Stages Of Project Implementation Research Articles

Peculiarities of metabolic and autonomic-endocrine accompaniments of urate-losing/retaining kidneys

Background. This publication initiates the project "Neuro-endocrine regulation of the clearance of nitrogenous metabolites". The first stage of project implementation is the clarification of peculiarities of metabolic and neuro-endocrine accompaniments of urate-losing and urate-retaining kidneys. Materials and Methods. The object of observations were patients with chronic pyelonephritis in the phase of remission (34 males aged 23-70 years and 10 females aged 33-76 years). Testing was performed twice - on admission and after 7-10 days of standard balneotherapy on Truskavets Spa. The battery of tests was created in line with concepts functional-metabolic continuum and NEI network. The content of nitrogenous metabolites and electrolytes was determined in daily urine and blood serum. In addition, indicators of the lipoprotein spectrum and lipids peroxidation, as well as the level of the main adaptation hormones, were determined in the blood. The state of the autonomic nervous system was assessed by the HRV method. Results. In 63.6% of cases, the renal clearance of uric acid was within the classical norm (±2σ), in 12.5% it was moderately reduced, but in the remaining cases it was increased, including drastically in 3 cases. The method of discriminant analysis revealed 20 parameters, according to the totality of which all 4 clusters of uric acid clearance clearly differ from each other (classification accuracy 100%). Conclusion. Constitutionally distinct types of uric acid metabolism (euricosis, urate-losing and urate-retaining kidneys) are characterized by specific constellations of metabolic and autonomic-endocrine parameters.

Digital Transformation of Construction Production Management

Digital Transformation of Construction Production Management

Implementasi Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Dimensi Beriman, Bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dan Berakhlak Mulia di SMP Negeri 11 Padang

The aim of this research is to describe and analyze The Project Strengthening The Profile of Pancasila Students in terms of faith, devotion to the Almighty God, and noble character at SMP Negeri 11 Padang. This research was conducted using a phenomenological approach, a qualitative type of research that looks closely and in detail at individual explanations and understandings of their experiences. Data collection was done using several techniques, namely; (a) Observation; (b) Interviews; and (c) Documentation of research results, which involved planning the formation of the facilitator team, then identifying the readiness of the educational unit, followed by the project implementation stage held in the hall with speakers such as Cerdik Pandai, and then a summative evaluation focusing more on the final results. The discussion begins with the planning of The Project To Strengthen The Profile of Pancasila Students, which involves forming the facilitator team and identifying the readiness of SMP Negeri 11 Padang. There are three things that need to be prepared to carry out this project, namely: 1) Readiness from the school side, including teachers and stakeholders, 2) Readiness from the school side, such as the hall, infocus, computer lab, health unit, 3) Readiness from external parties such as inviting speakers (Cerdik Pandai) as influential figures in the area. Then during the implementation, the students are gathered in the hall where the speakers explain and demonstrate how to cut shroud cloth and its parts. The summative evaluation then focuses on the results at the end of the activity, which is the year-end harvest festival. In conclusion, the planning involves forming the facilitator team, identifying school readiness, implementing the project in the hall, and then conducting a summative evaluation.

ПРОЕКТ RAIL BALTICA ЯК СКЛАДОВА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ УКРАЇНИ

The article is devoted to the solution of the urgent problems of strengthening the economic potential of the national economy and improving the logistical ways of supplying Ukrainian exports. Full integration of Ukraine into the EU should be comprehensive and include adaptation to the European system of communication routes it was determined. It has been established that one of the important stages of integration into the trans-European rail transport system should be the accession of Ukraine to the Trans-Baltic Rail Baltica project. The purpose of the study is to investigate the concept of integration of the system of international rail transportation and passenger transportation of Ukraine and the EU on the example of the implementation of the Trans-Baltic Rail Baltica project. The current state, potential, stages of project implementation and prospects for Ukraine joining this project it was determined. The object of the study is the process of Ukraine's integration into the system of the trans-European network of transport routes. The methods used in the research. Method of scientific knowledge, methods of analysis, synthesis, method of generalization, comparison, methods of induction and deduction. The hypothesis of the study consists in the assumption of the need to develop an organizational mechanism ("road map") for Ukraine's integration into the trans-European transport system. Presenting main material. The article examines the current state of logistics routes that ensure the transportation of Ukrainian exports to Europe and the transit capabilities of European ports for the transcontinental transportation of Ukrainian goods. Some difficulties still exist in exporting goods through the seaports of Ukraine. The transit potential of the borders of the Baltic countries for Ukrainian exports has been determined. Attention is also focused on the fact that road transport cannot be the only alternative for transport connections between Ukraine and the EU. The main problem of delivering Ukrainian exports to the ports of the Baltic Sea, and mostly to the entire European market by rail is the different width of the railway tracks. The work describes the modern Rail Baltica project, which is aimed at integrating the Baltic countries into the trans-European rail transportation system. The importance, specifics of implementation and prospects of joining Ukraine in this project have been determined. The originality and practical significance of the study is justification of the need for Ukraine to join the Rail Baltica project from the point of view of national economic and military-political security, as well as the security of the entire region. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The conducted research made it possible to determine that the development of the process of Ukraine's integration into the EU involves the development of a strategy for the integration of Ukraine into the European system of passenger and cargo transportation. Joining the Rail Baltica project will increase Ukraine's expert potential. The Rail Baltica project with the participation of Ukraine has the opportunity to improve the logistics routes of connections on the entire European continent.

Advanced topographic-geodetic surveys and GNSS methodologies in urban planning

Abstract The relevance of the problem examined is the need for research to ensure the safety and efficiency of construction and operation of utility networks, in light of the rapid development and growth of urban infrastructure. The purpose of this research is to explore and evaluate the application of topographic-geodetic studies in the context of the design and construction of utilities. The methods used include analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method. At the preparatory stage of works the schedule of all stages of project implementation was developed, coordinate and height systems accepted in the territory of the settlement, topographic and geodetic materials, general plans, detailed planning plans, and schemes of settlement development were established. Executive surveys, the territory of Aksukent settlement, and other materials and documents identified in the process of preparatory works were collected and analysed. Using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data of plan-altitude substantiation and aerial photography were obtained, orthophoto map in WGS84 and MSC coordinate system of the Aksukent settlement territory was obtained. To update the data on existing points of the state geodetic network, complexes of geodetic measurements and calculations were performed and parameters (key) of transformation between WGS84 and WCS coordinate systems were obtained. In the course of the field works, deciphering work was performed based on the obtained orthophoto. The inventory of engineering networks was conducted, which included engineering-geodetic surveys of underground and surface engineering networks (sewerage, water supply, gas supply, heating mains), and engineering-geodetic surveys of overhead and underground cable power lines. The results of the survey of the traces of engineering communications on the territory of Aksukent village were agreed with the balance holders of networks JSC “Turkestan Regional Telecommunications Directorate Kazakhtelecom”, JSC “KazTransGas Aimak”, LLP “Sairam Tazalyk”, LLP “Ontustik Zharyk Transit”. The research is of practical significance, as it contributes to the accurate determination of network parameters, identification of potential problem areas and ensuring effective planning and management of engineering projects.

Determining the significant input parameters of a forecasting model for material resources of residential construction projects at the investment feasibility assessment stage

Any investor/developer spends considerable time to make a construction decision in analyzing various parameters, such as the building site area, height restrictions, total area, quantity of necessary materials, etc. First of all, this is due to a high level of uncertainty and the complexity of estimating costs for the initial stages of project implementation. The unavailability of detailed design data at the investment justification stage makes it impossible to conduct a sufficiently accurate assessment of the value and period of construction to make highly accurate managerial decisions. However, one of the key issues, namely determining the significant parameters that have the greatest impact on future project-related decisions, has not been studied sufficiently. This article identifies the most significant parameters that impact the future characteristics of residential buildings based on an expert assessment using the a priori ranking method. The reliability of the assessment is confirmed using the coefficient of concordance. A conclusion is provided about their applicability as the input values of a forecasting model that uses machine learning and artificial intelligence to determine various technical and economic characteristics of residential buildings.

Implementation of Project-Based Play Activities in Early Childhood Character Stimulation

Educator-designed play activities focus only on academic skills, not specifically including character in learning objectives. This study aims to develop a project-based play activity program as a form of character stimulation in early childhood. This research was conducted with the development of a program of play activities and digital-based learning media for early childhood. This research uses an R and D approach consisting of two stages, namely: (1) the development stage and (2) the implementation stage in ECCE institutions in the East Jakarta area. The development plan was prepared based on analysis on 5 (five) ECCE institutions in the DKI Jakarta area. The stimulation program is designed by creating a theme design, a weekly activity program, and a daily activity design. Stimulation programs that have been designed by teachers can be a reference in developing character in early childhood. Character recognition is carried out through a variety of activities arranged by the teacher and the use of learning media that are in accordance with the interests and interests of children. The learning media used is also designed with the use of visual and digital-based media. Play activities are carried out through a project-based approach which is implemented through the project introduction stage, project implementation stage, and project completion stage. The development of early childhood frogs is currently the basis for the formation of Indonesia's superior generation. The results of the study resulted in a model for developing early childhood character stimulation programs based on project approaches developed according to field analysis to shape character in children, namely 1) Religious, 2) Independent, 3) Responsible, 4) Cooperation and Helpful, 5) Care for the Environment, and 7) Critical and Creative Reasoning.

МІЖПРЕДМЕТНА ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ПРИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ STEM-ПРОЄКТІВ

The article explores various types of interdisciplinary integrations for the implementation of the STEM approach and STEM projects. The following approaches are analyzed: interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, and transdisciplinary. As an example of interdisciplinary integration, the implementation of the STEM project «Smart Assistant for People with Visual Impairments» is considered. The device is based on the principle of measuring distance using ultrasound. This project can be classified as multidisciplinary since the fundamental knowledge is required to be obtained in physics lessons. The technological map of the project is presented, outlining the stages, timelines, resources, and roles of participants. The expected outcomes of the project for students in the development of practical skills and competencies are outlined. The material of the article can serve as a theoretical basis for further research on interdisciplinary STEM approaches and their practical application in the educational process. Additionally, a separate table outlines the main stages of project implementation, serving as an example for conducting project-based activities in educational institutions.

Creation of Universal Application and Project Management in Georgian Companies

Developing an universal concept is a creative process. Their effective production is related to the development of production. Studying the concepts of development of well-known leading Georgian companies, both large and medium production, clearly indicates that the competitive advantages they use, are individual. The fundamental points must first be reflected in the universal and original adaptive system of company management proposed by the enterprise. Each new universal concept must correctly reflect the core values of the brand. The universal concept is designed to connect the important problems of enterprise company management, all constituent components and provide a common focus on brand identity. This universal concept is also used by Georgian companies. After the completion of the project development and implementation stages in Georgian companies, the developer carries out a full audit of the enterprise's activities. The development of goods and services is one of the main points of the universal concept. Georgian companies with successful brands are constantly improving their products and services. This process takes many forms, both improving the product itself and accompanying services. Therefore, an important problem of company management is related to the adaptive system of correct management of the company. A universal concept will be created when the development of an innovative product begins, based on the creation of new ideas and concepts. The universal concept of product development is multifaceted and complex; And the closer the competing firms' products are, the more important it is to consider the entire range of values. Keywords: Concept; Value; Integration; Management; Development.

커뮤니티 참여 디자인 관점에서의 문화도시 시민 참여 유형

This study categorized citizen participation behavior for each 2023 project of the first cultural city from the perspective of community participation design. Focusing on the timing of citizen participation and the degree of citizen authority in individual business processes, it was classified into four types of participation: crowdsourcing, enjoyment, creation, and production. First, the crowdsourcing type is for citizens to provide information and materials during the planning stage of the cultural city project. Second, the enjoyment type is for citizens to participate in the project execution stage in the form of consuming and enjoying culture from a beneficiary position as educational programs and festivals. Third, the creative type is to provide decision-making authority in the project from the planning stage, such as a program recruiting planners, participants or an artist support project. Fourth, the production type is for citizens to participate in the project implementation stage to produce various results, as it provides a significant impact on completing the project with authority. This study will increase understanding of citizen participation methods in cultural city projects and serve as a foundation for follow-up research.

Risiko Proyek Konstruksi pada Tahap Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Jalan Tol (Studi Kasus: Proyek Pembangunan Jalan Tol Solo – Jogja)

The Solo – Jogja Toll Road Development Project is a large-scale project with a large potential risk, especially at the project implementation stage. This research aims to find risks, obtain the level of risk by conducting a risk assessment, and recommend control measures against possible risks. The research method used in this study is HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control). Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 30 respondents using a questionnaire based on certain criteria. The testing of this research instrument is in the form of validity and reliability tests using SPSS. In this research, 5 risk groups were identified during the implementation stage of the Solo - Jogja Toll Road Construction Project, including project risk, technical risk, natural risk, human risk, and occupational health and safety risk. The results of the analysis explained that the project has a risk range from low to high levels. The risk included in the high-level category is the risk of damage to roads around the project due to heavy equipment, such as dump trucks, project materials carriers, and trucks mixer. The risk can be minimized by creating a safe project access road, so that project activities do not cause further damage to the road.

Pembuatan Pedoman Proses Rekruitmen dan Seleksi Berbasis Digital Booklet pada PT Ebiz Prima Nusa

Recruitment and selection processes Project planning and smart hiring are two things needed to obtain quality employees, namely employees who are smart, skilled, have competence, can work, are creative, and have high morality. However, in its implementation, the recruitment and selection process at PT Ebiz Prima Nusa has not been carried out effectively. Such as the absence of references, guidelines, or standardization when recruitment and selection are carried out. Based on this phenomenon, a project was developed to create media that can provide complete information in the form of a digital booklet regarding the recruitment and selection process at PT Ebiz Prima Nusa. The digital booklet created aims to serve as a guideline, direction, and reference for recruitment and selection activities. This project was made with qualitative methods for collecting data and processed with the interactive model method. The project design was carried out with the help of the Canva and Anyflip platforms so that the digital booklet could be created. The design stage is divided into three stages: pre-project implementation, project implementation, and post-project implementation. In the pre-project implementation stage, problem identification, a literature review, and needs interviews were conducted. Furthermore, the project implementation stage is also carried out in stages, starting with planning, information processing, searching for a digital booklet platform, design, development, testing, revision conducted by interviews with experts or lecturers, Forum Group Discussions (FGD) with employees who have been accepted at the testing stage, and interviews with HR, then ending with the publication stage. The last stage is post-implementation, which involves reviewing the impact of the project through a final interview. The final result of this project is a digital booklet that will be used as a guideline, direction, and reference for recruitment and selection activities at PT Ebiz Prima Nusa.

Comparative Analysis of the Implementation of Projects for the Modernization of Libraries in the Krasnoyarsk Territory

Libraries of the Krasnoyarsk Territory take part in the regional project “Libraries of the Future” and the national project “Culture” (the federal project “Cultural Environment” in terms of creating model municipal libraries). In 2015—2022, a network of 60 modern municipal libraries was launched in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (the regional project “Libraries of the Future” — 45 institutions, the national project “Culture” — 15). Both projects enable participants to create new conditions to carry out their activities. At the same time, they are an effective tool for the realization of the state cultural policy. The article describes in detail the stages of project implementation. A comparative analysis of the features and advantages of the ongoing projects (competitive conditions, methodological support, funding volumes, main items of expenditure) is given.The importance of the activity of libraries within the framework of the regional project “Libraries of the Future” and the national project “Culture” for creating the necessary conditions for the development of man and society was noted. Participation in the presented projects contributes to the improvement of library services, as evidenced by the growth of the main indicators of the institutions’ activities. The study presents the performance indicators of libraries before and after modernization, provides a comparative analysis of the efficiency of libraries (conventionally called “modernized” and “model”). The projects studied in this work are based on such concepts as “model” and “modernization”. The authors analyzed both directions of innovative development of libraries in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and concluded that the processes of creating model and modernized libraries, despite certain differences, affect each other.

Knowledge Management in the Ecolabnet Project: Practical and Theoretical Utilisation of Eco-innovations

The underlying objective of the paper is to analyse the process of managing theoretical and practical knowledge about eco-innovations, utilising it in ECOLABNET project. A network of project partners consisting of RDI institutions, Intermediary Organisations, and universities was established to promote exchange and dissemination of knowledge on eco-innovative solutions and services among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the countries of the Baltic Sea Region. The paper presented the principles applied in the knowledge management (KM) process within the project with a particular stress on the research conducted on the group of European SMEs form the Baltic Sea Region (BSR), first stage of ECOLABNET project implementation. The research provided much needed knowledge on the project’s beneficiaries – SMEs form the BSR region and facilitated the adjustment of the offer of the project consortium. Expert knowledge, eco-innovative products and services that have been provided by the network of partners assist SMEs in implementing and commercialising eco-innovative solutions. In this way they significantly contribute to practical application of sustainability principles by expanding the offer of project beneficiaries (SMEs) with environmentally-friendly products and services. In addition, the author also, highlights the advantages of a combined approach including expertise in the form of theoretical knowledge being supported by prototypes of eco-innovations. Their particular role in strengthening the eco-innovative capabilities of the entire network and the overall success of the project have been detailed as well.

Indian Railways: enhancing northeast connectivity with Half-Y connection

Research methodology The case has been developed as an illustrative case study using primary data. The data and images used for developing the case have been collected from the Alipurduar Division of Indian Railways with suitable permissions. The specific newspaper studies used in developing the case content have been referenced as footnotes on the relevant pages of the case study document. Case overview/synopsis Train operations in Alipurduar Division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of Indian Railways are difficult. The division provides the vital rail link between the northeast states and the rest of India. Railway lines in the Alipurduar Division pass through several forests with a significant elephant population. As an outcome of train–elephant conflicts, train operations on one of the railway lines operate under severe speed restrictions. Moreover, the region is known for heavy rainfall and thunderstorms for almost six months every year. For the Divisional Railway Manager (DRM), the protagonist of the case, this implied repeated congestion, traffic disruptions, inadvertent delays and lack of time for critical maintenance of the tracks. A solution was planned several years ago for creating an alternative path to de-congest the traffic; however, it ran into a roadblock due to land acquisition issues.With all these limitations, could a solution be found and implemented? How could it be executed?The case illustrates how a simple yet innovative solution was proposed by the DRM in 2015 and implemented in 2016.With this case, students will be able to understand the innovation process that is embedded within long-term infrastructure projects. The case will help students understand how innovation can take place even in the later stages of project implementation, and how simple and creative solutions can have a long-term impact. Complexity academic level The case can be used in graduate and executive education courses in General Management and in Public Policy Management. It can also be used in Doctoral-Level Programmes such as those taught to scholars pursuing Fellow Programme in Management. Since the case brings out elements of problem framing and critical thinking, the case can be used for courses in strategic management. Many professionals, particularly those working in large organizations dealing with large infrastructure projects, will identify with the DRM and the challenges faced by him.

КОМУНІКАЦІЙНА СКЛАДОВА ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОГО ПРОЄКТУ В УМОВАХ ЗАГРОЗ ТА РИЗИКІВ

Investment activity makes it possible to provide the enterprise with sources of economic benefits. But finding good investors is impossible without the ability to communicate or negotiate. Implementation of an investment project is a complex process that includes pre-investment, actual investment and post-investment stages. Therefore, it is important to understand what communicative competences are necessary for a business manager/owner in order to implement an investment project and establish close relations with investors in conditions of threats and risks. The purpose of the research is to study the role and importance of communications and communicative competence of managers in the process of ensuring and implementing investment projects of enterprises in conditions of threats and risks. In the process of carrying out the research, general scientific theoretical methods were used: the abstract-logical method - to make theoretical generalizations about the essence of the investment project and the stages of its implementation; generalization - for the formation of communicative competences that provide all stages of the implementation of an investment project. ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPR ISES ACCORD ING TO TYPES OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY Issue II (90), 2023 35 The article defines that the communicative competence of managers representing an investment project includes: the ability to communicate with people at different levels of the organization's structure: with subordinate employees, groups, units; outside the organization: with customers, suppliers, banks; investors; use of formalized communication at meetings, in the process of developing reports, proposals, presentation of business plans; use of informal communication in communicating with employees, consulting, getting to know investors; use of communication to search for information, control, participation in discussions; creation of contact bases of future investors, influence on other people. Based on the conducted research, three stages of investment project implementation were determined: pre-investment, investment and post-investment, and the proposed communicative competences that ensure their implementation. The proposed communicative competencies of the three stages of an investment project can form the basis of the basic competencies needed by modern business managers/executives for the implementation of their projects in conditions of threats and risks, and can also be modified, supplemented and improved depending on the type of activity of the enterprise, the competitive situation on the market, the period of implementation of the business project, etc.

Researchers' Knowledge About the Ethical Norms of National Natural Science Foundation of China Funded Medical Research:Current Status and Suggestions

Objective To understand the current status of Chinese medical researchers' knowledge regarding the ethical norms of the research involving humans or laboratory animals,and provide reference for further improving the ethics review norms. Methods The questionnaire method was employed to survey the applicants for the 2019 projects supported by the Department of Medical Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) about their knowledge of ethical requirements.Furthermore,the ethical supervision of the NSFC and affiliations at the project application and implementation stages was analyzed. Results The survey showed that 29.9% medical researchers were familiar with NSFC's ethical requirements for research involving human or laboratory animals.During the project application stage,59.0% affiliations adopted the simplified review method.Regarding the ethical supervison,95.5% medical researchers believed that the affiliations should fulfill the ethical supervision obligations and take relevant measures during the project implementation period.In addition,55.0% medical researchers fully agreed to discuss with the review experts about the ethical issues involved in the project. Conclusions The NSFC should establish rules and regulations to improve institutional management responsibilities and institutionalize the training about research ethics to comprehensively strengthening the training.Taking the management of research project ethics as a starting point,the NSFC should form a multi-party linkage between project funding and management and establish an accountability mechanism for ethics management.Furthermore,the NSFC should double the endeavors at the review of ethical issues during expert review and process management and attach importance to the research,judgment,and prevention of ethical risks.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MODERN LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

Preparing an economic assessment for the development of new oil and gas equity is an important task that affects many different design decisions. At the same time, at the early stages of project implementation, there are the greatest levers to increase their final economics, but unfortunately, the insufficient knowledge of the field does not allow making accurate forecasts.To obtain production profiles in such conditions, a simplified hydrodynamic model (HDM) is usually used, on which an analysis of the uncertainties of the input data is carried out. To do this, the ranges of change of the most significant parameters affecting the production are determined (porosity, permeability, PVT-properties of oil, etc.). Further, the set of production profiles for all possible variations of each uncertain parameter is averaged. At the same time, an increase in the number of variable parameters leads to an exponential increase in labor costs. Additional complexity in carrying out such calculations is created by the need to involve specialists of various profiles employees of the services of the chief geologist responsible for the design of the field development, and the chief engineer responsible for the well completion design. This makes it possible to consider both the potential of the reservoir and the limitations of surface infrastructure in the overall solution. The latter is critical for offshore fields, since oil platforms do not have the same flexibility in terms of modification as surface facilities.Offshore deposits are also of particular interest from the point of view of the need to replenish Russia's raw material base due to the depletion of more accessible onshore deposits in the medium term.In this way, the development of an engineering calculator for calculating the production profile for an oil platform is a complex but important task for the oil industry. This article presents the results of its formalization and solution.

Risk factors determination of enterprise external and internal environment during project implementation

A significant part of new enterprises of various forms of ownership and in different sectors of the economy ceases to exist within the first five years. This tendency to close enterprises indicates the need for strategic planning of enterprise development and the implementation of a risk factor identification, evaluation, and management process in the strategic management of enterprise development. The purpose of the research is to develop a methodological approach that would allow identifying the risk factors that may have the greatest impact at each life cycle stage of analysed project. To achieve the goal set within the framework of the research, structural and logical analysis, methods of systematisation, generalisation, scientific abstraction and hierarchy analysis were used. The article proposes methodological approach to determining the risk factors of enterprise external and internal environment, which makes it possible to identify the risk factors that have the greatest impact at each stage of the project life cycle. Mathematical models have been obtained which allow for the identification of those risk factors that can have the most negative impact (both in terms of frequency of occurrence and potential losses), which will enable the enterprise to increase the efficiency of managing these risks at all stages of project implementation. The impact of risk factors has been assessed in conditions of incomplete certainty and lack of sufficient statistical information. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of increasing the efficiency of using available resources in risk management processes. The proposed methodological approach can be used to assess the impact of project risks in a certain industry, which will increase the accuracy of the results obtained

Visual Programming - SCRATCH Technology

At the school level of general education, it is now very important for students to master the abilities of creative computer use, technological product building and practical application and integration into various academic areas. The national curriculum states that computer technology, information and communication technology, as well as digital literacy are widely seen as being completed at the elementary level of education (grades II–VI). The "Scratch Jumping Game Development" educational research project model, which is addressed in this article, relates to the field of computer technology and involves the development of algorithmic thinking, as well as the construction of a block-based visual programming code corresponding to the algorithm. The article provides a detailed explanation of the project model, its goals, objectives, implementation plans and evaluation criteria. Students' responsibilities during the course and at the end of the project are also outlined. In addition, the stages of project implementation and related activities are described as follows: 1) Getting to know the Scratch environment, 2) Getting acquainted with Scratch, 3) Building a "Jumping Game" model, 4) Scratch Jumping Game projects/piloting. games. The example resources provided in the article include links to the Scratch.mit.edu online portal, which allow readers to virtually view presentations created by teachers and students and participate in interactive activities.The article is supplemented with conclusions drawn as a result of observation and research, as well as the results of student surveys conducted within the framework of the project, which testify to the effectiveness of the project and the merits of teaching visual programming.