Land Of Promise Research Articles

Between New Challenges in African Literature and Contemporary Realities:The Case Study of Opanachi's <i>Eaters of the Living</i>

The twenty-first century is observed to pose a number of challenges for the African writer, having scaled through many thorny decades producing works of art that has passed under diverse sledge hammers. Among which are derogatory names such as �defensive�literatures.�More so, as the saga of Africa�s hunger tops the list of the concerns of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of the United Nations; which asserts that the declared level of Africa�s achievements might still be on paper. This challenge is coming barely a decade or two after cases of barbaric genocides in Africa alongside other socio-political unrests which may actually affect writers'preoccupation in Africa. The continent is sadly besieged by horrible sights and shouts of fraud which has diverted all the likely prospects of re-orientation for a new creative hope to give artistic thrust to a new world order. This paper has therefore undertaken a case-study of Idris Opanachi's concerns in Eaters of the living which a commentator says, Chronicles the consumptive defector, ravaging the land of promise against calls for a new image of the African personality to relocate her for more feasible operations in the twenty-first century. It has further challenged Charles Nnolim's critical reception; as it broadens the debate concerning the literary and cultural importance of his overture by concentrating on the explication of relevant literary works that would rather respond to socio-political realities in its milieu. Furthermore, I have demonstrated by critical evaluation of the work of a selected Nigerian poet that the impulsive response of a writer in this age of technological innovations is not yet absolved of the traditional preoccupations of his predecessors.

Twentieth century Jews: forging identity in the Land of Promise and in the Promised Land

Twentieth century Jews: forging identity in the Land of Promise and in the Promised Land

Science in Africa: Lands of promise

Science in Africa: Lands of promise

China in the domain of international business

During the first decade of the 21st century, China emerged as an unprecedented driving force accountable for substantive transformations in international economy and business. Both its role and impact on international business have been and will be unique in many ways In a short time span, China became a force to reckon with in the domains of international trade, industrial output, international finance and international business. Business firms in the advanced industrial economies see China as the land of promise and opportunities on the one hand and as a serious rival to compete with on the other.

Scenario Analysis to Identify Viable Conservation Strategies in Paraguay's Imperiled Atlantic Forest

Carlson, M. J., R. Mitchell, and L. Rodriguez. 2011. Scenario analysis to identify viable conservation strategies in Paraguay’s imperiled Atlantic forest. Ecology and Society 16(3): 8. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-04267-160308

INDIGENOUS PRACTICES AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS OF ARECA CATECHU L. AND PIPER BETEL L. BASED INNOVATIVE AGROFORESTRY IN NORTHERN RURAL BANGLADESH

ABSTRACT An agroforestry system based on Areca catechu L. and Piper betel L. has been gradually developed by farmers of northern rural Bangladesh since the late 1980s. This paper explores the indigenous practices and the socio-economics of this agroforestry system, seen as a promising land use strategy in the region. Data were collected by interviewing household members and visiting their agroforestry plots as well as by focus group discussions in five villages of Panchagarh district. Results indicate that farmers allocated a portion of their farmland along with homesteads for Areca and betel-based agroforestry because they felt it was both sustainable and profitable. Sustainability was ensured by the presence of different Areca and betel leaf age gradations in the plantations and by buoyant product markets. Variation was observed among farmers regarding land allocation, tree density, income, and marketing of products. Though poor farmers had less land at their disposal, they allocated the same proportion of their land to agroforestry as did the largest land holders. Poor farmers' agroforestry plots had the highest Areca tree density and also derived the highest income per hectare. Net income per farmer was directly proportional to the amount of land allotted to agroforestry.

“Wild West,” “Gangster,” and “Desperado” Feelings: The Perception of the “West” in Youth Subcultures in Hungary in the 1960s

AbstractThe images of the “modern youth” and moral panics concerning the youth as a metaphor played an important part in the identity construction process throughout Cold War Europe. For Hungarian youth the West represented the land of promise and desires, albeit their knowledge of the Western other was highly limited and controlled by the socialist state. But how did the partly unknown West and its “folk devils” become the objects of desire in the East? For Western youngsters it seemed to be easier to realize their cultural preferences, however, youth cultures of the sixties were represented in the transnational discourses as manifestations of intra-generational, parent–adolescent conflicts not only in the Eastern Bloc, but also in Western democracies. The perception of the parent–child conflict became a cornerstone of the studies on the sixties, and the youth studies represented youth subcultures as “countercultures.” This paper addresses the role of the official discourse in the construction of “youth cultures” which lies at the heart of identity politics concerning youngsters. It looks at some of the youth subcultures which emerged in socialist Hungary and, in particular how “Eastern” youth perceived “the West,” and how their desires concerning the “Western cultures” were represented in the official discourse. It also seeks to show that borders created in the mind between “East” and “West” worked not only in the way that the “iron curtain” did, but it also became a cultural practice to create social identities following the patterns of Eastern and Western differentiation in the socialist countries.

Getting Better To Get Bigger

![Figure][1] CREDIT: SOLAR MILLENNIUM The end of the age of fossil fuels may be in sight, but what comes after is still a bit of a blur. There are numerous alternatives to coal, oil, and natural gas from electricity generated by solar farms to biofuels brewed from plants. Scaling up these alternative sources of energy, however, has proved a challenge. This special issue explores the progress that researchers are making in developing better alternatives, and the technical, political, and economic pitfalls associated with scaling them up. As Kerr (p. [780][2]) notes in a News feature, alternative energies have big shoes to fill. Fossil fuels are widely used in part because they have some unique advantages over other sources of energy. A coal-fired power plant, for instance, can keep running when the Sun isn't shining or the wind dies down, and fossil fuels typically get more energy out of a hectare of land or a liter of raw material than the alternatives. It took about a century to build the energy system that runs on fossil fuels, though, and Kerr reports that it could take just as long to develop alternatives. Still, both Kerr and Cho (p. [786][3]) report that there is potentially more than enough energy available from the Sun, wind, and other renewable sources to replace fossil fuels. Clery (p. [782][4]) reports on one ambitious multinational effort to harness renewable sources to generate electricity in North Africa and then transmit the power across the Mediterranean Sea to Europe. Service (p. [784][5]), however, reports on how high hopes in the United States for one emerging alternative, cellulosic biofuels, have waned because of technical and economic setbacks. Kintisch (p. [788][6]) notes that even a relatively mature alternative technology, wind power, is now encountering public opposition owing to the environmental and aesthetic impacts of wind turbines. Such grand visions rest in part on vigorous continuing research. Three Perspectives take an in-depth look at how researchers hope to scale up biofuels development successfully. Somerville et al. (p. [790][7]) survey the most promising land crops for large-scale development, and Wijffels and Barbosa (p. [796][8]) discuss algae: a source that holds promise because of both its high content of lipids (which more closely resemble petroleum than sugars do) and its low land-area requirements. Richard (p. [793][9]) considers the changes in transport and processing infrastructure that will be necessary to ship biofuels from field to fueling station. Finally, nuclear power is a perennial player in the carbon-neutral energy discussion. Grimes and Nuttall (p. [799][10]) review a two-stage approach to the expansion of fission-based electricity generation, with the upcoming 20 years focused on shoring up current technology, followed in later years by the design and construction of next-generation plants that reprocess spent fuel for greater efficiency and waste minimization. Together, all of these pieces show that interest in scaling up alternatives remains high and that many attractive new energy sources exist despite the considerable challenges involved in their development. [1]: pending:yes [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.329.5993.780 [3]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.329.5993.786 [4]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.329.5993.782 [5]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.329.5993.784 [6]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.329.5993.788 [7]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1189268 [8]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1189003 [9]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1189139 [10]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1188928

Jews and the Atlantic World: Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries: Review Essay

Jews and the Atlantic World: Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries:Review Essay Saul Lerner (bio) Atlantic History: Concept and Contours, by Bernard Bailyn. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005. The Atlantic World: Europeans, Africans, Indians, and Their Shared History, 1400-1900, by Thomas Benjamin. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Lost Tribes and Promised Lands: The Origins of American Racism, by Ronald Sanders. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1978. Atlantic Diaspora: Jews, Conversos, and Crypto-Jews in the Age of Mercantilism, 1500-1800, edited by Richard L. Kagen and Philip D. Morgan. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009. Jewish Pirates of the Caribbean: How a Generation of Swashbuckling Jews Carved Out an Empire in the New World in their Quest for Treasure, Religious Freedom, and Revenge, by Edward Kritzler. New York: Doubleday, 2008. Historians writing about the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries have, increasingly in recent years, focused less on national than on Atlantic history. This perspective has been conveyed through the words of Bernard Bailyn, whose volume, Atlantic History: Concept and Contours, offers an explanation of the growing historiographical importance of the Atlantic perspective: The emergence of this interest in Atlantic history, as more than a geographical expression—as a subject in itself, as a historical conception, as an essential passage in the development of the world we know—has its own history. It is a [End Page 146] story that winds through the public life of the late twentieth century, through the interior impulses of technical scholarship, and through the social situation of those who write history. (p. 4) Consistent with this perspective has been a growing collection of studies of the topic, including one of the most recent, Thomas Benjamin's important work, The Atlantic World: Europeans, Africans, Indians, and Their Shared History, 1400-1900. While the portrait that Bailyn paints (an example of which is Benjamin's book) of the origin of the Atlantic historiographical view developed out of the international perspective following the end of World War II and the Cold War, the Atlantic perspective has become ever more prominent in the writings of historians of the past three decades, as globalism has become characteristic of the way in which most nations have viewed themselves, their economies, and their relations with other nations. Such a perspective was part of a groundbreaking book, Lost Tribes and Promised Lands: The Origins of American Racism, by Ronald Sanders, who viewed the origin of American racism in Spanish intolerance during the Age of Exploration. Sanders attempted to show that the Age of Exploration, the colonization of the New World, and the origin of American racism all were aspects of the history of the Jew in the period. Sanders' argument portrays Spain from the fourteenth century onward as "fanatically intolerant," and this view came to dominate Spanish development in both the Old and the New Worlds. Religious fanaticism lay at the heart of Spanish racism. During the eighth century, Islam overran most of the Iberian Peninsula, and Christians were confined to a relatively small portion in the northwest. During the next three hundred years, gradually Christian forces gained strength and subsequently reconquered the entire Peninsula. By the mid-thirteenth century, this effort was partly successful, although for another century Moors retained control of part of the Peninsula. Sanders shows how the outbreak of anti-Jewish rioting, beginning in Seville on June 4, 1391, started off a wave of pogroms all over Spain. In such major cities as Cordova, Toledo, Madrid, Majorca, Burgos, and other areas, Jews were killed, synagogues were looted or turned into Christian churches, many Jewish communities were destroyed, and Jews were given the choices of death, conversion, or flight. These options were formalized by the Spanish Crown in the summer and fall of 1492, which marked a final chapter of the expulsion of Jews and Moors from Spain and the triumph of militant Christendom throughout the Iberian Peninsula. Sanders argues that Jews were among the earliest victims of Spanish fanaticism because Spanish Christians believed that Jews possessed tainted and heretical religious views. In the atmosphere [End Page 147] of heated fanaticism, Jews (and subsequently other peoples) were considered fundamentally tainted people, for they were not Catholics. Thus, Sanders held that...

Prospering in the Land of Promise

Prospering in the Land of Promise

Ecological benefits of the alley cropping agroforestry system in sensitive regions of Europe

Abstract Alley cropping is an agroforestry system that offers a promising land use alternative for the temperate zone. On the same field, the sustainable production of food and biomass is possible, while simultaneously, especially in marginal areas, the ecological function of the landscape can be improved. Thus, alley cropping corresponds with the increasing demand for renewable energy resources and for a specific adaptation to the predicted changes of climatic conditions within Central Europe. However, presently, little knowledge exists regarding the effects of alley cropping on the environment. In this study a literature survey was undertaken to provide an overview of the different ecological benefits arising from alley cropping systems within temperate Europe. Abiotic factors (nutrient cycle, microclimate), biotic factors (biodiversity) and the effects on the carbon cycle are discussed in detail. Summarising, the results showed that alley cropping may be an ecologically advantageous land use system for sustainable food and biomass production in comparison with conventional agricultural practices. As a very flexible, but low-input system, alley cropping can supply biomass resources in a sustainable way and at the same time provide ecological benefits.

Churchill’s Promised Land: Zionism and Statecraft (review)

Reviewed by: Churchill’s Promised Land: Zionism and Statecraft Sonja P. Wentling Churchill’s Promised Land: Zionism and Statecraft. By Michael Makovsky. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2007. 368 pp. $35.00 (cloth); $20.00 (paper). An adage attributed to British statesman Benjamin Disraeli became at various times Winston Churchill’s mantra for his attitude toward Jews and Zionism: “The Lord deals with the nations as the nations [End Page 486] deal with the Jews.” Yet as Michael Makovsky points out in his meticulous examination of the often controversial statesman, Churchill’s record on Jews and Zionism was uneven, even erratic at times, but nonetheless firmly rooted in his weltanschauung. Churchill’s Promised Land doesn’t have the anecdotal elegance of the writings by official Churchill historian Martin Gilbert, but Makovsky’s work skillfully integrates Churchill’s evolution on Zionism within the worldview of a statesman who became the last and most fervent advocate of Great Britain’s imperial mission. Makovsky’s work is not a political history of Great Britain’s policies on Zionism during the first half of the twentieth century and pays only scant attention to Churchill the statesman. Rather, as the author explains in the book’s preface, his investigation is one of Churchill’s mind and how Zionism reflected his complex outlook on the world and history. Churchill was deeply steeped in the Victorian past but possessed a clear and often unpopular vision of the present and the future. His dedication belonged to the advancement of civilization and the preservation of the British Empire. Hence, Makovsky concludes, Zionism was not a core belief, but rather a sentimental cause that blended “a myriad of complex considerations—racial, ideological, civilizational, humanitarian, paternal, personal, historical, romantic, mystical, and religious” (p. x). Churchill’s infatuation with Jewish restoration to their ancient homeland began as early as 1906, when the Zionist movement itself was still in its infancy and most British Jews were not favorably disposed toward the idea of a Jewish homeland. In his bid to represent Manchester North West in Parliament, Churchill found himself courting the divided Jewish community there, openly espousing great sympathy for Jewish refugees from Russian pogroms and throwing his support behind Territorialism, a movement in favor of Jewish settlement in British East Africa and backed by Jewish financiers like Lord Rothschild, while at the same time pursuing the political support of Zionists. According to Makovsky, Churchill was philo-Semitic, which was rooted in his father’s admiration for the Jews and the late Benjamin Disraeli, but not immune to manipulating Jewish causes in order to advance his own career. Zionism, he concludes, was not at the center of Churchill’s concern, but the “seeds” for his future involvement were “planted” (p. 39). Yet, as the author cautions in the beginning, Churchill’s trajectory on Zionism was far from even or predictable. The friend of the Jews and early sympathizer of a Jewish homeland completely ignored the 1917 Balfour declaration, a milestone in Zionist history and a public [End Page 487] expression of Great Britain’s commitment to supporting the realization of a Jewish national home in Palestine. Even more telling, his once philo-Semitic sentiments turned sour, and his sympathy for Jews gave way to anti-Semitic rhetoric about alleged Jewish power in the face of Bolshevism, popular conspiracy theories as espoused in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, and rising British anti-Semitism. Again, we learn that Churchill’s view of Zionism was affected by his larger weltanschauung, which Makovsky describes as an “anti-Bolshevik fixation” (p. 84). Weakened politically by the precipitous decline of the Liberal party of which he was a member at the time, Churchill appeared to exploit the general phobia of Bolshevism and alleged Jewish power to secure his own political fortunes. His most controversial statements came in the form of a pamphlet titled “Bolshevism versus Zionism,” in which he echoed popular anti-Semitic arguments, while at the same time extolling the virtues of Zionism as an expression of positive Jewish internationalism and a symbol of Jewish unity and glory. Makovsky does a marvelous job in integrating Churchill’s Zionism into the latter’s worldview on civilization...

Appraising and selecting conservation measures to mitigate desertification and land degradation based on stakeholder participation and global best practices

AbstractMost desertification research focuses on degradation assessments without putting sufficient emphasis on prevention and mitigation strategies, although the concept of sustainable land management (SLM) is increasingly being acknowledged. A variety of already applied conservation measures exist at the local level, but they are not adequately recognised, evaluated and shared, either by land users, technicians, researchers, or policy makers. Likewise, collaboration between research and implementation is often insufficient. The aim of this paper is to present a new methodology for a participatory process of appraising and selecting desertification mitigation strategies, and to present first experiences from its application in the EU‐funded DESIRE project. The methodology combines a collective learning and decision approach with the use of evaluated global best practices. In three parts, it moves through a concise process, starting with identifying land degradation and locally applied solutions in a stakeholder workshop, leading to assessing local solutions with a standardised evaluation tool, and ending with jointly selecting promising strategies for implementation with the help of a decision support tool. The methodology is currently being applied in 16 study sites. Preliminary analysis from the application of the first part of the methodology shows that the initial stakeholder workshop results in a good basis for stakeholder cooperation, and in promising land conservation practices for further assessment. Study site research teams appreciated the valuable results, as burning issues and promising options emerged from joint reflection. The methodology is suitable to initiate mutual learning among different stakeholder groups and to integrate local and scientific knowledge. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Prairie West as Promised Land (review)

Reviewed by: The Prairie West as Promised Land Mary Ellen Kelm The Prairie West as Promised Land. R. Douglas Francis and Chris Kitzan, eds. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 2007. Pp. 500. $54.95 The media report new hope for Prairie renewal. In May 2008, Saskatchewan boasted the highest consumer spending and wholesale trade rate in Canada. Energized, in part, by the demand for bio-fuel, Saskatchewan farmers, it seems, have new opportunities. But the sidebar stories indicate that some farmers, faced with the expense of adapting to bio-fuel production, are selling off their heavily mortgaged farm equipment and renting out their land, too undercapitalized to make the shift themselves. As always, the Prairie West is both the land of promise and of promises unfulfilled. This new volume, Prairie West as Promised Land, probes the paradoxes and contradictions inherent in the view of the Prairies as a land of opportunity. The eighteen essays are organized along five themes: Visions of the Promised Land, Settling the Promised Land, The Prairie West as the Perfect Society, The Construction of a Promised Land for a 'Chosen People,' and Readjusting the Vision of the Promised Land in the Modern Era. At the core of the volume is the shifting, dialectical relationship between vision and reality. Almost all of the essays, however, deal more with ideas about the Prairies and less with the material conditions and the structural forces that helped construct life in the various regions within the Prairies. The first section returns to familiar ground by examining the changing views of the Prairie West held by expansionists in Canada (both before and after Confederation) and Great Britain. Mentally transforming the region from wilderness to agrarian hinterland in the minds of would-be developers, promoters, and settlers overlay a deeper process by which Euro-Canadian visions displaced Aboriginal connections to the land. First Nations relationship with agricultural modernity begins the next section with a reprise of Sarah Carter's work on Aboriginal farmers. This section deals with the struggle to turn Prairie dreams into reality. While First Nations were subject to what Carter calls a 'policy of deliberate arrested development,' others too, including utopian communities and individual settlers, found the process of bringing their ideals to fruition fraught with difficulty. The processes by which individuals and families struggled to keep the dream alive and came to interpret their own histories in the light of their hopes attest to the power of the image of the Promised Land. Taking that reality and refashioning it into new sanguinity occupied the subjects of the third and fourth sections. Whether it was dealing [End Page 160] with the contradictory impulses associated with the Prairie city, or the disheartening effects of the First World War, social reformers of the Prairie West worked tirelessly to remake the place in the image of their ideals. While much of this was intellectual labour and political work, emotions played a special role, a point that Randi Warne makes in her skilful analysis of Nellie McClung. That the visions of some meant hardships and restrictions for others is the subject of the fourth section. Land-holding law and settlement patterns made the Prairie West 'no place for a woman,' but so did the ways that many people thought about the West, ways that had more in common with imperial outposts than with Canadian farming. Chris Kitzan's chapter on Bishop Lloyd offers a timely corrective to any lingering view that Sifton's policies were embraced universally. In a chapter reminiscent of recent events, Steve Hewitt makes plain the restrictive power of the state in determining who was and who was not to partake of the promise of the West. The volume returns to the process of visioning the Prairie West in the latter half of the twentieth century through art, commemoration, consumption, and the search for new myths. Returning ultimately to the realm of ideas is fitting in a book that is, in many ways, an intellectual history, though not only of intellectuals, political leaders, or social reformers. Given the unifying theme of the Promised Land and the use of material already published, this volume is at times repetitious and covers familiar topics...

Post Modern Public Administration in the Land of Promise: The Basic Ecclesial Community Movement of Mindanao

AbstractRecent discussions of sustainable development have come to see the dominant neoliberal development paradigm receive criticism for creating environmental degradation coupled with increased inequality of wealth and power. In the developing world, sustainable development has increasingly come to be sought by postmodern public administration, which consists of efforts undertaken by the poor themselves to improve their conditions in life without changing power relations in society. This paper discuss the efforts undertaken by the Roman Catholic Church's Basic Ecclesial Communities, on the island of Mindanao, in the Philippines, to improve the conditions of the poor without changing power relations in society. The paper discusses the emergence of the Basic Ecclesial Communities, the programs they provide for their members, the successes, and failures of these programs in providing participatory sustainable development, and the outlook for the future.

Exploring the promise land of 7 T for CMR with T-PAT accelerated imaging techniques – first results for real time cardiac function and tagging in volunteers

Exploring the promise land of 7 T for CMR with T-PAT accelerated imaging techniques – first results for real time cardiac function and tagging in volunteers

Class, Labor, and Immigrant Subjectivity in Bharati Mukherjee's Jasmine and Shirley Geok-lin Lim's Among the White Moon Faces

In this comparative article focusing on the representation of the migration experience of two recent first-generation Asian-American authors, I consider the ways that Mukherjee and Lim's possession of important symbolic capital, their solid tertiary education, and excellent first language proficiency in English condition their portrayal of this transition from the old to the new country. If possessing such symbolic capital lends important support for any immigrant desire for American naturalization and belonging, does Mukherjee's portrayal of Jasmine's insertion into American social and cultural life and Lim's own professional positioning in the American academy register tensions and contradictions in their literary representation of the experience of successful assimilation? Do Mukherjee and Lim's prior identities as postcolonial subjects (India and Malaysia were once British colonies) inflect in distinctive ways their representation of assimilation and marginalization and home and homelessness in the American Promised Land that is the controlling telos of Asian immigrant desire?

Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization: Perspectives from Developing and Transition Countries edited by A. Haroon Akram‐Lodhi, Saturnino M. Borras Jr and Cristobal Kay Promised Land: Competing Visions of Agrarian Reform edited by Peter Rosset, Raj Patel and Michael Courville Reclaiming the Land: The Resurgence of Rural Movements in Africa, Asia and Latin America edited by Sam

<i>Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization: Perspectives from Developing and Transition Countries</i> edited by A. Haroon Akram‐Lodhi, Saturnino M. Borras Jr and Cristobal Kay <i>Promised Land: Competing Visions of Agrarian Reform</i> edited by Peter Rosset, Raj Patel and Michael Courville <i>Reclaiming the Land: The Resurgence of Rural Movements in Africa, Asia and Latin America</i> edited by Sam

Potencial de uso agrícola e nutricional de cultivares crioulas de feijão

O valor nutricional e o potencial de uso agrícola de cultivares crioulas de feijão não têm sido suficientemente avaliados, sendo este o objetivo deste trabalho. O experimento foi conduzido nos anos agrícolas 2004/05 e 2005/06, em Santa Maria, RS, no delineamento experimental de látice triplo 6 x 6. Os tratamentos consistiram de 32 cultivares crioulas de feijão e quatro cultivares desenvolvidas pela pesquisa. Interação cultivar x ano foi observada em relação ao rendimento de grãos, à coloração do tegumento dos grãos e ao ciclo, evidenciando resposta diferenciada das cultivares crioulas aos anos de avaliação. Foi possível a identificação de cultivares crioulas com elevado potencial de rendimento de grãos, com coloração de tegumento de grãos adequada para os diferentes grupos comerciais, com precocidade e teor elevado de fibra alimentar. Nesse sentido, as cultivares crioulas - "21 INT-ps 1", "9 BR-ps 5", "9 BR-ps 15", "9 BR-ps 13", "9 BR-ps 7", "38 MO M-ps 11" e "36 BR MP-ps 14" - são promissoras para uso em programas de melhoramento genético devido ao elevado potencial de uso agrícola. A cultivar crioula "24 OP-ps 1" apresentou o maior teor de fibra alimentar e o seu potencial de uso como alimento funcional deve ser investigado.

“The Balkans’ Other within”: Imaginings of the West in the Republic of Macedonia

Using the case study of the Republic of Macedonia, I explore how people who live in a realm conventionally cast as insufficient of “the European Self” imagine “the West”. Such imaginings are important because they are intertwined with negotiations of nationhood and citizenship. I argue that in local constructions of the global social order, Macedonia emerges in an interstitial position between “the Balkans” and “the West” as “the Balkans’ Other Within”. Social actors craft this position out of Western hegemonic constructions of the Balkans as a socio‐political anomaly and portray “the Other within” (Macedonia) as the engulfed land of promise. The case study of Macedonia allows us to refine the concepts of “Balkanism” by underlining local perspectives on the promise that “the West” carries for the Balkans and “Orientalism” by emphasizing the possibilities that the construction of the Orient charts for the future advancement or demise of the Self.