Project Selection Process Research Articles

Project Beneficiary Selection Process and Sustainability of Dairy Goat Projects in Kenya

Project Beneficiary Selection Process and Sustainability of Dairy Goat Projects in Kenya

Особенности управления программой развития фармацевтической компании: формирование и мониторинг

The paper is devoted to a new approach to project planning and programme planning in the pharmaceutical industry that allows to simplify and standardize the process of project selection and program formation by introducing clear evaluation criteria, establishing several consecutive selection stages, optimizing and balancing the composition of projects. The proposed approach is build considering the peculiarities of the pharmaceutical industry, business processes in companies and existing projects. New two-level system for monitoring and control was developed to integrate tactical and strategic level of programme management which allows to link the achievement of project goals with the achievement of benefits and programme goals at various milestones of implementation.

R&D Project Selection Incorporating Customer-Perceived Value and Technology Potential: The Case of the Automobile Industry

As user-centric innovation has recently emerged as a successful way of developing new products, services, and concepts, it is worth considering the perspectives of potential technology users during R&D project selection processes. Nevertheless, little effort has been made to reflect customer-perceived value in establishing selection criteria, with the focus mainly on technological potential instead. Therefore, this study aims to develop an R&D project selection model incorporating not only technological potential but also customer-perceived value. For this purpose, a new R&D project evaluation model and process is proposed, and its feasibility is tested by potential users in a real scenario. The automobile industry is suitable for our evaluation model because it is a B2C and system-based industry where customer needs are critical to market success and a number of R&D projects are proposed every year. Finally, a supporting tool is developed to help interact with various evaluators and visualize the evaluation results, as customer involvement is recommended for accurate project evaluation from the perspective of technology users. This study is one of the earliest attempts to reflect customer-perceived value in R&D project selection, and practically, the research outputs are expected to be useful to automobile manufacturers in creating value from R&D projects.

Developing Convergence Index in Project Selection Process: A Case of the Korea Research Foundation

Developing Convergence Index in Project Selection Process: A Case of the Korea Research Foundation

A probability-based indicator for measuring the degree of multimodality in transportation investments

Although decision makers may favor a “multimodal” transportation system, it can be difficult to indicate the extent to which a given transportation investment is, or is not, multimodal. This lack of an indicator can be acute when the project selection process requires consideration of how a given investment supports increased multimodality. In response to this need, this research reports on a taxonomy for classifying the degree of multimodality for transportation projects. Probability theory was employed with principal component analysis to create a new indicator based on both demand (modal shares) and supply (monetary investment for each mode). The indicator offers three main benefits in the area of performance measurement: (1) it is applicable in cases when some data are missing; (2) it provides a way of comparing multimodality from diverse projects such as high-occupancy toll lanes or multimodal centers; and (3) it can help decision-makers quantify how multimodality has changed over time. For example, application of the indicator to six U.S. public-private partnership projects in Colorado, Florida, Rhode Island, and Virginia showed that the degree of multimodality increased by an average value of 57%. (While the manner in which the impact boundary is defined affects this calculation for specific projects, the average value remained relatively stable whether the impact boundary was equal to the average commute trip length or less than half that amount.) Given that some planners view multimodality as societally beneficial, the indicator proposed herein can help one evaluate the multimodal potential of proposed transportation investments.

The Leader Programme as a Model of Institutional Transfer: Learning from Its Local Implementation in France and Lithuania

Abstract Between 2007 and 2013, the European Rural Development Policy targets were supported by the LEADER policy, an instrument that can be interpreted differently according to each country. Based on the examples of France and Lithuania, we studied the way in which the institutional organization of the device at local level helps to understand the stakeholders system and how adaptable it is to situations in each of the corresponding countries and project areas. A comparative approach, based on a joint methodology of investigation and analysis, was used on four project areas: Joniškis and Ignalina in Lithuania, and Gévaudan-Lozère and Pays Coeur d’Hérault in France. It shows that, in all cases, a form of “municipalization” of the LEADER programme, or at least a strong integration of the association sector, is dominant and seems to be established. Studying the network of stakeholders helps to identify the interknowledge as well as the interdependency relationships that lie at the heart of the system. The development of the “social capital of individuals” is often an entry point, if not a cornerstone, of the stakeholders system in place. Finally, it is through the analysis of the project selection process that we can truly grasp the characteristics of the new public action mode, in particular by studying the allocation of projects in these local areas.

Six Sigma project selections: a critical review

PurposeThe paper aims to review the literature on Six Sigma projects through a broad framework of Six Sigma project selection process. It proposes a process framework approach of six sigma project selection and enumerates various recent tools and methods required for each stage. The review aims to expand the domain of Six Sigma project selection by identifying the importance of project portfolio approach.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a process framework approach and systematic literature review to identify and classify various literature pertaining six sigma projects and its associated tools and methodsFindingsThe paper provides broad insights about the opportunity and direction to future research in the area of Six Sigma project. Emerging research opportunities exist in the area of Six Sigma project risk management and selecting portfolio of projects.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has its own limitations because of its chosen research approach. The process framework developed for classification of literature is based on expert opinion. Further research can be carried out to validate it.Practical implicationsThis study will benefit new researchers entering the field of Six Sigma to identify new research opportunities and issues for their research interest. Second, industry practitioners and consultants working in the area of Six Sigma may work towards more successful implementation of Six Sigma.Originality/valueThe paper fulfils an identified gap of review of Six Sigma project selection.

The effects of rules on local political decision-making processes: How can rules facilitate participation?

It is often claimed that participation empowers local actors and that an inclusive decision-making process is crucial for rural development. We aim to investigate how formal and informal rules are set in local decision-making processes and how those rules may impact the actual level of participation by local actors. In a comparative case study, the rules-in-use for the planning of community projects in Thailand are examined. For our analysis, we use the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, which allows for more precise analysis of the impact of the rules. Fifty-three villages are served by four selected Tambon Administrative Organisations (TAO) which are either known for success in achieving participation or ranked as problematic in implementing the decentralization and local participation goals of the Thai government. The study is based on 60 semi-structured interviews with TAO staff, a survey of village leaders in 50 villages and a household survey of 104 villagers. We scrutinize seven types of rules and show some particular differences in terms of the impact from the rules-in-use. In the TAOs ranked as less participatory, the attendance rate in the meetings is found to be lower (boundary rule), villagers are informed about a meeting with a shorter notice (information rule) and more villagers mention that elites interfere in the project selection process (aggregation rule). A high level of fuzziness appeared in the position and authority rules. Further, we obtained information on the particular deontic logic, showing generally a high share of de facto may-statements in the implementation of the rules. We conclude that if the policy goal is enhancing participation, rule-setting offers good scope for intervention. From a practical perspective, information on administrative procedures has to be made more accessible and public administrators should receive procedural training.

Public Investment in a Developing Country Facing Natural Resource Depletion

This paper analyses the trade-offs between savings, debt, public investment and capital sustainability in a developing country with looming oil exhaustibility concerns. We find that an optimal policy that maximises welfare and preserves capital and fiscal sustainability involves a moderate scaling-up of public investment in the short term. Alternative public investment paths are shown not to be optimal as they either create risks to capital and fiscal sustainability or do not fully harness the oil revenue windfall. We also show that there are large welfare gains for low-income countries from structural reforms that improve the efficiency of public investment and the project selection process. Finally, the paper highlights the fiscal and debt sustainability risks from volatile oil prices and inadequate fiscal adjustment.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ВАРТОСТІ ПРОГРАМНОГО ПРОДУКТУ

The paper analyzes the factors that affect the amount of effort required to create a mobile application and its cost. It is established that the main factors of influence are the design of the application, its functionality, the type of mobile platform, the availability and level of testing and support, as well as the individual characteristics of the developer. Based on the analysis of information sources, the main methods and approaches to forecasting the cost of software products are identified, which include the COCOMO model, Price-to-win method, expert evaluation, algorithmic methods and the method of analogies. It is proposed to consider the method of analogies as a tool that allows you to make predictions about the cost of resources required for the successful implementation of IT projects based on the experience of similar projects. It is proved that the advantages of this method are the simplicity of its implementation and the clarity of the results obtained, which follows from the practical orientation of this tool. Among the limitations of the method of analogy is the mandatory need for reliable data relating to similar projects, as well as the difficulty of taking into account unspecified indicators. Taking into account the mentioned limitations of the method of analogies and on the basis of the analysis of scientific sources the possible directions of its optimization are determined. Thus, among the ways to improve the effectiveness of this method are those aimed at optimizing the project selection process, the data for which are used as a basis for forecasting. Attempts to improve the method of analogies by including parameters that were previously ignored by this technique seem promising. This in turn can lead to an expansion of the scope of the method of analogies and increase the accuracy of forecasts. As prospects for further research, the need to continue research in the field of optimization of the method of analogies with the subsequent practical verification of theoretical positions on the data of real projects.

Use of Six Sigma Methodology to Reduce Appointment Lead-Time in Obstetrics Outpatient Department.

This paper focuses on the issue of longer appointment lead-time in the obstetrics outpatient department of a maternal-child hospital in Colombia. Because of extended appointment lead-time, women with high-risk pregnancy could develop severe complications in their health status and put their babies at risk. This problem was detected through a project selection process explained in this article and to solve it, Six Sigma methodology has been used. First, the process was defined through a SIPOC diagram to identify its input and output variables. Second, six sigma performance indicators were calculated to establish the process baseline. Then, a fishbone diagram was used to determine the possible causes of the problem. These causes were validated with the aid of correlation analysis and other statistical tools. Later, improvement strategies were designed to reduce appointment lead-time in this department. Project results evidenced that average appointment lead-time reduced from 6,89days to 4,08days and the deviation standard dropped from 1,57days to 1,24days. In this way, the hospital will serve pregnant women faster, which represents a risk reduction of perinatal and maternal mortality.

Modeling and Solving Project Portfolio and Contractor Selection Problem Based on Project Scheduling under Uncertainty

In this paper a new formulation of the project portfolio selection problem based on the project schedules in uncertain circumstances have been proposed. The project portfolio selection models usually disregard the project scheduling, whereas is an element of the project selection process. We investigate a project portfolio selection problem based on the schedule of the projects, so that the minimum expected profit would be met in the shortest possible time period. Also due to uncertain nature of durations of the activities, this duration considered as the semi-trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Finally, a fuzzy linear programming model is developed for the problem, where the results indicated the validity of the presented model.

Differences between Clients’ and Vendors’ Perceptions of IT Outsourcing Risks: Project Partnering as the Mitigation Approach

Information technology (IT) outsourcing has been a business practice for more than two decades. Researchers have suggested successful risk management as a key factor in successful IT outsourcing projects implementation. The documented investigations, however, have mainly addressed risk management only from a single perspective of either clients or IT vendors. Considering only one perspective allows for an omission of possible risks considered critical by the other party, as suggested by agency theory. This study explored the potential perception inconsistency regarding the risks between the client and the vendor for IT outsourcing projects by using a quasi- Delphi approach. The analysis results indicated some inconsistencies in the risks perceived by the two parties: (1) the clients regarded (a) lack of vendor commitment to the project and (b) poor vendor selection criteria and process as top critical risks but the vendors didn't; and (2) on the other hand, the vendors perceived (a) unclear requirements and (b) lack of experience and expertise with project activities as significant risks but the clients didn't. Insights into how the client and the vendor perceive risks may help both parties determine how to partner and manage project risks collaboratively to succeed in outsourcing.

Urban Renewal Project Selection Using the Integration of AHP and PROMETHEE Approaches

Appropriate project selection has a significant impact on construction companies’ success. Selecting the appropriate project is complicated due to uncertainties related to many factors that may influence the project selection process. The uncertainties related to a construction project may vary according to the type of the construction project. Therefore, having a project selection tool, which assists construction companies in selecting a particular construction project, can be a significant advantage in achieving success. Urban renewal projects constitute a significant portion of the projects that are carried out by construction companies in Turkey. This study aims to propose an integrated approach for selection of urban renewal projects. The proposed approach combines analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and PROMETHEE, to help construction companies in selecting the appropriate urban renewal project. AHP and PROMETHEE were used to find the weights of the selection criteria and to rank the alternative projects, respectively. The proposed approach is used to solve a project selection problem of a Turkish construction company, which is mainly specialized in urban renewal projects. In the case study, twelve different projects were ranked according to seventeen evaluation criteria by using the proposed approach. The findings of this study revealed that the proposed approach can be a useful tool for construction companies, which are especially specialized on urban renewal projects.

Selecting the public transit projects with PCA-DP technique: The example of Xiamen City

Many cities in China are in the process of investing in public transit projects in order to reduce the growing problem of traffic congestion and enhance mobility of travelers. Cities all tend to pursue large public transit projects when it comes to investment options. There seems to be an urgent need to study these options from the standpoint of planning objectives and travel requirements. This paper compares the payoff of alternative projects of the public transit system for Xiamen City. We formulate the transit project selection problem as a mathematical model. With the proposed PCA-DP technique which integrates the principal component analysis (PCA) into a dynamic programming (DP) model, the optimal solution can be obtained based on indicators that cover four aspects of transit system performance evaluation: the level of service, the predicted relevant income and cost, and the expected external influence. The bi-hierarchy PCA model, constructed with data from 15 cities of China, generates the payoff function used as input to the DP model for the multi-phase transit project selection process for the City of Xiamen. The empirical analysis shows that for most of the scenarios, upgrading the existing bus rapid transit (BRT) into light rail transit (LRT) system and constructing a mass rail transit (MRT) routes in the next 10 years appear to be the most cost-effective option. Combined with other findings from this study, the result of our work can be used by practitioners to facilitate transit system planning and transportation project prioritization. The solution technique discussed provides a methodological framework that can be potentially used for the selection of a future transit system.

Methodological Aspects of Project Techniques Selection for Innovation Project Management

Project Management offers a variety of methodologies which provides managers with different techniques and tools to use during project planning and implementation. At the same time there is a substantial lack of systematized approaches to the management of innovation projects. In this article key factors in the selection of appropriate techniques in innovation project management will first be identified. Theoretical analysis of different project management standards and possibility of their use will then be discussed. In addition how the techniques can be applied will be investigated through academic paper analysis. This research makes a theoretical contribution to the field of project management by selecting and determining which project management techniques can be adapted and applied to innovation projects. Recommendations for practical application are based on theoretical findings of the research. These include two main factors, which are: influencing the choice of project management techniques and the structure of project selection process. The significance of the results obtained is confirmed by creation of theoretical knowledge, which permits to thoroughly understand and capture issues which may emerge during innovation project planning and implementation, through the use of established project management methodology.

Research project evaluation and selection: an evidential reasoning rule-based method for aggregating peer review information with reliabilities

Research project evaluation and selection is mainly concerned with evaluating a number of research projects and then choosing some of them for implementation. It involves a complex multiple-experts multiple-criteria decision making process. Thus this paper presents an effective method for evaluating and selecting research projects by using the recently-developed evidential reasoning (ER) rule. The proposed ER rule based evaluation and selection method mainly includes (1) using belief structures to represent peer review information provided by multiple experts, (2) employing a confusion matrix for generating experts' reliabilities, (3) implementing utility based information transformation to handle qualitative evaluation criteria with different evaluation grades, and (4) aggregating multiple experts' evaluation information on multiple criteria using the ER rule. An experimental study on the evaluation and selection of research proposals submitted to the National Science Foundation of China demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that (1) the ER rule based method can provide consistent and informative support to make informed decisions, and (2) the reliabilities of the review information provided by different experts should be taken into account in a rational research project evaluation and selection process, as they have a significant influence to the selection of eligible projects for panel review.

Understanding the selection processes of public research projects in agriculture: The role of scientific merit

This paper analyses factors that affect the funding of agricultural research projects by regional governments and other regional public authorities. We study the selection process of agricultural research projects funded by the Emilia Romagna regional government in Italy, which follows funding procedures similar to many other European regional public authorities. Leveraging a unique dataset, a Heckman selection model demonstrates that the scientific merit of proposed projects is the primary selection criterion. Still, factors such as the experience of the proposal’s reviewers and the gender composition of the reviewing team also influence whether or not a submitted proposal receives funding as well as the amount allocated to the proposal.

Multi-Criteria Project Selection Using an Extended VIKOR Method with Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets

Project selection can be a real problem of the multi-criteria group decision making if a group of decision makers express their preferences depending on the nature of the alternatives and different criteria with respect to their knowledge about them. The purpose of the project selection process is to analyze project viability and to approve or reject project proposals based on established criteria. Such decisions are often complex, because they require the identification, consideration and analysis of many tangible and intangible factors. This paper presents a multi-criteria group decision-making approach for project selection problem in the type-2 fuzzy environment. The proposed method is an extended version of Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method with interval type-2 fuzzy numbers; it is called type-2 fuzzy VIKOR (T2F-VIKOR). A stepwise procedure is used for ranking and evaluating the alternatives in the developed method, and the best solution is selected considering both the beneficial and nonbeneficial criteria. An illustrative example is presented to show the applicability of the proposed approach in the project selection problems, and the results are analyzed. The results are compared with some existing methods to show the validity of the extended method. We also utilize six sets of criteria weights for analyzing the stability of the proposed method. These analyses show that the obtained results of the proposed method are relatively consistent with other methods and have good stability in different criteria weights.

Patento-scientometric indicators for the selection of projects by investment funds

Purpose – This paper aims to assess a method that applies scientometric and patentometric indicators in the selection process of projects by seed capital funds. There is increasing interest in technology-based enterprises, for their capacity to contribute to economic and social development. Nevertheless, in practice, there is some difficulty in assessing non-financial criteria associated with technology for the purposes of choosing investment opportunities. Design/methodology/approach – The literature has presented various methods to instrumentalize the process of evaluation and selection of investment projects. This study focuses on an enterprise that received an investment by the largest seed capital fund in Brazil, to assess to what extent scientific and technological indicators can contribute to understanding the market potential of the firm’s technology. Findings – The results show that the use of scientometric and patentometric indicators favors the process of judging non-financial criteria, in particular those related to technology, market, divestment and team. Originality/value – The originality of this paper is in the evaluation of a patento-scientometric approach for the selection process of projects by seed capital funds.