Calculation Program Research Articles

Molecular Docking, Simulation Against SARS-COV-2, Theoretical Study (DFT) and Superoxide Anion Scavenging by Cyclic Voltammetry of 2-Hydroxyphenyl Imino Naphthalen-2-ol

The simulation in terms of enzymatic activity and the estimation of the process transfer of electronic active sites of the synthesized compound: 2-hydroxyphenyl imino naphthalen-2-ol (Schiff basis) required the use of valuable calculation programs such as the docking, for which we used the Arguslab program and the Gaussian endowed to the calculation of the functional density theory of the molecule studied. And as the experimental study designed under difficult, costly or sometimes impossible conditions, the docking program simulates the molecular binding of the protein target with the ligand, which can reveal the arrangement of the hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds that link the active sites and the ligand; it is an economical step in terms of time and money that can lead to the selectivity of the product of interest in drug manufacturing. In this context, we are currently focused on the study of the inhibitory effect of this molecule with the enzyme (6lu7) fighting against covid-19, and have compared it to the drug chloroquine. The obtained results show that the calculated Gibbs free energy with protease is -9.215 Kcal/mol, which is almost more inhibiting than chloroquine (-7.2652 Kcal/mol). The DFT method allowed us to estimate that the potentially positive sites easily cede an electron when they are brought into contact with oxidizing species during the reduction reaction. The study of the superoxide anion scavenging activity via this product is performed practically by electrochemical way, the Gibbs standard energy (-16.9022 KJ/mol) explains that the reaction can spontaneously form very stable inactive species with the oxidizing ion.

Simulation of a new process of mixing liquid metal in CCM mold with rotating cooling jacket with vertical ribs

The article proposes a new technology of filling the CCM mold with liquid metal and mixing it. The original patented device consists of a closed bottom nozzle and a rotating jacket. Experimental studies of liquid metal flow in a mold are long, complex and time-consuming, therefore, in the work was used mathematical modeling by numerical method. The objects of research are the hydrodynamic and thermal flows of liquid metal during the new process of steel casting into a CCM mold of rectangular cross-section, and the result is a spatial mathematical model that describes the flows and temperatures of liquid metal in the mold. To simulate the processes occurring during the metal flow in the mold, the authors used a specially crea­ted software package. The theoretical calculations are based on the fundamental equations of hydrodynamics, the equations of mathematical physics (equation of thermal conductivity taking into account mass transfer) and a proven numerical method. The area under study is divided into elements of finite dimensions, for each element a formulated system of equations is written in a difference form. The result is the velocity and temperature fields of the metal flow in the mold volume. According to the developed numerical schemes and algorithms, a calculation program was compiled. The paper considers an example of calculating the steel casting into a mold of rectangular cross-section and flow diagrams of liquid metal over various mold sections. Vector flows of liquid metal in various mold sections are clearly presented for different rotary speed of the rotating jacket. The authors identified the areas of intense turbulence and presented the results of the problem numerical solution in graphical form by diagrams of the velocity fields of liquid metal flows and their temperature over various mold sections.

Pikoe: A computer program for distorted-wave impulse approximation calculation for proton induced nucleon knockout reactions

pikoe, Proton-Induced KnockOut reaction calculation for Exclusive processes, is a Fortran 90 program that calculates triple- and quadruple-differential cross sections, vector analyzing powers, and momentum distributions of reaction residues, for proton-induced nucleon knockout reactions in normal and inverse kinematics. The distorted-wave impulse approximation with the factorization approximation to the nucleon-nucleon transition matrix is adopted, and the distorted waves of the incoming proton and the outgoing two nucleons are calculated quantum mechanically. Kinematics of the reaction particles are treated in a relativistic manner, which gives the proper asymptotics of the three-body scattering wave in the plane-wave limit. Program summaryProgram Title: pikoeCPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/m594h58kck.1Licensing provisions: MITProgramming language: Fortran 90Supplementary material: See https://www.rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp/~kazuyuki/pikoe/index.phpNature of problem: Calculation of triple- and quadruple-differential cross sections, vector analyzing powers, and momentum distributions of reaction residues, for nucleon knockout reactions with proton beams/targets in normal/inverse kinematics.Solution method: Numerov method for solving single-channel second-order differential equations; multi dimensional integration with the Gauss-Legendre quadrature rule.Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features: The global optical potential by Koning and Deraloche [1] for nucleons at energies from 1 keV to 200 MeV, for (near-)spherical nuclei with mass number between 24 and 209, is implemented in the program. Tables of nucleon-nucleon (NN) elastic differential cross sections and NN transition amplitudes calculated with the NN effective interaction by Franey and Love [2] are provided as external files for pikoe (included in the package). Users are encouraged to prepare tables for the optical potentials and the cross sections of the elementary process according to the reaction system of interest by themselves. With external files thus prepared, pikoe can be applied to various kinds of knockout processes such as α or deuteron knockout by proton, α-induced knockout reactions, etc. Calculation of spin observables, the vector analyzing power in fact, however, is restricted to nucleon-induced nucleon knockout processes with the coplanar kinematics.

Aynı anma gerilimlerine sahip farklı iletkenlerden oluşan yüksek gerilim kabloları üzerine bir araştırma

Aluminum and copper conductors are commonly used in the transport of energy. In this work, high-voltage cables occurring aluminum and copper conductors exposed to the same rated voltage values were analyzed. In order to obtain the same current carrying capacity for copper and aluminum conductors, the relationship between the cross-sections has been determined and then the most appropriate cross-sectional values for each conductor were identified. Three different cross-sectional values have been selected for each conductor type and the calculations for the cables were carried out by using the Cable Ampacity Calculations Program (CYMCAP) within the framework of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards. The performance of the cables has been compared in terms of material losses, cable structures and the cable costs. It is seen from the simulation results that aluminum conductor cables have lower cost and higher electrical loses than the copper conductor cables.

Nearly zero energy building design and optimization: A residential building transformation in Türkiye

In this study, the energy performance analysis of a representative residential building located in Izmir, Turkey, was carried out, utilizing the DesignBuilder energy simulation program. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are modeled as detailed in Design Builder in order to consider parameters such as thermal properties of materials, duct layout and airflow dynamics of the system in detail in the analysis. The technical and economic analysis of transforming the building into a nearly zero energy building (NZEB) was performed for eight different retrofit scenarios, including passive and active energy efficiency measures. The most effective scenario, Scenario 8 (S8), reduced the building's annual net primary energy consumption by 96.08% to 7.45 kWh/m²/year. S8's annual CO2 emissions decreased by 100.07% compared with the reference scenario, resulting in −0.042 kg CO2/m²/year. The overall energy performance class of the building was determined using Turkey's national calculation program for the preparation of the energy identity certificate. The energy performance class of the reference building was determined as D, and the class of the building designed according to S8 as A. Investment evaluations were carried out for the retrofit scenarios, revealing that the investment cost for S8, having the lowest net primary energy consumption, amounted to USD 17,565.87. This finding establishes S8 as a more financially viable option in the short term. This study demonstrates the potential of NZEBs in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving sustainable development goals.

Geant4 implementation of axial channeling radiation in classical description

The progress in developing a C++ module for simulation of channeling radiation in Geant4 using classical description is being discussed. The created module is built into Geant4 as a discrete set of physical processes, which allows combining it with other physical processes of Geant4. The direct simulation of CR in Geant4 allows describing devices such as, e. g. positron sources, without using external programs for CR calculation. In previous version, the module was capable to simulate only planar channeling radiation. In this paper, the implementation of axial channeling radiation in Geant4 is shown. The module now simulates both planar and axial channeling radiation from ultra-relativistic electrons channeled in Si, C, Ge and W single crystals. The simulation results are compared with available experimental data.

First-Principles Calculations of the Optical Spectra of Uranium Ions in Oxide Crystals

Recently U6+-doped phosphors are attracting attentions as potential green phosphors for the white LED application. However, the origins of the peaks in the optical spectra in some U-doped phosphors have not been clarified yet. For the development of the novel uranium phosphors, detailed analysis of the absorption and emission mechanisms of these materials is indispensable.In this study, we have performed the first-principles electronic structure calculations of U in oxide crystals using the relativistic discrete-variational multi-electron (DVME) code which is a configuration-interaction calculation program based on the four-component fully relativistic wave functions obtained by the relativistic discrete-variational Xα (DV-Xα) molecular orbital method. The optical spectra due to the charge transfer transitions of U6+ in oxides were calculated using the explicitly obtained many-electron wave functions. For comparison, the 5f-6d transitions of U3+ in oxide crystals were also calculated and the influence of the valency was investigated. The theoretical spectra were compared with the experimental spectra and the origins of the peaks were clarified based on the configuration analysis of the corresponding relativistic many-electron wave functions.

Improving Cycling Electrochemical Performance of P2-Type Na2/3Mn2/3Ni1/3O2 by Controlling Its Crystallinity

1. IntroductionNa2/3Mn2/3Ni1/3O2 with P2-type structure is a positive electrode material for the sodium ion battery with relatively high reversible capacity of 170 mAh/g and average potential of 3.6 V (vs. Na/Na+). On the other hand, it is known that there is a problem in cycle stability due to the P2-O2 phase transition associated with Na insertion/removal and the structural change caused by O2 desorption at the high state of charge. In this study, we focus on the crystallinity of the layered structure to improve the electrochemical property of P2-type Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 .The effect of crystallinity on the electrochemical property of the P2-Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 was explored using the ball milling approach. 2. ExperimentsThe Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 was prepared by mixing NaOH, Mn2O3, and Ni(OH)2 in a molar ratio of 2 : 2 : 1 and firing at 950°C for 3 h in air (sintered sample). The sintered sample was ball-milled with 4 mmφ ZrO2 balls in an 80 ml ZrO2 vial using a planetary ball mill (Fritsch, P-6) at 500 rpm for 2 h to obtain a sample with low crystallinity (milled sample). The resulting samples was mixed with Ketjen black and PTFE at a weight ratio of 84:8:8, and the sheet was pressed onto an Al mesh to form an electrode. The electrodes were dried under vacuum at 220 °C for 5 hours, and then half-cells were assembled using Na foil as the counter electrode and 1M NaPF6/EC-DEC as the electrolyte to evaluate electrode characteristics. The cell was galvanostatically charged and discharged using a BLS5500 (Keisokuki Center) with a current density of 10 mA g−1, in which the denominator represents the mass of the active material in the positive electrode. The crystal structure of the samples was evaluated using XRD (Rigaku UltimaIV, Cu K-α), XAS (BL14B2 at SPring-8, BL-11, Ritsumeikan SR center), X-ray total scattering measurement (SPring-8, BL22XU, 70 keV) and TEM. In addition, the electronic structure was investigated using the first-principles calculation program (VASP) based on density functional theory.3. Results and DiscussionFig. 1 shows XRD of Na2/3(Mn2/3Ni1/3)O2 after calcination and ball milling. The sintered sample showed a diffraction pattern attributed to the P2 structure, but the milled sample showed a broad profile and the detailed crystal structure could not be identified. However, a peak in the 002 plane around 2θ = 16° could be confirmed, and from the results of TEM observation and PDF analysis, it is considered that the milled sample also has a layered structure.Fig. 2 shows a comparison of charge-discharge profiles and cycle characteristics. In the charge-discharge profile of the sintered sample, potential flat areas due to Na ordering and P2-O2 phase transition can be observed, but that for the milled sample, these potential flat areas are not observed and the profile is on a slope, which indicates that the crystallinity degradation due to milling suppresses structural changes during the charge-discharge process. The initial charge-discharge capacities of the milled samples were 146 and 141 mAh/g, respectively, which were smaller than those of the calcined samples (175 and 146 mAh/g, respectively), indicating that the milling process did not significantly affect the Na insertion/desorption characteristics. Comparing the cycle characteristics shown in Fig. 2, the discharge capacity of the milled sample maintained more than 80% while the sintered sample deteriorated to the 37% of the initial capacity after 50 cycles, confirming that the milling treatment was effective in improving cycle characteristics.Detailed mechanism of the milling effect and redox process will be discussed in the presentation. Figure 1

Модель региональной транспортной сети для построения рациональных мультимодальных маршрутов пассажирских перевозок

Purpose: Adaptation of methods of constructing models of transport networks for the development of rational multimodal routes of regional passenger transportation, as well as the creation of a software product for the practical implementation of the proposed algorithms. Methods: Mathematical modeling; graph theory for solving regional transportation problems with construction of two-level oriented weighted multigraphs; Analysis of existing algorithms for optimizing the search for graph solutions; Dijkstra’s algorithm. Results: The model of the regional passenger transport network has been implemented in the form of a calculation program developed by the authors. In this program, the schedule of the movement of all transport points under consideration is the initial data, and the result is the construction of rational multimodal routes. The calculation program is compiled from several modules that implement the following functionality in general: reading input data from files; the formation of an array of connections for the problems under consideration; search for a rational solution and output of the received data while saving it to the file. The optimization criterion when choosing a route can be the minimum travel time, distance, or cost of the trip, depending on the task and input data provided. The resulting array of data with the results has been further analyzed using the MS Excel table editor. This approach is selected due to sufficient flexibility when performing a variety of data analysis and the convenience of graphic presentation of the results. Practical significance: The development of rational multimodal routes, relevant primarily for cases of abrupt changes in transport relations, in which the extrapolation methods of existing passenger flow do not provide reliable forecast data. Justification of the adjustment of the schedules of regional passenger routes based on the results of the analysis of the demand and the load of their specific segments.

COMPARISON OF PARTITION COEFFICIENT (LOG P) OF DRUGS: COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA STUDY

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of the Log P calculation program (OSIRIS®, SCF bio®, Molinspiration®, ALOGPS 2.1®, Molsoft®, ACD/logP ®, PkCSM ®, and Swiss ADME ®) comparing it with the Log P value from the experimental results of the partition coefficient between n-octanol-water (Log P exp) taken from journals and databases.
 Methods: The predicted results of the computational Log P as the independent variable and the experimental Log P as the dependent variable then the data were analyzed statistically with the SPSS program to find the best correlation.
 Results: In this study, the result shows that the applications that have the best correlation with the experimental Log P are ACDlogP, MolLogP, and ALOGPS, with successive results of the R square are 0.928, 0.921, and 0.907, respectively. The results of this correlation are expressed by positive results and high-degree correlations are obtained.
 Conclusion: This result suggests that the Log P calculation program (ACDlogP, MolLogP, and ALOGPS) has a good correlation with the experimental Log P value in determining the lipophilicity of the compound.

Simulation of distributed network elements in CAS MAXIMA and server online calculations in the educational process

Pressure pipelines are an important part of the water management infrastructure. Water supply networks pump the liquid to the consumer with the help of pumps (or supply it from a water tower) to specified points. The functioning of the entire urban infrastructure depends on the correct calculation and reliable operation of these areas. This paper shows the implementation of a computer calculation of one of the branched network options using numerical methods in the CAS MAXIMA computer algebra system, its graphic subsystem of symbolic mathematics, and the use of the author's online calculation program with a client-server implementation - https://www.k123.org.ua/jgIHjob1.html .
 The implementation of elements of computer calculations in the educational process allows the generation of an unlimited number of individual variants of initial data. The implementation of computer calculation requires the availability of automatic online generation of answers for each stage of iterative calculations. The task of generating online answers is the basis of the program development.
 An educational online platform is offered for researching the optimality of numerical, graphic and audio formats for setting the problem. The formats of the web form for entering output data have been studied. Online calculations reduce the time spent on typical monotonous operations. Additional possibilities of instant online calculations and visual graphic visualization of calculation results expand the possibilities of modeling individual elements of a branched network.
 The online program allows you to use computer calculations, expand the culture of using applied mathematical methods for engineering calculations, introduce algorithms and data structures, and solve the main task of training future engineers - to ensure a modern level of education and readiness to solve new problems.

Особенности применения теплоизоляционных материалов в строительстве

The choice of thermal insulation materials in the design is significantly influenced by both physical and economic features. Using the calculation program "LIT THERMO ENGINEER Enclosing structures", a thermal engineering calculation of enclosing structures was performed, the result of which is the thickness of the thermal insulation material. A comparative analysis of thermal insulation materials according to the criteria of flammability, cost and coefficient of thermal conductivity is performed. As a result, conclusions and recommendations on the use of the considered thermal insulation materials at the design stage are given.

Study on the design method of an automatic outrigger layout control system for variable outrigger layout trimaran

During the navigation of a trimaran, its wave resistance is influenced by both sailing speed and outrigger layout. In the case of a variable outrigger layout trimaran, due to the adjustability of its outrigger layout according to different speeds, its wave resistance will be lower than that of traditional trimarans. In this paper, an automatic outrigger layout control system is figured out for a variable outrigger layout trimaran. The system can control and regulate the position of outriggers according to the traveling speed in order to reduce the wave resistance during navigation. The slender ship theory based resistance calculation program is applied as the solver in this system to evaluate the wave resistance of the trimaran and further determine the optimal outrigger layout under a specific speed. In order to improve the calculation accuracy, NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) method is introduced to modeling the hull surface. Model tests for trimaran with 6 different outrigger layouts are conducted to obtain the resistance of the trimaran in order to validate the numerical method. The steepest descent method is applied to solve the problem of searching the outrigger layout with minimum wave resistance efficiently. On this basis, an open-loop control system for trimaran outrigger layout is designed based on PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) algorithm with the control objective derived by the solver. Finally, a outrigger layout adjustment simulation (when speed changes from Fr=0.4 to Fr=0.35) is conducted on the experimental trimaran model. By comparing the resistance results obtained by numerical method utilized in this paper to the results obtained by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed system is validated.

Parametric Thermal Simulations of an Airflow-Screen Façade System

Energy-saving performance is required for building façades, and high-performance window systems, such as double-skin and airflow windows, are being considered as viable alternatives. However, those systems are costly owing to the increased number of glazing panes. Therefore, an airflow-screen façade system (AFS) that combines glazing, a blind, and a roller shade can be a viable solution. The design issues of AFS are the backflow to the indoor side and the effect of natural convection on indoor airflow when exhaust fans are not in use during holidays and at nighttime. However, only few studies exist on the annual thermal behavior of AFS. In this study, based on the thermal load calculation program NewHASP, a simulation model of AFS was built using a thermal node solar heat gain model and a ventilation network model. Sensitivity analysis of the maximum and annual thermal load were performed with the following parameters of the AFS: roller shade airtightness, glazing type, blind slat angle control system, window orientation, and exhaust fan air volume. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that the maximum and annual thermal loads were the most sensitive to were the direction the window faces and the airtightness of the roller shade.

Mathematical model for investigation of alkylbenzenes sulfonation

The relevance. Lack of experimental data that allow developing a scientifically based method for calculating and designing film-type reactors, which are also used to produce alkylbenzenesulfonic acids. These acids, in their turn, are currently the main components of synthetic detergents. The issue of increasing reactor equipment efficiency can be most effectively solved using mathematical models built on a physical and chemical basis. The aim. Development of a mathematical model of alkylbenzenes sulfonation, taking into account a substance mass transfer from a gas phase to a liquid phase. Software implementation of the developed model, as well as the use of the developed mathematical model for studying the influence of the process parameters on its efficiency. Object. Alkylbenzenes sulfonation with sulfuric anhydride in a multitube film reactor. Methods. Mathematical modeling is used to perform all computational operations, a modern high-level general-purpose programming language with automatic memory management is used. The quantum-chemical methods for determining thermodynamic parameters of chemical reactions were used. Results. The paper considers the principles of constructing a mathematical model of sulfonation. The authors have developed the calculation program in the Python programming language and assessed the accuracy of description of a real process and the influence of the system technological parameters on a product yield and quality, taking into account a substance interfacial transfer. The system of practical recommendations for improving the alkylbenzenes sulfonation resource efficiency was developed. The mathematical model adequately describes the process. The calculated data are compared with the real data from the operating unit for alkylbenzenes sulfonation with sulfuric anhydride.

Machine Learning-Based Image Processing for Ice Concentration during Chukchi and Beaufort Sea Trials

Growing interest in finding the optimal route through the arctic ocean, and sea ice concentration is also emerging as a factor to be considered. In this paper, an algorithm to calculate the sea ice concentration was developed based on the images taken during the Arctic voyage of the Korean icebreaker ARAON in July 2019. A sea ice concentration calculation program was developed using the image processing functions in open-source image processing library, called OpenCV. To develop the algorithm, parameter studies were conducted on red, green, blue (RGB) color space and hue, saturation, value (HSV) color space, and k-means clustering. To verify the algorithm for sea ice concentration calculation, it was applied to images taken during Araon’s Arctic voyages. Lens curvature and view point were corrected through camera calibration. To improve the accuracy of sea ice concentration calculation, a binarization model based on random forest was proposed. A parameter study for training image numbers and tree numbers was conducted to establish the random forest model. The calculated sea ice concentrations by random forest and k-means clustering were compared and discussed.

Study on the thermal-mechanical coupling characteristics and influencing parameters of heat pipe radiator under accident conditions

Space reactors, due to their strong environmental adaptability, high power output, small size, and long lifespan, are the most important direction for the development of nuclear energy systems in space. The waste heat of the space reactor system needs to be dissipated through a radiative heat exchanger. The current numerical analysis of the heat exchanger predominantly emphasizes heat transfer phenomena while neglecting the effect of mechanical properties. This study utilizes a self-developed, highly accurate thermal-mechanical coupling calculation program to conduct a numerical analysis of the heat pipe radiator. The main objective is to acquire a comprehensive understanding of its thermal-mechanical coupling characteristics and evaluate the effects of various accident conditions on the radiator. The results indicate that the heat dissipation power obtained from the thermal-mechanical coupled calculation is 0.42% higher than that obtained from the standalone heat transfer calculation. Single axial heat pipe failure leads to a 9.13% decrease in heat dissipation power for the affected module, while two axial heat pipes failure results in a 21.17% decrease. The ability of the heat pipe radiator to meet the heat dissipation power requirements under different failure conditions indicates its capacity to effectively respond to a wide range of incidents, thereby emphasizing its superior safety level.

A Time Domain Model to Predict Dynamic Response of Multiple Floating Bodies Connected With Hinges Based on the Kane Method

Abstract A two-dimensional model to estimate the hydrodynamic response of hinged multiple floating body systems in the time domain is established based on the Kane method. The reduced Kane equations applicable to the dynamic response of multi-floating body system with hinges are first deduced. The issue of hinge constraint in the system is addressed by defining the corresponding generalized speeds as zeros, while the wave actions are considered based on the potential flow theory. Then the corresponding calculation program is developed prior to undertaking the model test. Verification of the Kane-based model and the veracity of the program developed is performed through a series of contrastive analyses on a hinged floating bridge in various cases including regular waves, moving loads, and their combinations. The predictions obtained by the proposed model show satisfactory agreements with the model test measurements. The related results indicate that the motion responses of the first pontoon are greatest in a hinged floating bridge, and its motion amplitudes descend nonlinearly with the increment of wave frequency. The time-history motion responses of hinged multi-floating bodies in the middle present saddle shapes with some fluctuations as a whole under the combined effect of wave and moving loads. The Kane-based model is convenient to analyze the dynamic characteristics of a hinged multi-floating body system in regular waves, and it could be further extended to consider the effects of irregular waves, inhomogeneous sea conditions, as well as the nonlinear connections on the system.

An algorithm for solving the equations of the Nodal Expansion Method in parallel using GPU

An Algorithm for Solving the constitutive equations of the fourth-order Nodal Expansion Method (NEM) with quadratic transverse leakage in parallel using GPU has been proposed. This algorithm was implemented on the GPU using the CUDA language, resulting in a calculation program called Cuda_NEM. The results obtained with the Cuda_NEM program were compared to those obtained with the CNFR code for three benchmarks available in the literature. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the calculations performed with the Cuda_NEM program are as accurate as those of the CNFR code. Furthermore, it was found that the proposed algorithm was able to reduce the execution time compared to CNFR when simulating multiple core configurations simultaneously. This means that the proposed algorithm and the developed calculation program have shown promise for use in the optimization process of nuclear fuel reload patterns, where a large number of evaluations of different core configurations must be performed during the process.

A Computation to Generate 2D and 3D Vector Displacements Using InSAR Ascending and Descending Source Data (Case Studies: Landslides and Earthquake in Indonesia)

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a radar technique to generate map of surface deformation using phase differences acquired at different times. The InSAR technique measures these phase differences in its line of sight (LOS). Regarding LOS projection to a ground coordinate system, the combination of SAR data from ascending and descending can estimate at least two dimensional fields which are vertical and east-west components and three dimensional fields with either an additional motion model or vector displacements from along-track direction. The purpose of this work is to generate 2D and 3D vector displacements from two different InSAR tracks (e.g. ascending and descending) with a calculation programme both for the mean velocity and time series data named as PS DISP. 2D mode is calculated in which the north-south component is neglected due to insensitive along the flight direction, thus, assuming to be zero (0). On the other hand, 3D mode is calculated with an assumption that the northsouth component moves along the elevation downward. The experimental results were conducted for the Puncak Pass and Puncak Highway landslides and the Lombok earthquake in Indonesia. For the landslide study, the computation generated the movement towards the slope surface in the 3D Cartesian coordinate (dU,dE, and dN (psuedo)) and found both the crown body and cumulative zone of the landslide. For the earthquake study, PS DISP decomposed 2D vectors (dU and dE). The area of earthquake rupture was lifted by 42 cm and other northern Lombok areas by 10 - 25 cm. Regarding the west-eastern motion, it shows that the west of northern Lombok was displaced ±5 cm toward the west direction, while the other side to the east direction. Keywords: InSAR, 2D and 3D displacements, slope aspect, ground motion, landslide, earthquake