Speech Therapy Program Research Articles

Синтаксические трансформации в логопедической работе по формированию фразовой речи у обучающихся с РАС

The development of phrase speech is the most difficult area in speech therapy work with “speechless” schoolchildren with autism. The article describes speech therapy techniques for the development of syntax operations in schoolchildren with autism spectrum disorders and mild intellectual disabilities. Presented author’s speech therapy program for the development of arbitrary phrase speech in children with autism spectrum disorders combined with mild intellectual disability, based on the teachings of Noam Chomsky on grammatical transformations. The approbation of the speech therapy program was carried out by the author on the platform of the Federal Resource Center for the Organization of Comprehensive Support for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in the period from 2016 to the present.

Wczesne wspomaganie rozwoju mowy u dziecka z alalią sensoryczno-motoryczną – studium przypadku

Artykuł dotyczy problematyki wczesnego wspomagania rozwoju dziecka w przypadku zaburzeń mowy pochodzenia centralnego. Stanowi studium przypadku sześcioletniego chłopca z alalią motoryczno-sensoryczną. Autorka poddaje ocenie możliwości językowe i komunikacyjne dziecka. Dokonuje charakterystyki jego mowy w odniesieniu do wszystkich podsystemów języka (fonologicznego, morfologicznego, leksykalnego i składniowego). W opracowaniu przedstawiono również program i efekty terapii logopedycznej oraz wskazano kierunki działań w kolejnych etapach postępowania.

Treating Speech Movement Hypokinesia in Parkinson's Disease: Does Movement Size Matter?

This study evaluates the effects of a novel speech therapy program that uses a verbal cue and gamified augmented visual feedback regarding tongue movements to address articulatory hypokinesia during speech in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Five participants with PD participated in an ABA single-subject design study. The treatment aimed to increase tongue movement size using a combination of a verbal cue and augmented visual feedback and was conducted in 10 45-min sessions over 5 weeks. The presence of visual feedback was manipulated during treatment. Articulatory working space of the tongue was the primary outcome measure and was examined during treatment and in cued and uncued sentences pre- and posttreatment. Changes in speech intelligibility in response to a verbal cue pre- and posttreatment were also examined. During treatment, 4/5 participants showed a beneficial effect of visual feedback on tongue articulatory working space. At the end of the treatment, they used larger tongue movements when cued, relative to their pretreatment performance. None of the participants, however, generalized the effect to the uncued sentences. Speech intelligibility of cued sentences was judged as superior posttreatment only in a single participant. This study demonstrated that using an augmented visual feedback approach is beneficial, beyond a verbal cue alone, in addressing articulatory hypokinesia in individuals with PD. An optimal degree of articulatory expansion might, however, be required to elicit a speech intelligibility benefit.

Otolaryngological features in a cohort of patients affected with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A monocentric survey.

Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations are common in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), but poorly described. This study aimed to better define the ear-nose-throat (ENT) phenotype of 22q11.2DS patients, in the attempt to best detect subjects requiring subspecialist intervention. We enrolled 25 patients affected with 22q11.2DS. Anatomic and functional ENT findings were investigated using clinical, laboratory, and instrumental data. Immunophenotype and frequency of infections were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. ENT anomalies were found in 88% of patients, and in 20% congenital palate defects required surgery. Adenoid or palatine tonsil hypertrophy was noted in 80% and 48%. Forty-eight percent of subjects had rhinolalia/phonia, severe in half of these. We also found nasal regurgitation or laryngeal penetration/aspiration in 20% and 16%, respectively. Instrumental exams revealed a mild conductive hearing loss in 32% (bilateral in most cases), tympanometric anomalies in 28%, and swallowing abnormalities in 16%. Statistical univariate analysis showed a direct association between rhinolalia/phonia and episodes of laryngeal aspiration (p = .016) and between tympanometric anomalies and increased adenoid volume (p = .044). No association between episodes of food aspiration and palatal anomalies was found. Moreover, no statistically significant association was observed between the number of airway infections and the ENT findings. This study contributes to better define the ENT phenotype in patients with 22q11.2DS, helpful to prevent potential complications. Furthermore, the identification of a subcategory of patients may allow the early adoption of specific speech therapy programs to improve the clinical outcome of 22q11.2DS patients.

Alta permanencia de estudiantes en un programa de educación superior

Las instituciones de educación superior se enfrentan a fenómenos que alteran el curso exitoso de las carreras universitarias de los estudiantes, de estos, la alta permanencia trae además de implicaciones económicas para la institución, el estudiante y su familia, un costo emocional alto. Para conocer este fenómeno al interior de la Universidad del Cauca en el Programa de Fonoaudiología, se llevó a cabo un estudio con el objetivo de establecer los determinantes de la alta permanencia de los estudiantes. La metodología fue cuantitativa con alcance descriptivo; se seleccionaron a través de un muestreo aleatorio 107 estudiantes, mediante la revisión del historial académico y se tuvieron en cuenta como criterios de inclusión, estudiantes matriculados que a la fecha del estudio no hubiesen egresado o que aplazaron sus estudios al menos un semestre, logrando una muestra de 60 estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron que la proporción de alta permanencia por sexo fue mayor en el grupo de los hombres, en un 22% (21), la edad de la población para esta condición, se ubicó entre los 25 y 34 años, correspondiente al 62% (37). El 65 % (39) afirmó tener o haber tenido un mal rendimiento académico en el curso de la carrera. Se concluyó que las causas de la alta permanencia estuvieron relacionadas principalmente con el bajo rendimiento académico.

Modelos Teóricos de Rehabilitación en Salud y la Práctica Fonoaudiológica: Una mirada desde los componentes de la CIF

El Programa de Fonoaudiología de la Universidad del Cauca, realizó la revisión del modelo de intervención que desde las prácticas de formación se asume, considerando los componentes de la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud. Se realizó una investigación que contemplo el uso de recursos cuantitativos y cualitativos para realizar el análisis de 80 planeaciones de estudiantes de las prácticas integral I y II. Se concluyó qué aunque el Programa de Fonoaudiología, ha estado influenciado por el modelo médico biológico, parece estar en estado de transición hacia modelos que contemplan la participación integrada del sujeto, sus necesidades psicológicas y del ambiente.

Speech Therapy as Treatment for Supragastric Belching.

The purpose of this study was to describe a newly developed speech therapy program as an innovating therapeutic approach and to assess the results of this intervention in patients with supragastric belching. This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered data from 73 patients with supragastric belching who were treated with speech therapy between 2007 and 2017. Of these, 48 were included for evaluation of therapy. Thirty patients had supragastric belching proven by 24-h impedance measurements. Eighteen patients were diagnosed by an experienced speech language pathologist as having supragastric belching according to precise criteria. Speech therapy consists of explanation, creating awareness of esophageal air influx and exercises to discontinue the supragastric belching mechanism. Therapy effect was measured by comparing visual analogue scale (VAS) scores on belching and related symptoms. The median symptom duration at the start of therapy was 2years. Supragastric belching symptoms decreased significantly with a total median VAS score of 406 (291-463) prior to treatment and a median VAS score of 125 (17-197) following treatment. Forty patients (83%) had a sufficient to major result with a median therapy duration of 3months and ten sessions. Speech therapy was an effective treatment in the majority of patients with supragastric belching.

Cognitive Development of Pre-School Children With Language and Speech Disorders

The modern educational situation in Russia shows that the number of children with developmental problems, including speech disorders in primary school is increasing. Therefore, primary education is beginning to focus on the problem of training and adaptation of the senior preschool children with speech disorders. The knowledge of cognitive development of preschool children with speech disorders will provide a theoretical basis for the creation of more effective corrective speech therapy programs taking into account the complex interactions of the higher mental functions of the child in the ontogeny which can contribute in overcoming the difficulties of preschool speech and the formation of a fully-fledged readiness for school. Language is an expression of human communication through which we can share ideas, information, emotions, and beliefs. Usually developing children learn the basics of language and speech in the toddler-preschool era. Language and speech skills serve a pivotal role in learning and social relationships. Delays in the early development of language and speech skills, which are prevalent in the population, may affect several fields of activity. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristics of cognitive development of senior preschool children with phonetic-phonemic and general underdevelopment of speech. The factor analysis has shown that senior preschool children with speech disorders are characterized by cognitive development and intellectual readiness for school that comprise two factors: the understanding of the quantitative and qualitative relationships as an important component of intellectual readiness for school and general awareness of vocabulary.

Применение метода сенсорно-акустического зашумления в коррекционно-логопедической работе

Paper describes author’s correctional technique used in speech-therapeutic practice at the stage of speech formation in children with autism, burdened with pronounced intellectual disability. The technique of sensoryacoustic noise allows children to memorize the studied material quickly and qualitatively. Also it helps to work with children with autism spectrum disorders that have hypersensitivity, including acoustic sensitivity. The speech-therapy program aimed at forming of verbal function in students without productive speech of the approbated in primary correctional school branch of the Federal Resource Center for the organization of comprehensive support of children with autism spectrum disorders is presented.

Programa fonoaudiológico de formação de professores: avaliação da efetividade

Objetivo: testar a efetividade do Programa Fonoaudiológico de Formação de Professores. Métodos: trata-se de um ensaio prospectivo que contou com a participação de 70 professores do ensino fundamental. O programa consta de 10 módulos e tem o objetivo de instrumentalizar os professores quanto ao desenvolvimento da linguagem oral e escrita. Os módulos tiveram duração de 2 horas cada um, que somados a 10 horas de atividades complementares, totalizou 30 horas. Para verificar a efetividade do programa, os professores responderam ao questionário “Percepção de Professores em Linguagem” que possui 10 questões de casos hipotéticos envolvendo alunos do ensino fundamental, antes e após a participação no mesmo. A partir do questionário foram criados os índices de percepção global (IPG), de alterações da linguagem oral (IPLO) e da linguagem escrita (IPLE) e do desenvolvimento adequado (IPDA). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante pré e pós-formação nos índices IPLO, IPLE e IPG. Os professores não apresentaram diferenças no índice IPDA. Conclusão: A percepção do professor sobre os aspectos de desenvolvimento da linguagem oral e escrita mudou de forma significativa pós-participação no programa. O estudo mostra a relevância do programa de formação para os professores do ensino fundamental com efetividade na mudança da percepção frente a casos de alterações da linguagem oral e escrita.

A feasibility randomized controlled trial of ReaDySpeech for people with dysarthria after stroke

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of a multicentre randomized controlled trial of ReaDySpeech, an online speech therapy programme for people with dysarthria. Design: Feasibility randomized controlled trial, 2:1 minimization procedure. Setting: Four UK NHS services across hospital and community. Participants: Forty participants with dysarthria at least one week post-stroke. Interventions/comparator: ReaDySpeech with usual care (n = 26) versus usual care only (n = 14). Main outcomes: Feasibility measures included the following: recruitment and retention rate, time taken to carry out assessments, success of outcome assessor blinding, fidelity and adherence. Participant baseline and outcome measures collected before and after 8–10 weeks of intervention were the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment II, Therapy Outcome Measure, Communication Outcomes After Stroke Scale, EQ-5D-5L and Dysarthria Impact Profile. Results: Recruited 40 participants out of 74 eligible people, 1–13 weeks post stroke and mean age 69 years (37–99). Retention was very high (92%). Assessor blinding was not achieved with intervention allocation correctly guessed for 70% of participants (26/37). Time to carry out assessments was acceptable to participants. ReaDySpeech was delivered to 16 of 26 allocated participants, who completed 55% of prescribed activities, but both interventions were delivered at low intensity (mean 6.6 face-to-face sessions of 40-minute duration). Conclusion: Recruitment and retention in this randomized controlled trial of computerized therapy for dysarthria is feasible for acute stroke. However, further feasibility work is needed to evaluate whether it is possible to recruit chronic stroke; increase intervention delivery, intensity and adherence; achieve outcome assessor blinding by video-recording and to determine sample size for a larger trial of effectiveness.

Speech and Language Therapy Students’ Perspectives on Ethical Dilemmas

Objective: Ethical dilemmas continue to be an extremely complex area of health and social care practice and concerns have been expressed that ethics teaching is often not sufficiently adequate in preparing students. A particular criticism has been that didactic teaching methods privilege the assessment of knowledge over assessment of the ability to apply that knowledge. In response, a range of approaches to teaching ethics have been proposed. This study investigated the use of an innovative online platform – the Values-Exchange™(VX™) – to explore the manner in which speech and language therapy students approached cases focused on an ethical dilemma, which they are likely to encounter in practice. Method: Participants (n=37) were Year Two and Year Four students enrolled on a four-year BSc Speech and Language Therapy programme, who completed two case studies through the VX™. Main results: The results indicate that Year Two students tended toward an absolutist approach, while Year Four students appreciated the nuances of the ethical considerations that practitioners must grapple with. Conclusion: The encouraging of peer-learning across programme years and the incorporating of opportunities for help-seeking may contribute to reducing absolutist approaches, and online platforms such as the VX™ may prove useful for collaboration and structured reflection.

Neurofunctional Speech Rehabilitation in Cerebral Palsy: A Study on the Combination of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and an Integrative Speech Therapy Program

Neurofunctional Speech Rehabilitation in Cerebral Palsy: A Study on the Combination of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and an Integrative Speech Therapy Program

Memoria episódica, inteligencia fluida y funcionalidad en adultos mayores

Objective: Relate the different transformations of the concept and its approach to disability research in the Academic Speech Therapy Program (ASTP) of the Schoolof Human Rehabilitation (SHR) of the Universidad del Valle, decade from 1996 to 2006.Methods: Project Historical-hermeneutical approach, with design: State ofthe Art, intellectual production in the ASTP of the SHR of the Universidad del Valle from 1996 to 2006. Eighty units of analysis were used in a format re- categorization with management variables through descriptive statistics.Results: The units of analysis were presented mostly with empirical-analytical approaches to research and descriptive designs with greater predominance of rehabilitation model and more emphasis on adult population. The analysis of variables “models of disability” and “research design” showed that the integrative, systemic-ecological and rehabilitation models worked more from descriptive designs and systematization, research classified with other designs as monographs handled mostly models disability “medical-organicist” and “rehabilitation”, in equal proportion. Conclusions: The units of analysis did not follow a line parallel with the evolution of the concept of disability managed from the national framework, rarely they worked with the model of disability indicated in curriculum reform in the period studied, because the chronological order of investigations showed regressions or mixtures models. In conclusion it failed to identify a direct relationship withmodels of disability and investigative rigor.

If we build it, will they use it? Phase I observational evaluation of ReaDySpeech, an online therapy programme for people with dysarthria after stroke

AbstractPurpose: To explore the acceptability of using ReaDySpeech, an online speech therapy programme for people with dysarthria after stroke, within usual clinical practice. This early clinical testing underpins future research evaluation of ReaDySpeech. Methods: A prospective, observational design involving interviews with speech and language therapists with experience of using ReaDySpeech. This included the usability of ReaDySpeech, therapists’ training/support needs, ease of recruitment of therapist and patient participants, ReaDySpeech technical issues and therapy content. Therapists also provided feedback from the patient participants. Results: Six therapists working in hospital and community-based settings used ReaDySpeech with five patients (12–28 weeks post-stroke, four female, mean age 71 years). Therapists found it was easy to use, training/support was sufficient and they reported positive feedback from participants. Areas to address involved patients’ access to Wi-Fi, ease of navigation, cont...

Respiratory muscle strength training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in subacute dysphagic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory/expiratory muscle training (IEMT) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to improve dysphagia in stroke. Design: Prospective, single-blind, randomized-controlled trial. Setting: Tertiary public hospital. Subjects: Sixty-two patients with dysphagia were randomly assigned to standard swallow therapy (SST) (Group I, controls, n=21), SST+ IEMT (Group II, n=21) or SST+ sham IEMT+ NMES (Group III, n=20). Interventions: All patients followed a 3-week standard multidisciplinary rehabilitation program of SST and speech therapy. The SST+IEMT group’s muscle training consisted of 5 sets/10 repetitions, twice-daily, 5 days/week. Group III’s sham IEMT required no effort; NMES consisted of 40-minute sessions, 5 days/week, at 80Hz. Main outcomes: Dysphagia severity, assessed by Penetration-Aspiration Scale, and respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures) at the end of intervention and 3-month follow-up. Results: Maximal respiratory pressures were most improved in Group II: treatment effect was 12.9 (95% confidence interval 4.5-21.2) and 19.3 (95% confidence interval 8.5-30.3) for maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, respectively. Swallowing security signs were improved in Groups II and III at the end of intervention. No differences in Penetration-Aspiration Scale or respiratory complications were detected between the 3 groups at 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: Adding IEMT to SST was an effective, feasible, and safe approach that improved respiratory muscle strength. Both IEMT and NMES were associated with improvement in pharyngeal swallowing security signs at the end of the intervention, but the effect did not persist at 3-month follow-up and no differences in respiratory complications were detected between treatment groups and controls.

The efficacy of tenoten for children in the treatment of motor and speech disorders in children with perinatal damage of the central nervous system

To assess the therapeutic efficacy of tenoten for children in perinatal hypoxic CNS damage in children. The study included 80 children (56 boys and 24 girls) between the ages of 3 and 3 years and 11 months with different variants (dysontogenetic or encephalopathic) of the effects on the perinatal nervous system. All children were divided into primary (n=50) and control (n=30) groups. Children of the primary group received a combination of conventional speech therapy methods with tenoten for children (1 tablet 3 times a day for 12 weeks). In the control group, children were not treated with tenoten for children. The inclusion of tenoten in a comprehensive children's speech therapy program contributed significantly to the successful development of both general motor skills and spatial coordination as well as fine motor skills in the hand. In addition, tenoten significantly decreased signs of dysarthria and improved articulation, specifically in children with dysontogenetic variant of perinatal hypoxic CNS damage. Tenoten had a positive effect on child's behavior as well.

Effectiveness of Treatment Approaches Based on Articulation Therapy to Reduction Degree of speech Disorders

The study was conducted in Zalengie city during academic year 2013-2014. bjectives: to verify the effectiveness of the treatment program in reducing speech disorder, and to identify the prevalence of speech disorder among basic school pupils in Zalingei- Sudan. Method: The researcher used descriptive tatistic methods. Questioner technique is used as method of data collection beside speech therapy program. Study group included 130 children with speech disorders from basic School, 40 pupils were selected randomly as study group sample. The data was analyzed by using SPSS program. Results: the prevalence of speech disorders among basic pupils is (8%), the treatment program application to reduce the degree of some speech disorder is effectiveness (p<0.05), the high responses to treatment program is stuttering. Conclusion: In this study, the researcher found that we can treatment and reduced the speech disorders by using treatment programs approaches.

The nature of articulation errors in Egyptian Arabic-speaking children with velopharyngeal insufficiency due to cleft palate

Even with early surgical repair, the majority of cleft palate children demonstrate articulation errors and have typical cleft palate speech. ObjectiveWas to determine the nature of articulation errors of Arabic consonants in Egyptian Arabic-speaking children with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Subjects and methodsThirty Egyptian Arabic-speaking children with VPI due to cleft palate (whether primary repaired or secondary repaired) were studied. Auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of children speech was conducted. Nasopharyngoscopy was done to assess the velopharyngeal port (VPP) movements while the child was repeating speech tasks. Mansoura Arabic Articulation test (MAAT) was performed to analyze the consonants articulation of these children. Results and conclusionThe most frequent type of articulatory errors observed was substitution, more specifically, backing. Pharyngealization of anterior fricatives was the most frequent substitution, especially for the /s/ sound. The most frequent substituting sounds for other sounds were /ʔ/ followed by /k/ and /n/ sounds. Significant correlations were found between the degrees of the open nasality and VPP closure and the articulation errors. On the other hand, the sounds (/ʔ/,/ħ/,/ʕ/,/n/,/w/,/j/) were normally articulated in all studied group. The determination of articulation errors in VPI children could guide the therapists for designing appropriate speech therapy programs for these cases.

Communication bridge: Initial observations from an internet-based speech therapy program for individuals with aphasic dementias

Communication bridge: Initial observations from an internet-based speech therapy program for individuals with aphasic dementias