Class Project Research Articles

A bijection theorem for Gorenstein projective τ-tilting modules

We introduce the notions of Gorenstein projective [Formula: see text]-rigid modules, Gorenstein projective support [Formula: see text]-tilting modules and Gorenstein torsion pairs and give a Gorenstein analog to Adachi–Iyama–Reiten’s bijection theorem on support [Formula: see text]-tilting modules. More precisely, for an algebra [Formula: see text], we prove that there is a bijection between the set of Gorenstein projective support [Formula: see text]-tilting modules and the set of functorially finite Gorenstein projective torsion classes. As an application, we introduce the notion of CM-[Formula: see text]-tilting finite algebras and show that [Formula: see text] is CM-[Formula: see text]-tilting finite if and only if [Formula: see text] is CM-[Formula: see text]-tilting finite. Moreover, we show that the Bongartz completion of a Gorenstein projective [Formula: see text]-rigid module need not be a Gorenstein projective [Formula: see text]-tilting module.

Cross-class alliances and the rise of electric vehicles in Dublin

The role of transportation in producing greenhouse gas emissions and other harmful pollutants has led governments across the globe to incorporate electric vehicles (EVs) at the centre of their climate action strategies. In turn, critical geographers have directed attention to the role of EVs in driving resource extractivism in geographies outside of the city and in enclosing urban space at the expense of infrastructures such as bus lanes, cycleways and walkable spaces. Less well charted, however, is the odd structure of class relations involved in the formation of new accumulation strategies, spaces and fixes capable of holding together, for a time at least, some of the tensions emerging from the chaotic unfolding of EVs and associated infrastructures in cities. In the following paper, I shine a light on the role of EV users in Dublin, Ireland, who pursue and forge novel cross-class alliances with automobile firms in an effort to promote EVs and cement private and commercial automobility as the core of the decarbonization agenda. I argue for the need to conceptualise the decarbonizing action of EV users as part of a wider class project intended to enrol wealthier users in a push to alter the city and produce uneven pathways of decarbonization.

Flexible, classic and hybrid project management methodologies: advantages and disadvantages

The purpose of the work. Nowadays, competition in the market is increasing, which requires organizations to ensure advanced positions for survival. As practice shows, project management method is one of the most demanded and effective management methods. This study aims to examine the efficacy of flexible project management methodologies by contrasting them with conventional methodologies and evaluating the feasibility of integrating them into a hybrid methodology.Methods and Materials: The complex, systemic and comparative approaches are the methodological basis of the study and are mainly based on methods of analysis and systematization.Results: The article describes the analysis of the most demanding flexible project management methods. Each method has its own characteristics and specific criteria for comparison. Moreover, a comparison between flexible and traditional project management approaches was carried out, and the concept of method hybridization was introduced to integrate diverse methodologies at distinct phases of the project.Conclusion: The choice of project management methodology depends on many conditions, such as the complexity of the task, the presence of an experienced team and methodology of its work, the established interaction with the customer, and many other details. Each of them shows its effectiveness under different conditions. Using a hybrid methodology that combines the advantages of different methods allows them to be applied in practice in project management.

On a Projective Class of Finsler Metrics by Warped Product

On a Projective Class of Finsler Metrics by Warped Product

EFL SPEAKING STUDENT READINESS TO USE MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING

In recent years, mobile-assisted language learning has been on the rise as an instructional approach. While some innovative media platforms have been highly studied, Thus, this study focused on how students' readiness and learning outcomes the use of mobile phones to facilitate individualized instruction in public speaking as part of an English as a Foreign Language course. Data were collected from (n=42) students in non-English department classes who participated in this study. They were asked to answer an online questionnaire that surveyed their readiness and outcomes using Google Foam in their speaking skills. All participants performed two class projects aimed at aiding them in exploring mobile-assisted language learning using their own mobile devices. However, the students self-reported some opportunities and benefits for English Foreign Language Learners (EFLL) among these MALL users. The results of this study suggest that EFL-speaking students' readiness affects mobile-assisted language learning. Teachers should consider students' motivation, attitudes, and technology skills when creating mobile-assisted language learning programs. Instructors should also train and motivate pupils to use mobile-assisted language learning resources by improving their technology skills. Furthermore, need for further technical support and facilitating students' mastery of speaking performance.

The differential graded Verlinde formula and the Deligne Conjecture

AbstractA modular category gives rise to a differential graded modular functor, that is, a system of projective mapping class group representations on chain complexes. This differential graded modular functor assigns to the torus the Hochschild chain complex and, in the dual description, the Hochschild cochain complex of . On both complexes, the monoidal product of induces the structure of an ‐algebra, to which we refer as the differential graded Verlinde algebra. At the same time, the modified trace induces on the tensor ideal of projective objects in a Calabi–Yau structure so that the cyclic Deligne Conjecture endows the Hochschild cochain and chain complex of with a second ‐structure. Our main result is that the action of a specific element in the mapping class group of the torus transforms the differential graded Verlinde algebra into this second ‐structure afforded by the Deligne Conjecture. This result is established for both the Hochschild chain and the Hochschild cochain complex of . In general, these two versions of the result are inequivalent. In the case of Hochschild chains, we obtain a block diagonalization of the Verlinde algebra through the action of the mapping class group element . In the semisimple case, both results reduce to the Verlinde formula. In the non‐semisimple case, we recover after restriction to zeroth (co)homology earlier proposals for non‐semisimple generalizations of the Verlinde formula.

Transversal families of nonlinear projections and generalizations of Favard length

Projections detect information about the size, geometric arrangement, and dimension of sets. To approach this, one can study the energies of measures supported on a set and the energies for the corresponding pushforward measures on the projection side. For orthogonal projections, quantitative estimates rely on a separation condition: most points are well-differentiated by most projections. It turns out that this idea also applies to a broad class of nonlinear projection-type operators satisfying a \textit{transversality condition}. In this work, we establish that several important classes of nonlinear projections are transversal. This leads to quantitative lower bounds for decay rates for nonlinear variants of Favard length, including Favard curve length (as well as a new generalization to higher dimensions, called Favard surface length) and visibility measurements associated to radial projections. As one application, we provide a simplified proof for the decay rate of the Favard curve length of generations of the four corner Cantor set, first established by Cladek, Davey, and Taylor.

A hybrid projection/data-driven reduced order model for the Navier-Stokes equations with nonlinear filtering stabilization

We develop a Reduced Order Model (ROM) for the Navier-Stokes equations with nonlinear filtering stabilization. Our approach, that can be interpreted as a Large Eddy Simulation model, combines a three-step algorithm called Evolve-Filter-Relax (EFR) with a computationally efficient finite volume method. The main novelty of our ROM lies in the use within the EFR algorithm of a nonlinear, deconvolution-based indicator function that identifies the regions of the domain where the flow needs regularization. The ROM we propose is a hybrid projection/data-driven strategy: a classical Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Galerkin projection approach for the reconstruction of the velocity and the pressure fields and a data-driven reduction method to approximate the indicator function used by the nonlinear differential filter. This data-driven technique is based on interpolation with Radial Basis Functions. We test the performance of our ROM approach on two benchmark problems: 2D and 3D unsteady flow past a cylinder at Reynolds number 0≤Re≤100. The accuracy of the ROM is assessed against results obtained with the full order model for velocity, pressure, indicator function and time evolution of the aerodynamics coefficients.

Diagnosis of Rural Development Processes Based on the Stock of Social Capital and Social Networks: Approach from E-I Index

Europe’s rural areas have suffered a continuous loss of human and economic capital from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day. In an attempt to alleviate the effects of this dynamic, the European Union has implemented the LEADER rural development programme since the 1990s (Liaisons Entre Actions de Développement de L’Economie Rurale). Among the many objectives of this policy, the social articulation of its populations stood out as a way of strengthening development processes. This article aims to provide a methodological approach to analyse and quantify the stock of social capital (SC) present in the social networks of rural areas after more than thirty years of European rural policy. Based on 160 interviews with stakeholders linked to rural development processes in rural areas of Spain and England from institutional, economic, social and technical sectors. The methodological approach of Social Network Analysis (SNA) has been used, and within this, the study of SNA indicators and the analysis of the E-I index have been integrated in order to analyse the stock of internal (bonding) and external (bridging) SC. The conclusions of this study clarify the role of stakeholders and their contribution to the stock of SC. The studied rural areas present a balance in internal and external relations, which shows a high stock of SC and an encouraging scenario for the development processes and, thus, for the success of the LEADER programme. Nevertheless, the participation of the actors in the LEADER programme in Spain still shows a worrying project class.

Complicated Time-Constrained Project Scheduling Problems in Water Conservancy Construction

Water conservancy project scheduling is an extension to the classic resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). It is limited by special time constraints called “forbidden time windows” during which certain activities cannot be executed. To address this issue, a specific RCPSP model is proposed, and an approach is designated for it which incorporates both a priority rule-based heuristic algorithm to obtain an acceptable solution, and a hybrid genetic algorithm to further improve the quality of the solution. In the genetic algorithm, we introduce a new crossover operator for the forbidden time window and adopt double justification and elitism strategies. Finally, we conduct simulated experiments on a project scheduling problem library to compare the proposed algorithm with other priority-rule based heuristics, and the results demonstrate the superiority of our algorithm.

Song Lyrics Translation Project in Translation Class

This study intends to describe the procedure of implementing a song lyrics translation project as a learning method in translation class and students' responses to this project. This research used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The sample of this research is 27 students who take a translation class in the 2022/2023 academic year. This study used a questionnaire as an instrument for collecting data. The results show that the song lyrics translation project was implemented in six steps, 1. Project explanation; 2. Song selection; 3. Translating by semantic translation method; 4. Translating by free translation method; 5. Presentation; 6. Evaluation. Then, from the questionnaire results, although this project is labeled as having high difficulties, there are many benefits to this project. For example, this project has a high contribution to developing students' Japanese skills, especially when it comes to vocabulary and grammar, and this song lyrics translation project become an enjoyable class activity because students have a high interest in this project. In conclusion, regarding the result, the song lyrics translation project is one feasible learning method that can be used in translation class.

Demand Forecasting for Improved Inventory Management in Small and Medium-Sized Businesses

Small and medium-sized businesses are constantly seeking new methods to increase productivity across all service areas in response to increasing consumer demand. Research has shown that inventory management significantly affects regular operations, particularly in providing the best customer relationship management (CRM) service. Demand forecasting is a popular inventory management solution that many businesses are interested in because of its impact on day-to-day operations. However, no single forecasting approach outperforms under all scenarios, so examining the data and its properties first is necessary for modeling the most accurate forecasts. This study provides a preliminary comparative analysis of three different machine learning approaches and two classic projection methods for demand forecasting in small and medium-sized leathercraft businesses. First, using K-means clustering, we attempted to group products into three clusters based on the similarity of product characteristics, using the elbow method's hyperparameter tuning. This step was conducted to summarize the data and represent various products into several categories obtained from the clustering results. Our findings show that machine learning algorithms outperform classic statistical approaches, particularly the ensemble learner XGB, which had the least RMSE and MAPE scores, at 55.77 and 41.18, respectively. In the future, these results can be utilized and tested against real-world business activities to help managers create precise inventory management strategies that can increase productivity across all service areas.

Transcriptomic cell type structures in vivo neuronal activity across multiple timescales

Cell type is hypothesized to be a key determinant of a neuron's role within a circuit. Here, we examine whether a neuron's transcriptomic type influences the timing of its activity. We develop a deep-learning architecture that learns features of interevent intervals across timescales (ms to >30min). We show that transcriptomic cell-class information is embedded in the timing of single neuron activity in the intact brain of behaving animals (calcium imaging and extracellular electrophysiology) as well as in a bio-realistic model of the visual cortex. Further, a subset of excitatory cell types are distinguishable but can be classified with higher accuracy when considering cortical layer and projection class. Finally, we show that computational fingerprints of cell types may be universalizable across structured stimuli and naturalistic movies. Our results indicate that transcriptomic class and type may be imprinted in the timing of single neuron activity across diverse stimuli.

Measuring and analyzing sound using phone microphone and free software

In Fall 2022 acoustics class, the students developed class projects using their smart phones to measure sound. In a laboratory exercise, the phones were calibrated against a standard microphone. A microphone circuit was bread boarded and calibrated to demonstrate the inner workings of electret microphone technology. Students developed projects around the measurement of sound, including measuring striking a cymbal, analyzing piano chords, analyzing guitar chords, characterizing reverberation time in a warehouse, and determining the amplification from a 3D printed human ear and bat ear. The sound files from the phone were edited to isolate the relevant sound and converted to WAV files using Garageband software. The WAV files were imported into Python for post-processing, such as windowing, filtering, and FFT. Most projects used a waterfall plot to demonstrate some time-frequency analysis. The ease with which the students mastered sound measurement and processing led to unexpectedly mature projects. The low cost of the equipment makes this approach a widely deployable educational paradigm.

Making group-work work: Navigating conflict and encouraging collaborative revision

Group work, especially for comprehensive class projects, is ubiquitous in higher education, yet despised by many students. In college, many students simply do not learn how to interact when in groups and how to collaborate effectively. Furthermore, by limiting student assessment of group work solely to a final project grade, students do not have the opportunity to collaboratively reflect on feedback and revise. Inspired by the massive failure of group comprehensive projects in my bioacoustics course, I will share tips I learned to navigate intra-group conflict, provide students with critical feedback on work at 3 key periods throughout the course, encourage collaborative revision, and engage with other groups via peer feedback.

Response to: Comment on The AI and I: A Collaboration on Competence.

We thank the authors for their thoughtful comments on the present and future use of artificial intelligence in surgery.1 As they creatively demonstrated in their letter written by Open AI GPT-3 chatbot (ChatGPT), some AI technology performance has become very difficult to distinguish from human performance. It has even been reported that ChatGPT could likely pass the United States Medical Licensing Exam and the Bar Exam.2 The rapid rise of ChatGPT use has led to debates and uncertainty in numerous fields. For example, some educators are concerned that it will facilitate cheating. Others have embraced it. In an interview with National Public Radio, Dr. Ethan Mollick, Associate Professor of Management at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, stated that he not only allowed, but even required his students to use ChatGPT to facilitate ideas for class projects. He noted that use of AI is analogous to using a calculator to do math.3 “I think everybody is cheating…So what I’m asking students to do is just be honest with me.” Although the direct applications of ChatGPT to surgical care may be limited in the sense that it cannot perform operations, the impact that ChatGPT and similar technology will have on academic publishing is unknown. Will journals and publishers prohibit ChatGPT from being used? Will they use technology, some of which has already been developed, to identify and “root out” ChatGPT text?4 Conversely, will they take Dr. Mollick’s approach and welcome ChatGPT use and require disclosure? Cheating and plagiarism have always been challenges in academia and publishing. ChatGPT raises new questions about the process and traditional approach to applied intellect. With new technology that can generate high level, authentic appearing writing, publishers and journal editors will need to develop new strategies and standards for what is considered original or novel content. Of note, ChatGPT was not used to write this.

Exploring the Method and Value of Public Art Education Through Class Examples: Focusing on New Genre Public Art Project Classes

뉴장르 공공미술이 국내외에서 활발히 전개되고 있는 것과는 다르게 학교에서의 공공미술교육은 활성화되어 있지 못하다. 학교공공미술교육이 부진한 원인으로 교사의 전문성 부족과 적절한 공공미술 교수·학습 방법의 부재를 꼽을 수 있는데, 교사의 전문성 향상을 위해서는 교사를 위한 공공미술 재교육이 시행되어야 하고 공공미술 교수·학습 방법 마련을 위해서는 학교에서 공공미술 수업 실행 연구가 지속해서 이루어져야 한다. 이러한 배경과 필요성에 따라 본 연구에서는 공공미술교육의 중점 요소를 제시하고 공공미술교육의 방법과 가치를 탐색하고자 한다. 문헌 연구와 공공미술 프로젝트 수업 사례를 통해 학교공공미술교육의 중점 요소로 토의, 협업, 공동체, 주제, 프로젝트 학습을 추출하였고 학생 참여 중심의 공공미술 프로젝트 수업모형을 고안할 수 있었다. 또한 학생이 작성한 수업 일지와 교사 면담으로 공공미술 프로젝트 수업이 미술 교과에 대한 흥미와 참여도를 높일 뿐만 아니라 사고력과 공동체 의식 함양에도 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 알게 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 공공미술교육의 필요성과 가치가 재조명되고 학교 현장에서 공공미술 수업이 활성화될 수 있기를 기대한다.New genre public art is actively developed, but public art education in schools is not active. The reason for the sluggishness of public art education in schools is the lack of expertise in public art education by teachers and the lack of public art teaching and learning methods. In order to prepare public art teaching and learning methods, research on public art classes must be continuously conducted in schools. This study aims to present the key elements of public art education and explore the methods and values of public art education through examples of public art classes. By analyzing the cases of public art project classes, discussion, collaboration, community, subject, and PBL were extracted as the key elements of school public art education, and a public art project teaching model centered on student participation was devised. Through class diaries written by students and interviews with teachers, it was found that public art project classes not only increase interest in art, but also have a positive effect on thinking ability and relationships. Through this study, it is hoped that the value of public art education will be re-illuminated and public art education will be revitalized.

An Observation Study on the Experience of University Students in Project Learning

Social expectations for the development of sustainable core competencies of learners require innovative changes in teaching and learning methods in university education. Project learning enables proactive and cooperative learning so that meaningful learning can take place in preparation for real situations in which learners face unpredictable situations and those involving complex problems. This study focuses on these team project classes, analyzes the contextual behavioral aspects of actual learners during the learning process of team project classes conducted in universities, and examines their characteristics. As a result, the study confirmed that the process of discussion among students to define the purpose of the project activity is a learning process in itself. It is also serves as an extension of their perspective that goes beyond the scope of their experience through their interactions, rather than the application or utilization of learned knowledge. In addition, unlike the general expectation that cooperative interaction will be based on consensus, agreement, and active communication, the cooperative process of students discussing the subject and direction of the project outcome is conducted through tacit recognition of individual differences and agreement on these differences. Moreover, through actual experience, students reflected on the need to focus on the meaning that was missing due to common sense and conventional wisdom, and which goes beyond the logic of identity confined within the range of ordinary experience that was the basis of prediction. Through this, they were able to make progress in redefining the problem. Finally, the study confirmed that the instructor's feedback, which was implemented during the actual project activity process, can function as a tool and and as leverage in the process of the students' problem-solving abilities by supporting the problem-solving that occurred in real situations, unlike in general knowledge. It is expected that the results of this study will contribute to the vitalization of team project learning as basic research material to determine what kind of experiences are possible for actual learners in the team project learning process.

Integrated Project in Separation Process Class as Innovative Tool to Improve Students’ Online Learning Experience

Implementation of integrated project in chemical engineering courses has shown positive impact on students’ understanding, teamwork, critical thinking, and communication. In this case, an integrated project covering three different courses in chemical engineering, namely Reaction engineering, Process modelling and simulation, and Separation process was formulated on palm-oil based biodiesel production and introduced to students. The response from questionnaire was recorded and analyzed by using Excel software. More than 90% of students agree that the project helps them to understand the course and prepare for test or exam. While more than 70% of students want to see this type of project for other courses. Majority of students think that collaboration and teamwork help them to finish the project and doing integrated project saves their time to do assessment. Beside improving their soft skill like critical thinking, students can also sharpen their technical skills in solving the problems, especially on process flow drawing, operation of simulation tool, calculation technique, and search for suitable information and data. Through this integrated project, students could explore the connection among courses in Chemical Engineering program and implement the taught concepts in solving engineering problem, which can be challenging things to achieve during online learning.

Developing Testable Hypotheses of Anthropogenic Stress: Some Approaches That Work

Conservation Paleobiology (CPB) has many aims, but ultimately depends upon our uncovering, for a target region, the history of environmental pressures and history of biological change, particularly biological change that signifies a response to anthropogenic stress: this is how we detect and correctly attribute deterioration, how we design and evaluate recovery, and how we ultimately assess resilience and sustainability. The focus of concern might be a single taxon of economic or other particular value, or larger-scale changes in biomass, taxonomic or phylogenetic diversity, or trophic complexity. One of the biggest challenges for natural scientists can be building the requisite history of cultural stressors – i.e., uncovering the diverse economic, industrial, social, and regulatory activities that might have affected the system. Such information is commonly not accessible via the Web of Science; it can be extremely important but qualitative or can be quantitative but highly variable in units or methods of measurement; and, with the exception of data on commercial harvesting (e.g., fishing, logging) and human population size, useful time-series are scarce. The CPB scientist thus typically needs to compile their own, original history of human activities having potential to affect natural systems, either to evaluate the (paleo)biological data that they already have on hand (from biomonitoring, live-dead analysis, sedimentary cores) or to frame a new campaign of data collection. Here, I describe approaches to finding and merging cultural data that have worked both for research and for class projects, using two coastal marine examples: (1) testing the effects of historical over-fishing (meta-analyses from the early 2000s), and (2) the unexpected role of land-use in the collapse of the open-shelf benthic ecosystem of southern California.