Prolonged Fatigue Research Articles

DIFFERENCES IN ESTROGEN LEVELS BEFORE AND AFTER GIVING CALLANGGI TEA TO WISTAR STRAINING WHITE FEMALE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) IN MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE (DMPA) INDUCTION

Data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) show that hormonal injection contraception has been the most common choice taken by women in more than 90 countries worldwide since 1967. Hormonal contraception uses essential ingredients from synthetic hormones used to regulate pregnancy. The 3-month injection KB (Depo-medroxprogestin acetate/DMPA) has the highest rating, 46.84%. DMPA thickens the cervical mucus, interfering with the ovulation process. The affects couples of childbearing age to get offspring quickly, causing stress where women often experience anxiety, depression, and prolonged fatigue that affect hormones and female reproductive organs. Midwifery care has been carried out by combining conventional and complementary midwifery services, which have become an essential part of midwifery practice. Decree of the Minister of Health Number 1109/Menkes/Per/IX/2007 concerning Alternative Complementary Medicine. Complementary is complementary, perfecting. Complementary therapy is carried out to complement conventional medical treatment and is rational, and does not conflict with health values ​​and laws in Indonesia. There are several methods of accelerating fertility recovery, one of which is using medicinal plants as an alternative, namely clover. The community widely uses clover for daily consumption. In this study, the method used as clover in a tea preparation is to be induced orally in female Wistar rats. Clover belongs to the water spike group, which contains isoflavones, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatories. The content of isoflavones in clover leaves can balance female hormones. The results of this research are beneficial for the development of science and technology, especially complementary therapy regarding the potential of clover as a natural ingredient that helps restore fertility

Fatigue after COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients according to sex.

Limited evidence exists on sex differences in post-COVID fatigue among non-hospitalized patients. Therefore, aim of the study was to evaluate the course of chronic fatigue symptoms in non-hospitalized subjects with the SARS-CoV-2 infection, according to sex. Patients and staff from the University Hospital in Krakow anonymously and retrospectively completed neuropsychological questionnaire that included eight symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome. The presence of these symptoms was assessed before COVID-19 and 0-4, 4-12, and >12weeks postinfection. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age 18 or more years, >12weeks since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and diagnosis confirmed by the RT-PCR from anasopharyngeal swab. We included 303 patients (79.53% women, 47.52% medical personnel) assessed retrospectively after a median of 30 (interquartile range: 23-35) weeks since the onset of symptoms. A higher prevalence of at least one chronic fatigue symptom was found in females in all time intervals after the onset of COVID-19 compared to males (p<.036). Women, compared to men, more often experienced persistent fatigue, not caused by effort and persisting after rest (for <4weeks, odds ratio [OR]=2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-4.73; for 4-12weeks, OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.06-3.61), non-restorative sleep (for <4weeks, OR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.23-3.81; for >12weeks, OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.03-3.71), and sore throat (for <4weeks, OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.03-3.78; for 4-12weeks, OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.05-7.27). Sex differences in headache, arthralgia, and prolonged postexercise fatigue were observed only during the first 4weeks (OR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.45-4.60, OR=2.97, 95% CI: 1.02-8.64, and OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.01-3.51, respectively). There were no differences between women and men in myalgia and self-reported lymph node enlargement. The course of post-COVID fatigue differs significantly between sexes in non-hospitalized individuals with COVID-19, with women more often suffering from persistent fatigue, not caused by effort and persisting after rest, non-restorative sleep, and sore throat.

A New Approach to Noninvasive-Prolonged Fatigue Identification Based on Surface EMG Time-Frequency and Wavelet Features.

In sports, fatigue management is vital as adequate rest builds strength and enhances performance, whereas inadequate rest exposes the body to prolonged fatigue (PF) or also known as overtraining. This paper presents PF identification and classification based on surface electromyography (EMG) signals. An experiment was performed on twenty participants to investigate the behaviour of surface EMG during the inception of PF. PF symptoms were induced in accord with a five-day Bruce Protocol treadmill test on four lower extremity muscles: the biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL). The results demonstrate that the experiment successfully induces soreness, unexplained lethargy, and performance decrement and also indicate that the progression of PF can be observed based on changes in frequency features (ΔF med and ΔF mean) and time features (ΔRMS and ΔMAV) of surface EMG. This study also demonstrates the ability of wavelet index features in PF identification. Using a naïve Bayes (NB) classifier exhibits the highest accuracy based on time and frequency features with 98% in distinguishing PF on RF, 94% on BF, 9% on VL, and 97% on VM. Thus, this study has positively indicated that surface EMG can be used in identifying the inception of PF. The implication of the findings is significant in sports to prevent a greater risk of PF.

Значение герпесвирусов в постковидном периоде у детей

Aim: to assess the prevalence of detection of confirmed herpes virus infections (HVI) in children who had a previous COVID-19 infection, characterize specific clinical manifestations of the disease under the new conditions (post-COVID syndrome), and to provide a rationale for the administration of drug therapy. Patients and Methods: of 456 patients who received medical consultations from September 2021 to July 2022, the authors selected 72 (15.8%) children (42 boys and 30 girls) who had a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by serological tests or polymerase chain reaction and in whom herpes viruses were found during serological evaluation. Results: most of the children (81.4%) visited the polyclinic within the first six months after the COVID-19 infection. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was the most prevalent finding among herpesviruses detected in children with post-COVID-19 sequela — it was detected in 44 (61.1%) cases. Human herpesvirus (HHV) 6 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were less common in this group and found in 41 (56.9%) and 30 (41.7%) children, respectively. HHV-1 and HHV-2 were detected more rarely — in 11 (15.3%) children. Monoinfection was diagnosed in 41 (56.9%) cases and a combination of viruses was found in 31 children, in 22 (71.0%) of them it comprised two viruses, in 6 (19.3%) — three viruses, and in 3 (9.7%) — four viruses. The presence of herpesvirus infections underpinned the main reasons why parents of the ill children were seeking for outpatient care, in particular: a prolonged subfebrile condition (18.0%), fatigue and sleep disorders (27.7%), rashes (16.6%), lymphadenopathy (16.7%), ENT diseases (33.3%), more frequently occurring respiratory diseases (33.3%), and the increase in seizure activity in children with epilepsy (8.3%). In addition to herpes viruses, pathogenic agents were detected in 18% of patients, including intracellular pathogens, which were found in 13.9% of 72 children. Taking into consideration the obtained results and established clinical diagnoses, the authors conducted a review and provided a rationale for the administered drug therapy, including medications for herpes treatment. Conclusion: a prior COVID-19 infection induces immunosuppression and, as a result, the activation of herpesvirus infections as long-term effects of COVID-19 (post-COVID conditions). The presence of mixed viral and bacterial pathogens is an indication for administering antivirals, immunomodulators, antibacterial agents, and probiotics. KEYWORDS: post-COVID conditions, herpesvirus infections, children, clinical symptoms, treatment. FOR CITATION: Savenkova M.S., Sotnikov I.A., Afanasieva A.A. et al. Importance of herpes viruses in children with post-COVID conditions. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):39–44 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-39-44.

Factors associated with nurses' absenteeism in clinical settings: A narrative review

The issue of nurse absenteeism is a critical factor that significantly impacts the quality of nursing services. As a result, identifying these factors are of paramount importance for nursing managers. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate and identify the factors associated with nurses' absenteeism in clinical settings. This review study identified 194 English and Persian articles by searching PubMed, Google Scholar search engine, and the Scientific Information Database using the keywords of Absenteeism, Hospital, and Nurses from 2015 to 2021, with no restrictions on the type of research. After carefully reading and evaluating the articles, eight papers were included in the study based on the research aims and objectives. Based on the findings, several factors contribute to nurses' absenteeism, including illness, managerial and organizational issues, prolonged work shifts and fatigue caused by working with patients, stress and job dissatisfaction, and psychological factors. Nursing managers need to ensure that nurses have good working conditions by considering different factors affecting their physical and mental well-being. They should also align the organization's goals with the nurses' objectives as much as possible.

Self-Regulation Phenomenon Emerged During Prolonged Fatigue Driving: An EEG Connectivity Study

Self-Regulation Phenomenon Emerged During Prolonged Fatigue Driving: An EEG Connectivity Study

High Cycle Fatigue and Very High Cycle Fatigue of Orthorhombic (O + α&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;)-Type Ti–27.5Nb–13Al Alloy with and without B and Fatigue Striation Analysis in Comparison with (α + β)-Type Titanium Alloys

The lightweight and high strength Ti–27.5Al–13Nb intermetallic alloy, based on the orthorhombic Ti2AlNb phase (O phase) and the α2 phase incorporated, was previously developed by the authors. This alloy would seem to have good potential for applications where fatigue behavior is a main concern, such as automobile and aircraft engine parts. The minor addition of boron (B) is known to refine the ingot grain size and thus to improve the subsequent mechanical properties. For these reasons, the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of B-free and 0.1 pct B-modified Ti–27.5Al–13Nb alloy were examined in the present study. HCF tests were performed at room temperature (RT) in tension-tension mode at an R of 0.1 and a frequency of 10 Hz, while VHCF tests were performed using an ultrasonic resonance fatigue test machine at an R of −1 and a frequency of 20 kHz. In both fatigue tests, hourglass-shaped specimens were used. With the addition of 0.1 pct B, the prior B2 grain size of an ingot was reduced drastically, from 600∼1000 µm for the B-free alloy to 100∼250 µm. The 0.1 pct B-modified Ti–27.5Al–13Nb alloy with a duplex microstructure consisting of a globular α2 phase and a lamellar microstructure exhibited superior elongation of 6.1 pct at RT. The HCF curve for this alloy with a duplex microstructure was almost the same as that for a Ti–6Al–4V alloy with a fully lamellar microstructure. Although prolonged fatigue life was previously reported in the HCF region in the 0.1 pct B-modified Ti–6Al–4V alloy, the addition of 0.1 pct B to the Ti–27.5Al–13Nb, Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–4Al–2.5V–1.5Fe alloys had no such effect in the VHCF region. VHCF strength for a lamellar microstructure was ranked in the order of Ti–4Al–2.5V–1.5Fe, Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–27.5Al–13Nb from the highest. Well-defined striations were observed at the propagation stage area of the fatigue fracture surface of B-free Ti–27.5Al–13Nb, and the measured striation spacing kept a constant of 0.29 µm through the propagation distance of 300 µm. The calculation based on this observation showed that the fatigue life spent in the propagation stage was very short and thus almost 100 pct of HCF life was thought to be spent in the fatigue initiation stage. For the B-free Ti–6Al–4V alloy with an equiaxed microstructure, the striation spacing increased from 0.06 µm to 4 µm as the fatigue crack propagated for a distance of 1,000 µm. Calculation based on the striation spacing revealed that, similar to the case with the Ti–27.5Al–13Nb alloy, the fatigue initiation stage consumed almost 100 pct of fatigue life regardless of the B addition.

On Nonlinear First Ply Failure Study of Laminated Composite Thin Skewed Hypar Shell Roofs

The skewed hypar shells have gained immense popularity in practical civil engineering fields due their highly aesthetic look. Light weight laminated composite material has increased its wide acceptance day by day in practical structures by virtue of superior material properties like high strength, high stiffness to weight ratio, prolonged fatigue life etc. Different types of bending as well as free and force vibration studies of laminated composite skewed hypar shells were done by earlier researchers. In some literatures, the first ply failure was also investigated using geometric linear strains only. So, the present paper aims to study the first ply failure behaviour of laminated composite skewed hypar shell roofs considering geometric nonlinearity. An eight noded isoparametric curved finite element having five degrees of freedom at each node is used here for finite element method. To establish the correctness of the present approach different benchmark problems are solved in this paper. Various types of lamina stacking sequences are taken up by the authors’ problems for first ply failure analysis of symmetric and antisymmetric skewed hypar thin shells with practical boundary condition. Along with the maximum stress and maximum strain failure criteria the authors use interactive failure criteria like Hoffman, Tsai-Hill and Tsai-Wu criteria as well as failure mode based criteria like Hashin and Puck criteria for the present study. The results obtained from this numerical investigation are analysed and post processed from different engineering standpoints to extract meaningful conclusions regarding first ply failure behaviour of the composite skewed hypar thin shells and to arrive at important practical guidelines which are expected to be beneficial for practicing civil engineers.

Impact of Exposure to Carbon Monoxide on COHb Levels and Health Problems on Swords and Parking Attendants in A Parking Area at the Bandar Lampung Market, Indonesia

Carbon monoxide (CO) pollution to the environment hurts health. The ability of Hb to bind CO is stronger than O₂, which hurts humans in a CO-polluted environment. This condition impacts CO levels in the body and increases with low oxygen levels in the blood. The CO content in the body that exceeds the threshold triggers symptoms of headaches, prolonged fatigue, and even death. This study aimed to determine the effect of exposure to CO in free air with levels of COHb and health complaints on parking attendants and traders in the lower market terminal of Bandar Lampung City. This study used a retrospective cohort design. The population in this study were traders and parking attendants who worked at the Pasar Bawah Terminal in Bandar Lampung City, amounting to 152 people, and parking attendants totaling 35 people divided into two shifts. The sample size is 127 people. Data were taken from measuring COHb levels and using a questionnaire regarding health complaints that respondents often felt. Data analysis used chi-square. The average exposure to CO levels in the market terminal under the basement of the Tanjungkarang supermarket was 23.68 ppm, with the highest level of 25.87 ppm. Most of the respondents are male, aged over 35 years, and have worked for more than three years. Most respondents do not wear masks when working in the exposure area; the COHb level in the blood is above 5%, and most have complaints of health problems. There is a significant relationship between COHb levels in the blood with CO exposure, length of work, and health problems and no significant association with age and habits of using personal protective equipment (PPE).

Long COVID: mechanisms, risk factors and recovery.

What is the topic of this review? The emerging condition of long COVID, its epidemiology, pathophysiological impacts on patients of different backgrounds, physiological mechanisms emerging as explanations of the condition, and treatment strategies being trialled. The review leads from a Physiological Society online conference on this topic. What advances does it highlight? Progress in understanding the pathophysiology and cellular mechanisms underlying Long COVID and potential therapeutic and management strategies. Long COVID, the prolonged illness and fatigue suffered by a small proportion of those infected with SARS-CoV-2, is placing an increasing burden on individuals and society. A Physiological Society virtual meeting in February 2022 brought clinicians and researchers together to discuss the current understanding of long COVID mechanisms, risk factors and recovery. This review highlights the themes arising from that meeting. It considers the nature of long COVID, exploring its links with other post-viral illnesses such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, and highlights how long COVID research can help us better support those suffering from all post-viral syndromes. Long COVID research started particularly swiftly in populations routinely monitoring their physical performance - namely the military and elite athletes. The review highlights how the high degree of diagnosis, intervention and monitoring of success in these active populations can suggest management strategies for the wider population. We then consider how a key component of performance monitoring in active populations, cardiopulmonary exercise training, has revealed long COVID-related changes in physiology - including alterations in peripheral muscle function, ventilatory inefficiency and autonomic dysfunction. The nature and impact of dysautonomia are further discussed in relation to postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, fatigue and treatment strategies that aim to combat sympathetic overactivation by stimulating the vagus nerve. We then interrogate the mechanisms that underlie long COVID symptoms, with a focus on impaired oxygen delivery due to micro-clotting and disruption of cellular energy metabolism, before considering treatment strategies that indirectly or directly tackle these mechanisms. These include remote inspiratory muscle training and integrated care pathways that combine rehabilitation and drug interventions with research into long COVID healthcare access across different populations. Overall, this review showcases how physiological research reveals the changes that occur in long COVID and how different therapeutic strategies are being developed and tested to combat this condition.

Post-COVID-19 Menstrual Symptom Disorders Relating to Anxiety and Long COVID-19 Symptoms

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can affect the menstrual cycle and menstrual flow. To examine changes in menstrual symptoms of women recovering from COVID-19 and to identify factors that influence these changes. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire, prepared using Google Forms, was completed by 180 women (26.08±6.62 years) recovered from COVID-19. The menstrual symptoms, menstrual pain, fatigue severity and anxiety level of the participants were evaluated respectively with the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ), visual analogue scale (VAS), fatigue severity scale (FSS), and coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS). Results: Post-COVID-19 individuals’ MSQ totals, subgroup scores, FSS scores and menstrual pain levels showed significant increase compared to pre-COVID-19. Regression analysis identified that age at menarche, changes in FSS and VAS scores as contributors to 38.4% of the variance explained in the significant regression for change in MSQ score. Individuals with prolonged fatigue, muscle– joint pain and dyspnea symptoms showed increase in MSQ total scores (P=0.006, P=0.009, P=0.046 respectively) and MSQ negative effects/somatic complaints scores (P=0.004, P=0.002, P=0.017 respectively). Individuals with prolonged gastrointestinal symptoms showed increase in MSQ pain symptoms (P=0.029) and MSQ coping methods scores (P=0.002), while those with prolonged muscle and joint pain showed increase in MSQ coping methods (P=0.022) scores. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that menstrual symptoms, fatigue, and menstrual pain severity are deteriorated in women recovered from COVID-19. Age at menarche, changes in fatigue and menstrual pain after COVID-19 were determiners of the deteriorated menstrual symptoms. Menstrual symptoms were more severe in those who have prolonged fatigue, dyspnea, muscle– joint pain and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Prolonged fatigue life in aluminum clad steel by electropulsing treatment: Retardation of interface-microcrack formation

The prolonged fatigue life of aluminum clad steel (Al clad steel, ACS) using electropulsing treatment is systematically investigated by characterizing the microstructural change at different fatigue cycles. The microstructural changes associated with fatigue damage evolution show that cracks are prone to initiate at Al grains of the interface and propagate toward the Al side in the fatigue test due to a preferred accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) in the soft Al grains near the interface. The electropulsing treatment with a subsecond duration is proved to be efficient in healing the fatigue damage and significantly prolonging the fatigue life of the ACS. The increased fatigue life by electropulsing treatment is attributed to the diminished density of piled GNDs and the retardation of microcrack formation at the interface. The present study elucidates the failure mechanism of ACS and proves that electropulsing treatment is an efficient method to prolong the fatigue life of laminated metal composites by healing the accumulated damage during the fatigue test.

Prolonged loss of force and power following fatiguing contractions in rat soleus muscles. Is low-frequency fatigue an issue during dynamic contractions?

Low-frequency fatigue (LFF) is defined by a relatively larger deficit in isometric force elicited by low-frequency electrical stimulation compared with high-frequency stimulation. However, the effects of LFF on power during dynamic contractions elicited at low and high frequencies have not been thoroughly characterized. In the current study, rat soleus muscles underwent fatiguing either concentric, eccentric, or isometric contractions. Before and 1 h after the fatiguing contractions, a series of brief isometric and dynamic contractions elicited at 20 and 80 Hz stimulation to establish force-velocity relationships. Maximal force (Fmax), velocity (Vmax), and power (Pmax) were assessed for each frequency. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release and reuptake rates were assessed pre- and postfatigue. Prolonged fatigue was observed as a loss of Fmax and Pmax in muscles fatigued by concentric or eccentric, but not by isometric contractions. When quantified as a decrease in the ratio between 20 Hz and 80 Hz contractile output, LFF was more pronounced for isometric force than for power (-21% vs. -16% for concentrically fatigued muscles, P = 0.003; 29 vs. 13% for eccentrically fatigued muscles, P < 0.001). No changes in SR Ca2+ release or reuptake rates were observed. We conclude that LFF is less pronounced when expressed in terms of power deficits than when expressed in terms of force deficits, and that LFF, therefore, likely affects performance to a lesser degree during fast concentric contractions than during static or slow contractions.

The Relationship Of Self Esteem And Self Efficacy With Burnout In Elementary School Teachers During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Burnout is a prolonged work fatigue syndrome characterized by physical, mental and emotional exhaustion caused by the many responsibilities of a job that must be done in a certain period of time. Burnout with Self Esteem and Self Efficacy has a very significant role where the higher Self Esteem and Self Efficacy will result in a lower risk of experiencing Burnout. Explaining the relationship between Self Esteem and Self Efficacy with Burnout to Teachers at RK 4 Private Elementary School and Public Elementary School UPTD No. 122371 Pematangsiantar City during the Covid 19 Pandemic is the purpose of this research. The method used is quantitative associative with a cross-sectional design. All teachers from RK 4 Private Elementary School and UPTD Public Elementary School No. 122371 Pematangsiantar City was used as the population in the study and the sample was drawn by purposive sampling technique and the sample in this study was 30 people. Research data were collected by giving questionnaires to research respondents. The chi square test is used to process the research data. Found a relationship between Burnout and Self Esteem (p = 0.029 &lt; = 0.05) and found a relationship between Burnout and Self Efficacy (p = 0.002 &lt; = 0.05) in this study. Teachers should re-evaluate career goals and determine priorities, take time off to rest, improve Self Esteem and Self Efficacy, and share complaints experienced with those closest to them, even if necessary can do counseling with experts such as psychologists.

212 FATIGUE EXPERIENCED BY ADULTS WITH LONG-COVID WAS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH AN EMG-DERIVED MUSCLE FATIGUE INDEX

Abstract Background One of the most prominent challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic is the emergence of the post-COVID-19 syndrome or ‘long-COVID’ following the acute phase of the viral infection. With a plethora of debilitating symptoms across many physiological systems, the pathophysiology of long-COVID remains elusive and subject of intense research efforts. Adults with long COVID are often affected by prolonged fatigue, which could be linked to neuromuscular function impairment. We hypothesised that there might be a correlation between subjective fatigue and an Electromyograph(EMG)-derived muscle fatigue index in adults with long-COVID. Methods As part of a neuro-cardiovascular instability assessment protocol, participants were asked to squeeze the thigh muscles as hard as possible for ten seconds during both supine resting and after active and passive standing (head-up tilt) tests. Surface EMG was used to capture on each leg the physiological activity of the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris during the squeezes, from which the muscle fatigue index was computed based on both the mean and median frequencies of each 10-second maximum prompted muscle contraction. Using two-sided Spearman correlation coefficients, we examined the associations between the muscle fatigue indices and self-reported fatigue measured by the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ). Results 108 participants were included, 77 female and 31 male, with a mean age of 46 (range 25-78) years, 22% of whom were hospitalised in the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Strong intercorrelations were found between the muscle fatigue indices derived from the mean and median frequencies of thigh muscle contractions. However, no significant correlations were detected between the muscle fatigue indices and CFQ scores. Conclusion Self-reported fatigue as measured by the CFQ was not associated with an EMG-derived muscle fatigue index in this long-COVID cohort.

Structure characterization and anti-fatigue activity of an acidic polysaccharide from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Ethnopharmacological relevancePanax ginseng C. A. Meyer is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used in China for more than 2000 years. Its traditional effect of “invigorating vitality” is mainly reflected in anti-fatigue. However, due to the difficulty of identification of polysaccharide structure, there are few reports on homogeneous ginseng polysaccharide, and the molecular mechanism of its anti-fatigue effect remains to be further explored. Aim of the studyIn order to find the homogenous ginseng polysaccharide with the most anti-fatigue effect, this study is for the first time extracted, isolated and structurally identified polysaccharide monomer from Mountain Cultivated Ginseng (MCG). Then the anti-fatigue activity and molecular mechanism were studied. Materials and methodsThe structure of ginseng acidic polysaccharide APS-1 prepared by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) was determined by acid hydrolysis/HPLC, methylation/GC-MS and NMR analysis. Anti-fatigue effect was evaluated by exhaustive swimming model, and AMPK axis-related proteins were detected by Western blot. ResultsAPS-1 significantly prolonged fatigue tolerance time, alleviated accumulation of BLA, LDH and BUN, increased activities of SOD and CAT, alleviated oxidative damage caused by MDA, increased activity of CK, regulated glycolysis, and alleviated muscle fiber contraction. The expressions of LKB1, p-AMPK, PGC-1α and Glut4 in muscle were significantly up-regulated. ConclusionsThe anti-fatigue effect of APS-1 was significantly, and the molecular mechanism may be related to the activation of AMPK axis signaling pathway to improve glucose uptake and mitochondrial function.

Orthostatic intolerance as a potential contributor to prolonged fatigue and inconsistent performance in elite swimmers

BackgroundAthletic underperformance is characterized by fatigue and an inability to sustain a consistent exercise workload. We describe five elite swimmers with prolonged fatigue and athletic underperformance. Based on our work in myalgic encephalomyelitis /chronic fatigue syndrome, we focused on orthostatic intolerance as a possible contributor to symptoms.MethodsParticipants were referred for evaluation of fatigue and underperformance to the Chronic Fatigue Clinic at the Johns Hopkins Children’s Center. All patients were evaluated for overtraining syndrome, as well as for features commonly seen in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. The latter included joint hypermobility, orthostatic intolerance, and non-IgE mediated milk protein intolerance. Orthostatic intolerance was tested by performing a ten-minute passive standing test or a head-up tilt table test.ResultsOrthostatic testing provoked fatigue and other symptoms in all five swimmers, two of whom met heart rate criteria for postural tachycardia syndrome. Treatment was individualized, primarily consisting of an increased intake of sodium chloride and fluids to address orthostasis. All patients experienced a relatively prompt improvement in fatigue and other orthostatic symptoms and were able to either return to their expected level of performance or improve their practice consistency.ConclusionsOrthostatic intolerance was an easily measured and treatable contributor to athletic underperformance in the five elite swimmers we describe. We suggest that passive standing tests or formal tilt table tests be incorporated into the clinical evaluation of athletes with fatigue and underperformance as well as into scientific studies of this topic. Recognition and treatment of orthostatic intolerance provides a new avenue for improving outcomes in underperforming athletes.

Acute and prolonged effects of the simulated physical demands of a futsal match on lower limb muscle power and strength, sprint performance and muscle soreness

BACKGROUND: Prolonged fatigue effects may be a concern after futsal matches mainly because of the actions performed by futsal players (e.g., sprinting, jumping) that usually involve the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). However, there no studies analyzed the prolonged effects of futsal-specific fatigue and how futsal players can recover from performance tasks. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the acute and prolonged effects of a protocol that simulates specific physical demands of futsal on countermovement-jump, sprint performance, muscle strength and muscle soreness. METHODS: Fifteen amateur futsal male athletes (18.3 ± 3.8 years) performed a futsal intermittent running protocol (FIRP) and were assessed for (moment production, sprint and jumping performance and muscle soreness) at pre, during half-time, immediately after, post 24 and 48 hours after the FIRP. Analysis of variance (repeated measures) was used to compare variable means over time. RESULTS: The main results indicated a decrement in the CMJ height (p= 0.03) and an increase of 10 m and 20 m sprint times (p= 0.01–p&lt; 0.01, respectively) during half-time and the post FIRP. There was a decrement in eccentric peak moment of the knee extensors (p= 0.02) and flexors (p&lt; 0.01) until 48h post protocol and a decrement in concentric peak moment of the flexors (p&lt; 0.01) post protocol. Athletes reported muscle soreness in the hamstrings (p= 0.03) post and 24 h after the FIRP. CONCLUSION: FIRP induced acute effects in the jump and sprint performances only. On the other hand, the knee moment production capability (mainly eccentric) suffered acute and also prolonged effects of the FIRP accompanied by delayed muscle soreness in the hamstring muscles.

Promoting the Health and Well-Being of Senior Members at the University of Mines and Technology: Stressors and Their Mitigation

The paper focuses on stressors and their mitigation on senior members at the University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa, Ghana. It analyses factors such as anxiety, insufficient skills for the job, low self-esteem, prolonged fatigue, inadequate income and socio-economic status, irritability, prolonged illness or injury, heavy workload, tight deadlines, different and incompatible roles simultaneously, and the effect of prolonged stress. A purposive and descriptive research design approach was used to assess the variables. A structured questionnaire facilitated data collection from purposively selected 100 senior members teaching and non-teaching. The data obtained were analyzed with the aid of Stata version 16.0. Results of the study indicated that there were stressors associated with the job of senior members teaching and non-teaching. It was recommended that establishing a keep fit club, strengthening the University's Guidance and Counseling Unit to adequately play its role in psychotherapy for staff and students, and a system that tracks and follows up on treatment for injury and diseases will go a long way to mitigate these stressors.

Design and Analysis of Lower Limb Assistive Exoskeleton

Assistive Exoskeleton is a type of ergonomic product that is based on exoskeleton support and is a chair. Standing for five hours or more each day, according to a small study, increases the risk of considerable and prolonged lower-limb muscular fatigue. Long-term back pain and musculoskeletal problems may be increased as a result of this. Meanwhile, the researchers discovered that persons who primarily stand at work are several percent more likely than "predominantly sitting populations" to suffer heart disease. Because of its big size, high weight (5 to 7 kg), and hard frame, the traditional chair is inconvenient to transport to different working locations. As a result, they are unsuited for workplaces with limited space. Because lightweight members are used, the flexible wearable chair may have a gross weight of 3 kg. It has to be constructed in such a way that workers may be comfortable while performing their activities and can adjust their sitting posture to any angle between 90 and 160 degrees. This exoskeleton can be used as an extra pair of legs to allow a person to sit without using a chair or to adopt a more comfortable position for certain occupations. Workers can walk around normally, but they must adjust and secure the supporting structure in the proper position if they want to sit or lean. The weight is then balanced on the floor by their movable frames. It's designed for factory workers who must stand for extended periods of time in work and occasionally bend into unusual positions to build a product. Spatial management is a critical aspect in every industry. By optimizing the utilization of an Assistive Exoskeleton, superfluous chairs and resting areas can be avoided.