Program Websites Research Articles

Intern Experience Reflects Information Gathered During the Virtual Interview Process

The onset of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic brought many changes to the residency application process including transitioning to a virtual interview platform, which continues today. The transition brought many concerns from general surgery applicants about their ability to obtain adequate information about a program virtually. We sought to characterize how information presented by programs during the first ever virtual interview cycle matched the experience of general surgery interns after training at a program for 1 year. In May of 2022, a survey was distributed to 243 program directors who were asked to forward it to their general surgery categorical interns who matched during the 2021 virtual match cycle. Demographics, resources used to determine an impression of a program, and correlations between information presented virtually and what was subsequently experienced as an intern were collected. Forty-six program directors confirmed forwarding the survey to their categorical interns. A total of 102 general surgery interns completed the survey. Most interns (88.2%) agreed that their experience matched expectations based on information received through the virtual interview process and 98% of interns were satisfied with their experience at their training program. Interviews with faculty (40.0%), residents (68.0%) and the program web site (29.0%) were the top 3 resources used to create the most accurate impression of a program. Interns felt they were well informed during the virtual interview experience about support from fellow residents (84.3%), culture (73.0%), surgical volume (72.5%), and intern operative experience (71.6%). In addition, 65.7% of participants thought they were able to obtain a good understanding of the program's culture from the virtual process. However, 16.7% thought that their program unintentionally misrepresented aspects of the training program. The faculty and residency interviews were the most important factors in program ranking and most participants agreed that their virtual interview experience matched their expectations during their intern year. Most interns felt they were able to obtain a good understanding of the program's culture from the virtual process. In addition, a majority of interns felt well informed during the interview on aspects ranging from surgical volume, autonomy, and work hours to support from faculty and residents. If virtual interviews are to continue, residents can be satisfied that information gathered virtually will match the reality of their training. Programs should continue to make every effort to present their program realistically.

Assessment of Neurology Residency Program Websites across North America during COVID-19.

With virtual interviews for residency applications, residency program websites have become increasingly important resources for applicants. We evaluated the comprehensiveness of US and Canadian neurology residency program website, comparing this to published rankings of the best neurology and neurosurgery hospitals (for US programs) and number of residency positions (for US and Canadian programs). US program websites were found to be largely more comprehensive than Canadian websites, more extensive websites were associated with better program rankings and fewer residency seats in the US, and US regional differences in comprehensiveness were present. We recommend standardized guidelines to increase website comprehensiveness across programs.

Prevalence of International Medical Graduates in Integrated Plastic Surgery Programs.

The annual match reports from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved and summarized. Electronic surveys for program directors and program coordinators were distributed to US integrated plastic surgery programs. Each program's website was appraised for information regarding the eligibility of IMGs. Websites were also used to identify the number of IMG residents. The number of applicants who matched into integrated programs ranged from 69 to 180 per year, of which US applicants comprised 61-165. US IMGs filled one to three positions per year, whereas non-US IMGs filled two to seven. Although 48% of programs have matched non-citizen IMGs and 79% have not encountered difficulties during the visa process, 67% of coordinators reported that the onboarding process is more challenging for IMGs. There are no IMGs in 52% of programs, and most institutions offer information on their website regarding visa sponsorship. IMGs make up less than 10% of filled positions per cycle. Although most programs accept IMGs, a small number matriculate. This may be explained by the competitiveness of integrated programs and the volume of IMG applications. Further research is needed to identify contributing factors of low IMG representation in plastic surgery programs.

Analyzing the Content Found on Fellowship Websites for Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

The Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) fellowship is a two-year fellowship that can be done by physicians who have finished their internal medicine residency and cardiology fellowship. This study evaluated the accessibility and provided information on the websites of the ACHDfellowship programs to identify potential areas of improvement for future fellowship applicants. Analysis of 25 ACHD fellowship program websites was conducted based on 34 criteria under three main categories: recruitment information, education and research information, and incentive information. This study found that many evaluated ACHD program websites lacked information regarding recruitment. Specifically, information regardingmentorship opportunities, hospital statistics/number of beds, selection process, and interview dates, leaving out crucial details on what to expect during the matching process. Additionally, more information on education and research is beneficial for applicants to sufficiently compare ACHD fellowship programs and make more informed decisions about which programs they would like to apply to. Information on academic stipends, evaluation criteria, expected caseload, moonlighting opportunities, elective opportunities, rotation schedules, call requirements, and types of procedures were all limited across multiple websites. Lastly, incentive information was found to be insufficient across most ACHD fellowship websites. Incentive information included fellow wellness, harassment policies, parental leave, salary, benefits, and vacation/sick leave. This study shows that ACHD fellowship programs need to supply more information on their websites to provide applicants with details to help them choose the fellowship program that corresponds best with their career goals. Expanding upon information regarding recruitment, education, research, and incentives will provide applicants with a strong understanding of ACHD fellowship programs and what they can expect throughout their education. In return, this will help ACHD fellowship programs attract stronger applicants, ultimately improving the quality of their respective programs.

Development and Evaluation of a Blended Self-Management Program for Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Rheumatic Diseases.

Rheumatic diseases are known to be associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, which increases mortality rates due to cardiovascular complications. Although a variety of self-management programs for rheumatic diseases have been developed, few have concentrated on metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to develop and verify a blended (a mixture of telephone and online interventions) metabolic syndrome self-management program. The program was developed in four stages: analysis to identify program contents, website design, website development, and validity testing. A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was adopted to verify the program effectiveness in 54 patients with rheumatic disease. The program was initially implemented via telephone for 4 weeks and then self-administered via a web-based platform for 20 weeks. Indices of metabolic syndrome and self-management and quality of life scores were measured as outcome variables. Data were collected three times: before intervention, after 4 weeks of telephone interventions, and after 20 weeks of online self-interventions. The devised program had a significant overall effect on metabolic syndrome indices, metabolic syndrome-related self-management behaviors, and quality of life. Detailed analysis showed the program effectively reduced body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and blood glucose levels and improved metabolic syndrome self-management behaviors. Based on our findings, it can be expected that the use of this program may retard or prevent the progression of metabolic syndrome by improving some metabolic syndrome indices and metabolic syndrome-related self-management behaviors, which are key components of care in rheumatic disease patients with metabolic syndrome. This web-based program appears to be beneficial in public health care settings because it is cost-effective, readily available, and may provide long-term support.

Musculoskeletal Oncology Fellowship Websites: A Comprehensive Assessment and Cross-Sectional Content Analysis.

This manuscript evaluates the utility of Musculoskeletal Oncology (MSK Oncology) fellowship program websites and identifies areas for improvement. This study identified 20 MSK Oncology programs using two public databases, allocated 45 criteria domains into 6 categories, and evaluated each program independently. MSK Oncology programs had limited information (34%) on their websites, particularly under the "People" category. It is recommended that programs include more information about current fellows and their training background, faculty publications, and alumni descriptions. MSK Oncology program websites should contain necessary information for prospective applicants, particularly considering the increased virtual world during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Websites should be more comprehensive for applicants in their process of choosing their preferred programs and submitting their rank order lists.

Program Website Evaluation Regarding Dedicated Research Years Offered in General Surgery Residency Programs in the United States

IntroductionResearch is a vital component in the advancements of surgical sciences due to the reliance of treatment options on innovations and outcomes of patient care. This study aimed to identify research pathways, opportunities, and academic productivities of different general surgery residency programs in the United States. Materials and MethodsA web-based review was conducted concerning accredited US general surgery residency programs. Each program's official website was assessed for the availability of research year, compulsory status, duration, type, structure, and location. The study also identified faculty supervision, research day, funding, output, and opportunities to obtain an advanced degree. ResultsData were collected from all 313 general surgery programs in the United States, out of which 127 (41%) offered a dedicated research year to their residents. The research year was deemed mandatory in 27 programs (8%) and optional in 100 programs (32%). Seventy-two programs (23%) offered to start the dedicated research year after postgraduate year 2 or postgraduate year 3. Twenty-two programs (7.02%) provided examples of resident publications and presentations. Resident research day was cited by 42 programs (13.41%). On campus research opportunity was mentioned by nine programs (2.8%), while the off campus chance was provided by 10 programs (3.19%). Furthermore, 36 programs (11.5%) demonstrated potential funding sources. Finally, 38 (12.14%) programs mentioned receiving advanced degrees after the research year. ConclusionsAlthough dedicated research time is provided to trainees for some research programs, there is a lack of structure and the need to expand the available content and information regarding research opportunities for the various general surgery residency programs.

Automated Linguistic and Visual Content Analysis of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Perspectives in Advertising and Public Relations Program Websites

ABSTRACT Guided by culturally responsive pedagogy (CRP), this study used automated linguistic and AI-enabled visual analyses to examine representations of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in text and images on 69 ACEJMC-accredited advertising and public relations (AdPR) program websites. Further, comparisons between large and non-large institutions were made. Linguistic analysis showed that approximately a fifth of the textual content included DEI-related terms, with no significant differences based on institution size. Visual analysis revealed the prominence of White women in images. Recommendations include application of AI-enabled approaches in addressing and advancing DEI in AdPR research as well as designing inclusive university websites across key CRP dimensions for potential students.

Enhancing cultural competence in caring for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender patients: An online training program for Taiwanese student nurses and nurses

BackgroundHealth disparities exist among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations worldwide. However, student nurses and nurse staff have limited knowledge and skills in providing culturally competent nursing care for LGBT patients in Taiwan. ObjectivesThis paper describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of an online training program for the cultural competence of student nurses and nurses in Taiwan. DesignA one-group pre-/post-test study design. SettingsThe study was conducted in five nursing schools, 10 nursing associations, and 37 long-term care facilities. Two prominent online bulletin boards (PTT Nurse and Dcard Nurse) and one Taiwanese nursing group on Facebook were used to recruit participants. ParticipantsIn total, 301 student nurses and nurses participated in the study and responded to pre- and post-test questionnaires. MethodsAn online training program for culturally competent nursing care was developed and implemented. The pre- and post-test questionnaires contained three sections: (1) demographics, (2) knowledge of LGBT health, and (3) the Sexual Orientation Counselor Competency Scale. Three open-ended questions were included in the post-test questionnaire to evaluate the online training program. ResultsThe online training program significantly improved the participants' knowledge and cultural competence skills. However, their attitudes towards cultural competence did not change after the program was implemented. Regarding qualitative feedback of the online training program, feedback on the strengths and limitations of the program was summarized under three themes: program content, website design, and online modules. ConclusionsThe results suggest the importance of an online training program which may contribute to reducing health disparities among the LGBT population.

Current exposure to Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery faculty during urology residency.

Contemporary US resident exposure to Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) faculty during urology residency is unknown. Accredited US urology residencies were identified through the American Urological Association (AUA). Accredited, urology-based FPMRS fellowships were identified through the Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine and Urogenital Reconstruction. The number of faculty and residency positions were obtained from program AUA profiles if they were last modified within the current application cycle; this information was obtained from program websites if AUA profiles were outdated. Data on faculty fellowship training was manually extracted from program websites. A quality control cross-check of program and faculty training characteristics was performed through direct communication with 5% of programs. Of 139 accredited residency programs assessed, 10.8% were affiliated with an accredited, urology-based FPMRS fellowship. In total, 29.5% of residency programs, representing 25% of US urology residents, had neither a FPMRS fellowship nor any FPMRS certified faculty. The national FPMRS faculty-to-resident ratio was 1:10.8, and 7.4% of faculty at all residency programs were FPMRS certified. In comparison, faculty-to-resident ratios for other subspecialties were: 1:4.7 for pediatrics, 1:3.6 for oncology, 1:5.9 for minimally invasive surgery/endourology, 1:14.2 for trauma/reconstruction, and 1:11.8 for andrology or male sexual/reproductive health. The FPMRS faculty-to-resident ratio was 1:5.1 in programs with a urology-based FPMRS fellowship compared with 1:13.4 in programs without a FPMRS fellowship. 30% of US urology residency programs lack FPMRS trained faculty. Even when FPMRS faculty are on staff, the field is often underrepresented relative to other urologic subspecialties. Further studies are required to ascertain if inadequate exposure to FPMRS cases and mentors during training contribute to the shortage of urology residents who choose to specialize in FPMRS. This link has important implications for the current shortage of FPMRS providers.

Evaluation of Canadian urology residency and fellowship program websites.

There is growing use of online resources in the postgraduate medical education application process to provide applicants program-specific details, thus allowing for informed decision-making. Given the variability and non-standardized electronic training descriptions and objectives, our goal was to assess the availability of program information through program websites for both residency and fellowship urology programs across Canada. Using the Canadian Residency Matching Service (CaRMS) and the Canadian Urological Association (CUA) websites, we compiled a list of all Canadian urology residency and fellowship programs. We reviewed all programs' website using a 40-item tool based on seven subcategories, including education, application process, faculty information, trainee/fellow information, research and extra-curricular activities, wellness, and both benefits and career planning. Each website was reviewed by two trained reviewers. Any inter-reviewer discrepancy was resolved by a third-party reviewer. Among 13 Canadian urology residency programs, all had program websites and met 48% of the criteria evaluated. None of the residency program websites reported information on work hours, surgical caseload statistics, or equity diversity and inclusion/community initiatives. Among 37 Canadian urology fellowship programs, 10 programs did not have websites, and the remaining 27 program websites met 28% of the criteria evaluated. Scores were highest for the application process subcategory, while scores were lowest for the wellness and benefits/career planning subcategories among both residency and fellowship programs. With growing reliance and dependence on web resources to access residency and fellowship program information, there is a clear need to standardize and improve Canadian training websites for prospective applicants.

ANALISA WEBSITE PRODI SISTEM INFORMASI UNSIKA BERDASARKAN PRINSIP DAN PARADIGMA INTERAKSI MANUSIA DAN KOMPUTER

The Unsika Information Systems Study Program Website is a place where Unsika Information Systems students can access information about lectures. The purpose of analyzing the Unsika Information Systems Study Program Website is to be able to find out the relationship between system functions based on the principles and paradigm of Human and Computer Interaction (HCI). In the Website interface design analysis, the author uses the heuristic evaluation method with the aspects being evaluated are human, technology, usability, and ergonomisc aspects. The results of the analysis prove that the Unsika Information Systems Study Program Website has fulfilled the aspects of Human and Computer Interaction where the goal of IMK itself is to make it easy for users to manage the system and be able to generate the required feedback.

Poster 388: Gender Diversity of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Fellowship Trainees, Faculty and Leadership

Objectives: Orthopaedic surgery has remained the most male-dominated field in medicine, despite recent efforts to recruit and retain more women. The objective of this study was to determine the gender composition of fellows, faculty, and leaders within orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship programs to provide a more complete analysis of gender diversity within this subspecialty. Methods: Official program websites of orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships listed on the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA) fellowship directory were examined. Data collected for analysis included the gender of program directors, fellowship faculty, orthopaedic surgery department faculty, current sports medicine fellows and fellows who graduated within the last five years. Results: In the academic year 2021-2022, 132 sports medicine fellows were in fellowship training in the United States within 97 programs. Of these, 113 (85.6%) were men and 19 (14.4%) were women (p<0.001). Within the past five years, 419 fellows were listed as completing a sports medicine fellowship, with 375 (89.5%) being men, and 44 (10.5%) being women (p<0.001). There is no significant difference in the gender composition of current fellows compared to the composition of fellows within the last 5 years (p=0.74). When examining gender trends in sports medicine faculty, 639 (86.6%) were men and 99 (13.4%) were women (p<0.001). There are 14 women (14.4%) orthopaedic sports medicine faculty in leadership positions (i.e., program directors or assistant program directors) compared to 83 men in such positions (85.6%) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Orthopaedic sports medicine fellowships remain heavily male-dominated in their trainees, faculty, and leadership. There was no significant difference in the gender composition of current fellows when compared to those who graduated in the last five years, suggesting further and novel initiatives are needed to enhance gender diversity in sports medicine. [Table: see text][Table: see text]

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL WATERFALL DAN PENGUJIAN SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE (SUS) PADA PEMBUATAN WEBSITE PROGRAM STUDI INFORMATIKA BERBASIS WORDPRESS

<em>Information technology is currently developing very rapidly. Especially after the Covid-19 Pandemic which makes activities and work done online. Communication allows the exchange of information between users and recipients. The Informatics Study Program is one of the study programs at STMIK Sinar Nusantara Surakarta. Currently there are no special services available as a medium for delivering information for students and the wider community. So it is necessary to have a website that is useful for conveying information related to the activities of the Informatics Study Program. One of the widely available Content Management System is WordPress. In this study, the design and construction of a WordPress-based study program website uses the Waterfall model. Which stages in the Waterfall model consist of needs analysis, system design and software design, design and development, implementation, testing and maintenance. In the testing phase, the System Usability Scale (SUS) model is used to test the usability level or usability of the website. The test results show the usability level in the precentile ranks of 91.6%. With the category of being included in the class A scale or letter grades level and having an adjective rating level of BEST IMAGINABLE or ACCEPTABLE in the acceptability ranges. This assessment is based on 40 respondents consisting of Education Personnel, Lecturers, Students and the General Public.</em>

The Influence of Social Media on Applicant Perceptions of Anesthesiology Residency Programs during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Social media may be an effective tool in residency recruitment given its ability to engage a broad audience, however, there is limited data regarding the influence of social media on applicants' evaluation of anesthesiology residency programs. This study evaluates the influence of social media on applicants' perceptions of anesthesiology residency programs during the COVID-19 pandemic to allow programs to evaluate the importance of a social media presence for residency recruitment. The study also sought to understand if there were differences in the utility of social media by applicant demographic characteristics (e.g., race, ethnicity, gender, age). We hypothesized that given the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on visiting rotations and the interview process, the social media presence of anesthesiology residency programs would have a positive impact on the recruitment process and be an effective form of communication about program characteristics. All anesthesiology residency applicants who applied to Mayo Clinic Arizona were emailed a survey in October 2020 along with statements regarding the anonymity and optional nature of the survey. The 20-item Qualtrics survey included questions regarding sub-internship rotation completion, social media resource use and impact (e.g., Residency-based social media accounts positively impacted my opinion of the program), and applicant demographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics were examined, and perceptions of social media were stratified by gender, race, and ethnicity; a factor analysis was performed, and the resulting scale was regressed on race, ethnicity, age, and gender. The survey was emailed to 1,091 individuals who applied to the Mayo Clinic Arizona anesthesiology residency program; there were 640 unique responses recorded (response rate = 58.6%). Nearly 65% of applicants reported an inability to complete 2 or more planned sub-internships due to COVID-19 restrictions (n = 361, 55.9%), with 25% of applicants reporting inability to do any visiting student rotations (n = 167). Official program websites (91.5%), Doximity (47.6%), Instagram (38.5%), and Twitter (19.4%) were reported as the most used resource by applicants. The majority of applicants (n = 385; 67.3%) agreed that social media was an effective means to inform applicants and 57.5% (n = 328) indicated that social media positively impacted their perception of the program. An 8-item scale with good reliability was created, representing the importance of social media (Cronbach's α = 0.838). There was a positive and statistically significant relationship such that male applicants (Standardized β = 0.151, p = 0.002) and older applicants (β = 0.159, p < 0.001) had less trust and reliance in social media for information regarding anesthesiology residency programs. The applicant's race and ethnicity was not associated with the social media scale (β = -0.089, p = 0.079). Social media was an effective means to inform applicants, and generally positively impacted applicants' perception of programs. Thus, residency programs should consider investing time and resources towards building a social media presence to improve resident recruitment.

REI clinics and fellowship training-a national snapshot to improve access to reproductive care.

To analyze the geographic distribution of REI fellowships and clinics across the USA and to strategize ways to improve patient access to care. Cross-sectional study using population data obtained from publicly available United States Census Bureau, Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART), and National Resident Matching Program websites. Outcomes include the number of REI clinics, REI fellowship-trained physicians, and REI fellowship programs. In 2020, there were 643 assisted reproductive technology (ART) clinics reporting to SART and 1351 fellowship-trained REI physicians. Most clinics are located in the south (n = 209); however, the northeast has the highest density of REI clinics. Out of 301,316 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles in the USA in 2020, northeastern states initiated the most cycles (n = 93,565), and Midwestern states initiated the fewest cycles (n = 50,000). The northeast has the most REI physicians per million women aged 20-44 years (42.4) while the Midwest has the lowest ratio (19.5). There are fewer REI physicians per million women aged 20-44 years in states with a lower proportion of patients with health insurance (r = 0.56, 95% confidence interval ([CI] 0.34-0.73) and in states with a lower average income per resident (r = 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.79). Most of the 49 accredited REI fellowship programs in the USA are in the northeast (n = 18), and there are fewest in the south (n = 10) and west (n = 10). Access to REI care has large geographic disparities from a clinic, physician, and training program perspective. Creative solutions are needed to remedy this problem.

Бренд Wellness: языковая репрезентация в медиадискурсе

The article deals with the detection and analysis of the language means of Wellness brand representation in the media discourse. The aim of the article is to identify the peculiarities of language representation of the Wellness brand in the texts of media discourse, represented by printed publications (newspapers and magazines about health, fashion, beauty, psychology of family life, etc.). and audiovisual content on the Internet (podcasts about Wellness and healthy lifestyles, official English and Russian-language websites of government health programs, clinics and companies whose products and services are related to the promotion of Wellness in the service market), as well as blogs on fitness, healthy eating, meditation, psychological trainings that promote the principles of a healthy lifestyle. The goal is achieved by referring to modern scientific, both domestic and foreign research in the field of Wellness. The relevance of the presented research is determined by the need to understand which language means help to form a positive image of the Wellness brand in the open media space, which branding practices are the most successful, due to what means and speech strategies. The novelty of this study is that for the first time the Wellness brand is studied from the perspective of sociolinguistic and linguistic analysis of texts, aimed at promoting not only beauty services, but the health of the nation in the harmonization of the physical, social, spiritual, mental, emotional and intellectual aspects. The result of the research is the revealing the differences in the representation of Wellness in English- and Russian-speaking linguistic cultures of media space, effective language means of Wellness brand representation, productive appeals to stereotypes in creating advertising descriptions of Wellness products, and also the role of precedence in informing the public from different platforms - from printed media to official websites and Internet-communities.

Evaluation of commitment to equity, diversity, and inclusion on Canadian ophthalmology residency program websites

ObjectifLes sites Web des programmes de résidence jouent un rôle de premier plan pour ce qui est de présenter les attraits de ceux-ci aux résidents candidats. Notre article examine à quel point les sites Web des programmes de résidence en ophtalmologie du Canada démontrent leur engagement envers l’équité, la diversité et l'inclusion (EDI) et identifie les zones à améliorer. MéthodesNous avons procédé à une analyse transversale des sites Web affiliés aux 15 programmes accrédités de résidence en ophtalmologie au Canada. Chaque site s'est vu attribuer un score en fonction de 16 éléments relevant de l'EDI conformément à la littérature récente. On a ainsi examiné la façon dont chaque site tenait compte d’éléments relevant de l'EDI en lien avec la langue, la géographie et la diversité de la population régionale. RésultatsSur les 15 programmes de résidence en ophtalmologie du Canada, 12 (80 %) respectaient au moins 1 des 16 éléments relevant de l'EDI, le score moyen par programme se chiffrant à 2,4 (é.-t. : 1,92). Le programme qui a obtenu le score le plus élevé respectait 7 des 16 éléments en question. Les programmes anglophones ont obtenu un score moyen plus élevé (2,92; é.-t. : 1,78) que les sites francophones (0,33; é.-t. : 0,58; p = 0,023). Aucune différence significative n'a été observée entre les programmes de l'ouest du Canada, de la région centrale ou de l'est du Canada (p = 0,86). La proportion de minorités régionales associées à chaque programme n'a pas eu d'effet sur les scores (p = 0,088). ConclusionsLes sites Web des programmes de résidence en ophtalmologie du Canada abordaient rarement les éléments relevant de l'EDI. Nous proposons des recommandations dans 4 domaines: mise en valeur de la diversité de l’équipe, transparence au chapitre du recrutement, ressources en matière d'inclusion et organisation du programme. L'amélioration de la visibilité de l'EDI des programmes figurant sur les sites Web grâce à la révision de sites existants ou à la création de nouveaux sites promotionnels pourrait favoriser le recrutement d'une population diversifiée de résidents.

Tuition Costs of Master's of Health Professions Education Programs: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

The increasing professionalization of medical education during the past 2 decades has ushered in an era in which formal degrees, particularly master's of health professions education (MHPE), have become important for career advancement in medical education. Although tuition costs can pose a substantial barrier for many seeking advanced degrees in health professions education, data on tuition associated with these programs are lacking. This study examines the accessibility of pertinent cost-related information available to prospective students and the variability of costs among programs worldwide. The authors conducted an internet-based, cross-sectional study, augmented with emails and direct contact with educators, to extract tuition-related data for MHPE programs between March 29, 2022, and September 20, 2022. Costs were converted to an annual total within each jurisdiction's currency and converted to US dollars on August 18, 2022. Of the 121 programs included in the final cost analysis, only 56 had publicly available cost information. Excluding programs free to local students, the mean (SD) total tuition cost was $19,169 ($16,649), and the median (interquartile range) cost was $13,784 ($9,401-22,650) (n = 109). North America had the highest mean (SD) tuition for local students ($26,751 [$22,538]), followed by Australia and New Zealand ($19,778 [$10,514]) and Europe ($14,872 [$7,731]), whereas Africa had the lowest ($2,598 [$1,650]). The region with the highest mean (SD) tuition for international students was North America ($38,217 [$19,500]), followed by Australia and New Zealand ($36,891 [$10,397]) and Europe ($22,677 [$10,010]), whereas Africa had the lowest ($3,237 [$1,189]). There is substantial variability in the geographic distribution of MHPE programs and marked differences in tuition. Incomplete program websites and limited responsiveness from many programs contributed to a lack of transparency regarding potential financial implications. Greater efforts are necessary to ensure equitable access to health professions education.

Antiracism in Action: Development and Outcomes of a Mentorship Program for Premedical Students Who Are Underrepresented or Historically Excluded in Medicine.

Black, Latinx, and Native American and Alaska Native people are underrepresented in medicine. The increasingly competitive medical school application process poses challenges for students who are underrepresented in medicine or historically excluded from medicine (UIM/HEM). The University of California, San Francisco-University of California, Berkeley (UCSF-UCB) White Coats for Black Lives Mentorship Program provides a novel and antiracist approach to mentorship for these premedical students. The program recruited UIM/HEM premedical and medical students through a survey advertised by email, on the program's website, social media, and by word of mouth. The program paired students primarily with race-concordant mentors, all of whom were UCSF medical students. From October 2020 to June 2021, program mentees engaged in skills-building seminars based on an antiracism framework and received support for preparing medical school applications. The program administered preprogram and postprogram surveys to mentees, which were analyzed via quantitative and qualitative methods. Sixty-five premedical mentees and 56 medical student mentors participated in the program. The preprogram survey received 60 responses (92.3% response rate), and the postprogram survey received 48 responses (73.8% response rate). In the preprogram survey, 85.0% of mentees indicated that MCAT scores served as a barrier "a great deal" or "a lot," 80.0% indicated lack of faculty mentorship, and 76.7% indicated financial considerations. Factors that improved most from preprogram to postprogram were personal statement writing (33.8 percentage-point improvement, P < .001), peer mentorship (24.2 percentage-point improvement, P = .01), and knowledge of medical school application timeline (23.3% percentage-point improvement, P = .01). The mentorship program improved student confidence in various factors influencing the preparation of medical school applications and offered access to skills-building resources that mitigated existing structural barriers.