Term Project Research Articles

자원의존론적 관점에서 학교기업지원사업의 운영 양상 탐색 연구

The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of the School-Based Enterprise system and diagnose the causes and patterns of resource-dependence of School-Based Enterprise support projects in terms of organizational theory. To this ends, three rounds of FGI were conducted with field stakeholders (professors, practitioners) who have operated school-based enterprises and participated in support projects and experts who have conducted related research.
 The results showed that the regulatory laws and systems underlying the establishment and operation of school-based enterprise hindered its stable operation. In addition, the goals set for the organization were higher than the capacity of the organization, which caused considerable burden on school-based enterprises. In addition, the school-based enterprise support project provided essential resources for the operation of the organization, but the performance indicators and selection and evaluation methods added to the burden of school-based enterprises. Overall the above factors hindered the activities of school-based enterprises preventing them from achieving internal organizational innovation and organizational growth as a unique enterprise.
 Based on the results of the study, it was suggested that regulatory reform of the school-based enterprise system should be carried out to realize the transformation of entrepreneurial universities and achievement of university innovation and that performance indicators should be improved and step-by-step support should be provided to prevent the problem of resource dependence in higher education financial support projects.

Examination of the Filyos Valley Project from the governance approach

ABSTRACT This study aims to fill this gap by examining the Filyos Valley Project in terms of a governance approach. Based on semi-structured elite interviews, it concludes that the Filyos Valley Project was superficially conducted in line with the governance perspective but did not include a meaningful governance approach. The reasons are the decisive position of the central government, the discovery of natural gas in the region, the influence of political rivalry, insufficient efforts to address the stakeholders’ concerns, and the lack of feedback from the central.

Integrated assessment of global carbon capture, utilization, and storage projects

In recent decades, Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS)/Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects at commercial scale have been evaluated from economic, technical, and operational approaches. However, there is a lack of research comprising both the technical aspects and the geological properties. In this investigation, we have developed a full description of active commercial CCUS/CCS projects in terms of technical guidelines and geological properties of reservoirs and caprocks. In addition, we built letter-value plots and cross-plots for 43 pairs of reservoirs and caprocks used for CO₂ geological storage. Then, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to assess correlations among reservoir and caprock parameters and understand which parameters are more relevant. Thus, our findings suggested that peripheral foreland and post-rift sag basins may contain suitable carbon storage sites, with Carboniferous and Cretaceous as the prevalent reservoir ages. We also noted that reservoirs have mostly been deposited in transitional and marine environments, with shale representing the prevalent caprock lithology. From the multivariate analysis, caprock and reservoir ages, reservoir porosity, reservoir depth, reservoir lithology, and caprock porosity exhibited the highest parameter weight. To finish, an integrated model correlating all geological and petrophysical parameters with classifications based on reservoir depositional environment and basin tectonic sub-regime is presented. Thus, significant correlations regarding reservoir rock and caprock parameters and tectonic regimes were found, which may contribute to future assessments of carbon storage sites.

Environmental and Social Acceptance module: reducing global and local environmental impacts for Ocean Energy Projects

Designing reliable ocean energy devices with reduced costs is crucial for the sector’s development. This development of renewable energies should also be implemented in a sustainable manner and not cause additional environmental stress and related damage. In order for the ocean energy sector to consider environmental impacts at the earliest stage of concept creation, the Environmental and Social Acceptance (ESA) module was developed and included in an integrative suite of design and assessment tools (namely DTOceanPlus) to support technology innovation processes. Several complementary features were developed in the ESA module which provides insight into impacts at different levels. At local scale, environmental impacts are assessed in relation to the different design choices using thirteen functions (i.e. Footprint of the array, Collision risk with devices, Collision risk with operating vessels, Energy modification, Reef effect, Reserve effect, Resting place, Chemical pollution, Turbidity, Temperature modification, Electrical fields, Magnetic fields and Underwater noise) that cover various potential pressures induced by the ocean energy array. Moreover, surveys and mitigation measures are provided regarding endangered species potentially present. At global scale, a life cycle assessment is conducted to evaluate the carbon footprint of a project in terms of its contribution to global warming and the cumulative energy demand. Two reference models were used to exemplify the use and relevancy of the different features. Overall the ESA module provides insight and support to the ocean energy sector to achieve sustainable development of marine renewable energies.

Vulnerability impact analysis in software project dependencies based on Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT)

Software development projects are built on top of external libraries and tools that help manage code and databases and/or facilitate deployment. The external libraries that assist in these tasks create dependent relations with the developed software, thereby increasing the use of dependencies as a common practice. There exist mechanisms in the projects to set up software dependencies in terms of versions and restrictions between said projects. However, any problem, error, or vulnerability affecting a software's configuration dependencies can render the whole project vulnerable. This turns a secure dependency into an insecure dependency, and hinders the maintenance of security in software development projects, since current tools do not cover all possible configurations of dependencies. In this paper, our approach that enables the analysis and inference of the configuration of dependencies of projects in terms of potentially vulnerable configurations. The proposal is developed by constructing a dependency graph network attributed to vulnerabilities. Formal models are integrated based on Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) to enable automatic analysis, such as the identification of the most secure configuration of dependencies. The automatic analysis facilitates ascertaining the vulnerability-free configurations of dependencies with maximum and minimum vulnerability impacts. This proposal has been evaluated by analysing more than 140 Python open-source code repositories and better results than other proposals have been achieved.

Pilgrimage of Presence: Endledleni Diaconia in Marginalised Communities

This article explores the concept of Pilgrimage of Presence as an expression of diaconia in marginalised communities in Cape Town, South Africa. Traditionally the diaconal chain is from church to community or from Institution/ Organisation to the recipients of care. This article proposes that diaconia happens in the encounter between the church and the community – the encounter between the organisation and the recipient of care. The author is a pastor of the Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa and the diaconal approach of many congregations is that of short term projects (charity projects). There needs to be a shift in social and diaconal work organisations where appropriate, away from being a “supporter” and “provider” towards being a “ acilitator” and “ enabler”. Hence the concept of Pilgrimage of Presence and Endledleni Diaconia “On the Road Diaconia” where widows and unemployed young adults are placed at the center and recognised as new co – service providers.

Special issue linStat: sequential projection pursuit

Friedman and Tukey (1974, A projection pursuit algorithm for exploratory data analysis. IEEE Trans Comput. C-23:881–890), in their seminal paper, coined the term projection pursuit to denote a sequential classification method where data are projected onto the direction which best separates a cluster from the others. The detected cluster is then removed from the data and the procedure is repeated until no clusters are left. This paper implements their approach by an iterative algorithm based on kurtosis minimization and k-means clustering. The algorithm is initialized with the eigenvector associated with the smallest positive eigenvalue of the standardized fourth moment. The iterative step simplifies the multivariate minimization procedure to a bivariate one, which admits an analytical solution. The classification step is a simplified version of k-means clustering, where the data are unidimensional and only two groups are sought. The practical usefulness and the asymptotic properties of the proposed method are illustrated with simulated data.

OPEN SCIENCE DATA CATALOGUE

Abstract. Open Science is a catalyst for innovation. Across the Earth Observation value chain, from R&D to prototyping new products and development of commercial applications, openness can play an important role by promoting long-term sustainable, community-contributed science and technology. The FAIR principles provide essential support to implementing Open Science, by offering guidelines for how researchers can adapt their EO and Earth Science practice to enable that their work (taking place increasingly in the cloud) and results are discovered, accessed, used, and reproduced by others. The Open Science Data Catalogue (OSC) (https://opensciencedata.esa.int) is an ESA Open Science activity aiming to enhance the discoverability and use of the various scientific and value-added results (i.e. data, code, documentation) achieved in Earth System Science research activities funded by ESA EO. The OSC provides open access for the scientific community to geoscience products (based on EO data from ESA and non-ESA missions and other geospatial information and models) across the whole spectrum of Earth Science domains. The OSC adheres to FAIR principles and promotes reproducibility of scientific studies. The OSC makes use of various Open-Source geospatial technologies such as pycsw, PySTAC, and OpenLayers and tries to contribute back to these projects in terms of software and standardisation. This paper reviews the EO OSC architecture, technology stack, and illustrates how this tool can be used to discover and publish Earth System Science products from ESA activities. It also looks at future evolutions of the product and how it contributes to ESA’s EO Open Science and Innovation goals.

Environmental and economic efficiency assessment of biogas energy projects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions

Environmental and economic efficiency assessment of biogas energy projects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions

An integrated risk and productivity assessment model for public–private partnership projects using fuzzy inference system

Infrastructural projects based on public–private partnership (PPP) schemes usually struggle with large amounts of resources. Given such projects’ relatively long lifetime, it is expected to encounter a wide range of risks when executing them. This implies that increasing productivity based on cost, time, and quality goals requires accurately identifying and assessing risks in these projects. This study aims at risk assessment and analysing productivity in PPP projects based on an integrated analysis method. To this end, first, library studies are utilized to identify the most significant risks by surveying the PPP-based urban underground construction projects. Expert opinions and the fuzzy Delphi (FD) technique are then employed in three stages to identify 48 secondary risk factors. By identifying the sources of these secondary risk factors, we identify five primary risk dimensions: government, financing, operation, constructability, and organization-related risks. A questionnaire is distributed to acquire experts’ opinions and screen the most critical risks by integrating FD with fuzzy failure mode and effects analysis (FFMEA). Results showed that, in total, 23 secondary risk factors in the five primary risk dimensions exhibited risk priority number (RPNNormalized) values above 0.5, indicating their relatively more critical impacts. In the next phase, a multi-stage fuzzy inference system is designed to evaluate the impacts of critical risks on the productivity of PPP projects. Output results of the inference system indicated very high, high, and medium impacts of the risks on the overall productivity of the PPP projects in terms of time, cost, and quality, respectively.

Social Policy in the European Union: Genesis, Obstacles and Digital Future

Summary The European Union is a process, not an organization, started in the 50s by a groups of visioners who thought of a long term project. The idea of the fathers of Europe, as Jean Monnet, was gradually advance in the integration proves in order to achieve such a level that would make impossible another war between National States of Europe. Economic integration has achieved great results and next steps will be social and political in order to attract the loyalty of the citizens to the integration process. Consequently, this research focusses on the necessity of integration, to some extent, the diverse national social policies in the European level, analyzing the necessities and the obstacles. Finally, the research contributes with a deep understanding of the implementation of digital solutions to solve, or avoid, problems integrating social policies within the European Union. Therefore, digitalization and its possibilities to implement a coherent, and minimum cohesive, social policy in the European level. The research introduces a new instrument, still under development, in the debate about the convenience of a Social Europe within the EU.

Sorting a sticky situation: Engaging students in sorting and identifying microfossils from La Brea Tar Pit

Although they do not garner the attention of larger, charismatic fossils, small (1 mm – 1 cm) plant and animal remains are invaluable resources for palaeontologists. These “microfossil” taxa are gener- ally confined to their local habitat and therefore provide insight on the nature of past environments and long-term ecosystem change. For decades, the La Brea Tar Pits (LBTP) in Los Angeles, Califor- nia, USA, has incorporated volunteer sorting of microfossils in their daily research agendas to sup- port scientific discovery in their onsite Fossil Lab. A recent grant-funded research project provided an opportunity to study the Rancho La Brea (RLB) microfossils while extending this “community science” activity beyond the walls of the museum and into local classrooms. From 2018 to 2020, nearly 1500 students contributed by sorting matrix into distinct categories: “plant”, “bone”, “shell”, and “other”. We evaluate the success of this project both in terms of producing usable scientific data and in its impact on the students. We found enjoyment was high among students who completed the ac- tivity. Overall, the level of accuracy of student work was less than that of trained volunteers. However, students were consistent in identifying fossils that were most likely to be valuable for research, and predictable errors provided insight into potential improvements. These data can inform planning for future research needs, lab workflows and opportunities for educational outreach at LBTP and other institutions worldwide.

Identifying and Prioritising the Causes of Medication Errors in the Pharmacy

Abstract Introduction Medication errors can negatively impact the health of numerous individuals worldwide and even lead to fatalities, from incorrect timing, dosages, or methods of administration of drugs to mismanagement of drug interactions. Such errors can arise from patients and healthcare professionals in all stages of patient care. Therefore, all healthcare workers must pay attention to preventing medication errors, correctly managing encountered errors, and reporting them appropriately to ensure patient safety. Parallel to these, one of the FIP's development goals for pharmacists was also determined as Patient Safety. Despite various studies that have analysed medication errors from different perspectives, no study has thoroughly evaluated the causes of medication errors specific to community pharmacists. Aim This project aimed to identify and prioritise the causes of medication errors encountered in community pharmacies. Methods According to the aim of the study, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 community pharmacists in Van. Thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative interview findings. Additionally, at the end of the qualitative interviews, a questionnaire was applied due to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), to prioritize the causes of the medication errors. This study was conducted after Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Non-interventional Research Ethics Committee approved the study ethically (Date:18/11/2022, Decision No: 2022/11-25). This study is supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TUBITAK)’s 2209/2022 2nd term projects (Project No: 1919B012217783). Results Three main themes and 13 sub-themes were obtained. The study's results emphasise that communication gaps and manual prescriptions are the most significant causes of medication errors reported by pharmacists. As a result of the AHP, prescription errors (31.5%) were found to be the most encountered reason for medication errors, followed by medication knowledge gaps (25.7%). Discussion/Conclusion Pharmacists, aware of their responsibilities for patient and drug safety, also have an essential role in solving problems that cause medication errors. With this study, it is also seen that pharmacists show the necessary self-sacrifice and take precautions to minimize medication errors originating from the pharmacy. So, the findings obtained from this study are thought to have guiding implications for preventing medication errors.

Cofinancing and infrastructure project outcomes in Chinese lending and overseas development finance

Cofinancing from government agencies, development banks, and private actors is acknowledged as an important tool to bridge the infrastructure finance gap in developing countries, but relatively little is known about outcomes for cofinanced projects. To fill this void, we explore the role of cofinancing in shaping Chinese lending and overseas development finance for infrastructure projects in terms of implementation outcomes and environmental performance. We examine a sample of 2997 infrastructure projects committed between 2000 and 2017 that were funded by Chinese finance, among which 15 percent are cofinanced. Our study shows that cofinancing correlates with higher infrastructure project completion rates, as cofinanced projects are 3.3–7.1 percentage points less likely to be cancelled or suspended than non-cofinanced ones. We also find that cofinancing with certain partners suggests specific benefits. Cofinancing with partners from the recipient country is associated with more localized implementation, whereas cofinancing with international partners has demonstrated improved environmental performance, with a 2.7 percent lower carbon dioxide emissions intensity and a 0.42 standard deviation decrease in biodiversity risks. The results suggest that cofinancing could be an effective tool to enhance infrastructure project success and achieve greater sustainable performance in Chinese lending and overseas development finance.

Is more always better? External consultants and firm innovation in emerging markets

ABSTRACT I analyse the relationship between hiring external consultants and firm innovation in emerging markets. Firms in these economic environments face specific problems that hinder organizational activities such as innovation. Hiring external consultants is considered a particularly important strategy to overcome these corporate inefficiencies as it provides firms with access to skills and knowledge. The results for a sample of firms from 32 countries imply that firms that hire external consultants are more likely to conduct product and process innovation. Moreover, the use of advisory services is positively associated with the likelihood of undertaking more ambitious innovation projects in terms of disruptiveness and the number of innovation types. Determining the impact of the consulting intensity, I show that the relation between the number of interactions with external consultants and innovation is inversely U-shaped. This implies that more consulting is not always better.

Theoretical prediction of ground settlements due to shield tunneling in multi-layered soils considering process parameters

This paper conducts a theoretical analysis of ground settlements due to shield tunneling in multi-layered soils which are usually encountered in urban areas. The proposed theoretical solution which is based on the general form of the Mindlin's solution and Loganathan-Poulos formula can comprehensively consider the in-process tunneling parameters including: unbalanced face pressure, shield-soil friction, unbalanced tail grouting pressure, unbalanced secondary grouting pressure, overloading during tunneling and the ground volume loss. The method is verified by comparing with the field data from the Qinghuayuan Tunnel Project in terms of the ground surface settlements along the longitudinal and transverse direction. Due to the local settlement or heave caused by the certain tunneling parameters, the ground surface settlements calculated using current solution along the longitudinal direction presents an irregular S-shaped curve instead of the traditional S-shaped curve. Results also find that the effect of the unbalanced secondary grouting pressure and the overloading during tunneling cannot be ignored.

Re/assembling Antiracisms – or How to Produce “Para-Sites” of Co-Articulation. A Field Attempt

Abstract Against the background of the ongoing collaborative research and archiving project “Re/assembling antiracisms in Germany,” I discuss what anthropologists have to offer in highly complex settings of “activist expert cultures,” and thus how such projects can best be designed. The paper argues that rather than thinking of such projects in terms of collaboration (or “co-laboration”), it is more about co-articulating the differently situated knowledges and experiences on offer, with anthropologists more and more taking on the role of a curator. By drawing on the concept of “para-sites,” as proposed by Douglas Holmes and Georg Marcus, I further argue that it is no longer about helping others to find their voice but rather about creating spaces and infrastructures of listening.

“Sacred Images” in the Interior of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra’s Great Church: the Factual System of Sacral Murals, 1897 – 1901

The purpose of the article is to introduce into scientific circulation documents presenting the factual system of sacred compositions 1897 – 1901 in the interior of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra’s Dormition Cathedral (Great Church). The research methodology is synthesis of historical and cultural analysis, as well as art study analysis. Scientific novelty. The author has introduced the album of drawings by the artist Andrii Lakov into scientific circulation: “V. І. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. Lakov A. A. The album of plans and detailed drawings the inside of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra’s Great Church showing the locations of sacred images. 1905. Paper, mixed technique. 19 sheets”. Based on this document, the author has performed three research tasks using examples. First, she reconstructed the system of sacral murals of the Church’s compartment. Second, she revealed the difference between the project and the actual mural. Third, she improved and determined the location of a number of compositions. The author has revealed the important theoretical and practical significance of the album as a presentation of the factual system of sacred compositions of 1897 – 1901 in the interior of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra’s Great Church (Dormition Cathedral). Conclusions. The album of drawings by the artist Andriі Lakov (1905) presents the factual system of sacral mural painting of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra’s Great Church (Dormition Cathedral) of the late 19th – early 20th century. The album permits the determination of the compositions’ location on architectural surface. It is the evidence that artists partially changed the project in terms of the location of some compositions. This album provides an opportunity for the authentic historical reconstruction of the Cathedral’s painting decoration.
 Keywords: sacral culture, Orthodoxy, sacral mural painting, Ukrainian painting, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, Great Church, Dormition Cathedral, Andrii Lakov.

Environmental comparative case studies on modular integrated construction and cast-in-situ construction methods

This study contributes to the worldwide efforts of adopting innovative low carbon construction methods to reduce net zero embodied carbon of buildings and to minimize local environmental impacts during the construction period. It uses agent-based models (ABM) to simulate multi-threaded and multi-objective construction activities through collecting detailed project data of two case studies (one using the modular integrated construction (MiC) method and the other one using the cast-in-situ method) in Hong Kong. Considering that the construction process is dynamic and site issues are complex in nature, three major environmental impacts of carbon emissions, air pollution and noise are modelled at fine spatial and temporal resolutions. The findings show that the MiC project has significant environmental advantages over the cast-in-situ project in terms of reducing CO2 emissions, harmful emissions (including sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and organic volatile compounds), PM2.5 and PM10 emissions, and noise pollution levels, consequently reducing health risk associated with people in surrounding communities near construction sites. In terms of per square meter of construction floor area (per m2 CFA), the MiC project produced 17.60% less CO2, 42.54% less harmful gases, 32.15% less PM2.5 and 27.41% less PM10. The duration of noise exceeding 70 dB (minutes) in the neighbourhood of the MiC project was 81.25% shorter than the cast-in-situ project. The total health damage (in DALYs per m2 CFA) of the former was 63.18% lower than the latter. The research concludes that the adoption of low carbon construction methods like MiC can help to foster sustainable buildings and healthy communities in an urban context.

The many ways of Puerto Rican community music

For several decades, scholars in the field of community music have largely concentrated on community music practices in the Global North. Such interest has not been as prevalent in certain parts of the world, like the Caribbean. Consequently, this qualitative multiple case study focuses on three Puerto Rican community music initiatives that foster the country’s indigenous music: Bomba, Plena, and Música Campesina. Scholars have documented the evolution and characteristics of these musical traditions. In contrast, this article centers around the practices of Taller Tambuyé, a female-led Bomba organization, Decimanía, a national Música Campesina initiative that funds other community music projects, and La Junta, a community-based project tied to the sector of El Machuchal in the capital of Puerto Rico. This paper presents and analyzes their practices through the lens of Australia’s Sound Links project and its nine domains of community music. The multiple case study methodology’s cross-case analysis revealed notable divergences among the projects in terms of learning practices, promotion of the indigenous music tradition, and the connection between the musical initiative and their community. Additionally, researchers found the framework established by Sound Links to be a comprehensive tool to analyze community music practices outside of Australia.