobacillus sp. has not been previously reported as a biocontrol agent. This work contributes to the evidence of the biotechnological potential of semi-arid region bacteria, offering prospects for improving agricultural production in areas with limiting conditions.

The Influence of Product Development and Promotion on Purchase Intention Moderated by Social Media Influencers

This study aimed to analyze the effect of product development and Promotion on purchase intention, with the role of social media influencers as moderating variables. This research focuses on consumers of TEKIRO brand hand tools products distributed by PT Altama Surya Anugerah (ASA) - Indonesia. The research method used is quantitative, with a Google Forms survey approach. The research sample consisted of 190 respondents who were consumers of TEKIRO hand tools products in 15 major cities in Indonesia. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with the quota method. This data was collected by online and offline questionnaires, which the researchers then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the AMOS version 23 application. The study results indicate that product development has a significant positive effect on purchase intention. The Promotion has no significant effect on purchase intention. Social media influencers strengthen the positive Influence of product development on purchase intention. However, social media influencers do not strengthen the Influence of Promotion on purchase intention. This research implies that companies must prioritize innovative and sustainable product development and can utilize social media influencers who are credible, relevant to the company's business, know the influencer's audience, and have a good reputation to increase consumer purchase intention.